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  • What is a Custom Class?

    - by John Saunders
    Many questions here on SO ask about custom classes. I, on the other hand, have no idea what they're talking about. "Custom class" seems to mean the same thing I mean when I say "class". What did I miss, back in the '80s, that keeps me from understanding? I know that it's possible to purchase a packaged system - for Accounting, ERP, or something like that. You can then customize it, or add "custom code" to make the package do things that are specific to your business. But that doesn't describe the process used in writing a .NET program. In this case, the entire purpose of the .NET Framework is to allow us to write our own code. There is nothing useful out of the box.

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  • returning values from function or method multiple times by only calling the class once

    - by Sokhrat Sikar
    I have a members.php file that shows my websites members. I echo members name by using foreach method. A method of Members class returns an array, then I use foreach loop in the members.php file to echo the members. I am trying to aovid writing php code in my members.php file. Is there a way to avoid using foreach inside members.php file? For example, is it possible to return value from a method couple of times? (by only calling the object once). Just like how we normally call the functions? This question doesn't make sense, but I am just trying to see if there is a away around this issue?

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  • How should nested components interact with model in a GUI application?

    - by fig-gnuton
    Broad design/architecture question. If you have nested components in a GUI, what's the most common way for those components to interact with data? For example, let's say a component receives a click on one of its buttons to save data. Should the save request be delegated up that component's ancestors, with the uppermost ancestor ultimately passing the request to a controller? Or are models/datastores in a GUI application typically singletons, so that a component at any level of a hierarchy can directly get/set data? Or is a controller injected as a dependency down the hierarchy of components, so that any given component is only one intermediary away from the datastore/model?

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  • What is an instance of a field called?

    - by waxwing
    This might be an odd question, but it has actually caused me some headache. In Object oriented programming, there are accepted names for key concepts. In our model, we have classes with methods and fields. Now, going to the data world: An instance of a class is called an object. An instance of a field is called... what? A value? Isn't the term value a little broad for this? I have been offered "property" as well, but isn't property also part of the model and not the data? (This is not purely academic, I am actually coding these concepts.)

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  • how to make functions global?

    - by fayer
    i'm trying to follow DRY and i've got some functions i have to reuse. i put them all as static functions in a class and want to use them in another class. what is the best way to make them available to a class. cause i can't extend the class, its already extended. should/could i use composition? what is best practice? thanks!

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  • How important is it that models be consistent across project components?

    - by RonLugge
    I have a project with two components, a server-side component and a client-side component. For various reasons, the client-side device doesn't carry a fully copy of the database around. How important is it that my models have a 1:1 correlation between the two sides? And, to extend the question to my bigger concern, are there any time-bombs I'm going to run into down the line if they don't? I'm not talking about having different information on each side, but rather the way the information is encapsulated will vary. (Obviously, storage mechanisms will also vary) The server side will store each user, each review, each 'item' with seperate tables, and create links between them to gather data as necessary. The client side shouldn't have a complete user database, however, so rather than link against the user for gathering things like 'name', I'd store that on the review. In other words... --- Server Side --- Item: +id //Store stuff about the item User: +id +Name -Password Review: +id +itemId +rating +text +userId --- Device Side --- Item: +id +AverageRating Review: +id +rating +text +userId +name User: +id +Name //Stuff The basic idea is that certain 'critical' information gets moved one level 'up'. A user gets the list of 'items' relevant to their query, with certain review-orientation moved up (i. e. average rating). If they want more info, they query the detail view for the item, and the actual reviews get queried and added to the dataset (and displayed). If they query the actual review, the review gets queried and they pick up some additional user info along the way (maybe; I'm not sure if the user would have any use for any of the additional user information). My basic concern is that I don't wan't to glut the user's bandwidth or local storage with a huge variety of information that they just don't need, even if proper database normalizations suggests that information REALLY should be stored at a 'lower' level. I've phrased this as a fairly low-level conceptual issue because that's the level I'm trying to think / worry over, but if it matters I'm creating a PHP / MySQL server that provides data for a iOS / CoreData client.

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  • Interesting OOPS puzzle

    - by user3714387
    Recently, faced the below question from one of the interviewer. Initially thought that the question was wrong, but the interviewer mentioned there is solution for this. Quite interesting. Can anyone shed light please ? Program as below. public class BaseHome { public static void main() { Console.WriteLine("A"); } } Required output : B A C Condition : Should not make any change in the Main function. Should not create any additional class. Please advice if this can be done with the condition met.

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  • Force result for empty() test on an object

    - by hsz
    Hello ! Simple class for example: class Foo { protected $_bar; public function setBar( $value ) { $this->_bar = $value; } } And here is the question: $obj = new Foo(); var_dump( empty( $obj ) ); // true $obj->setBar( 'foobar' ); var_dump( empty( $obj ) ); // false Is it possible to change class's behaviour with testing it with empty() function so it will returns true when object is not filled with data ? I know about magic function __isset( $name ) but it is called only when we test specific field like: empty( $obj->someField ); but not when test whole object.

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  • Refactoring huge if ( ... instanceof ...)

    - by Chris
    I'm currently trying to refactor a part of a project that looks like this: Many classes B extends A; C extends A; D extends C; E extends B; F extends A; ... And somewhere in the code: if (x instanceof B){ B n = (B) x; ... }else if (x instanceof C){ C n = (C) x; ... }else if (x instanceof D){ D n = (D) x; ... }else if (x instanceof E){ E n = (E) x; ... }else if (x instanceof G){ G n = (G) x; ... }... Above if-construct currently sits in a function with a CC of 19. Now my question is: Can I split this if-construct up in mutliple functions and let Java's OO do the magic? Or are there any catches I have to look out for? My idea: private void oopMagic(C obj){ ... Do the stuff from the if(x instanceof C) here} private void oopMagic(D obj){ ... Do the stuff from the if(x instanceof D) here} private void oopMagic(E obj){ ... Do the stuff from the if(x instanceof E) here} .... and instead of the huge if: oopMagic(x);

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  • How to access constant defined in child class?

    - by kavoir.com
    I saw this example from php.net: <?php class MyClass { const MY_CONST = "yonder"; public function __construct() { $c = get_class( $this ); echo $c::MY_CONST; } } class ChildClass extends MyClass { const MY_CONST = "bar"; } $x = new ChildClass(); // prints 'bar' $y = new MyClass(); // prints 'yonder' ?> But $c::MY_CONST is only recognized in version 5.3.0 or later. The class I'm writing may be distributed a lot. Basically, I have defined a constant in ChildClass and one of the functions in MyClass (father class) needs to use the constant. Any idea?

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  • Is fetching data from database a get-method thing?

    - by theva
    I have a small class that I call Viewer. This class is supposed to view the proper layout of each page or something like that... I have a method called getFirstPage, when called the user of this method will get a setting value for which page is currently set as the first page. I have some code here, I think it works but I am not really shure that I have done it the right way: class Viewer { private $db; private $user; private $firstPage; function __construct($db, $user) { $this->db = $db; if(isset($user)) { $this->user = $user; } else { $this->user = 'default'; } } function getFistPage() { $std = $db->prepare("SELECT firstPage FROM settings WHERE user = ':user'"); $std->execute(array(':user' => $user)); $result = $std->fetch(); $this->firstPage = $result['firstPage']; return $this->firstPage; } } My get method is fetching the setting from databse (so far so good?). The problem is that then I have to use this get method to set the private variable firstPage. It seems like I should have a set method to do this, but I cannot really have a set method that just fetch some setting from database, right? Because the user of this object should be able to assume that there already is a setting defined in the object... How should I do that?

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  • Java : Using parent class method to access child class variable

    - by Jayant
    I have the following scenario : public class A { private int x = 5; public void print() { System.out.println(x); } } public class B extends A { private int x = 10; /*public void print() { System.out.println(x); }*/ public static void main(String[] args) { B b = new B(); b.print(); } } On executing the code, the output is : 5. How to access the child class(B's) variable(x) via the parent class method? Could this be done without overriding the print() method (i.e. uncommenting it in B)? [This is important because on overriding we will have to rewrite the whole code for the print() method again]

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  • Sequential coupling in code

    - by dotnetdev
    Hi, Is sequential coupling (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequential_coupling) really a bad thing in code? Although it's an anti-pattern, the only risk I see is calling methods in the wrong order but documentation of an API/class library with this anti-pattern should take care of that. What other problems are there from code which is sequential? Also, this pattern could easily be fixed by using a facade it seems. Thanks

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  • Multiple Inheritance Debates II: according to Stroustrup

    - by asksuperuser
    I know very well about the traditional arguments about why Interface Inheritance is prefered to multiple inheritance, there has been already a post here : http://stackoverflow.com/questions/191691/should-c-include-multiple-inheritance But according to Stroustrup the real reason why Microsoft and Sun decided to get rid off multiple inheritance is that they have vested interest to do so: instead of putting features in the languages, they put in frameworks so that people then become tied to their platform instead of people having the same capability at a language standard level. What do you think ? Why Sun and Microsoft consider developers too immature to just make the choice themselves ?

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  • Objective-C inheritance; calling overriden method from superclass?

    - by anshuchimala
    Hello, I have an Objective-C class that has a method that is meant to be overridden, which is uses in a different method. Something like this: @interface BaseClass - (id)overrideMe; - (void)doAwesomeThings; @end @implementation BaseClass - (id)overrideMe { [self doesNotRecognizeSelector:_cmd]; return nil; } - (void)doAwesomeThings { id stuff = [self overrideMe]; /* do stuff */ } @end @interface SubClass : BaseClass @end @implementation SubClass - (id)overrideMe { /* Actually do things */ return <something>; } @end However, when I create a SubClass and try to use it, it still calls overrideMe on the BaseClass and crashes due to doesNotRecognizeSelector:. (I'm not doing a [super overrideMe] or anything stupid like that). Is there a way to get BaseClass to call the overridden overrideMe?

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  • One-to-One relation classes

    - by SeyZ
    I want to have a class named ProjectDirectory and a class named MetaDirectory. Each project has a MetaDirectory which contains some meta data. Is it the good way to write the classes like this: class ProjectDirectory(object): def __init__(self, directory=None): self.directory = directory self.meta_directory = MetaDirectory(self) def __repr__(self): return self.directory class MetaDirectory(object): def __init__(self, project_directory=None): self.project_directory = project_directory self.directory = "%s/.meta/" % project_directory ProjectDirectory has a reference to MetaDirectory and MetaDirectory has a reference to ProjectDirectory. Is there an other solution or this solution is good ?

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  • Constructors + Dependency Injection

    - by Sunny
    If I am writing up a class with more than 1 constructor parameter like: class A{ public A(Dependency1 d1, Dependency2 d2, ...){} } I usually create a "argument holder"-type of class like: class AArgs{ public Dependency1 d1 { get; private set; } public Dependency2 d2 { get; private set; } ... } and then: class A{ public A(AArgs args){} } Typically, using a DI-container I can configure the constructor for dependencies & resolve them & so there is minimum impact when the constructors need to change. Is this considered an anti-pattern and/or any arguments against doing this?

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  • Best way to make an attribute always an array?

    - by Shadowfirebird
    I'm using my MOO project to teach myself Test Driven Design, and it's taking me interesting places. For example, I wrote a test that said an attribute on a particular object should always return an array, so -- t = Thing.new("test") p t.names #-> ["test"] t.names = nil p t.names #-> [] The code I have for this is okay, but it doesn't seem terribly ruby to me: class Thing def initialize(names) self.names = names end def names=(n) n = [] if n.nil? n = [n] unless n.instance_of?(Array) @names = n end attr_reader :names end Is there a more elegant, Ruby-ish way of doing this? (NB: if anyone wants to tell me why this is a dumb test to write, that would be interesting too...)

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  • What pattern is this? php

    - by user151841
    I have several classes that are basically interfaces to database rows. Since the class assumes that a row already exists ( __construct expects a field value ), there is a public static function that allows creation of the row and returns an instance of the class. Here's an example ( without the actual database inserts ): class selfStarter { public $type; public function __construct( $type ) { $this->type = $type; } public static function create( $type ) { if ( ! empty($type) ) { $starter = & new selfStarter($type); return $starter; } } } $obj1 = selfStarter::create( "apple" ); $obj2 = & new selfStarter( "banana" ); What is this pattern called?

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  • C++ Beginner - Simple block of code crashing, reason unknown.

    - by Francisco P.
    Hello everyone, Here's a block of code I'm having trouble with. string Game::tradeRandomPieces(Player & player) { string hand = player.getHand(); string piecesRemoved; size_t index; for (size_t numberOfPiecesToTrade = rand() % hand.size() + 1; numberOfPiecesToTrade != 0; --numberOfPiecesToTrade) { index = rand() % hand.size(); piecesRemoved += hand[index]; hand.erase(index,1); } player.removePiecesFromHand(piecesRemoved); player.fillHand(_deck); return piecesRemoved; } I believe the code is pretty self explanatory. fillhand and removepiecesfromhand are working fine, so that's not it. I really can't get what's wrong with this :( Thanks for your time

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  • Class member variables, methods and their state

    - by codeMonkey
    How should class member variables be used in combination with class methods? Let's say I have a class 'C' with a member variable 'someData'. I call C.getData(), which does not return a value but instead puts data in C.someData. The class that instantiated 'C' first calls C.getData and then uses the data by accessing the member variable C.someData. I call C.getData() in the class that instantiated 'C' which is a function that returns data. I myself prefer the second way. But it also depends on the situation and it's a small difference. Is it 'bad' to have class methods that depend on the classes internal state? What are the best conventions?

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  • How to structure a bigger/complicated project?

    - by Per
    Hello, I'm creating this (big?) project in high school where I'm programming the game Shithead (card game) (so that two people can play against eachother). I'll use mostly PHP, MySQL, JavaScript and Ajax. But I have never made a project like this before. I have only made like CMS-systems and so on. Do you guys have any tips on how I should structure this project? I'm also not so used to Object-oriented programming, but I guess I should consider this. Should I, for example, make a class for the cards? I'm very thankful for any tips or good links!

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