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• WiFi can't connect after suspend

  - by CyberOPS

  I've had this problem since Ubuntu 11.10 (my first install) but I was able to get around this issue with this answer. After I installed Ubuntu 12.04.1 I tried to use the same fix as before but I couldn't get it to work. I've also tried a couple other different fixes I found around the web but they didn't work. Basically here's what happens: I can see all the networks in my area. When I try to connect to one of them it never connects, it keeps disconnecting. After a little bit it asks for the password again but its already filled in correctly. If I hit okay it will do the exact same thing again. So does anyone know how I can get this fixed? INFO: Computer: HP Pavilion dv6t-6b00 CTO Quad Edition Entertainment Notebook PC Network Card: Intel® Centrino® Wireless-N 1000 OS: Ubuntu 12.04.1 (x64) dual booting with Windows 7 (x64) (*Not using Wubi*) Wireless Card Driver: iwlwifi UPDATE: I was about to reinstall with the DVD I made with the ISO from the official source but discovered the same issue happens on the disc's Ubuntu preview feature. I still was unable to fix it as before. I also tried the Xubuntu demo, and the same. Re installing the driver hasn't worked either.

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• snapping an angle to the closest cardinal direction

  - by Josh E

  I'm developing a 2D sprite-based game, and I'm finding that I'm having trouble with making the sprites rotate correctly. In a nutshell, I've got spritesheets for each of 5 directions (the other 3 come from just flipping the sprite horizontally), and I need to clamp the velocity/rotation of the sprite to one of those directions. My sprite class has a pre-computed list of radians corresponding to the cardinal directions like this: protected readonly List<float> CardinalDirections = new List<float> { MathHelper.PiOver4, MathHelper.PiOver2, MathHelper.PiOver2 + MathHelper.PiOver4, MathHelper.Pi, -MathHelper.PiOver4, -MathHelper.PiOver2, -MathHelper.PiOver2 + -MathHelper.PiOver4, -MathHelper.Pi, }; Here's the positional update code: if (velocity == Vector2.Zero) return; var rot = ((float)Math.Atan2(velocity.Y, velocity.X)); TurretRotation = SnapPositionToGrid(rot); var snappedX = (float)Math.Cos(TurretRotation); var snappedY = (float)Math.Sin(TurretRotation); var rotVector = new Vector2(snappedX, snappedY); velocity *= rotVector; //...snip private float SnapPositionToGrid(float rotationToSnap) { if (rotationToSnap == 0) return 0.0f; var targetRotation = CardinalDirections.First(x => (x - rotationToSnap >= -0.01 && x - rotationToSnap <= 0.01)); return (float)Math.Round(targetRotation, 3); } What am I doing wrong here? I know that the SnapPositionToGrid method is far from what it needs to be - the .First(..) call is on purpose so that it throws on no match, but I have no idea how I would go about accomplishing this, and unfortunately, Google hasn't helped too much either. Am I thinking about this the wrong way, or is the answer staring at me in the face?

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• External TV only allows 640x480 using VGA cable

  - by EdC

  I have Ubuntu precise installed on a MacBook Pro. When connecting to an external television using a VGA style cable the highest resolution available seems to be 640x480. I'm using the proprietary NVIDEA Accelerated Graphics Driver (version current) and attempting to setup the TV using the nvidea-settings tool. I know all the equipment supports higher resolutions because of the following: Prior to rebuilding my machine with precise, the same TV, cabel & adapter gave higher resolutions The same machine & TV when used with a HDMI cable allows higher resolutions Windows laptops with the same cable & TV are able to achieve higher resolutions I'm not sure what to look for next, there are some similar FAQ questions but I'm not sufficiently familiar with the areas involved to know if these are my issue or are safe to try. Specifically: colord problem & my monitor resolution 640*480 with no other options! - is the closest, but as I'm having no problems with the main laptop monitor I'm not sure the described symptoms apply. I can't work out from the answer or Bumblebee site how to determine if nvidia optimus applies to my laptop. Why isn't my monitor's native resolution appearing as an option? - suggests configuring X by hand, but doesn't entirely match the symptoms I'm seeing

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• Can I use nofollow for offsite links without it affecting my page rank?

  - by Jack

  What I have is a page with almost all offsite links. Each clicked link is forwarded on to the destination. What I would like the search engines to do is to index the text between the anchor tag and not follow the link itself. <a href="somelink">Index This Text Only</a> I've read several articles and they all seem to contradict themselves as to when to use nofollow. What's been happening over the past 2 months that the site has been live is that both Google and Bing are crawling the site as well as all the links on the site that it has been forwarded to. The search engines are now generating a lot of 404s for images and files that never existed on my site but rather seems to correlate to the site it was forwarded to. The search engines don't seem to honor the 302 header when forwarded. I would like to get a definitive answer on the nofollow tag as it relates to my situation. Can I use nofollow to stop the 404s and if so, will it affect my page ranking negatively?

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• What is the recommended way to empty a SSD?

  - by Lekensteyn

  I've just received my new SSD since the old one died. This Intel 320 SSD supports TRIM. For testing purposes, my dealer put malware, err, Windows on it. I want to get rid of it and install Kubuntu on it. It does not have to be a "secure wipe", I just need the empty the disk in the mosy healthy way. I believe that dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda just fills the blocks with zeroes and thereby taking another write (correct me if I'm wrong). I've seen the answer How to enable TRIM, but it looks like it's suited for clearing empty blocks, not wiping the disk. hdparm seems to be the program to do it, but I'm not sure if it clears the disk OR cleans empty blocks. From its manual page: --trim-sector-ranges For Solid State Drives (SSDs). EXCEPTIONALLY DANGEROUS. DO NOT USE THIS OPTION!! Tells the drive firmware to discard unneeded data sectors, destroying any data that may have been present within them. This makes those sectors available for immediate use by the firmware's garbage collection mechanism, to improve scheduling for wear-leveling of the flash media. This option expects one or more sector range pairs immediately after the option: an LBA starting address, a colon, and a sector count, with no intervening spaces. EXCEPTIONALLY DANGEROUS. DO NOT USE THIS OPTION!! E.g. hdparm --trim-sector-ranges 1000:4 7894:16 /dev/sdz How can I make all blocks appear as empty using TRIM?

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• 404s on password protected content

  - by tjb1982

  I'm new to WordPress and SEO, generally, but we've been running into problems with our site that don't seem to make sense to me. The problem is that our editor likes to schedule posts and/or mark them private until she is ready to make them public, but somehow Google is crawling these posts and getting 404s (because they are password protected). How does Google know they exist in the first place? I checked the sitemap.xml file and don't see a record of the post. One of the offending posts was marked public, but is scheduled for a future date. Could that have something to do with it? I've tried to Google the answer, and I came up with a good amount of reassurance that this won't hurt the site, but I'm still wondering how it's happening in the first place. It's hard because I don't know exactly what the editor's workflow is. Is it possible she's posting publicly first and then revising it to be private only after it's too late? Does anyone know how Google finds WordPress URLs it shouldn't have access to?

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• public_html permissions for local development

  - by maGz

  I know this question has popped up a couple times, but I can't seem to find a definitive answer to my issue, so please bear with me. I have Ubuntu Server 12.04 setup in VirtualBox for PHP development and testing (Drupal plus other PHP sites using Yii framework). My question is in 3 parts... 1) If I create a public_html folder under /home/myuser, do I need to give ownership of that folder to the Apache www-data group? If so, are there any specific permissions I should be setting? 755? (Btw, I am following this guide to create the public_html directory and set up multiple virtual hosts per site I create and test) I previously had all of my sites under /var/www, but ran into massive permission denied errors whenever I tried to sFTP to it, either through FileZilla or PhpStorm. This is what I had previously done: sudo chgrp www-data /var/www sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www sudo chmod -R g+s /var/www sudo usermod -G www-data [my_ftp_user] 2) The second part of my question is this: If I create my PHP project and files in Windows through PhpStorm, and then upload via sFTP, will permissions get affected? 3) Once I am satisfied with my developed project, would it be advisable to move and test them under /var/www to see how it would fair in a production-ish environment? I would really appreciate the help and advice here. I'm learning more as I go along, but dealing with Linux files and permissions is a bit of a new ballgame for me! Thank you

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• ArchBeat Link-o-Rama for December 12, 2012

  - by Bob Rhubart

  “Cloud Integration in Minutes” – True or False? | Bruce Tierney The answer is 'True, but..." according to Bruce Tierney. "Connecting on-premise and cloud applications “in minutes” is true…provided you only consider the connectivity subset of integration and have a small number of cloud integration touch points." Get the rest of the story in Bruce's detailed post. Tech World Discovers New Species: The Cloud Architect | Wired Enterprise | Wired.com This Wired article by Cade Metz boils down to one essential conclusion: Cloud computing is a significant departure from "data center designs of the past," and the demand for the specialized skills of the cloud architect will only increase. But you already knew that, right? Oracle B2B - Synchronous Request Reply | A-Team - SOA "Beginning with Oracle SOA Suite PS5 (11.1.1.6), B2B supports synchronous request reply over http using the b2b/syncreceiver servlet," says C. D. Wright of the Fusion Middleware A-Team. His post includes a demo and everything you need to run it. Thought for the Day "Don't worry about what anybody else is going to do… The best way to predict the future is to invent it." — Alan Kay (Month Day, Year - Month Day, Year) Source: SoftwareQuotes.com

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• How exactly does app ranking work?

  - by qweasdzxc1

  So I've been in the app industry for around half a year and I still don't know how exactly ranking higher for your app will help increase downloads. That sounds like a question with an obvious answer but this is what's going through my mind so hear me out: Unless your app is ranked within the top 100, no one can see it in the featured categories. So even if my app jumped from 400th to 300th place, would there really even be a difference in downloads? And I'm saying 400th to 300th in ranking in my specific category. Indie developers like me don't even come close to ranking for the overall category. So far, the only usefulness of trying to get a higher rank is to get featured or something like that, but big companies have tons of money to throw on marketing...so the chances of any indie developer getting featured is rare. The only thing that I can see ranking being good for is to rank for your keywords so that when someone searches for that word, your app will hopefully appear in the top 10-25 results. Can anyone confirm my thoughts or add anything else that I might have missed out on? How exactly do users find your app if you're not in the top 100 app in your category?

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• Functional Programming, JavaScript and UI - some neophyte questions

  - by jamesson

  This has been discussed in other threads, however I am hoping for some comments relevant to UI and an explanation of some vitriol I had flung my way in a Certain IRC Channel Which shall remain nameless. In the discussion here, the comments in the accepted answer suggest that I approach the given code from a functional perspective, which was new to me at the time. Wikipedia said, among other things, that FP "avoids state and mutable data", which includes according to the discussion global vars. Now, being that I am already pretty far along in my project I am not going to learn FP before I finish, but... How is it possible to avoid global vars if, for instance, I have a UI whose entire functionality changes if a mousebutton is down? I have a number of things like this. Why was there a strong negative reaction in the Certain IRC channel to implementing FP in JS? When I Brought up what seemed to me to be supportive comments by Crockford, people got even madder. Now, this being IRC there is no rep system, but they at least gave indication of having read TGP (which I haven't gotten to yet) so I'm assuming they're not idiots. Many thanks in advance Joe

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• Prevent collisions between mobs/npcs/units piloted by computer AI : How to avoid mobile obstacles?

  - by Arthur Wulf White

  Lets says we have character a starting at point A and character b starting at point B. character a is headed to point B and character b is headed to point A. There are several simple ways to find the path(I will be using Dijkstra). The question is, how do I take preventative action in the code to stop the two from colliding with one another? case2: Characters a and b start from the same point in different times. Character b starts later and is the faster of the two. How do I make character b walk around character a without going through it? case3:Lets say we have m such characters in each side and there is sufficient room to pass through without the characters overlapping with one another. How do I stop the two groups of characters from "walking on top of one another" and allow them pass around one another in a natural organic way. A correct answer would be any algorithm, that given the path to the destination and a list of mobile objects that block the path, finds an alternative path or stops without stopping all units when there is sufficient room to traverse.

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• Access Control Service: Programmatically Accessing Identity Provider Information and Redirect URLs

  - by Your DisplayName here!

  In my last post I showed you that different redirect URLs trigger different response behaviors in ACS. Where did I actually get these URLs from? The answer is simple – I asked ACS ;) ACS publishes a JSON encoded feed that contains information about all registered identity providers, their display names, logos and URLs. With that information you can easily write a discovery client which, at the very heart, does this: public void GetAsync(string protocol) {     var url = string.Format( "https://{0}.{1}/v2/metadata/IdentityProviders.js?protocol={2}&realm={3}&version=1.0",         AcsNamespace,         "accesscontrol.windows.net",         protocol,         Realm);     _client.DownloadStringAsync(new Uri(url)); } The protocol can be one of these two values: wsfederation or javascriptnotify. Based on that value, the returned JSON will contain the URLs for either the redirect or notify method. Now with the help of some JSON serializer you can turn that information into CLR objects and display them in some sort of selection dialog. The next post will have a demo and source code.

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• Installing packages into local directory?

  - by Gili

  I'd like to install software packages, similar to apt-get install <foo> but: Without sudo, and Into a local directory The purpose of this exercise is to isolate independent builds in my continuous integration server. I don't mind compiling from source, if that's what it takes, but obviously I'd prefer the simplest approach possible. I tried apt-get source --compile <foo> as mentioned here but I can't get it working for packages like autoconf. I get the following error: dpkg-checkbuilddeps: Unmet build dependencies: help2man I've got help2man compiled in a local directory, but I don't know how to inform apt-get of that. Any ideas? UPDATE: I found an answer that almost works at http://askubuntu.com/a/350/23678. The problem with chroot is that it requires sudo. The problem with apt-get source is that I don't know how to resolve dependencies. I must say, chroot looks very appealing. Is there an equivalent command that doesn't require sudo?

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• 301 redirect: Is this good or bad for 2 domains?

  - by Tim

  Since i couldn't find any appropriate answer to my specific question, I wanted to ask you. I've read alot of things about the 301-redirect for moving pages and so on. A customer of mine has booked a new domain last year for better search results (he included his main keyword into the domain. Before he had only a domain with his business name, which had nothing to say about what he does). I told him, that he should do a 301-redirect so he doesn't loose his position in Google and to redirect all new customers coming from the old domain to the new domain. After about one year where his site hat a good amount of traffic the search results of Google for his keywords are getting more worse. Since he didn't maintain his website (no new content, bad content on all pages and so on) I assumed this would be the problem. He gave his website to another company which also makes websites. They told him, that this 301-redirection is very bad for his website. They removed it, and also updated his content and the template so now he has the same meta keywords on every page (instead of the specific ones I put there before). He also removed the canonical-tag which I placed there to ensure no duplicate content. What I am now afraid of is, that without this redirect Google now will find duplicate content and therefore kick him out of the index, which would be a nightmare, since most of his customers come over his website. I need verification of the fact, that the 301 isn't bad but in fact the correct way of working with 2 domains. If possible with good sources I can point out to him since he don't wants to hear anything about this. If someone also has a few words about the keywords and the canonical-tag I would really appreciate it! Thank you very much!

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• How can I be certain that my code is flawless? [duplicate]

  - by David

  This question already has an answer here: Theoretically bug-free programs 5 answers I have just completed an exercise from my textbook which wanted me to write a program to check if a number is prime or not. I have tested it and seems to work fine, but how can I be certain that it will work for every prime number? public boolean isPrime(int n) { int divisor = 2; int limit = n-1 ; if (n == 2) { return true; } else { int mod = 0; while (divisor <= limit) { mod = n % divisor; if (mod == 0) { return false; } divisor++; } if (mod > 0) { return true; } } return false; } Note that this question is not a duplicate of Theoretically Bug Free Programs because that question asks about whether one can write bug free programs in the face of the the limitative results such as Turing's proof of the incomputability of halting, Rice's theorem and Godel's incompleteness theorems. This question asks how a program can be shown to be bug free.

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• Ubuntu One - Files API - Cloud - More detailed info somehwere?

  - by Brian McCavour

  I am just starting on a mobile app for Ubuntu One, and I'm reviewing the info at https://one.ubuntu.com/developer/files/store_files/cloud I find the information a bit lacking though. It's a nice reference, but for someone not familiar with it, I had to goggle search to find out what a "volume" was exactly (its kind of obvious, but never hurts to know the specifics) There's also things like: GET /api/file_storage/v1/volumes Return a JSON list of Volume Representations, one for each volume. A volume is a synced folder, or the Ubuntu One folder, owned by the user. Note that all volume paths begin with ~.: ... but there's no such thing as a JSON "list". Does it mean array ? And other things... So I was wondering if here existed another page with more detailed information. Maybe some sample request / responses or something? I could just write a little proof of concept app to answer some of these questions... but I prefer not to unless I have to. Thanks

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• How do you proactively guard against errors of omission?

  - by Gabriel

  I'll preface this with I don't know if anyone else who's been programming as long as I have actually has this problem, but at the very least, the answer might help someone with less xp. I just stared at this code for 5 minutes, thinking I was losing my mind that it didn't work: var usedNames = new HashSet<string>(); Func<string, string> l = (s) => { for (int i = 0; ; i++) { var next = (s + i).TrimEnd('0'); if (!usedNames.Contains(next)) { return next; } } }; Finally I noticed I forgot to add the used name to the hash set. Similarly, I've spent minutes upon minutes over omitting context.SaveChanges(). I think I get so distracted by the details that I'm thinking about that some really small details become invisible to me - it's almost at the level of mental block. Are there tactics to prevent this? update: a side effect of asking this was fixing the error it would have for i 9 (Thanks!) var usedNames = new HashSet<string>(); Func<string, string> name = (s) => { string result = s; if(usedNames.Contains(s)) for (int i = 1; ; result = s + i++) if (!usedNames.Contains(result)) break; usedNames.Add(result); return result; };

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• No MAU required on a T4

  - by jsavit

  Cryptic background One of the powerful features of the T-series servers is its hardware crypto acceleration, which dramatically speeds up the compute intensive algorithms needed to encrypt and decrypt data. Previously, administrators setting up logical domains on older T-series servers had to explicitly assign crypto resources (called "MAU" for historical reasons from the T1 chip that had "modular arithmetic units") to domains that had a significant crypto workload (say, an SSL based web server). This could be an administrative burden, as you had to choose which domains got the crypto units, and issue the appropriate ldm set-mau N mydomain commands. The T4 changes things The T4 is fast. Really fast. Its clock rate and out-of-order (OOO) execution that provides the single-thread performance that T-series machines previously did not have. If you have any preconceptions about T-series performance, or SPARC in general, based on the older servers (which, it must be said, were absolutely outstanding for multi-threaded applications), those assumptions are now obsolete. The T4 provides outstanding. performance for all kinds of workload, as illustrated at https://blogs.oracle.com/bestperf. While we all focused on this (did I mention the T4 is fast?), another feature of the T4 went largely unnoticed: The T4 servers have crypto acceleration "just built in" so administrators no longer have to assign crypto accelerator units to domains - it "just happens". This is way way better since you have crypto everywhere by default without having to manage it like a discrete and limited resource. It's a feature of the processor, like doing an integer add. With T4, there is no management necessary, you just have HW crypto everywhere all the time seamlessly. This change hasn't been widely advertised, and some administrators have wondered why there were unable to assign a MAU to a domain as they did with T2 and T3 machines. The answer is that there is no longer any separate MAU, so you don't have to take any action at all - just leave the default of 0. Summary Besides being much faster than its predecessors, the T4 also integrates hardware crypto acceleration so its seamlessly available to applications, whether domains are being used or not. Administrators no longer have to control how they are allocated - it "just happens"

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• What to learn after standard C++?

  - by Luca Cerone

  I switched to C++ a few months ago, learning its syntax, the main features of the STL and what you can usually find in a "learn C++" manual. Now I would like to go further. What would be your recommendations? I would like to know what to learn next (not only about the language, but also debugging, frameworks etc. etc.) I know probably the answer depends on the specific needs of each user, so here is a list of mine: Cross Platform development Developing GUI for my programs Develop extendible software, allowing the use of plugins Use of scientific libraries Interact with databases (mainly MySQL) Having server/client functionalities (I'd like users of my programs to interact through internet.. as you might have guessed I am not a programmer by training so I might have used the wrong terms.. if so I apologize for that). Of course I know it takes time, but I would like to have a good list of references and resources to start (both books and websites are ok). Thanks a lot for your help!

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• Should one use a separate database for application data and user data?

  - by trycatch

  I’ve been working on a project for a little while and I’m unsure which is the better architecture. I’m interested in the consensus. The answer to me seems fairly obvious but something about it is digging at me and I can't pick out what. The TL;DR is: how do you handle a program with application data and user data in the same DB which needs to be able to receive updates to the application data periodically? One database for user data and one for application, or both in one? The detailed version is.. if an application has a database which needs to maintain application data AND user data, and the user data all references application data, it feels more natural to me to store them in the same database. But if there exists a need to be able to update the application data within this database periodically, should this be stripped into two databases so that one can simply download the updated application data database file as an update and replace the old one? Or should they remain as one database, and the application data be updated via a script which inserts the new data into the existing database? The second sounds clearly preferable to me... but for some reason just doesn’t feel right, and I can't pick out quite why.

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• What are some good tips for a developer trying to design a scalable MySQL database?

  - by CFL_Jeff

  As the question states, I am a developer, not a DBA. I have experience with designing good ER schemas and am fairly knowledgeable about normalization and good schema design. I have also worked with data warehouses that use dimensional modeling with fact tables and dim tables. However, all of the database-driven applications I've developed at previous jobs have been internal applications on the company's intranet, never receiving "real-world traffic". Furthermore, at previous jobs, I have always had a DBA or someone who knew much more than me about these things. At this new job I just started, I've been asked to develop a public-facing application with a MySQL backend and the data stored by this application is expected to grow very rapidly. Oh, and we don't have a DBA. Well, I guess I am the DBA. ;) As far as designing a database to be scalable, I don't even know where to start. Does anyone have any good tips or know of any good educational materials for a developer who has been sort of shoved into a DBA/database designer role and has been tasked with designing a scalable database to support an application like this? Have any other developers been through this sort of thing? What did you do to quickly become good at this role? I've found some good slides on the subject here but it's hard to glean details from slides. Wish I could've attended that guy's talk. I also found a good blog entry called 5 Ways to Boost MySQL Scalability which had some good information, though some of it was over my head. tl;dr I just want to make sure the database doesn't have to be completely redesigned when it scales up, and I'm looking for tips to get it right the first time. The answer I'm looking for is a "list of things every developer should know about making a scalable MySQL database so your application doesn't perform like crap when the data gets huge".

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• Dynamic (C# 4.0) &amp; Var in a nutshell.

  - by mbcrump

  A Var is static typed - the compiler and runtime know the type. This can be used to save some keystrokes. The following are identical. Code Snippet var mike = "var demo"; Console.WriteLine(mike.GetType());  //Returns System.String   string mike2 = "string Demo"; Console.WriteLine(mike2.GetType()); //Returns System.String A dynamic behaves like an object, but with dynamic dispatch. The compiler doesn’t know anything about it at compile time. Code Snippet dynamic duo = "dynamic duo"; Console.WriteLine(duo.GetType()); //System.String //duo.BlowUp(); //A dynamic type does not know if this exist until run-time. Console.ReadLine(); To further illustrate this point, the dynamic type called “duo” calls a method that does not exist called BlowUp(). As you can see from the screenshot below, the compiler is reporting no errors even though BlowUp() does not exist. The program will compile fine. It will however throw a runtimebinder exception after it hits that line of code in runtime. Let’s try the same thing with a Var. This time, we get a compiler error that says BlowUp() does not exist. This program will not compile until we add a BlowUp() method.  I hope this helps with your understand of the two. If not, then drop me a line and I’ll be glad to answer it.

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• Using a random string to authenticate HMAC?

  - by mrwooster

  I am designing a simple webservice and want to use HMAC for authentication to the service. For the purpose of this question we have: a web service at example.com a secret key shared between a user and the server [K] a consumer ID which is known to the user and the server (but is not necessarily secret) [D] a message which we wish to send to the server [M] The standard HMAC implementation would involve using the secret key [K] and the message [M] to create the hash [H], but I am running into issues with this. The message [M] can be quite long and tends to be read from a file. I have found its very difficult to produce a correct hash consistently across multiple operating systems and programming languages because of hidden characters which make it into various file formats. This is of course bad implementation on the client side (100%), but I would like this webservice to be easily accessible and not have trouble with different file formats. I was thinking of an alternative, which would allow the use a short (5-10 char) random string [R] rather than the message for autentication, e.g. H = HMAC(K,R) The user then passes the random string to the server and the server checks the HMAC server side (using random string + shared secret). As far as I can see, this produces the following issues: There is no message integrity - this is ok message integrity is not important for this service A user could re-use the hash with a different message - I can see 2 ways around this Combine the random string with a timestamp so the hash is only valid for a set period of time Only allow each random string to be used once Since the client is in control of the random string, it is easier to look for collisions I should point out that the principle reason for authentication is to implement rate limiting on the API service. There is zero need for message integrity, and its not a big deal if someone can forge a single request (but it is if they can forge a very large number very quickly). I know that the correct answer is to make sure the message [M] is the same on all platforms/languages before hashing it. But, taking that out of the equation, is the above proposal an acceptable 2nd best?

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• would it be bad to put <span> tags within the <head>, for grouping meta data in schema.org format?

  - by hdavis84

  Alright, I'm currently practicing schema.org microdata, and trying to find the best route for every site I build. I have found that i can piggyback itemprops on open graph meta tags. I would like to piggyback more itemprops on opengraph meta tags. However, schema.org requires you to change itemtypes to define all aspects of a "thing". Say I'm defining a LocalBusiness. Open graph has street address, locality, and region i'd like to piggyback on. I'd have to do something like: <html lang="en" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/LocalBusiness"> <head> ... <meta itemprop="name" content="Business Name" /> <meta property="og:url" itemprop="url" content="http://example.com" /> <meta property="og:image" itemprop="image" content="http://example.com/logo.png" /> <span itemprop="address" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/PostalAddress"> <meta property="og:street-address" itemprop="streetAddress" content="1234 Amazing Rd." /> <meta property="og:locality" itemprop="addressLocality" content="Greenfield" /> <meta property="og:region" itemprop="addressRegion" content="IN" /> </span> </head> Although there's more that can be added in, this is enough of an example to show what I'm trying to achieve. I've searched the web to see if it is an issue to use spans in the head or not, because I don't want invalid markup. I know I can mark up the address information in the body of the pages, but the route above would be more efficient. Does anyone have an answer for this?

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• Why is my disk full?

  - by Agmenor

  I installed Ubuntu 12.04 by doing a fresh install where there was previously Ubuntu 11.10. My computer warns me now that my disk is nearly full. After having run apt-get purge, run apt-get autoremove and emptied the Trash can, I still have this problem as shown by this screenshot of Gparted: The disk /dev/sda7 is indeed full. I ran the Disk Usage Analyzer (Baobab) and I am still not sure of what is happening: One of my hypothesis is that when installing Ubuntu 12.04, I didn't configure my disks well and the disk /dev/sda6 is not mounted well as /home. Is this the reason indeed? What should I do to verify this and then to get the things fixed? Here are a few additional details to answer the questions I received (thank you everybody): My home directory is not encrypted. The Backup utility (Déjà Dup) is not set for automatic backups. (I do it myself and manually.) After I mount /dev/sda6, the command df -h gives Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda7 244G 221G 12G 96% / udev 3,9G 4,0K 3,9G 1% /dev tmpfs 1,6G 904K 1,6G 1% /run none 5,0M 0 5,0M 0% /run/lock none 3,9G 164K 3,9G 1% /run/shm /dev/sda6 653G 189G 433G 31% /media/8ec2fa69-039b-4c52-ab1b-034d785132a1 (sorry but formatting this into code does not work, for an unknown reason) Thanks to izx's post, I realized /dev/sda6 was not even mounted before. It contains all the documents I used to have when I was running Ubuntu 11.10.

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