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  • rdiff-backup command restore with date

    - by Hulk
    If a backup was made using rdiff-backup command for some particular date what is the format that should be given to restore the files for that particular date. rdiff-bakup -r "dateformat" backup/a.txt /destination-dir Thanks..

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  • How to allow wget to overwrite files

    - by Gnanam
    Using wget command, how do I allow/instruct to overwrite my local file everytime, irrespective of how many times I invoke. Let's say, I want to download a file from the location: http://server/folder/file1.html Here, whenever I say wget http://server/folder/file1.html, I want this file1.html to be overwritten in my local system irrespective of the time it is changed, already downloaded, etc. My intention/use case here is that when I call wget, I'm very sure that I want to replace/overwrite the existing file. I've tried out the following options, but each option is intended/meant for some other purpose. -nc = --no-clobber -N = Turn on time-stamping -r = Turn on recursive retrieving

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  • Gnu screen with local scrollback buffer?

    - by Hugh Perkins
    I'm using a remote server over a very slow and unreliable network connection. So, I want to use gnu screen in order not to lose what I'm doing whenever I get disconnected. But I want a local scrollback buffer, on my local computer, so that scrollback doesn't have to go across the network, which is incredibly slow. Is there either something like gnu screen, but with a local scrollback buffer; or else a way of using gnu screen with a local scrollback buffer?

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  • FTPS SSH Host Key after IP Address Change

    - by David George
    I have a Secure FTP (FTPS) server that my remote sites to upload files to daily via scripted routines that run. I have had issues in the past when upgrading hardware and deploying new servers causing the RSA Fingerprint to change for that server. Then all my remote sites can't connect until I have the old key removed (usually via ssh_keygen -r myserver.com). I now have to change the IP address for myserver.com and I wondered if there is anyway to proactively generate new host keys so that when the server address changes all my FTPS client remote sites don't break?

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  • Internal SFTP Settings

    - by matt ryan
    Goal: to limit user access to home directory and symlinked directories in home. I tried the following configuration in sshd_config # Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server Subsystem sftp internal-sftp Match user matt ChrootDirectory %h X11Forwarding no AllowTcpForwarding no ForceCommand internal-sftp and then restarted sshd. User can't login using the correct password. Connection refused authentication failed.

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  • How can i remove some installed python modules in centos

    - by user1513613
    I am getting ths error Python 2.7.5 (default, Jul 2 2013, 13:33:13) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import MySQLdb Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 23, in <module> (version_info, _mysql.version_info)) ImportError: this is MySQLdb version (1, 2, 4, 'final', 1), but _mysql is version (1, 2, 3, 'final', 0) >>> Now i dont know how i have installed that. i treid so many things like yum , pip easy, install etc. how can i remove all versions of MysqlDB FROM THERE

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  • Running SSL locally on a hosts redirected domain name with Ubuntu and Apache

    - by Matthew Brown
    I recently made some changes to my Ubuntu computer so that a domain name resolved to my local copy of Apache. I edited /etc/hosts and added 127.0.0.1 thisbit.example.com Then set up a VirtualHost for the responses I wishes to create. That all works fine and my testing is now shooting on ahead without harm or risk tot he production server. Now for my next trick I need to test the authentication and so need to do this with HTTPS Basically https://auth.example.com needs to work on my PC without the SSL causing an issue which I imagine would be the case as I am clearly not the true https://auth.example.com but for the basis of this exercise I need to pretend that I am. Now it might be that the Apps I'm testing don't worry about checking the certificate. (Many are in Java which I'm no expert with). What gotchas am I likely to encounter and what is the best way of not letting my own hacks spoil my testing? I'm guessing the place to start is to enable SSL with Apcahe... I've never done that before as it has never come up before.

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  • qemu-kvm virtual machine virtio network freeze under load

    - by Rick Koshi
    I'm having a problem with my virtual machines, where the network will freeze under heavy load. I'm using CentOS 6.2 as both host and guest, not using libvirt, just running qemu-kvm directly as follows: /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm \ -drive file=/data2/vm/rb-dev2-www1-vm.img,index=0,media=disk,cache=none,if=virtio \ -boot order=c \ -m 2G \ -smp cores=1,threads=2 \ -vga std \ -name rb-dev2-www1-vm \ -vnc :84,password \ -net nic,vlan=0,macaddr=52:54:20:00:00:54,model=virtio \ -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap84,script=/etc/qemu-ifup \ -monitor unix:/var/run/vm/rb-dev2-www1-vm.mon,server,nowait \ -rtc base=utc \ -device piix3-usb-uhci \ -device usb-tablet /etc/qemu-ifup (used by the above command) is a very simple script, containing the following: #!/bin/sh sudo /sbin/ifconfig $1 0.0.0.0 promisc up sudo /usr/sbin/brctl addif br0 $1 sleep 2 And here's the info on br0 and other interfaces: avl-host3 14# brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br0 8000.180373f5521a no bond0 tap84 virbr0 8000.525400858961 yes virbr0-nic avl-host3 15# ip addr show 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: em1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master bond0 state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 3: em2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master bond0 state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 4: em3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:1e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 5: em4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:20 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 6: bond0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet6 fe80::1a03:73ff:fef5:521a/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 7: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.16.1.46/24 brd 172.16.1.255 scope global br0 inet6 fe80::1a03:73ff:fef5:521a/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 8: virbr0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/ether 52:54:00:85:89:61 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 9: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 500 link/ether 52:54:00:85:89:61 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 12: tap84: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,PROMISC,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 500 link/ether ba:e8:9b:2a:ff:48 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet6 fe80::b8e8:9bff:fe2a:ff48/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever bond0 is a bond of em1 and em2. virbr0 and virbr0-nic are vestigial interfaces left over from CentOS's default installation. They are unused (as far as I know). The guest runs perfectly until I run a large 'rsync', when the network will freeze after some seemingly-random time (usually under a minute). When it freezes, there is no network activity in or out of the guest. I can still connect to the guest's console via vnc, but it is unable to speak out its network interface. Any attempt to 'ping' from the guest gives a "Destination Host Unreachable" error for 3/4 packets and no reply for every fourth packet. Sometimes (perhaps two thirds of the time), I can bring the interface back to life by doing a "service network restart" from the guest's console. If this works (and if I do it before the rsync times out), the rsync will resume. Usually it will freeze again within a minute or two. If I repeat, the rsync will eventually finish, and I presume the machine goes back to waiting for another period of heavy load. Throughout the whole process, there are no console errors or relevant (that I can see) syslog messages on either guest or host machine. If the "service network restart" doesn't work the first time, trying again (and again and again) never seems to work. The command completes normally, with normal output, but the interface stays frozen. However, a soft reboot of the guest machine (without restarting qemu-kvm) always seems to bring it back. I am aware of the "lowest mac address" assignment problem, where the bridge takes on the mac address of the slave interface with the lowest mac address. This causes temporary network freezes, but is definitely not what's happening for me. My freezes are permanent until manual intervention, and you can see from the 'ip addr show' output above that the mac address being used by br0 is that of the physical ethernet. There are no other virtual machines running on the host. I've verified that each virtual machine on the subnet has its own unique mac address. I have rebuilt the guest machine several times, and I have tried this on three different host machines (identical hardware, built identically). Oddly, I do have one virtual host (the second of this series) which never seemed to have a problem. It never had its network freeze when it was running the same rsync during its build. It's particularly odd because it was the second build. The first, on a different host, did have the freezing problem, but the second did not. I assumed at the time that I had done something wrong with the first build, and that the problem was resolved. Unfortunately, the problem reappeared when I built the third VM. Also unfortunately, I can't do many tests with the working VM, as it's now in production use, and I'm hoping I can find the cause of this issue before that machine starts having problems. It's possible that I just got really lucky while running the rsync on the working machine, and that one time it didn't freeze. Of course it's possible that I somehow changed the build scripts without realizing it and re-broke something, but I can't find any such thing. In any case, I'm hoping someone has some idea what could cause this. Addendum: Preliminary tests suggest that I don't have the problem if I substitute e1000 for virtio in the first -net flag to qemu-kvm. I don't consider this a solution, but it is suitable for a stopgap. Has anyone else had (or better yet, solved) this problem with the virtio network driver?

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  • Help diagnosing Likewise Open Active Directory authentication problem

    - by purpletonic
    I have two servers which were up until recently authenticating against the companies Active Directory Domain controller. I believe a recent change to the Active Directory administrator password caused the servers to stop authenticating against AD. I tried to add the servers back to the domain using the command: domainjoin-cli join example.com adusername this seemed to work without complaints, but when I try to login via ssh with my domain account, I get an invalid password error. When I run the command: lw-enum-users it prints all of the domain users, and looking up my own account, I see that it is valid and my password hasn't expired. I also ran lw-get-status and received the following: LSA Server Status: Agent version: 5.0.0 Uptime: 0 days 3 hours 35 minutes 46 seconds [Authentication provider: lsa-activedirectory-provider] Status: Online Mode: Un-provisioned Domain: example.com Forest: example.com Site: Default-First-Site-Name Online check interval: 300 seconds \[Trusted Domains: 1\] \[Domain: EXAMPLE\] DNS Domain: example.com Netbios name: EXAMPLE Forest name: example.com Trustee DNS name: Client site name: Default-First-Site-Name Domain SID: S-1-5-24-1081533780-4562211299-822531512 Domain GUID: 057f0239-7715-4711-e64b-eb5eeed20e65 Trust Flags: \[0x001d\] \[0x0001 - In forest\] \[0x0004 - Tree root\] \[0x0008 - Primary\] \[0x0010 - Native\] Trust type: Up Level Trust Attributes: \[0x0000\] Trust Direction: Primary Domain Trust Mode: In my forest Trust (MFT) Domain flags: \[0x0001\] \[0x0001 - Primary\] \[Domain Controller (DC) Information\] DC Name: dc1.example.com DC Address: 10.11.0.103 DC Site: Default-First-Site-Name DC Flags: \[0x000003fd\] DC Is PDC: yes DC is time server: yes DC has writeable DS: yes DC is Global Catalog: yes DC is running KDC: yes [Authentication provider: lsa-local-provider] Status: Online Mode: Local system Anyone got any ideas what might be occurring? Thanks in advance!

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  • Bash script 'while read' loop causes 'broken pipe' error when run with GNU Parallel

    - by Joe White
    According to the GNU Parallel mailing list this is not a GNU Parallel-specific problem. They suggested that I post my problem here. The error I'm getting is a "broken pipe" error, but I feel I should first explain the context of my problem and what causes this error. It happens when trying to use any bash script containing a 'while read' loop in GNU Parallel. I have a basic bash script like this: #!/bin/bash # linkcheck.sh while read domain do host "$domain" done Assume that I want to pipe in a large list (250mb say). cat urllist | ./linkcheck.sh Running host command on 250mb worth of URLs is rather slow. To speed things up I want to break up the input into chunks before piping it and then run multiple jobs in parallel. GNU Parallel is capable of doing this. cat urllist | parallel --pipe -j0 parallel ./linkcheck.sh {} {} is substituted by the contents of urllist line-by-line. Assume that my systems default setup is capable of running 500ish jobs per instance of parallel. To get round this limitation we can parallelize Parallel itself: cat urllist | parallel -j10 --pipe parallel -j0 ./linkcheck.sh {} This will run 5000'ish jobs. It will also, sadly, cause the error "broken pipe" (bash FAQ). Yet the script starts to work if I remove the while read loop and take input directly from whatever is fed into {} e.g., #!/bin/bash # linkchecker.sh domain="$1" host "$1" Why will it not work with a while read loop? Is it safe to just turn off the SIGPIPE signal to stop the "broken pipe" message, or will that have side effects such as data corruption? Thanks for reading.

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  • KVM virtual machine networking, NAT and bridge together

    - by stoqlt
    I have two running KVM guests on an Ubuntu (Lucid) host. One of them uses the simplest NAT method, and DHCP inside. The other uses the bridge method and static IP inside. Both work fine. Can I mix the networking methods? I'd like to create some set of scripts which used the local 192.168.122.x address, no matter if the guest has or not has an additional bridged LAN interface. Having eth0 and eth1 interfaces inside would be fine. Thanks for your interest.

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  • Setting up Pure-FTPd with admin/user permissions for same directory

    - by modulaaron
    I need to set up 2 Pure-FTPd accounts - ftpuser and ftpadmin. Both will have access to a directory that contains 2 subdirectories - upload and downlaod. The permissions criteria needs to be as follows: ftpuser can upload to /upload but cannot view the contents (blind drop). ftpuser can download from /download but cannot write to it. ftpadmin has full read/write permissions to both, including file deletion Currently, the first two are not a problem - disabling /upload read access and /download write access for ftpuser did the job. The problem is that when a file is uploaded by ftpuser, it's permissions are set to 644, meaning that user ftpadmin can only read it (note that all FTP directories are chown'd to ftpuser:ftpadmin). How can I give ftpadmin the power he so rightfully deserves?

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  • Assigning multiple IPv6 addresses on a Server

    - by andrewk
    Let me uncover my intent. My host provides hundreds of IPV6 addresses free, but charge for an IPV4 address. I have several sites under one server and I was wondering if I can give each site/domain it's own ipv6 address. Is that even possible? If so how? I've read quite a bit about ipv6 but I do not understand it as clear as I'd like. My main goal is, for each domain/site to have it's own unique IP, so someone can't do a reverse ip look up and see what sites I have on that server. Thanks in advance for the patience.

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  • how to get gateway address

    - by brknl
    I am trying to get gateway address but when i call "route -n" I expect to see something like that Destination Gateway Genmask Flags 0.0.0.0 dnsip 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 but I only see the flag U ones and gateway ip is 0.0.0.0. When i look /etc/sysconfig/network/routes i can see the gateway address. I can not use that file because not every versions of open suse have that file. So i need to use a common way to find out the gateway addres.

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  • Add IP Address without Plesk

    - by CrackerJack9
    I have an dedicated unmanaged server and added a few IP addresses to it (allocated), and the only information my hosting company has provided is instructions on how to use Plesk to Add IP Addresses. However, one of the first things I did was uninstall Plesk (for numerous reasons). Does anyone know what exactly Plesk does when you "Add IP Address"? Does it just create an alias on the default interface (I currently only have one and the loopback)? I can manage that myself without Plesk, but I was hoping someone might know if there is anything else Plesk does. I also have DHCP Client running (eth0 is static), not sure why my hosting company put that there either, and not sure if they're related.

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  • VPN in Ubuntu fails every time

    - by fazpas
    I am trying to setup a vpn connection in Ubuntu 10.04 to use the service from relakks.com I used the network manager to add the vpn connection and the settings are: Gateway: pptp.relakks.com Username: user Password: pwd IPv4 Settings: Automatic (VPN) Advanced: MSCHAP & MSCHAPv2 checked Use point-to-point encryption (security:default) Allow BSD data compression checked Allow deflate data compression checked Use TCP header compression checked The connection always fail, here is the syslog: Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop NetworkManager: <info> Starting VPN service 'org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.pptp'... Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop NetworkManager: <info> VPN service 'org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.pptp' started (org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.pptp), PID 2064 Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop NetworkManager: <info> VPN service 'org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.pptp' just appeared, activating connections Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop NetworkManager: <info> VPN plugin state changed: 3 Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop NetworkManager: <info> VPN connection 'Relakks' (Connect) reply received. Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop pppd[2067]: Plugin /usr/lib/pppd/2.4.5//nm-pptp-pppd-plugin.so loaded. Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop pppd[2067]: pppd 2.4.5 started by root, uid 0 Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop NetworkManager: SCPlugin-Ifupdown: devices added (path: /sys/devices/virtual/net/ppp1, iface: ppp1) Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop NetworkManager: SCPlugin-Ifupdown: device added (path: /sys/devices/virtual/net/ppp1, iface: ppp1): no ifupdown configuration found. Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop pppd[2067]: Using interface ppp1 Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop pppd[2067]: Connect: ppp1 <--> /dev/pts/0 Jun 27 20:11:56 desktop pptp[2071]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[main:pptp.c:314]: The synchronous pptp option is NOT activated Jun 27 20:11:57 desktop pptp[2079]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[ctrlp_rep:pptp_ctrl.c:251]: Sent control packet type is 1 'Start-Control-Connection-Request' Jun 27 20:11:58 desktop pptp[2079]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[ctrlp_disp:pptp_ctrl.c:739]: Received Start Control Connection Reply Jun 27 20:11:58 desktop pptp[2079]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[ctrlp_disp:pptp_ctrl.c:773]: Client connection established. Jun 27 20:11:58 desktop pptp[2079]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[ctrlp_rep:pptp_ctrl.c:251]: Sent control packet type is 7 'Outgoing-Call-Request' Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop pptp[2079]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[ctrlp_disp:pptp_ctrl.c:858]: Received Outgoing Call Reply. Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop pptp[2079]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[ctrlp_disp:pptp_ctrl.c:897]: Outgoing call established (call ID 0, peer's call ID 1024). Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop kernel: [ 56.564074] Inbound IN=ppp0 OUT= MAC= SRC=93.182.139.2 DST=186.110.76.26 LEN=61 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=52 ID=40460 DF PROTO=47 Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop kernel: [ 56.944054] Inbound IN=ppp0 OUT= MAC= SRC=93.182.139.2 DST=186.110.76.26 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=52 ID=40461 DF PROTO=47 Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop pptp[2079]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[pptp_read_some:pptp_ctrl.c:544]: read returned zero, peer has closed Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop pptp[2079]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[callmgr_main:pptp_callmgr.c:258]: Closing connection (shutdown) Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop pptp[2079]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[ctrlp_rep:pptp_ctrl.c:251]: Sent control packet type is 12 'Call-Clear-Request' Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop pptp[2079]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[pptp_read_some:pptp_ctrl.c:544]: read returned zero, peer has closed Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop pptp[2079]: nm-pptp-service-2064 log[call_callback:pptp_callmgr.c:79]: Closing connection (call state) Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop pppd[2067]: Modem hangup Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop pppd[2067]: Connection terminated. Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop NetworkManager: <info> VPN plugin failed: 1 Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop NetworkManager: SCPlugin-Ifupdown: devices removed (path: /sys/devices/virtual/net/ppp1, iface: ppp1) Jun 27 20:11:59 desktop pppd[2067]: Exit. Does someone can identify something in the syslog? I've been googling and reading about pptp but couldn't find anything about the error "read returned zero, peer has closed"

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  • change from bash shell prompt to regular shell prompt on centos

    - by user881480
    my centos environment has just become bash shell prompt: -bash-3.2# how do I change it back to the usual # prompt? what places should I check for possibly modifications? Update: I was not clear in my question: the prompt used to be just a single # and supports more syntax(a different shell script than bash 3.2 perhaps)? I would like to switch back to that. for example, ll is not longer supported in this bash shell

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  • Don't let the mouse wake up displays from standby

    - by progo
    I like to put my displays to powersave/standby mode when I leave the computer for a while. It would be ok if it weren't for oversensitive mouse. Sometimes the driver reads in some movement that's not visible to the naked eye (the cursor, that is) and it breaks the power save. It would wait for another 10 minutes before going back to its standby. My workaround is the following script bound to C-S-q: xlock -startCmd 'xset dpms 2 2 2' -endCmd 'xset dpms 600 1200 1300' -mode blank -echokeys -timeelapsed +usefirst By using xset I set the values to 2 seconds each before going to standby. It's not nice, anyway. Sometimes there are cool fortunes that I want to read before typing in the password. I could keep the cursor moving but it's cludgy. (By the way, xlock's option mousemotion doesn't help -- it just hides the cursor but the displays fire up nevertheless.) So the question: is there a way to make displays go standby and stay there until a keyboard key is pressed? I'm running gentoo and recent Xorg, but I hope the answer doesn't have to be distro-specific. Basically the answer can be as simple as how to enable/disable mouse within command line? It think that would do the job if DPMS doesn't know the idea.

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  • Customize rsyslogd messages to show the sender of the message; not the receiver

    - by Nimmy Lebby
    I'm forwarding the WiFi router's log messages to our sysadmin box (sb3). This is the stanza in /etc/rsyslog.conf: # WiFi router log :fromhost-ip, isequal,'10.3.291.2' /var/log/wifi-router.log & ~ However, the log looks like this: Dec 23 10:41:58 sb3 dnsmasq-dhcp[253]: DHCPACK(br0) 10.3.292.133 xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx dg-ipad I want to customize so that anything logged to wifi-router.log does not mention sb3 but indicates the sender of the log message. How would I do this?

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  • Puppet: array in parameterized classes VS using resources

    - by Luke404
    I have some use cases where I want to define multiple similar resources that should end up in a single file (via a template). As an example I'm trying to write a puppet module that will let me manage the mapping between MAC addresses and network interface names (writing udev's persistent-net-rules file from puppet), but there are also many other similar usage cases. I searched around and found that it could be done with the new parameterised classes syntax: if implemented that way it should end up being used like this: node { "myserver.example.com": class { "network::iftab": interfaces => { "eth0" => { "mac" => "ab:cd:ef:98:76:54" } "eth1" => { "mac" => "98:76:de:ad:be:ef" } } } } Not too bad, I agree, but it would rapidly explode when you manage more complex stuff (think network configurations like in this module or any other multiple-complex-resources-in-a-single-config-file stuff). In a similar question on SF someone suggested using Pienaar's puppet-concat module but I doubt it could get any better than parameterised classes. What would be really cool and clean in the configuration definition would be something like the included host type, it's usage is simple, pretty and clean and naturally maps to multiple resources that will end up being configured in a single place. Transposed to my example it would be like: node { "myserver.example.com": interface { "eth0": "mac" => "ab:cd:ef:98:76:54", "foo" => "bar", "asd" => "lol", "eth1": "mac" => "98:76:de:ad:be:ef", "foo" => "rab", "asd" => "olo", } } ...that looks much better to my eyes, even with 3x options to each resource. Should I really be passing arrays to parameterised classes, or there is a better way to do this kind of stuff? Is there some accepted consensus in the puppet [users|developers] community? By the way, I'm referring to the latest stable release of the 2.7 branch and I am not interested in compatibility with older versions.

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  • Explanation for kernel error - Eeeek! page_mapcount went negative

    - by Aditya Advani
    Internet says this is a genuine Kernel Bug but does anyone know what triggers it?? Server running CentOS x86_64 with kernel 2.6.27.24 Here is my crash output: [root@u15345757 httpdocs]# Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.506380] Eeek! page_mapcount(page) went negative! (-1) Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.517515] page pfn = d0a3 Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.523814] page->flags = 10000000000083c Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.532489] page->count = 2 Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.538741] page->mapping = ffff88001f01a110 Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.547924] vma->vm_ops = 0x0 Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.554543] [ cut here ] Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:23 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.564528] invalid opcode: 0000 [1] SMP Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:23 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.564528] Code: 80 e8 22 51 fd ff 48 8b 85 90 00 00 00 48 85 c0 74 19 48 8b 40 20 48 85 c0 74 10 48 8b 70 58 48 c7 c7 10 7f 7d 80 e8 fd 50 fd ff <0f> 0b eb fe 8b 77 18 41 58 5b 5d 83 e6 01 f7 de 83 c6 04 e9 df Broadcast message from root (pts/3) (Thu Aug 6 01:49:29 2009): The system is going down for reboot NOW!

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  • Command to execute another command while replaying the command on STDOUT

    - by hakre
    It's not easy to formulate the question properly, maybe it helps when I describe what I'd like to do. I want to execute a command and pipe it's output into a tool called pastebinit which uploads the STDOUT output to pastebin. That works very well, however I would like to send the command itself on top of it but w/o typing it a second time. Is there some command I can launch "my command" with that will Print "my command" on STDOUT Executes "my command" I have the feeling that something like that exists but as hard as it is to formulate such a question properly, I was not able to dig it up with google so far.

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  • Limit Apache 2 Memory Usage

    - by UltraNurd
    I am running a hobby webserver off of an ancient Blue & White G3/300 running Debian PPC Squeeze 2.6.30. The performance is okay for a while after a restart, but it eventually gets more and more bogged down. Right now it's at 76 days uptime, and the main culprit seems to be the memory usage of 10+ apache2 processes. I think I need to lower the values for StartServers, MinSpareServers, and/or MaxSpareServers, but I'm not sure which one to adjust, and there are three sections for each depending on which mpm module is in use. How do I tell which of the following sections I need to change, and what are some reasonable values given that the box has 448 MB physical memory (weird upgrade history of one each 64, 128, and 256 sticks)? <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> <IfModule mpm_event_module> StartServers 2 MaxClients 150 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> There aren't any other instances of StartServers in my apache2.conf, but none of those mpm modules appear in mods-available or mods-enabled. Ideas? Thanks!

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  • How to upgrade Apache 2 from 2.2 to 2.4

    - by Nina
    I was in the process of doing a test upgrade from Apache 2.2 to 2.4.3. I'm using Ubuntu 10.04. I would have upgraded to 12.04 for this to see if the upgrade would go a lot smoother. Unfortunately, I was told it wasn't an option...so I'm stuck using 10.04. The process I did this was: Before attempting this, I have managed to upgrade APR from 1.3 to 1.4 as well since apache told me it was a requirement beforehand: http://apr.apache.org/download.cgi First remove all traces of the current apache: sudo apt-get --purge remove apache2 sudo apt-get remove apache2-common apache2-utils apache2.2-bin apache2-common sudo apt-get autoremove whereis apache2 sudo rm -Rf /etc/apache2 /usr/lib/apache2 /usr/include/apache2 Afterwards, I did the following: sudo apt-get install build-essential sudo apt-get build-dep apache2 Then install apache 2.4 with the following: wget http://apache.mirrors.tds.net//httpd/httpd-2.4.3.tar.gz tar -xzvf httpd-2.4.3.tar.gz && cd httpd-2.4.3 sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --enable-mods-shared=all --enable-deflate --enable-proxy --enable-proxy-balancer --enable-proxy-http --with-mpm=prefork sudo make sudo make install After the make install, I ended up getting a series of errors that prevented it from installing correctly: exports.c:2513: error: redefinition of 'ap_hack_apr_uid_current' exports.c:1838: note: previous definition of 'ap_hack_apr_uid_current' was here exports.c:2514: error: redefinition of 'ap_hack_apr_uid_name_get' exports.c:1839: note: previous definition of 'ap_hack_apr_uid_name_get' was here exports.c:2515: error: redefinition of 'ap_hack_apr_uid_get' exports.c:1840: note: previous definition of 'ap_hack_apr_uid_get' was here exports.c:2516: error: redefinition of 'ap_hack_apr_uid_homepath_get' Looking for exports.c only leads me back to the httpd-2.4.3 folder. So I'm not sure what these errors mean... Thanks in advance for any help you have to offer!

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  • Correct way to treat iptables init failure?

    - by chris_l
    Hi, I'm initializing my iptables rules via /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables, using iptables-restore. This works fine, but I'm a bit worried about what would happen, if that script failed for some reason (maybe the saved iptables file is corrupt or whatever). In case the script failed, I'd like to: Start up my network interfaces without any iptables rules Start up OpenSSH server But not any other services like web server, ... (and maybe stop running instances) Is there a good canonical way to do that? Going into a lower init stage? - I haven't done that in a long time, and I think a lot about init has changed in recent years (?) - which stage should I drop to, and would the OpenSSH server and my network interfaces still run? Thanks Chris (On Debian Lenny)

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