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• Following a set of points?

  - by user1010005

  Lets assume that i have a set of path that an entity should follow : const int Paths = 2 Vector2D<float> Path[Paths] = { Vector2D(100,0),Vector2D(100,50) }; Now i define my entity's position in a 2D vector as follows : Vector2D<float> FollowerPosition(0,0); And now i would like to move the "follower" to the path at index 1 : int PathPosition = 0; //Start with path 1 Currently i do this : Vector2D<float>& Target = Path[PathPosition]; bool Changed = false; if (FollowerPosition.X < Target.X) FollowerPosition.X += Vel,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.X > Target.X) FollowerPosition.X -= Vel,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.Y < Target.Y) FollowerPosition.Y += Vel;,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.Y > Target.Y) FollowerPosition.Y -= Vel,Changed = true; if (!Changed) { PathPosition = PathPosition + 1; if (PathPosition > Paths) PathPosition = 0; } Which works except for one little detail : The movement is not smooth!! ...So i would like to ask if anyone sees anything wrong with my code. Thanks and sorry for my english.

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• What is causing this behavior with the movement of Pong Ball in 2D? [closed]

  - by thegermanpole

  //edit after running it through the debugger it turned out i had the display function set to x,x...TIL how to use a debugger I've been trying to teach myself C++ SDL with the lazyfoo tutorial and seem to have run into a roadblock. The code below is the movement function of my Dot class, which controls the ball. The ball seems to ignore yvel and moves with xvel to the bottom right. The code should be pretty readable, the rest of the relevant facts are: All variables are names Constants are in caps dotrad is the radius of my dot yvel and xvel are set to 5 in the constructor The dot is created at x and y equal to 100 When I comment out the x movement block it doesn't move, but if i comment out the y movement block, it keeps on going down to the right. void Dot::move() { if(((y+yvel+dotrad) <= SCREEN_HEIGHT) && (0 <= (y-dotrad+yvel))) { y+=yvel; } else { yvel = -1*yvel; } if(((x+xvel+dotrad) <= SCREEN_WIDTH) && (0 <= (x-dotrad+xvel))) { x +=xvel; } else { xvel = -1*xvel; } }

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• In wow 6.0 expansion, where to buy wow gold?

  - by user50866

  Rs3gold.com is a leading provider of MMORPG virtual currency and other assets around the world, when is the new world of warcraft expansion, you can buy cheapest wow gold from Rs3gold. 8% discount code for your World of Warcraft Gold - RS3GOLD Once your payment on our site is completed successfully, we will deliver your WOW gold instantly within 10-30 minutes! http://www.rs3gold.com/Gold/wow_us.aspx  

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• How to move a rectangle properly?

  - by bodycountPP

  I recently started to learn OpenGL. Right now I finished the first chapter of the "OpenGL SuperBible". There were two examples. The first had the complete code and showed how to draw a simple triangle. The second example is supposed to show how to move a rectangle using SpecialKeys. The only code provided for this example was the SpecialKeys method. I still tried to implement it but I had two problems. In the previous example I declared and instaciated vVerts in the SetupRC() method. Now as it is also used in the SpecialKeys() method, I moved the declaration and instantiation to the top of the code. Is this proper c++ practice? I copied the part where vertex positions are recalculated from the book, but I had to pick the vertices for the rectangle on my own. So now every time I press a key for the first time the rectangle's upper left vertex is moved to (-0,5:-0.5). This ok because of GLfloat blockX = vVerts[0]; //Upper left X GLfloat blockY = vVerts[7]; // Upper left Y But I also think that this is the reason why my rectangle is shifted in the beginning. After the first time a key was pressed everything works just fine. Here is my complete code I hope you can help me on those two points. GLBatch squareBatch; GLShaderManager shaderManager; //Load up a triangle GLfloat vVerts[] = {-0.5f,0.5f,0.0f, 0.5f,0.5f,0.0f, 0.5f,-0.5f,0.0f, -0.5f,-0.5f,0.0f}; //Window has changed size, or has just been created. //We need to use the window dimensions to set the viewport and the projection matrix. void ChangeSize(int w, int h) { glViewport(0,0,w,h); } //Called to draw the scene. void RenderScene(void) { //Clear the window with the current clearing color glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT|GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT); GLfloat vRed[] = {1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f}; shaderManager.UseStockShader(GLT_SHADER_IDENTITY,vRed); squareBatch.Draw(); //perform the buffer swap to display the back buffer glutSwapBuffers(); } //This function does any needed initialization on the rendering context. //This is the first opportunity to do any OpenGL related Tasks. void SetupRC() { //Blue Background glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,1.0f); shaderManager.InitializeStockShaders(); squareBatch.Begin(GL_QUADS,4); squareBatch.CopyVertexData3f(vVerts); squareBatch.End(); } //Respond to arrow keys by moving the camera frame of reference void SpecialKeys(int key,int x,int y) { GLfloat stepSize = 0.025f; GLfloat blockSize = 0.5f; GLfloat blockX = vVerts[0]; //Upper left X GLfloat blockY = vVerts[7]; // Upper left Y if(key == GLUT_KEY_UP) { blockY += stepSize; } if(key == GLUT_KEY_DOWN){blockY -= stepSize;} if(key == GLUT_KEY_LEFT){blockX -= stepSize;} if(key == GLUT_KEY_RIGHT){blockX += stepSize;} //Recalculate vertex positions vVerts[0] = blockX; vVerts[1] = blockY - blockSize*2; vVerts[3] = blockX + blockSize * 2; vVerts[4] = blockY - blockSize *2; vVerts[6] = blockX+blockSize*2; vVerts[7] = blockY; vVerts[9] = blockX; vVerts[10] = blockY; squareBatch.CopyVertexData3f(vVerts); glutPostRedisplay(); } //Main entry point for GLUT based programs int main(int argc, char** argv) { //Sets the working directory. Not really needed gltSetWorkingDirectory(argv[0]); //Passes along the command-line parameters and initializes the GLUT library. glutInit(&argc,argv); //Tells the GLUT library what type of display mode to use, when creating the window. //Double buffered window, RGBA-Color mode,depth-buffer as part of our display, stencil buffer also available glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_RGBA|GLUT_DEPTH|GLUT_STENCIL); //Window size glutInitWindowSize(800,600); glutCreateWindow("MoveRect"); glutReshapeFunc(ChangeSize); glutDisplayFunc(RenderScene); glutSpecialFunc(SpecialKeys); //initialize GLEW library GLenum err = glewInit(); //Check that nothing goes wrong with the driver initialization before we try and do any rendering. if(GLEW_OK != err) { fprintf(stderr,"Glew Error: %s\n",glewGetErrorString); return 1; } SetupRC(); glutMainLoop(); return 0; }

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• Cross-platform builds with OGRE3D via CMake. Any tips?

  - by frarees

  I've been trying to compile a simple project for both OSX and Windows platforms, using OGRE3D, but I've got some problems on the way. I'm using CMake to create my platform specific project files (VS solution & Xcode project). Some problems I found are: OGRE3D source is distributed in 2 flavors, Windows sources and UNIX/OSX sources. In OSX, compiling dependencies (freetype, FreeImage and specially OIS) is such a pain. I don't know how to handle precompiled dependencies (they exist for both Win & Mac). May sound like a noob question, but I would appreciate some tips on this. Resources, forum posts, anything. There exists any "cross-platform base project for OGRE3D" on the net? Would be really helpful if someone who already managed to do this can bring some light. Btw, I'm not basing the project on OGRE3D, it's just that is the biggest library I'm probably using, so I depend a lot on it. Thanks in advantage!

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• Keeping the meshes "thickness" the same when scaling an object

  - by user1806687

  I've been bashing my head for the past couple of weeks trying to find a way to help me accomplish, on first look very easy task. So, I got this one object currently made out of 5 cuboids (2 sides, 1 top, 1 bottom, 1 back), this is just for an example, later on there will be whole range of different set ups. Now, the thing is when the user chooses to scale the whole object this is what should happen: X scale: top and bottom cuboids should get scaled by a scale factor, sides should get moved so they are positioned just like they were before(in this case at both ends of top and bottom cuboids), back should get scaled so it fits like before(if I simply scale it by a scale factor it will leave gaps on each side). Y scale: sides should get scaled by a scale factor, top and bottom cuboid should get moved, and back should also get scaled. Z scale: sides, top and bottom cuboids should get scaled, back should get moved. Hope you can help, EDIT: So, I've decided to explain the situation once more, this time more detailed(hopefully). I've also made some pictures of how the scaling should look like, where is the problem and the wrong way of scaling. I this example I will be using a thick walled box, with one face missing, where each wall is made by a cuboid(but later on there will be diffrent shapes of objects, where a one of the face might be roundish, or triangle or even under some angle), scaling will be 2x on X axis. 1.This is how the default object without any scaling applied looks like: http://img856.imageshack.us/img856/4293/defaulttz.png 2.If I scale the whole object(all of the meshes) by some scale factor, the problem becomes that the "thickness" of the object walls also change(which I do not want): http://img822.imageshack.us/img822/9073/wrongwaytoscale.png 3.This is how the correct scaling should look like. Appropriate faces gets caled in this case where the scale is on X axis(top, bottom, back): http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/163/rightwayxscale1.png/ 4.But the scale factor might not be the same for all object all of the times. In this case the back has to get scaled a bit more or it leaves gaps: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/9/problemwhenscaling.png/ 5.If everything goes well this is how the final object should look like: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/856/rightwayxscale2.png/ So, as you have might noticed there are quite a bit of things to look out when scaling. I am asking you, if any of you have any idea on how to accomplish this scaling. I have tried whole bunch of things, from scaling all of the object by the same scale factor, to subtracting and adding sizes to get the right size. But nothing I tried worked, if one mesh got scaled correctly then others didnt. Donwload the example object. English is not my first language, so I am really sorry if its hard to understand what I am saying.

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• Vertex data split into separate buffers or one one structure?

  - by kiba2

  Is it better to have all vertex data in one structure like this: class MyVertex { int x,y,z; int u,v; int normalx, normaly, normalz; } Or to have each component (location, normal, texture coordinates) in separate arrays/buffers? To me it always seemed logical to keep the data grouped together in one structure because they'd always be the same for each instance of a shared vertex and that seems to be true for things like character models (ex: the normal should be an average of adjacent normals for smooth lighting). One instance where this doesn't seem to work is other kinds of meshes like say a cube where the texture coordinates for each may be the same but that causes them to be different where the vertices are shared. Does everybody normally keep them separate? Won't this make them less space efficient if there needs to be an instance of texture coordinates and normals for each triangle vertex (They won't be indexed)? Can OpenGL even handle this mixing of indexed (for location) vs non-indexed buffers in the same VBO?

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• String on a model

  - by alecnash

  I am trying to put a sting on a Model and I want it to be dynamic. Did some research and came up with drawing the text on the texture and then set it on the model. I use something like this: public static Texture2D SpriteFontTextToTexture(SpriteFont font, string text, Color backgroundColor, Color textColor) { Size = font.MeasureString(text); RenderTarget2D renderTarget = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, (int)Size.X, (int)Size.Y); GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(renderTarget); GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Transparent); Spritbatch.Begin(); //have to redo the ColorTexture Spritbatch.Draw(ColorTexture.Create(GraphicsDevice, 1024, 1024, backgroundColor), Vector2.Zero, Color.White); Spritbatch.DrawString(font, text, Vector2.Zero, textColor); Spritbatch.End(); GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); return renderTarget; } When I was working with primitives and not models everything worked fine because I set the texture exactly where I wanted but with the model (RoundedRect 3d button) it looks like that: Is there a way to have the text centered only on one side?

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• Sprite animation problem

  - by hustlerinc

  I have this sprite I have to animate. The sprite is 7 images total but animation is 10 frames (2 positions are repeated). The order I want to go through the frames is like this: 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1 - 0 - 2. My problem is how can I skip 1 frame once I reach the end of each direction? The reason I want to skip is to save me from creating duplicate positions in the spritesheet. I'm doing this in Javascript.

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• Threads slowing down application and not working properly

  - by Belgin

  I'm making a software renderer which does per-polygon rasterization using a floating point digital differential analyzer algorithm. My idea was to create two threads for rasterization and have them work like so: one thread draws each even scanline in a polygon and the other thread draws each odd scanline, and they both start working at the same time, but the main application waits for both of them to finish and then pauses them before continuing with other computations. As this is the first time I'm making a threaded application, I'm not sure if the following method for thread synchronization is correct: First of all, I use two global variables to control the two threads, if a global variable is set to 1, that means the thread can start working, otherwise it must not work. This is checked by the thread running an infinite loop and if it detects that the global variable has changed its value, it does its job and then sets the variable back to 0 again. The main program also uses an empty while to check when both variables become 0 after setting them to 1. Second, each thread is assigned a global structure which contains information about the triangle that is about to be rasterized. The structures are filled in by the main program before setting the global variables to 1. My dilemma is that, while this process works under some conditions, it slows down the program considerably, and also it fails to run properly when compiled for Release in Visual Studio, or when compiled with any sort of -O optimization with gcc (i.e. nothing on screen, even SEGFAULTs). The program isn't much faster by default without threads, which you can see for yourself by commenting out the #define THREADS directive, but if I apply optimizations, it becomes much faster (especially with gcc -Ofast -march=native). N.B. It might not compile with gcc because of fscanf_s calls, but you can replace those with the usual fscanf, if you wish to use gcc. Because there is a lot of code, too much for here or pastebin, I created a git repository where you can view it. My questions are: Why does adding these two threads slow down my application? Why doesn't it work when compiling for Release or with optimizations? Can I speed up the application with threads? If so, how? Thanks in advance.

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• Cube rotation DX10

  - by German

  Well I'm reading the Frank's Luna DirectX10 book and, while I'm trying to understand the first demo, I found something that's not very clear at least for me. In the updateScene method, when I press A, S, W or D, the angles mTheta and mPhi change, but after that, there are three lines of code that I don't understand exactly what they do: // Convert Spherical to Cartesian coordinates: mPhi measured from +y // and mTheta measured counterclockwise from -z. float x = 5.0f*sinf(mPhi)*sinf(mTheta); float z = -5.0f*sinf(mPhi)*cosf(mTheta); float y = 5.0f*cosf(mPhi); I mean, this explains that they do, it says that it converts the spherical coordinates to cartesian coordinates, but, mathematically, why? why the x value is calculated by the product of the sins of both angles? And the z by the product of the sine and cosine? and why the y just uses the cosine? After that, those values (x, y and z) are used to build the view matrix. The book doesn't explain (mathematically) why those values are calculated like that (and I didn't find anything to help me to understand it at the first Part of the book: "Mathematical prerequisites"), so it would be good if someone could explain me what exactly happen in those code lines or just give me a link that helps me to understand the math part. Thanks in advance!

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• Inventory Item Exist checker

  - by Annalyne

  I have a question regarding declaring my inventory. I made it a string named inventory, with a constant number as its max value. The thing is, I want the user to use an item if he / she gains an item. The problem is, I do not know what syntax should I use to determine if the user has an item and use that item. Here's my code I just started: so declaring the inventory: const int MAX_ITEMS = 15; string game_inventory [MAX_ITEMS]; int itemnum = 0; I have some items like potion, antidote, gems and others. I use the: game_inventory[itemnum++] = "Potion" to place items in my inventory. If I want to use the potion, IF I HAVE one, how can i make a function to check whether I have a potion or anything and use it?

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• Drawing a line using openGL does not work

  - by vikasm

  I am a beginner in OpenGL and tried to write my first program to draw some points and a line. I can see that the window opens with white background but no line is drawn. I was expecting to see red colored (because glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);) dots (pixels) and line. But nothing is seen. Here is my code. void init2D(float r, float g, float b) { glClearColor(r,g,b,0.0); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); gluOrtho2D(0.0, 200.0, 0.0, 150.0); } void display() { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); glBegin(GL_POINTS); for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { glVertex2i(10+5*i, 110); } glEnd(); //draw a line glBegin(GL_LINES); glVertex2i(10,10); glVertex2i(100,100); glEnd(); glFlush(); } int main(int argc, char** argv) { //Initialize Glut glutInit(&argc, argv); //setup some memory buffers for our display glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB); //set the window size glutInitWindowSize(500, 500); //create the window with the title 'points and lines' glutCreateWindow("Points and Lines"); init2D(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutMainLoop(); } I wanted to verify that the glcontext was opening properly and used this code: int main(int argc, char **argv) { glutInit(&argc, argv); //setup some memory buffers for our display glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB); //set the window size glutInitWindowSize(500, 500); //create the window with the title 'points and lines' glutCreateWindow("Points and Lines"); char *GL_version=(char *)glGetString(GL_VERSION); puts(GL_version); char *GL_vendor=(char *)glGetString(GL_VENDOR); puts(GL_vendor); char *GL_renderer=(char *)glGetString(GL_RENDERER); puts(GL_renderer); getchar(); return 0; } And the ouput I got was: 3.1.0 - Build 8.15.10.2345 Intel Intel(R) HD Graphics Family Can someone point out what I am doing wrong ? Thanks.

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• Enemies don't shoot. What is wrong? [closed]

  - by Bryan

  I want that every enemy shoots independently bullets. If an enemy’s bullet left the screen, the enemy can shoot a new bullet. Not earlier. But for the moment, the enemies don't shoot. Not a single bullet. I guess their is something wrong with my Enemy class, but I can't find a bug and I get no error message. What is wrong? public class Map { Texture2D myEnemy, myBullet ; Player Player; List<Enemy> enemieslist = new List<Enemy>(); List<Bullet> bulletslist = new List<Bullet>(); float fNextEnemy = 0.0f; float fEnemyFreq = 3.0f; int fMaxEnemy = 3 ; Vector2 Startposition = new Vector2(200, 200); GraphicsDeviceManager graphicsDevice; public Map(GraphicsDeviceManager device) { graphicsDevice = device; } public void Load(ContentManager content) { myEnemy = content.Load<Texture2D>("enemy"); myBullet = content.Load<Texture2D>("bullet"); Player = new Player(graphicsDevice); Player.Load(content); } public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { Player.Update(gameTime); float delta = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; for(int i = enemieslist.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { // Update Enemy Enemy enemy = enemieslist[i]; enemy.Update(gameTime, this.graphicsDevice, Player.playershape.Position, delta); // Try to remove an enemy if (enemy.Remove == true) { enemieslist.Remove(enemy); enemy.Remove = false; } } this.fNextEnemy += delta; //New enemy if (fMaxEnemy > 0) { if ((this.fNextEnemy >= fEnemyFreq) && (enemieslist.Count < 3)) { Vector2 enemyDirection = Vector2.Normalize(Player.playershape.Position - Startposition) * 100f; enemieslist.Add(new Enemy(Startposition, enemyDirection, Player.playershape.Position)); fMaxEnemy -= 1; fNextEnemy -= fEnemyFreq; } } } public void Draw(SpriteBatch batch) { Player.Draw(batch); foreach (Enemy enemies in enemieslist) { enemies.Draw(batch, myEnemy); } foreach (Bullet bullets in bulletslist) { bullets.Draw(batch, myBullet); } } } public class Enemy { List<Bullet> bulletslist = new List<Bullet>(); private float nextShot = 0; private float shotFrequency = 2.0f; Vector2 vPos; Vector2 vMove; Vector2 vPlayer; public bool Remove; public bool Shot; public Enemy(Vector2 Pos, Vector2 Move, Vector2 Player) { this.vPos = Pos; this.vMove = Move; this.vPlayer = Player; this.Remove = false; this.Shot = false; } public void Update(GameTime gameTime, GraphicsDeviceManager graphics, Vector2 PlayerPos, float delta) { nextShot += delta; for (int i = bulletslist.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { // Update Bullet Bullet bullets = bulletslist[i]; bullets.Update(gameTime, graphics, delta); // Try to remove a bullet... Collision, hit, or outside screen. if (bullets.Remove == true) { bulletslist.Remove(bullets); bullets.Remove = false; } } if (nextShot >= shotFrequency) { this.Shot = true; nextShot -= shotFrequency; } // Does the enemy shot? if ((Shot == true) && (bulletslist.Count < 1)) // New bullet { Vector2 bulletDirection = Vector2.Normalize(PlayerPos - this.vPos) * 200f; bulletslist.Add(new Bullet(this.vPos, bulletDirection, PlayerPos)); Shot = false; } if (!Remove) { this.vMove = Vector2.Normalize(PlayerPos - this.vPos) * 100f; this.vPos += this.vMove * delta; if (this.vPos.X > graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth + 1) { this.Remove = true; } else if (this.vPos.X < -20) { this.Remove = true; } if (this.vPos.Y > graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight + 1) { this.Remove = true; } else if (this.vPos.Y < -20) { this.Remove = true; } } } public void Draw(SpriteBatch batch, Texture2D myTexture) { if (!Remove) { batch.Draw(myTexture, this.vPos, Color.White); } } } public class Bullet { Vector2 vPos; Vector2 vMove; Vector2 vPlayer; public bool Remove; public Bullet(Vector2 Pos, Vector2 Move, Vector2 Player) { this.Remove = false; this.vPos = Pos; this.vMove = Move; this.vPlayer = Player; } public void Update(GameTime gameTime, GraphicsDeviceManager graphics, float delta) { if (!Remove) { this.vPos += this.vMove * delta; if (this.vPos.X > graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth +1) { this.Remove = true; } else if (this.vPos.X < -20) { this.Remove = true; } if (this.vPos.Y > graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight +1) { this.Remove = true; } else if (this.vPos.Y < -20) { this.Remove = true; } } } public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch, Texture2D myTexture) { if (!Remove) { spriteBatch.Draw(myTexture, this.vPos, Color.White); } } }

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• ArrayList of Entites Random Movement

  - by opiop65

  I have an arraylist of entites that I want to move randomly. No matter what I do, they won't move. Here is my female class: import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Rectangle; import java.util.Random; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; public class Female extends Entity { static int femaleX = 0; static int femaleY = 0; double walkSpeed = .1f; Random rand = new Random(); int random; int dir; Player player; public Female(int posX, int posY) { super(posX, posY); } public void update() { posX += femaleX; posY += femaleY; } public void draw(Graphics2D g2d) { g2d.drawImage(getFemaleImg(), posX, posY, null); if (Player.showBounds == true) { g2d.draw(getBounds()); } } public Image getFemaleImg() { ImageIcon ic = new ImageIcon("res/female.png"); return ic.getImage(); } public Rectangle getBounds() { return new Rectangle(posX, posY, getFemaleImg().getHeight(null), getFemaleImg().getWidth(null)); } public void moveFemale() { random = rand.nextInt(3); System.out.println(random); if (random == 0) { dir = 0; posX -= (int) walkSpeed; } } } And here is how I update the female class in the main class: public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) { player.update(); for(int i = 0; i < females.size(); i++){ Female tempFemale = females.get(i); tempFemale.update(); } repaint(); } If I do something like this(in the female update method): public void update() { posX += femaleX; posY += femaleY; posX -= walkSpeed; } The characters move with no problem. Why is this?

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• while(true) and loop-breaking - anti-pattern?

  - by KeithS

  Consider the following code: public void doSomething(int input) { while(true) { TransformInSomeWay(input); if(ProcessingComplete(input)) break; DoSomethingElseTo(input); } } Assume that this process involves a finite but input-dependent number of steps; the loop is designed to terminate on its own as a result of the algorithm, and is not designed to run indefinitely (until cancelled by an outside event). Because the test to see if the loop should end is in the middle of a logical set of steps, the while loop itself currently doesn't check anything meaningful; the check is instead performed at the "proper" place within the conceptual algorithm. I was told that this is bad code, because it is more bug-prone due to the ending condition not being checked by the loop structure. It's more difficult to figure out how you'd exit the loop, and could invite bugs as the breaking condition might be bypassed or omitted accidentally given future changes. Now, the code could be structured as follows: public void doSomething(int input) { TransformInSomeWay(input); while(!ProcessingComplete(input)) { DoSomethingElseTo(input); TransformInSomeWay(input); } } However, this duplicates a call to a method in code, violating DRY; if TransformInSomeWay were later replaced with some other method, both calls would have to be found and changed (and the fact that there are two may be less obvious in a more complex piece of code). You could also write it like: public void doSomething(int input) { var complete = false; while(!complete) { TransformInSomeWay(input); complete = ProcessingComplete(input); if(!complete) { DoSomethingElseTo(input); } } } ... but you now have a variable whose only purpose is to shift the condition-checking to the loop structure, and also has to be checked multiple times to provide the same behavior as the original logic. For my part, I say that given the algorithm this code implements in the real world, the original code is the most readable. If you were going through it yourself, this is the way you'd think about it, and so it would be intuitive to people familiar with the algorithm. So, which is "better"? is it better to give the responsibility of condition checking to the while loop by structuring the logic around the loop? Or is it better to structure the logic in a "natural" way as indicated by requirements or a conceptual description of the algorithm, even though that may mean bypassing the loop's built-in capabilities?

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• C# Collision Math Help

  - by user36037

  I am making my own collision detection in MonoGame. I have a PolyLine class That has a property to return the normal of that PolyLine instance. I have a ConvexPolySprite class that has a List LineSegments. I hav a CircleSprite class that has a Center Property and a Radius Property. I am using a static class for the collision detection method. I am testing it on a single line segment. Vector2(200,0) = Vector2(300, 200) The problem is it detects the collision anywhere along the path of line out into space. I cannot figure out why. Thanks in advance; public class PolyLine { //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Class Properties /// <summary> /// Property for the upper left-hand corner of the owner of this instance /// </summary> public Vector2 ParentPosition { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Relative start point of the line segment /// </summary> public Vector2 RelativeStartPoint { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Relative end point of the line segment /// </summary> public Vector2 RelativeEndPoint { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Property that gets the absolute position of the starting point of the line segment /// </summary> public Vector2 AbsoluteStartPoint { get { return ParentPosition + RelativeStartPoint; } }//end of AbsoluteStartPoint /// <summary> /// Gets the absolute position of the end point of the line segment /// </summary> public Vector2 AbsoluteEndPoint { get { return ParentPosition + RelativeEndPoint; } }//end of AbsoluteEndPoint public Vector2 NormalizedLeftNormal { get { Vector2 P = AbsoluteEndPoint - AbsoluteStartPoint; P.Normalize(); float x = P.X; float y = P.Y; return new Vector2(-y, x); } }//end of NormalizedLeftNormal //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Class Constructors /// <summary> /// Sole ctor /// </summary> /// <param name="parentPosition"></param> /// <param name="relStart"></param> /// <param name="relEnd"></param> public PolyLine(Vector2 parentPosition, Vector2 relStart, Vector2 relEnd) { ParentPosition = parentPosition; RelativeEndPoint = relEnd; RelativeStartPoint = relStart; }//end of ctor }//end of PolyLine class public static bool Collided(CircleSprite circle, ConvexPolygonSprite poly) { var distance = Vector2.Dot(circle.Position - poly.LineSegments[0].AbsoluteEndPoint, poly.LineSegments[0].NormalizedLeftNormal) + circle.Radius; if (distance <= 0) { return false; } else { return true; } }//end of collided

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• Why is my collision detection not accurate?

  - by optimisez

  After trying and trying, I still cannot understand why the leg of character exceeds the wall but no clipping issue when I hit the wall from below. How should I fix it to make him stand still on the wall? From collideWithBox() function below, it shows that playerDest.Y = boxDest.Y - boxDest.height; will get the position the character should standstill on the wall. Theoretically, the clipping effect won't be happen as the character hit the box from below works with the equation playerDest.Y = boxDest.Y + boxDest.height;. void collideWithBox() { if ( spriteCollide(playerDest, boxDest) && keyArr[VK_UP]) //playerDest.Y += 50; playerDest.Y = boxDest.Y + boxDest.height; else if ( spriteCollide(playerDest, boxDest) && !keyArr[VK_UP]) playerDest.Y = boxDest.Y - boxDest.height; } void initPlayer() { // Create texture. hr = D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(d3dDevice, "player.png", 169, 44, D3DX_DEFAULT, NULL, D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255), NULL, NULL, &player); playerRect.left = playerRect.top = 0; playerRect.right = 29; playerRect.bottom = 36; playerDest.X = 0; playerDest.Y = 564; playerDest.length = playerRect.right - playerRect.left; playerDest.height = playerRect.bottom - playerRect.top; } void initBox() { hr = D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(d3dDevice, "brock.png", 330, 132, D3DX_DEFAULT, NULL, D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255), NULL, NULL, &box); boxRect.left = 33; boxRect.top = 0; boxRect.right = 63; boxRect.bottom = 30; boxDest.X = boxDest.Y = 300; boxDest.length = boxRect.right - boxRect.left; boxDest.height = boxRect.bottom - boxRect.top; } bool spriteCollide(Entity player, Entity target) { float left1, left2; float right1, right2; float top1, top2; float bottom1, bottom2; left1 = player.X; left2 = target.X; right1 = player.X + player.length; right2 = target.X + target.length; top1 = player.Y; top2 = target.Y; bottom1 = player.Y + player.height; bottom2 = target.Y + target.height; if (bottom1 < top2) return false; if (top1 > bottom2) return false; if (right1 < left2) return false; if (left1 > right2) return false; return true; }

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• Pathfinding in Warcraft 1

  - by Valmond

  Dijkstra and A* are all nice and popular but what kind of algorithm was used in Warcraft 1 for pathfinding? I remember that the enemy could get trapped in bowl-like caverns which means there were (most probably) no full-path calculations from "start to end". If I recall correctly, the algorithm could be something like this: A) Move towards enemy until success or hitting a wall B) If blocked by a wall, follow the wall until you can move towards the enemy without being blocked and then do A) But I'd like to know, if someone knows :-)

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• Restrict movement within a radius

  - by Phil

  I asked a similar question recently but now I think I know more about what I really want to know. I can answer my own question if I get to understand this bit. I have a situation where a sprite's center point needs to be constrained within a certain boundary in 2d space. The boundary is circular so the sprite is constrained within a radius. This radius is defined as a distance from the center of a certain point. I know the position of the center point and I can track the center position of the sprite. This is the code to detect the distance: float distance = Vector2.Distance(centerPosition, spritePosition)); if (distance > allowedDistance) { } The positions can be wherever on the grid, they are not described as in between -1 or 1. So basically the detecting code works, it only prints when the sprite is outside of it's boundary I just don't know what to do when it oversteps. Please explain any math used as I really want to understand what you're thinking to be able to elaborate on it myself.

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• How to decompose a rectangular shape in a Voronoi diagram, only generating convex shapes?

  - by DevilWithin

  I think this is a very straighforward question, lets say i have a building in 2D, a rectangle shape. Now i want to decompose that area in a lot of convex shapes, as seen in a voronoi diagram, or closely like it, just so I can add those shapes to the physics engine, and have a realistic destruction. Bonus: Possible suggestions on how to make the effect more dynamic and interesting. Please keep in mind we re talking about realtime calculations..

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• Android Dynamic 2D Map

  - by Deltharis

  My problem is, I want to create a 2D tiled map. Yes, I know it's been asked a lot. I've seen answers that propose the use of tiled however it only allows (or so it seems to me) to generate static maps that do not change once generated. And I need a large empty uniform space of empty tiles, upon which players may place various buildings (some spanning more than one tile and logically being the same one). How to approach this in Android? Do I make some kind of TableLayout, use arbitrarly large amount of rows and imageviews (with my emptyTile), than somehow work event-based changing of image ids from there? I'd think that only a portion of that map should be visible at a time, but I don't see how scrolling around could be the part of that structure.

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• Achieve anisotropic filtering

  - by fedab

  I want to set anisotropic filtering to my scene. I use SharpDX (DirectX 11) and C#. How do i set up anisotropic filtering in my shader? Currently i try that in the shader: Texture2D tex; sampler textureSampler = sampler_state { Texture = (tex); MipFilter = Anisotropic; MagFilter = Anisotropic; MinFilter = Anisotropic; MaxAnisotropy = 16; }; float4 PShader(float4 position : SV_POSITION, float4 color:COLOR, float2 tex0 : TEXCOORD0) : SV_TARGET { float4 textureColor; textureColor = tex.Sample(textureSampler, tex0) * color; return textureColor; } I get my object, textured, but it is not filtered anisotropic. I can write everything in the Parameters, even invalid things and i don't get any errors. The result is the same, objects without applied anisotropic filtering. Do i have to set that in the shader? Can i do that also with SamplerState? I tested that but i didn't get a result too. Some steps what i have to set would be helpful.

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• Working with lots of cubes. Improving performance?

  - by Randomman159

  Edit: To sum the question up, I have a voxel based world (Minecraft style (Thanks Communist Duck)) which is suffering from poor performance. I am not positive on the source but would like any possible advice on how to get rid of it. I am working on a project where a world consists of a large quantity of cubes (I would give you a number, but it is user defined worlds). My test one is around (48 x 32 x 48) blocks. Basically these blocks don't do anything in themselves. They just sit there. They start being used when it comes to player interaction. I need to check what cubes the users mouse interacts with (mouse over, clicking, etc.), and for collision detecting as the player moves. Now I had a massive amount of lag at first, looping through every block. I have managed to decrease that lag, by looping through all the blocks, and finding which blocks are within a particular range of the character, and then only looping through those blocks for the collision detection, etc. However, I am still going at a depressing 2fps. Does anyone have any other ideas on how I could decrease this lag? Btw, I am using XNA (C#) and yes, it is 3d.

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• Java ResourceLoader.getResourceAsStream local resource

  - by Dajgoro Labinac

  Before using lwjgl, i used the Graphic method, and there i displayed imageicons, and i had the picture file located in the resources. I used: ImageIcon tcard = new ImageIcon(this.getClass().getResource("RCA.png")); to load the image. Now when i load textures in lwjgl, i have to use absolute paths to locate the file: tcard = TextureLoader.getTexture("PNG", ResourceLoader.getResourceAsStream("C:/RCA.png")); I tried googling, but i didn't find anything helpful... How can i load the image from the local resources like in the first example?

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