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  • why my server has a dir named "?"

    - by liuxingruo
    These are all the dirs in my server: ? bin boot dev etc home lib lost+found media media2 misc mnt net opt proc root sbin selinux srv sys tmp usr var why there is a "?" dir? Thanks very much. BTW: the touch command was found on my server(wiered). I list the bin dir: alsacard cp dd env hostname loadkeys more ps sed tcptraceroute alsaunmute cpio df ex igawk loadkeys.static mount pwd setfont traceroute6 arch csh dmesg false ipcalc logger mountpoint raw setserial tracert awk cut dnsdomainname fgrep kbd_mode login mv red sh view basename date doexec gawk keyctl ls netstat redhat_lsb_init sleep ypdomainname bash dbus-cleanup-sockets domainname gettext kill mail nice rm sort cat dbus-daemon dumpkeys grep ksh mailx nisdomainname rmdir stty chgrp dbus-monitor echo gtar ksh93 mkdir pgawk rpm su chmod dbus-send ed gunzip link mknod ping rvi sync chown dbus-uuidgen egrep gzip ln mktemp ping6 rview tar touch is missing, how can i get it back?

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  • Webserver security, intrusion detection, and file intregrity

    - by enfield
    I would like to add some type of tracking / alerting on some linux webservers running PHP and Apache. In doing searches I have come across a lot of info from 2006-2009. Would like to revisit things and see what others are doing now. The main purpose here is to track when any files are changed and if so alert me somehow. The same goes for IDS and hopefully something that can reside on same server? Since some of these are small scale projects I would prefer opensource/free solutions that are really effective. Although I would still like to hear of other alternatives if someone has the experience and the cost can be justified.

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  • What is the correct term for the number of bits used by an operating system

    - by benc
    Recently, some discussions came up about 32 bit vs. 64 bit implementations of operating systems. While I was composing a message about this topic, I realized that I did not know if there was a correct term for the number of bits supported by an operating system. For example, various versions of Solaris and Linux have 32bit and 64bit releases. Is the distinction "architecture"? In my experience, that has referred to chip types (Intel vs. PPC). Is it a "release"? Typically, I think of a release as a version number a consistent feature set, that might run on different architectures. Maybe it is just "architecture", after all, even though a chip family might have used several different bit sizes over time, the chips themselves are different when you jump from 32bit to 64bit.

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  • Stop a particular key getting captured by rdesktop

    - by user18151
    Hello, I want F12 to be not capture by my rdesktop while in fullscreen, so that I can do whatever stuff I'm doing on my remote Windows computer, but pressing F12 would bring down yakuake, and I can type down my commands, or use vim etc for whatever I'm doing. Is there any possible way to do this? I tried playing with keymaps, but that didn't help. I set F12 to inhibit, but that seems to have stopped sending F12 altogether, rather than let gnome catch it and let yakuake pop up. Would be really grateful for answers. I am ready to do my homework, if someone could please just give me pointers etc. Thanks :). Sidenote: My current arranement stems from my large monitor in lab, and small personal laptop monitor, and the laptop has Windows 7. My lab computer has Linux, on which I do my coding work.

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  • What is the EGG environment variable?

    - by Randall
    A user on our (openSuSE) linux systems attempted to run sudo, and triggered an alert. He has the environment variable EGG set - EGG=UH211åH1ÒH»ÿ/bin/shHÁSH211çH1ÀPWH211æ°;^O^Ej^A_j<X^O^EÉÃÿ This looks unusual to say the least. Is EGG a legitimate environment variable? (I've found some references to PYTHON_EGG_CACHE - could be related? But that environment variable isn't set for this user). If it's legit, then I imagine this group has the best chance of recognizing it. Or, given the embedded /bin/sh in the string above, does anyone recognize this as an exploit fingerprint? It wouldn't be the first time we had a cracked account (sigh).

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  • nginx: php-fastcgi running but php files not executing

    - by Daniel
    I have recently set up a nginx server with PHP running as FastCGI process. The server is running with HTML files however PHP files are downloading instead of displaying and PHP code is not processed. This is what I have in nginx.conf: server { listen 80; server_name pubserver; location ~ \.php$ { root /usr/share/nginx/html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } The command netstat -tulpn | grep :9000 displays the following which indicates php-fastcgi is running and listening on port 9000: tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2663/php-cgi If it's if any importance my server is running on CentOS 6 and I installed nginx and PHP using the repositories from The Fedora Project.

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  • WINEHQ - wine_gecko won't init - HTML Rendering disabled

    - by Nick
    Hello Super Users, I'm currently trying to get a windows compiled program to work through Wine to run on Linux and MacOSX. When I run the program through wine, it prompts me to install Gecko which I do. Later on in the program, it attempts to use MSHTML to render HTML but I get these error messages on my console instead. err:mshtml:init_xpcom NS_InitXPCOM2 failed: 80004005 err:mshtml:HTMLDocument_Create Failed to init Gecko, returning CLASS_E_CLASSNOTAVAILABLE fixme:ole:CoCreateInstance no instance created for interface {00000000-0000-0000-c000-000000000046} of class {25336920-03f9-11cf-8fd0-00aa00686f13}, hres is 0x80040111 I'm using Wine 1.1.34 and a similar bug was supposedly fixed in 1.1.33 http://bugs.winehq.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12578 I've been at this all afternoon, is there anything I'm missing? Thanks, Nick

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  • Compiling to a binary from source

    - by Chords
    I'm using WKHTMLTOPDF on a 64-bit Linux server and I'm running into problems with the version. Seen here: http://code.google.com/p/wkhtmltopdf/downloads/list There's slim pickins when it comes to pre-compiled binaries. I started with version 0.9.9 which has a few bugs. I upgraded to 0.11.0 RC 1 to find a slew of new problems, namely the following: http://code.google.com/p/wkhtmltopdf/issues/detail?id=730 I think 0.10 RC 2 would work, and the thread above suggests compiling from the source has a fix for the error I'm getting, but I don't know how to do that. Can anyone explain how I can create a static binary myself, or would anyone be willing to create and post one for the countless people waiting for this fix?

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  • Monit wont start/stop any processes

    - by Vaughan Magnusson
    Hi, I've got monit running on a linux vserver, installed in a custom location /home/user/bin/monit as that is the only suitable location according to the webhost providers. When I installed monit I used ./configure --prefix=/home/user Monit itself runs, and sends me emails of it's activity, and the control file syntax is correct. However, monit cannot seem to start or stop anything - or even run the simplest of scripts. eg. Using 'monit stop all', I try to run the following stop command stop = "/bin/bash /home/user/simple_script.sh" Which fails (and says so in the log). I cant figure out why this is failing, can anyone help with this?

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  • How can I log all traffic with its exact length?

    - by Legate
    I want to process all packets with their size going through our gateway server (running Debian 4.0). My idea is to use tcpdump, but I have two questions. The command I'm currently thinking of is tcpdump -i iface -n -t -q. Is it guaranteed that tcpdump will process all packets? What happens if the CPU is working to full capacity? The format of the output lines is IP ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd.port > ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd.port: tcp 1260. What exactly is 1260? I have the suspicion that it is the payload in bytes of the packet, which would be exactly what I need, but I'm not sure. It might be the TCP Window Size. Or perhaps there is an even better way of doing this? I thought about a LOG rule in iptables, but tcpdump seems easier and I don't know whether iptables can log the packet lengths.

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  • Unable to bring back terminal launcher in fedora

    - by Sandeepan Nath
    Our office housing keeping guy sat on my linux (Fedora 7) system and somehow removed the main panel. By panel I mean where all the menus are there - Applications, Places, System etc. and contains a tab for every running application. I brought back the panel but now I don't see the terminal launcher and I can't find it anywhere. It used to be there in "Applications - System Tools - Terminal" but now the System Tools option itself is not present there. System - Preferences - Look and Feel - Main Menu. There one System option is unchecked but I can't check it and apply. I am logged in as root. How do I bring it back? Please help. This is very irritating and weird. That guy doesn't even know what he has done so no use of asking him. :)

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  • clam anti-virus is slowing down my server performance significantly

    - by Scarface
    Hey guys, I just installed clam av http://sourceforge.net/projects/php-clamav/ for scanning file uploads on my linux VPN running php. The problem is that for some reason just initiating the extension in the php ini file slows down my entire network. Regular requests such as changing pages that should take less than 1 second take 5. Has anyone ever experienced this before or have a good virus scanning alternative for scanning file uploads? extension=clamav.so [clamav] clamav.dbpath="/usr/share/clamav" clamav.keeptmp=20 clamav.maxreclevel=16 clamav.maxfiles=10000 clamav.maxfilesize=26214400 clamav.maxscansize=104857600 clamav.keeptmp=0

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  • Using NOPASSWD for specific commands in sudoers file, PASSWD for all others

    - by jberryman
    I would like to configure sudo such that users can run some specific commands without entering a password (for convenience) and can run all other commands by entering a password. This is what I have, but this does not work; a password is always required: Defaults env_reset Defaults timestamp_timeout = 1 root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL # Allow members of group sudo to execute any command %sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/pm-suspend, /usr/bin/apt-get, PASSWD: ALL #includedir /etc/sudoers.d Note that this is a debian system which uses this adding users to the "sudo" group method. Thanks.

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  • What's the best way to mitigate NFS and sudo?

    - by user225874
    Quick background: We have 40 workstations running Linux. NFS is used extensively for bulk data storage and home directories. This allows users to roam freely will relatively transparent file systems. This is an educational environment where postdocs and students have successfully pulled off a coup of sorts. All have gained root on their individual workstations by grooming a technophobic PI who thinks IT people are evil. If I so much as suggest chroot or sudo restrictions, I'll find myself working out of a broom closet. With that in mind, what's the best way to mitigate something like this below? $ hostname workstation1 $ whoami john $ sudo su jane $ whoami jane $ cp -R /home/nfs/jane /mnt/thumbdrive/

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  • Dell Dimension running Fedora12 does a "Sleeping Beauty" and I am not am not a "handsome prince"!

    - by Jim Dobbs
    Dell Dimension 2350 with a Pentium IV processor and integrated video and network chips running Fedora12 does a "Sleeping Beauty" and I, apparently, am not am not a "handsome prince"! The system puts video and network to sleep and it will not wakeup. I have heard of this problem on laptops, but this is a tower. Any ideas or help is appreciated. I tried to ping the network card from another system and ping fails. The logs indicate that the system continues to be active. Pressing keyboard short-cut keys makes the disk light blink but neither the video or network card comes alive. Failing all else, are there any Linux commands that I could schedule in cron to pulse video and network adapters hourly that will keep them awake? Or, should I wait on Fedora13? Before this machine, I built a Dimension 2400 with Pentium IV and it had the same problem. Fedora9 on the same hardware is fine.

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  • Using rsync to take backup of folder

    - by Ali
    Hi, I have a server (Linux) with NAS which is mounted as folder "mount" I have website in "public_html" folder. I want to take backup of website in mount folder automatically at certain intervals for e.g. every hour. I read that there is something called "rsync" which is used to make two folders sync. And it doesn't copy all files every time and instead matches if the file has been changed and then only update changed files. How do I use it to make automatic backups? I have root access to server. Thanks

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  • CentOS - dual boot from new partition

    - by Dima
    I need to install two copies of the CentOS 5.5 (bank A and bank B) on different partitions of the same hard disk and install grub boot loader to another partition (visible from both banks). The boot loader should redirect the boot menu to bank A or bank B (according to the configuration). The new partition is mounted to /common_partition and grub is installed on it using following command: grub-install /dev/hda In the new partition I'm created the following menu.lst file: title BOOTCONTROL REDIRECT : PLEASE WAIT root (hd0,1) configfile /boot/menu.lst boot On my setup: both partitions (bank A and bank B) are primary and grub is installed on MBR. The problem is: but the new boot loader (on common_partition) did not load. What wrong on my configuration?

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  • Import emails from Claws IMAP cache

    - by calandoa
    I am trying to import an IMAP account composed of many folders from Claws Mail internal cache. Claws is unfortunately unable to export all the folders by selecting the root account. When checking the internal Claws cache folder, each mail is a plain text file named as following: base_path/My Account/Folder ABC/1 base_path/My Account/Folder ABC/2 base_path/My Account/Folder ABC/3 base_path/My Account/Folder ABC/4 base_path/My Account/Folder DEF/1 base_path/My Account/Folder DEF/2 base_path/My Account/Folder DEF/3 base_path/My Account/Folder X/etc... I tried to import this structure with different mails reader like KMail and Balsa, but each import failed. I just would like all these mails easily accessible and readable. Which tool on Linux can I use to import such a structure?

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  • Disabling shutdown command for all users, even root - consequences?

    - by Rich
    I would like to disable the shutdown command for all users, even root, on an Ubuntu Server installation. The reason I want to do this is to ensure that I don't get into the habit of shutting down the machine in this way, as I SSH into a lot of production machines at the same time as this one, and I don't want to accidentally shutdown one of the other machines by typing the command into the wrong window. The server I want do disable shutdown on only runs inside VirtualBox on my Windows desktop, and I only use it for local testing so it is not a problem if I can't shut it down from the command line. I have already mitigated the problem a bit by ensuring I have a different password on the VirtualBox image, but obviously if I am within the sudo 'window' on one of the production machines, I could still accidentally shut it down. My questions are: How do I disable the shutdown command? If I do disable the shutdown command, are there any consequences that I should be made aware of? Most specifically, will it disable support for ACPI shutdown that is the equivalent of pressing the power button on a physical machine? Could it affect other generic applications? For information, I just use this VirtualBox image for trying out shell scripts, running Tomcat and Java, and that kind of thing.

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  • Figure out what non-symlink path would be?

    - by David Mackintosh
    On Linux, if I've cd'd around and am now in a directory, is there a way to figure out what the real path to that directory is if I had not used a symbolic link to get there? Consider: $ pwd /home/dave/tmp $ mkdir -p 1/2/3/4/5 $ ln -s 1/2/3/4/5 5 $ cd 5 $ pwd /home/dave/tmp/5 Or: $ pwd /home/dave/tmp $ mkdir -p 1/2/3/4/5 $ ln -s 1/2/3/4 4 $ cd 4/5 $ pwd /home/dave/tmp/4/5 Is there any way to figure out that /home/dave/tmp/5 is really /home/dave/1/2/3/4/5 ?

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  • Automatically encrypting incoming email

    - by user16067
    I have a small website and would like to encrypt incoming email using gpg. Is there a way to force sendmail to check email and encrypt it if its not already encrypted? I'm using GPG on a linux server. Thanks [added]Someone asked what I hope to accomplish. My intent is for the users of the email to become more familiar with seeing thier own email encrypted and losing that fear of the unknown. The side benefit is that the email can't be looked at later down the road. If the email isn't encrypted on its way in, I'm unable to do anything about it. I'm assuming most email would be nosed around with once its already on my hard drive, so GPG would protect against those issues.

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  • Keyboard layout for mathematical/Greek symbols

    - by David
    I've been wondering about this for a long time but never thought to ask: I do a lot of scientific work so there are many times it would be really handy to be able to type mathematical symbols or Greek letters which, for the most part, aren't part of the ASCII character set. Like "8 µ ? s t ? ? … v ? = = ±" and so on. Is there a keyboard layout (for Linux) that maps simple key combinations to these kinds of characters? (Assuming all the encoding and font issues are worked out properly) I know I could create one myself but it'd be a lot easier if someone's already done the work, or at least if there's a partial solution I could modify.

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  • permission denied when trying to execute a binary I burned to a CD-R

    - by user16654
    On a UBUNTU karmic machine, I burned a cd from the command prompt using: cdrecord -v speed=16 dev=0,1,0 /FPS.iso The CD now contains an executable and some files. I tested the cd by loading it onto another machine (Red Hat 5.3) and when I try to run the program I get the following message: bash: ./FPS1_1: Permission denied I can open other files like text documents (the executable also comes with shared libraries). I realized I had burned the cd as root so I burned another one as another user but I still got the same problem. How can I remove this permission or what is the problem? P.S. the image was in / if that helps

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  • How can I use my laptop's monitor as my PC's ONLY monitor? [closed]

    - by Randell
    Possible Duplicate: Can I use my laptop as a second monitor for my desk computer? My PC's monitor just died and I'm not looking at buying a new monitor anytime soon. So I'm thinking of using my laptop's monitor for it. Both machines are running on Fedora linux. Edit: Both machines are connected to the same wireless network. PC needs to log in before it can connect to the network if I'm not mistaken. Update: This is different from Can I use my laptop as a second monitor for my desk computer? , because that question is asking how to use the laptop screen as the secondary display, not as the only display.

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  • How do I install php-gd?

    - by user42577
    I've done phpinfo() to see if it was installed but I see no mention of the gd libraries anywhere. I ran this command (rpm -qa | grep php) and this is what I see: php-gd-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-mysql-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-pgsql-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-domxml-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-imap-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-mbstring-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-ncurses-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-pear-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-snmp-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-devel-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-ldap-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-odbc-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft php-xmlrpc-4.3.9-3.18.1.swsoft My server is a linux box with php5 installed. I also tried to run yum install php5-gd to no avail.What else should I do or check to get it installed?

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