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  • Bridging Network Devices with Multiple IPs

    - by Andy
    I have a small server with a single NIC that I am trying to get a bridge functioning on so that I can run KVM. On this NIC I have a couple IPs statically assigned to it: eth0 = 192.168.1.1 eth0:1 = 192.168.1.2 eth0:2 = 192.168.1.3 eth0:3 -> Assign the bridge to this I am attempting to set up a bridge using the following instructions: sudo brctl addbr br0 sudo brctl addif br0 eth0:3 sudo ifconfig br0 192.168.1.120 netmask 255.255.255.0 up sudo route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 br0 sudo route add default gw 192.168.1.1 br0 sudo tunctl -b -u root -t tap0 > /dev/null sudo ifconfig tap0 up sudo brctl addif br0 tap0 However, when I do the second command: sudo brctl addif br0 eth0:3 It puts the ENTIRE eth0 device into promiscuous mode. This knocks the server offline and inaccessible by anything other than locally. Is there a way to bridge JUST eth0:3 to br0 and not put the entire device into promiscuous mode?

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  • Can't figure out why hard drive is full [closed]

    - by Belgin Fish
    Possible Duplicate: How do I find out what is using up all the space on my / partition? No Free disk space so I have 2 hard drives in my server, one main one that is 10gb and then a separate one that is 2tb I'm storing all the files on the second one and the df -h output looks like this Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 9.2G 8.8G 0 100% / tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 1.5G 148K 1.5G 1% /dev tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda4 1.8T 747G 981G 44% /home /dev/sda4 1.8T 747G 981G 44% /usr/lib/cgi-bin I just can't figure out why the first one is full when all the files are being stored in the /usr/lib/cgi-bin I'm running debian I can't seem to find any files that would take up 8.8gb that arn't on the second hard drive :S Thanks!

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  • Can't FTP into server

    - by Roland
    I need to FTP in from one server to another If I FTP using my local PC using Krusader I'm able to FTP into the server but if I ssh into one server and I'm trying to FTP to the server using the same ftp credentials I get message [Resolving host address...] I know this address is correct since I can ping it from the server I use the following command lftp 'open -u username,password server' If I use the same command to ftp to a different server it works. Any help advise will be greatly appreciated.

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  • How to copy directories using debugfs?

    - by STM
    The debugfs manpage gives the impression that the command 'rdump . .' will recursively copy all files found on the specified filesystem from the debugfs cwd to the native filesystem's cwd. Instead I seem to receive a syntax error, and no copy is initiated? These are the commands I run: cd /path/to/transfer/destination debugfs /dev/sda1 -R rdump . . My task is to copy the entire contents of a clean yet unmountable USB storage device to its host machine's HD. The host machine does not support the inode size used by the USB device's filesystem (256) and its software is not upgradeable, so my intention was to use debugfs to transfer the files. If anyone has any other suggestions for this task I'd be grateful.

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  • SQLAuthority Guest Post – Lessons from Life and Work by Srini Chandra (Author of 3 Lives, in search of bliss)

    - by pinaldave
    Work and life are confusing terms together. How can one consider work outside of life. Work should be part of life or are we considering ourselves dead when we are at work. I have often seen developers and DBA complaining and confused about their job, work and life. Complaining is easy and everyone can do. I have heard quite often expression – “I do not have any other option.” I requested Srini Chanda (renowned author of Amazon Best Seller 3 Lives, in search of bliss (Amazon | Flipkart) to write a guest post on this subject which developer can read and appreciate. Let us see Srini’s thoughts in his own words. Each of us who works in the technology industry carries an especially heavy burden nowadays. For, fate has placed in our hands an awesome power to shape our society and its consciousness. For that reason, we must pay more and more attention to issues of professionalism, social responsibility and ethics. Equally importantly, the responsibility lies in our hands to ensure that we view our work and career as an opportunity to enlighten and lift ourselves up. Story: A Prisoner, 20 years and a Wheel Many years ago, I heard this story from a professor when I was a student at Carnegie Mellon. A man was sentenced to 20 years in prison. During his time in prison, he was asked to turn a wheel every day. So, every day he turned the wheel. At times, when he was tired or puzzled and stopped turning the wheel, he would be flogged with a whip. The man did not know anything about the wheel other than that it was placed outside his jail somewhere. He wondered if the wheel crushed corn or if it ground wheat or something similar. He wondered if turning the wheel was useful to anyone. At the end of his jail term, he rushed out to see what the wheel was doing. To his disappointment, he found that the wheel was not connected to anything. All these years, he had been toiling for nothing. He gave a loud, frustrated shout and dropped dead. How many of us are turning wheels wondering what it is connected to? How many of us have unstated, uncaring attitudes towards our careers? How many of us view work as drudgery, as no more than a way to earn that next paycheck? How many of us have wondered about the spiritually uplifting aspect of work? Can a workforce that views work as merely a chore, be ethical? Can it produce truly life enhancing technology? Can it make positive contributions to the quality of life of a society? I think not. Thanks to Pinal and you, his readers, for giving me this opportunity to share my thoughts in a series of guest posts. I’d like to present a few ways over the next few weeks, in which we can tap into the liberating potential of work and make our lives better in the process. Now, please allow me to tell you another version of the story that the good professor shared with us in the classroom that day. Story: A Prisoner, 20 years, a Wheel and the LIFE A man was sentenced to 20 years in prison. During his time in prison, he was asked to turn a wheel every day. So, every day he turned the wheel. At first, his whole body and mind rebelled against his predicament. So, his limbs grew weary and his mind became numb and confused. And then, his self-awareness began to grow. He began to wonder how he came to be in the prison in the first place. He looked around and saw all his fellow prisoners also turning the wheel. His wife, his parents, his friends and his children – they were all in the prison too, and turning their own wheels! He began to wonder how this came about. As he wondered more and more, he began to focus less on his physical drudgery and boredom. And he began to clearly see his inner spirit which guided him in ways that allowed him to see the world with a universal view. His inner spirit guided him towards the source of eternal wisdom and happiness. He began to see the source of happiness in everything around him – his prison bound relationships, even his jailers and in his wheel. He became a source of light to those around him. His wheel jokes and humor infected them with joy and happiness. Finally, the day came for his release from jail. He walked calmly outside the jail and laughed aloud when he saw that the wheel was not connected to anything. He knelt down, kissed it and thanked it for the wisdom it taught him. Life is the prison. The wheel is your work. Both are sacred. Both have enormous powers to teach us wisdom and bring us happiness. Whether we allow them to do so, is a choice we have to make. Over the next few weeks, I hope to share with you a few lessons that I have learnt at the wheel in my two decades of my career (prison). Thank you for reading, and do let me know what you think. Reference: Srini Chandra (3 Lives, in search of bliss), Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority Book Review, T SQL, Technology

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  • Bash command substitution not working as expected

    - by Joe Fruchey
    I'd like to view the last few lines of a file, but I want the columns aligned. Basically, I want to disable wordwrap. This is straightforward with: tail $FILE | cut -c -80 But I'm trying to generalize my script for other users, and I'd like to cut to the actual terminal width, which I can get with: stty size | cut -d" " -f2 So I would imagine that I could just tail $FILE | cut -c -`stty size | cut -d" " -f2` but it doesn't work: stty: standard input: Invalid argument cut: invalid range with no endpoint: - Try `cut --help' for more information. (Same results with the 'new' $() expansion.) Now, if I echo it, it seems fine: echo cut -c -`stty size | cut -d" " -f2` cut -c -103 Am I just missing an escape char? Or is this somehow just not possible? Thanks.

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  • How to create an EFI System Partition?

    - by Alex Popov
    TL; DR How do I create an EFI system partition from scratch? How do I put the EFI firmware on it onces it is created? Long version I hava Toshiba T430 laptop. I received it with Windows 7 installed (but I think originally it has shipped with Windows 8). I installed Ubuntu on it, but deleted some partitions on the disk so that I ended up wiping out the Windows and only having Ubuntu. Among the deleted partitions was the EFI System partition. I discovered that Ubuntu now boots in Legacy mode (and not UEFI). I am trying to follow this guide on converting my Ubuntu installation from Legacy to UEFI. The problem - since there is no EFI partition whenever I choose from BIOS to boot using UEFI I cannot boot. That counts not only for the harddrive, but usb and DVD as well. I think this is logical - it expects an EFI partition and since it can't find it, it cannot continue booting futher, be it from HDD or DVD. So how do I recreate the EFI partition? The guide above says: Creating an EFI partition If you are manually partitioning your disk in the Ubuntu installer, you need to make sure you have an EFI partition set up. If your disk already contains an EFI partition (eg if your computer had Windows8 preinstalled), it can be used for Ubuntu too. Do not format it. It is strongly recommended to have only 1 EFI partition per disk. An EFI partition can be created via a recent version of GParted (the Gparted version included in the 12.04 disk is OK), and must have the following attributes: Mount point: /boot/efi (remark: no need to set this mount point when using the manual partitioning, the Ubuntu installer will detect it automatically) Size: minimum 100Mib. 200MiB recommended. Type: FAT32 Other: needs a "boot" flag. I had some trouble creating this partition: I boot from a live Ubuntu DVD, open GParted, create a 200MB partition and format it to FAT32. In GParted I cannot set the mount point and thus cannot set the bootflag. I didn't set the mount point in /etc/fstab since it's a live CD and fstab looked quite differently from what I expected compared to a normal boot. Anyway, I just didn't know what values to set. I booted again via the live DVD and then chose to install Ubuntu. I then created a partition with the mentioned criteria - mount point, 200MB, FAT32, boot flag. However, I continue to have this problem and I suppose it's because on that partition there is no EFI firmware, it's just an empty partition, which is suitable to have EFI firmware. So again, how do I create an EFI partition, which has the EFI software, so that the laptop can once again boot in UEFI mode?

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  • Varnish, hide port number

    - by George Reith
    My set up is as follows: OS: CentOS 6.2 running on an OpenVZ virtual machine. Web server: Nginx listening on port 8080 Reverse proxy: Varnish listening on port 80 The problem is that Varnish redirects my requests to port 8080 and this appears in the address bar like so http://mysite.com:8080/directory/, causing relative links on the site to include the port number (8080) in the request and thus bypassing Varnish. The site is powered by WordPress. How do I allow Varnish to use Nginx as the backend on port 8080 without appending the port number to the address? Edit: Varnish is set up like so: I have told the Varnish daemon to listen to port 80 by default. VARNISH_VCL_CONF=/etc/varnish/default.vcl # # # Default address and port to bind to # # Blank address means all IPv4 and IPv6 interfaces, otherwise specify # # a host name, an IPv4 dotted quad, or an IPv6 address in brackets. # VARNISH_LISTEN_ADDRESS= VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=80 # # # Telnet admin interface listen address and port VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1 VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT=6082 # # # Shared secret file for admin interface VARNISH_SECRET_FILE=/etc/varnish/secret # # # The minimum number of worker threads to start VARNISH_MIN_THREADS=1 # # # The Maximum number of worker threads to start VARNISH_MAX_THREADS=1000 # # # Idle timeout for worker threads VARNISH_THREAD_TIMEOUT=120 # # # Cache file location VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE=/var/lib/varnish/varnish_storage.bin # # # Cache file size: in bytes, optionally using k / M / G / T suffix, # # or in percentage of available disk space using the % suffix. VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE=1G # # # Backend storage specification VARNISH_STORAGE="file,${VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE},${VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE}" # # # Default TTL used when the backend does not specify one VARNISH_TTL=120 The VCL file that Varnish calls (through an include in default.vcl) consists of: backend playwithbits { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "8080"; } acl purge { "127.0.0.1"; } sub vcl_recv { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { set req.backend = playwithbits; set req.http.Host = regsub(req.http.Host, ":[0-9]+", ""); if (req.request == "PURGE") { if (!client.ip ~ purge) { error 405 "Not allowed."; } return(lookup); } if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset req.http.cookie; } } } sub vcl_hit { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.request == "PURGE") { set obj.ttl = 0s; error 200 "Purged."; } } } sub vcl_miss { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.request == "PURGE") { error 404 "Not in cache."; } if (!(req.url ~ "wp-(login|admin)")) { unset req.http.cookie; } if (req.url ~ "^/[^?]+.(jpeg|jpg|png|gif|ico|js|css|txt|gz|zip|lzma|bz2|tgz|tbz|html|htm)(\?.|)$") { unset req.http.cookie; set req.url = regsub(req.url, "\?.$", ""); } if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset req.http.cookie; } } } sub vcl_fetch { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } if (!(req.url ~ "wp-(login|admin)")) { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } } }

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  • How to manage mounted partitions (fstab + mount points) from puppet

    - by Cristian Ciupitu
    I want to manage the mounted partitions from puppet which includes both modifying /etc/fstab and creating the directories used as mount points. The mount resource type updates fstab just fine, but using file for creating the mount points is bit tricky. For example, by default the owner of the directory is root and if the root (/) of the mounted partition has another owner, puppet will try to change it and I don't want this. I know that I can set the owner of that directory, but why should I care what's on the mounted partition? All I want to do is mount it. Is there a way to make puppet not to care about the permissions of the directory used as the mount point? This is what I'm using right now: define extra_mount_point( $device, $location = "/mnt", $fstype = "xfs", $owner = "root", $group = "root", $mode = 0755, $seltype = "public_content_t" $options = "ro,relatime,nosuid,nodev,noexec", ) { file { "${location}/${name}": ensure => directory, owner => "${owner}", group => "${group}", mode => $mode, seltype => "${seltype}", } mount { "${location}/${name}": atboot => true, ensure => mounted, device => "${device}", fstype => "${fstype}", options => "${options}", dump => 0, pass => 2, require => File["${location}/${name}"], } } extra_mount_point { "sda3": device => "/dev/sda3", fstype => "xfs", owner => "ciupicri", group => "ciupicri", $options = "relatime,nosuid,nodev,noexec", } In case it matters, I'm using puppet-0.25.4-1.fc13.noarch.rpm and puppet-server-0.25.4-1.fc13.noarch.rpm.

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  • Bash Script to Compress / Transfer / Remove Log Files

    - by Jason
    I am currently using chronolog to set log file names for Apache with date. They are in the following format: /WEB/LOGS/APACHE_ACCESS_YYYY-MM-DD.log /WEB/LOGS/APACHE_ERROR_YYYY-MM-DD.log I would like to have a script that runs on the first of every month and compresses the log files from the previous month, transfers them to another host (via SCP) and then deletes the compressed file. find . -name '*.log' -mtime +1 -type f I've found several examples like the one above that allow you to select files x days old, but I need all files from the previous month. I am the first to admit my bash scripting skills are weak so would really appreciate any help and guidance.

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  • Error when starting qpidd as a service

    - by Sparks
    I have recently swapped from CENTOS 5 to FEDORA 17. Previously I have created my own init.d scripts successfully (albeit not for qpidd) however, in FEDORA I cannot get it to work. I have created the following script (called qpidd) in the init.d directory: #!/bin/bash # # /etc/rc.d/init.d/qpidd # # QPID/AMQP Broker scripts # # # chkconfig: 2345 20 80 # description: QPID/AMQP Broker service # processname: qpidd # pidfile: /var/lock/subsys/qpidd # Source function library. . /etc/init.d/functions SERVICENAME=qpidd start() { echo -n "Starting $SERVICENAME: " daemon qpidd -d & retval=$? touch /var/lock/subsys/$SERVICENAME return $retval } stop() { echo -n "Shutting down $SERVICENAME: " qpidd -q & retval=$? rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$SERVICENAME return $retval } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; status) status qpidd ;; restart) stop start ;; condrestart) [ -f /var/lock/subsys/<service> ] && restart || : ;; *) echo "Usage: $SERVICENAME {start|stop|status|restart" exit 1 ;; esac exit $? After this, I ran chkconfig --add qpidd, however, now when I run sudo service qpidd start I get the following message: Starting qpidd (via systemctl): Job failed. See system journal and 'systemctl status' for details. If I then run systemctl status qpidd I get the following message: Failed to issue method call: Unit name qpidd is not valid. I am now lost, I have search the web and Stack Overflow but cannot find anybody with similar problem, any help or direction to a website that can help would be much appreciated Sparks :)

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  • Apache configuration to access directory

    - by Felipe Hummel
    I'm on Ubuntu 9.10. My web application is in a directory on my /home/me/app . I want to configure Apache in such a way that I can access my app through a directory. For example: People can access my machine through domain.com. What I would like to do is access my web application (located at /home/me/app) through a directory, using something like: domain.com/myapp. How can I set up the apache configuration for this kind of behavior? Of course, I do not want to move all my application to /var/www/myapp. Thanks

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  • Apache configuration to access directory

    - by Felipe Hummel
    I'm on Ubuntu 9.10. My web application is in a directory on my /home/me/app . I want to configure Apache in such a way that I can access my app through a directory. For example: People can access my machine through domain.com. What I would like to do is access my web application (located at /home/me/app) through a directory, using something like: domain.com/myapp. How can I set up the apache configuration for this kind of behavior? Of course, I do not want to move all my application to /var/www/myapp. Thanks

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  • Locate All Emacs Autosaves and Backups in one folder

    - by Urda
    What do I need to add to my .emacs to get it to save all of my autosaves and backups into one directory? I don't do a lot of .emacs configuration, and I just can't get the variables out of emacsWiki to play right. Anybody mind sharing how they do it? I would prefer to have the saves placed in /tmp/emacs/{username}/{autosaves | backups} BONUS, configuration to do the same for TRAMP

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  • Can TP-Link router make phone calls?

    - by Umair Ashraf
    I have a TP-Link router with DSL service provided by a local company which serves it over the landline phone. My landline cord is plugged into an ethernet router which is then plugged into TP-Link wireless router. I can access internet with this wireless router all over my home with all computers. Landline Cord [into] Ethernet Router [into] TP-Link Wireless Router [air] Computers I would add that landline cord is also into a phone device which I use to make calls and that's not cordless. Now I am accessing internet via WiFi on my laptop and want to ask if is this possible to make landline calls via this same computer I am surfing internet through? What I am asking it to a dial-up via TP-Link router that goes through landline. You see the landline cord is the actual data gateway and is also used to make calls. So it can simultaneously send Data and Voice over the same wire.

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  • Server load high, CPU idle. NFS the cause?

    - by Mech Software
    I am running into a scenario where I'm seeing a high server load (sometimes upwards of 20 or 30) and a very low CPU usage (98% idle). I'm wondering if these wait states are coming as part of an NFS filesystem connection. Here is what I see in VMStat procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu------ r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 2 1 0 1298784 0 0 0 0 16 5 0 9 1 1 97 2 0 0 1 0 1308016 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3882 4 3 80 13 0 0 1 0 1307960 0 0 0 0 120 0 0 2960 0 0 88 12 0 0 1 0 1295868 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 4235 1 2 84 13 0 6 0 0 1292740 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5003 1 1 98 0 0 4 0 0 1300860 0 0 0 0 0 120 0 11194 4 3 93 0 0 4 1 0 1304576 0 0 0 0 240 0 0 11259 4 3 88 6 0 3 1 0 1298952 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9268 7 5 70 19 0 3 1 0 1303740 0 0 0 0 88 8 0 8088 4 3 81 13 0 5 0 0 1304052 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6348 4 4 93 0 0 0 0 0 1307952 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7366 5 4 91 0 0 0 0 0 1307744 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3201 0 0 100 0 0 4 0 0 1294644 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5514 1 2 97 0 0 3 0 0 1301272 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11508 4 3 93 0 0 3 0 0 1307788 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11822 5 3 92 0 0 From what I can tell when the IO goes up the waits go up. Could NFS be the cause here or should I be worried about something else? This is a VPS box on a fiber channel SAN. I'd think the bottleneck wouldn't be the SAN. Comments?

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  • Running multiple sites on a LAMP with secure isolation

    - by David C.
    Hi everybody, I have been administering a few LAMP servers with 2-5 sites on each of them. These are basically owned by the same user/client so there are no security issues except from attacks through vulnerable deamons or scripts. I am builing my own server and would like to start hosting multiple sites. My first concern is... ISOLATION. How can I avoid that a c99 script could deface all the virtual hosts? Also, should I prevent that c99 to be able to write/read the other sites' directories? (It is easy to "cat" a config.php from another site and then get into the mysql database) My server is a VPS with 512M burstable to 1G. Among the free hosting managers, is there any small one which works for my VPS? (which maybe is compatible with the security approach I would like to have) Currently I am not planning to host over 10 sites but I would not accept that a client/hacker could navigate into unwanted directories or, worse, run malicious scripts. FTP management would be fine. I don't want to complicate things with SSH isolation. What is the best practice in this case? Basically, what do hosting companies do to sleep well? :) Thanks very much! David

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  • echo newline character not working in bash

    - by Bashuser
    I have bash script which has lots of echo statements and also I aliased echo to echo -e both in .bash_profile and .bashrc, so that new lines are printed properly for a statement like echo 'Hello\nWorld' the output should be Hello World but the output I am getting is Hello\nWorld I even tried using shopt -s expand_aliases in the script, it doesn't help I am running my script as bash /scripts/scriptnm.sh; if I run it as . /scripts/scriptnm.sh I am getting the desired output...

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  • Proxying from nginx to Jetty

    - by newbie
    I'm proxying request from nginx to Jetty, but I have problem with request that Jetty receives. Jetty requests shows that request IP address is 127.0.0.1. But I want real server IP and my site has multiple domains, so when request is coming from some domain name to my server, it must available in Jetty request too. nginx config: server { listen 80; ## listen for ipv4 listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 server_name localhost; access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.access.log; location / { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; } } Servlet request: Dump Servlet getMethod: GET getContentLength: -1 getContentType: null getRequestURI: /dump/info getRequestURL: http://127.0.0.1:8080/dump/info getContextPath: getServletPath: /dump getPathInfo: /info getPathTranslated: /tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-test.war-_-any-/webapp/info getQueryString: null getProtocol: HTTP/1.0 getScheme: http getServerName: 127.0.0.1 getServerPort: 8080 getLocalName: 127.0.0.1 getLocalAddr: 127.0.0.1 getLocalPort: 8080 getRemoteUser: null getUserPrincipal: null getRemoteAddr: 127.0.0.1 getRemoteHost: 127.0.0.1 getRemotePort: 50905 getRequestedSessionId: 6ubs42zhm5q61k5hm84ni3ib isSecure(): false isUserInRole(admin): false getLocale: en_US getLocales: en_US getLocales: en

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  • snmptt not translating traps, even with translate_log_trap_oid=1

    - by mbrownnyc
    I am having some trouble configuring snmptt to properly translate snmp traps. The following is a problem: /etc/snmp/snmptt.conf reflects: EVENT fgFmTrapIfChange .1.3.6.1.4.1.12356.101.6.0.1004 "Status Events" Critical FORMAT $* EXEC /usr/local/nagios/libexec/eventhandlers/submit_check_result $r "snmp_traps" 2 "$O: $+*" "$*" SDESC Trap is sent to the managing FortiManager if an interface IP is changed Variables: 1: fnSysSerial 2: ifName 3: fgManIfIp 4: fgManIfMask EDESC when a trap is received, /var/log/messages reflects: Sep 6 12:07:32 SNMPMANAGERHOST snmptrapd[15385]: 2012-09-06 12:07:32 <UNKNOWN> [UDP: [192.168.100.2]:162->[192.168.100.31]]: #012.1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0 = Timeticks: (707253943) 81 days, 20:35:39.43 #011.1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.4.1.0 = OID: .1.3.6.1.4.1.12356.101.6.0.1004 #011.1.3.6.1.4.1.12356.100.1.1.1.0 = STRING: FGTNNNNNNNNN #011.1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1.10 = STRING: internal4 #011.1.3.6.1.4.1.12356.101.6.2.1.0 = IpAddress: 192.168.65.100 #011.1.3.6.1.4.1.12356.101.6.2.2.0 = IpAddress: 255.255.255.0 Sep 6 12:07:37 SNMPMANAGERHOST icinga: EXTERNAL COMMAND: PROCESS_SERVICE_CHECK_RESULT; 192.168.100.2; snmp_traps; 2; enterprises.12356.101.6.0.1004: enterprises.12356.100.1.1.1.0:FGTNNNNNNNNN ifName.10:internal4 enterprises.12356.101.6.2.1.0:192.168.65.100 enterprises.12356.101.6.2.2.0:255.255.255.0 Since the icinga entry reflects the EXEC, it's obvious there is no translations occurring by snmptt. I have verified that translate_log_trap_oid and net_snmp_perl_enable is enabled in snmptt.ini When using --debug=1 to start snmptt, I see the following in the --debugfile: ********** Net-SNMP version 5.05 Perl module enabled ********** The main NET-SNMP version is reported as NET-SNMP version: 5.5. What else can be done to verify that snmptt is configured properly to translate traps? I have run snmptt-net-snmp-test to verify whatever net-snmp-perl version I have installed properly supports translations. The output indicates it does. /root/snmptt_1.3/snmptt-net-snmp-test --best_guess=2 SNMPTT Net-SNMP Test v1.0 (c) 2003 Alex Burger http://snmptt.sourceforge.net MIBS:RFC1213-MIB best_guess: 2 Testing translateObj ******************** Testing: .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1, long_names=disabled, include_module=disabled Test passed. Result: sysDescr Testing: .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1, long_names=disabled, include_module=enabled Test passed. Result: RFC1213-MIB::sysDescr Testing: .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1, long_names=enabled, include_module=disabled Test passed. Result: .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.system.sysDescr Testing: .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1, long_names=enabled, include_module=enabled Test passed. Result: RFC1213-MIB::.iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.system.sysDescr Testing: sysDescr, long_names=disabled, include_module=disabled Test passed. Result: .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1 Testing: RFC1213-MIB::sysDescr, long_names=disabled, include_module=disabled Test passed. Result: .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1 Testing: system.sysDescr, long_names=disabled, include_module=disabled Test passed. Result: .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1 Testing: RFC1213-MIB::system.sysDescr, long_names=disabled, include_module=disabled Test passed. Result: .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1 Testing: .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.system.sysDescr, long_names=disabled, include_module=disabled Test passed. Result: .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1 Testing getType *************** Testing: .1.3.6.1.2.1.4.1 Test passed. Result: INTEGER Testing: ipForwarding Test passed. Result: INTEGER Testing Description ******************* Test passed. Result: ------------------------------------------------- The indication of whether this entity is acting as an IP gateway in respect to the forwarding of datagrams received by, but not addressed to, this entity. IP gateways forward datagrams. IP hosts do not (except those source-routed via the host). Note that for some managed nodes, this object may take on only a subset of the values possible. Accordingly, it is appropriate for an agent to return a `badValue' response if a management station attempts to change this object to an inappropriate value. ------------------------------------------------- I have manually gone through the MIB with the definition that's not resolving, and verified that it is properly linking back to the proper resolved definition. It is: FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB.txt contains: fgFmTrapIfChange NOTIFICATION-TYPE OBJECTS { fnSysSerial, ifName, fgManIfIp, fgManIfMask } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Trap is sent to the managing FortiManager if an interface IP is changed" ::= { fgFmTrapPrefix 1004 } fgFmTrapPrefix OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { fgMgmt 0 } fgMgmt OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { fnFortiGateMib 6 } fnFortiGateMib ::= { fortinet 101 } IMPORTS FnBoolState, FnIndex, fnAdminEntry, fnSysSerial, fortinet FROM FORTINET-CORE-MIB fortinet MODULE-IDENTITY ::= { enterprises 12356 } LOOKS GOOD!!!!! 1.3.6.1.4.1.12356.101.6.0.1004 I've exhausted all the documentation and even posted fruitlessly in the snmptt-users mailing list. I can not prove it is the MIB. Why would snmptt fail to translate traps? Thanks, Matt

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  • Passing PATH through sudo

    - by whitequark
    In short: how to make sudo not to flush PATH everytime? I have some websites deployed on my server (Debian testing) written with Ruby on Rails. I use Mongrel+Nginx to host them, but there is one problem that comes when I need to restart Mongrel (e.g. after making some changes). All sites are checked in VCS (git, but it is not important) and have owner and group set to my user, whereas Mongrel runs under the, huh, mongrel user that is severely restricted in it's rights. So Mongrel must be started under root (it can automatically change UID) or mongrel. To manage mongrel I use mongrel_cluster gem because it allows starting or stopping any amount of Mongrel servers with just one command. But it needs the directory /var/lib/gems/1.8/bin to be in PATH: this is not enough to start it with absolute path. Modifying PATH in root .bashrc changed nothing, tweaking sudo's env_reset and keepenv didn't either. So the question: how to add a directory to PATH or keep user's PATH in sudo?

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  • Cron won't use msmtp to send emails in case of failed cronjob

    - by Glister
    I'm trying to configure a machine so that it will send me an email if one of the cronjobs output something in case of an error. I'm using Debian Wheezy. Cron is working normally (without the email functionality). msmtp is installed and configured. Have already symlinked /usr/{bin|sbin}/sendmail to /usr/bin/msmtp. I can send email by using: echo "test" | mail -s "subject" [email protected] or by executing: echo "test" | /usr/sbin/sendmail Without the symlink (/usr/sbin/sendmail) cron will tell me that: (CRON) info (No MTA installed, discarding output) With the symlinks I get: (root) MAIL (mailed 1 byte of output; but got status 0x004e, #012) Can you suggest how to config the cron/msmtp pair? Thanks! EDIT: Note: I've written "msmtpd" by mistake. Its not a daemon but rather an SMTP client named just "msmtp" (without the "d" ending). It is executed on demand and it is not running in the background all the time. When I try to send an email by using msmtp like that it works: echo "test" | msmtp [email protected] On the far side, in the logs of the SMTP server I read: Nov 2 09:26:10 S01 postfix/smtpd[12728]: connect from unknown[CLIENT_IP] Nov 2 09:26:12 S01 postfix/smtpd[12728]: 532301C318: client=unknown[CLIENT_IP], sasl_method=CRAM-MD5, [email protected] Nov 2 09:26:12 S01 postfix/cleanup[12733]: 532301C318: message-id=<> Nov 2 09:26:12 S01 postfix/qmgr[2404]: 532301C318: from=<[email protected]>, size=191, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Nov 2 09:26:12 S01 postfix/local[12734]: 532301C318: to=<[email protected]>, orig_to=<[email protected]>, relay=local, delay=0.62, delays=0.59/0.01/0/0.03, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered to command: IFS=' ' && exec /usr/bin/procmail -f- || exit 75 #1001) Nov 2 09:26:12 S01 postfix/qmgr[2404]: 532301C318: removed Nov 2 09:26:13 S01 postfix/smtpd[12728]: disconnect from unknown[CLIENT_IP] And the Email is delivered to the target user. So it looks like that the msmtp client is working properly. It has to be something in the cron/msmtp integration, but I have no clue what that thing might be. Can you help me?

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  • Convert a colored PDF into a white/black

    - by polslinux
    On Debian Sid, I have a PDF with a blue background and yellow font. I've searched a lot on Super User but i haven't found anything useful for me. I have tried to convert the PDF into a grayscale one with: gs -o grayscale.pdf -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sColorConversionStrategy=Gray -sProcessColorModel=DeviceGray -dCompatibilityLevel=1.4 colored.pdf The problem is that I obtain a PDF whit white fonts and dark grey background so I cannot print it. After that I tried: convert -density 96x96 gs2.pdf -density 96x96 -negate -compress zip inv.pdf I got a PDF with black fonts (and this is okay) and grey background (and this is not okay). What can I do to obtain a PDF with white background and black fonts?

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  • Motherboard/PSU crippling USB and Sata

    - by celebdor
    I very recently bought a new desktop computer. The motherboard is: Z77MX-D3H and the power supply is ocz zs series 550w. The issue I have is that once I boot to the operating system (I have tried with fedora and Ubuntu with kernels 2.6.38 - 3.4.0), my hard drive (2.5" Magnetic) occasionally makes a power switch noise and it resets. Needless to say, when this drive is the OS drive, the OS crashes. I also have a SSD that works fine with the same OS configurations, but if I have the magnetic hard drive attached as second drive, it works erratically and the reconnects result in corrupted data. I also noticed that whenever I plug an external hard drive USB2.0 or USB3.0 to the computer the issue with the reconnects is even worse: [ 52.198441] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Spinning up disk... [ 57.955811] usb 4-3: USB disconnect, device number 3 [ 58.023687] .ready [ 58.023914] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY(16) failed [ 58.023919] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 58.023932] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 58.024061] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY failed [ 58.024063] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 58.024064] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 58.024099] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off [ 58.024101] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 00 00 00 00 [ 58.024135] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Asking for cache data failed [ 58.024137] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 58.024400] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY(16) failed [ 58.024402] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 58.024405] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 58.024448] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY failed [ 58.024450] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 58.024451] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 58.024469] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Asking for cache data failed [ 58.024471] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 58.024472] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk [ 58.407725] usb 4-3: new SuperSpeed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd [ 58.424921] scsi8 : usb-storage 4-3:1.0 [ 59.424185] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access WD My Passport 0740 1003 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 59.424406] scsi 8:0:0:1: Enclosure WD SES Device 1003 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 59.425098] sd 8:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [ 59.425176] ses 8:0:0:1: Attached Enclosure device [ 59.425248] ses 8:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 13 [ 61.845836] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] 976707584 512-byte logical blocks: (500 GB/465 GiB) [ 61.845838] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] 4096-byte physical blocks [ 61.846336] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off [ 61.846338] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 47 00 10 08 [ 61.846718] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present [ 61.846720] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 61.848105] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present [ 61.848106] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 61.857147] sdc: sdc1 [ 61.858915] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present [ 61.858916] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 61.858918] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk [ 69.875809] usb 4-3: USB disconnect, device number 4 [ 70.275816] usb 4-3: new SuperSpeed USB device number 5 using xhci_hcd [ 70.293063] scsi9 : usb-storage 4-3:1.0 [ 71.292257] scsi 9:0:0:0: Direct-Access WD My Passport 0740 1003 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 71.292505] scsi 9:0:0:1: Enclosure WD SES Device 1003 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 71.293527] sd 9:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [ 71.293668] ses 9:0:0:1: Attached Enclosure device [ 71.293758] ses 9:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 13 [ 73.323804] usb 4-3: USB disconnect, device number 5 [ 101.868078] ses 9:0:0:1: Device offlined - not ready after error recovery [ 101.868124] ses 9:0:0:1: Failed to get diagnostic page 0x50000 [ 101.868131] ses 9:0:0:1: Failed to bind enclosure -19 [ 101.868288] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY(16) failed [ 101.868292] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 101.868296] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 101.868428] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY failed [ 101.868434] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 101.868439] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 101.868468] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off [ 101.868473] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 00 00 00 00 [ 101.868580] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Asking for cache data failed [ 101.868584] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 101.868845] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY(16) failed [ 101.868849] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 101.868854] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 101.868894] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] READ CAPACITY failed [ 101.868898] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 101.868903] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available. [ 101.868961] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Asking for cache data failed [ 101.868966] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 101.868969] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk Now, if I plug the same drive to the powered usb 2.0 hub of my monitor, the issue is not reproduced (at least on a 20h long operation). Also the issue of the usb reconnects is less frequent if the hard drive is plugged before I switch on the computer. Does anybody have some advice as to what I could do? Which is the faulty part/s that I should replace? As for me, I really don't know if to point my finger to the PSU or the Motherboard (I have updated to the latest firmware and checked the BIOS settings several times). EDIT: The reconnects are happening both in the Sata connected drives and the USBX connected drives.

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