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• Server 2008 RAID 5 Write Speeds

  - by Solipsism

  I recently configured a RAID 5 partition in Server 2008 with 4 RAID 5 disks. These disks are connected through a SATA expansion card that uses PCIe. This morning, I checked and they had finally finished synchronizing, and so I tried to do some speed tests. Copying off the disks started pretty much fine - speeds began at 125MB/s, then trailed down to about 70MB/s, which I found odd but not worrying. Writing TO the disks however is a completely different story. I attempted to copy some of my VM host ISOs onto the disks (~2-4 GB apiece) and this resulted in speeds of approximately 10MB/s. I tried copying both from a local disk (connected directly to the motherboard) and from another server ththe gigabit network and results were the same. I checked the performance monitor while transferring the files and the only thing that stuck out was that my memory hard faults shot up to 6,000 per minute (spiking around 200/s) by explorer.exe. The system is running 2GB of DDR667 ECC RAM and a quad-core 2.3GHz opteron. Is there anything I can do to fix this performance issue (buy more RAM? move the drives to a faster box?, etc) or am I just screwed so long as I stick to windows.

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• Western Digital HDD now freezes my BIOS when loading the video card!

  - by Vercas

  After I have successively and successfully installed 3 Windows XP's on the same partition (Don't ask why...), I restarted my computer again and the BIOS just froze when it loaded the video card. Together with my uncle, we tracked down the problem and found out it's the HDD's fault. We tried booting without the HDD and it worked! (No other HDD (I have only one) but with a Ubuntu Live CD in.) We tried the HDD with a different data bus (It was from an identical computer) but that one didn't let my BIOS recognize the HDD. We also put the HDD in another computer as the second HDD and it DID recognize it but Windows XP kept saying it cannot install a driver and that it installed successfully. Happily, I have managed to backup some of my most important files in that other computer. The following is a list of tests that we have run. With the HDD Original data bus Original computer Result: BIOS freezes WITHOUT the HDD Original data bus Original computer Result: Everything works just fine! With the HDD ANOTHER data bus Original computer Result: Cannot see the HDD With the HDD Original data bus ANOTHER computer Result: It worked! With the HDD ANOTHER data bus ANOTHER computer Result: It worked! During the tests, we had only two data buses and two computers. (each data bus from it's own computer) Strange thing is that the second data bus cannot let the BIOS see the HDD in my computer but works just fine with the other computer. I beg you to help me! I have my most important data on that HDD and I really cannot afford to buy another decent IDE HDD now!

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• What games work well on MacBook Pro (i7/GeForce GT 330M) within VMWare Fusion?

  - by webworm

  I have a 15" MacBook Pro (2.66 i7 with 8 GB RAM) with the GeForce GT 330M 512 MB graphics card. I use it primarily for development (Mac/Web/Windows) though I would like to play the occasional game with my son who uses a desktop PC system at home. I prefer to use VMWare Fusion for virtualization rather than BootCamp for a number of reasons. Heat/Fan issues with i7 under BootCamp Prefer to retain virtual machine as single file rather than dedicated partition (easier to move a nd backup) I have heard that Windows support of the GeForce GT 330 in BootCamp is not all that good. So that being said I was wondering what sort of games I would be able to play within the Fusion environment running Windows 7. I have 8 GB RAM and usually dedicate 4 GB to the virtual machine. I don't expect to be able to play the latest FPS games such as BattleField: Bad Company 2 or Call of Duty, rather I am looking at games such a Total War II, Civilizations IV, Supreme Commander, and other RTS type games. I should mention the native screen resolution of my MacBook Pro is 1680x1050, which is what I would be most likely running the VM at (fullscreen). Thank you for any advice.

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• Is it a good Idea to switch to a SSD to use less battery?

  - by Walter Maier-Murdnelch

  I am thinking of buying a SSD for my laptop, mainly for the purpose of extended operating time when running on battery. At the moment I use a Hitachi HTS545032B9A300 (320GB) (Datasheet) as main drive and a Seagate Momentus 5400.3 120GB as secondary drive. I dualboot Windows and Linux but I don't need the windows partition any longer, a 120GB SDD would be more than sufficient space-wise. Speed is not an issue for me, I make heavy use of tmpfs (ramdrive) within Linux and transfers of bigger files are mainly through some network filesystem anyways, thus a cheaper SSD should do. For the purpose of comparison I chose the OCZ Vertex Plus 120GB. Power consumption always is a big promotional thing the industry uses to make me want to buy their SSDs, some sheet on the OCZ page provides an astonishing comparison of desktop HDDS and SSDs. The numbers I got comparing my laptop HDD and their SSD were not really astonishing any longer. Hitachi 320GB HDD: Startup (W, peak, max.) 4.5 Seek (W, avg.) 1.7 Read / Write (W, avg.) 1.4 Performance idle (W, avg.) 1.3 Active idle (W, avg.) 0.8 Low power idle (W, avg.) 0.5 Standby (W, avg.) 0.2 Sleep 0.1 OCZ 120GB SSD: 1.5W active 0.3W standby I see that there are differences, but actually they don't seem that high as I though they were. And compared to the power consuption of the rest of my system I wonder if it makes a difference at all. Have I just taken the wrong look at the whole thing or may I be better off to buy another battery for my laptop?

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• Debian Wheezy (testing) df reported volume size

  - by TheRoadrunner

  I am a bit confused about the /dev/sda* references since I installed Wheezy instead of Squeeze on a testing box. fdisk -l returns: Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e9623 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 480278527 240138240 83 Linux /dev/sda2 480280574 488396799 4058113 5 Extended /dev/sda5 480280576 488396799 4058112 82 Linux swap / Solaris This seems correct. But df -h /dev/sda (and /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda2 and /dev/sda5) returns: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 10M 0 10M 0% /dev The same happens with every entry under /dev/disk/by-id and /dev/disk/by-path. Only one of two entries under /dev/disk/by-uuid returns the correct volume size: df -h /dev/disk/by-uuid/cacdbad6-7e6b-4e80-84ba-e3c77ef48796 Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/disk/by-uuid/cacdbad6-7e6b-4e80-84ba-e3c77ef48796 229G 22G 196G 11% / Contents of /etc/fstab: # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=cacdbad6-7e6b-4e80-84ba-e3c77ef48796 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=45840d13-ee36-4e77-8e73-16cbdff25eb1 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 /dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto 0 0 It seems all other references than the uuid points to the swap partition. Is this because Wheezy is in testing, and should it be reported as an error?

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• Can't remove zfs log device from pool

  - by netmano

  I run a FreeBSD 9.0 server with ZFS pool version 28 and ZFS version 5. I had two pools with a log on ssd's two partitions. These pools was created on FreeBSD 8.2 with ZFS pool version 15, and ZFS version 4. After I upgraded to the new zfs version, I tried to remove the SSD log device from both pools both command was successful (no error message). One of the pools was the log removed, but the other still there, I down the server removed the ssd physically, and hoped it will be forgot by the zpool. The zpool became degraded as ssd was missing. I tied to remove again. No error message, but the log device entry still there. After it, to became the pool online again, I created a file on the root UFS partition and replaced the missing to device to this file. It was successful, the pool again online. However I can't remove the log device from the pool. Where can I have to look for error messages? (in dmesg there is nothing about it, also the zfs remove doesn't have any error message, it's seem like it was successful.

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• Recommended drive encryption solution

  - by Chris Driver

  Hello, I will soon be purchasing a number of laptops running Windows 7 for our mobile staff. Due to the nature of our business I will need drive encryption. Windows BitLocker seems the obvious choice, but it looks like I need to purchase either Windows 7 Enterprise or Ultimate editions to get it. Can anyone offer suggestions on the best course of action: a) Use BitLocker, bite the bullet and pay to upgrade to Enterprise/Ultimate b) Pay for another 3rd party drive encryption product that is cheaper (suggestions appreciated) c) Use a free drive encryption product such as TrueCrypt Ideally I am also interested in 'real world' experience from people who are using drive encryption software and any pitfalls to look out for. Many thanks in advance... UPDATE Decided to go with TrueCrypt for the following reasons: a) The product has a good track record b) I am not managing a large quantity of laptops so integration with Active Directory, Management consoles etc is not a huge benefit c) Although eks did make a good point about Evil Maid (EM) attacks, our data is not that desirable to consider it a major factor d) The cost (free) is a big plus but not the primary motivator The next problem I face is imaging (Acronis/Ghost/..) encrypted drives will not work unless I perform sector-by-sector imaging. That means an 80Gb encrypted partition creates an 80Gb image file :(

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• Decrease in disk performance after partitioning and encryption, is this much of a drop normal?

  - by Biohazard

  I have a server that I only have remote access to. Earlier in the week I repartitioned the 2 disk raid as follows: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/sda1_crypt 363G 1.8G 343G 1% / tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 2.0G 140K 2.0G 1% /dev tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda5 461M 26M 412M 6% /boot /dev/sda7 179G 8.6G 162G 6% /data The raid consists of 2 x 300gb SAS 15k disks. Prior to the changes I made, it was being used as a single unencrypted root parition and hdparm -t /dev/sda was giving readings around 240mb/s, which I still get if I do it now: /dev/sda: Timing buffered disk reads: 730 MB in 3.00 seconds = 243.06 MB/sec Since the repartition and encryption, I get the following on the separate partitions: Unencrypted /dev/sda7: /dev/sda7: Timing buffered disk reads: 540 MB in 3.00 seconds = 179.78 MB/sec Unencrypted /dev/sda5: /dev/sda5: Timing buffered disk reads: 476 MB in 2.55 seconds = 186.86 MB/sec Encrypted /dev/mapper/sda1_crypt: /dev/mapper/sda1_crypt: Timing buffered disk reads: 150 MB in 3.03 seconds = 49.54 MB/sec I expected a drop in performance on the encrypted partition, but not that much, but I didn't expect I would get a drop in performance on the other partitions at all. The other hardware in the server is: 2 x Quad Core Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz and 4gb RAM $ cat /proc/scsi/scsi Attached devices: Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 32 Lun: 00 Vendor: DP Model: BACKPLANE Rev: 1.05 Type: Enclosure ANSI SCSI revision: 05 Host: scsi0 Channel: 02 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: DELL Model: PERC 6/i Rev: 1.11 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05 Host: scsi1 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: HL-DT-ST Model: CD-ROM GCR-8240N Rev: 1.10 Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 05 I'm guessing this means the server has a PERC 6/i RAID controller? The encryption was done with default settings during debian 6 installation. I can't recall the exact specifics and am not sure how I go about finding them? Thanks

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• A very peculiar problem with an old pc and a newer laptop...

  - by user553492

  I got my old pc ( 248mb ram , 80 GB ) repaired and the tech people put XP in it .My newer laptop has UBUNTU 10.04 .now I only have one cable and one usb cord .So I connected my modem (with only one CAT5 port and 4 usb ports ) to laptop with CAT5 cable .Th internet is working fine . I also wanted to use net on older pc so I installed the usb drivers for win and it worked. But I got fed up of win xp and made a separate partition for FreeBSD which I planned to install .During the install I screwd up sumthing and now freebsd starts with a boot option with a ? mark in place of win xp .If I click on that it gives me a "NTLDR missing " msg. I tried connecting CAT5 cable between old and new pc and tried connecting my laptop with USB cable but nothing happend and then I realozed the modem doesnt have a WORKING usb driver for LINUX :( .FCUK ! .Freebsd doesnt` even detect the LAN cable if I use it for old pc . So basically I have a old pc that has FREEBSD which I can olny start and stare at the blank terminal console but works perfectly otherwise .FREEBSD was supposed to detect the LAN cable ??.And I have a laptop that has LINUX which only works if I connect it with a CAT5 cable .wtf . So what can I do with my old pc ??? any local server (if possible :( ) or some such thing ? or can u suggest any use .Im 18 and im into learning programming , coding .So I can practice it .Thankx !

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• How to tell Linux to explicitly swap out main memory of a suspended process?

  - by Vi

  I run a memory-hungry process (mkcromfs) which consumes more memory than I have physical memory on my latop, so it is paging and swappin and thrashing all the time and loadavg is about 2 (compcache is already in use with usual swap partition as well), but slowly moving forward (Although I afraid it will finally try to allocate 2GB and crash draining 2 days of thrashing). When I want to use the laptop for something else, I stop the process, start X server, firefox and other programs. The problem is that when I start Firefox the loadavg jumps to 10 and the system becomes almost unresponsive at all (long time to turn on/off caps lock, slow mouse cursor position updates, slow switching from X server to Linux console, slow login). The stopped mkcromfs still holds a lot of memory (464.8 MiB and slowly falling) and moves it to swap only when more memory is needed for some other program, which results in a great slowdown. How to tell the Linux to swap out this process entirely (e.g. I'm not intending to resume it in short term), possibly waking from swap other data? Also it will be useful to be able to specify the exact swap device to swap the given process out.

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• problem transferring Win 7 operating system hard drive to be used as external hard drive

  - by itserich

  Win 7 Asus MA479 8GB Ram hard drives are 500GB The operating system was a Caviar Green, and I tried to exchange it for a Caviar Blue. The Caviar Blue took the install correctly, but the Green, the prior operating system hard drive, will not allow itself to be used as an external hard drive. I use TrueCrypt and tried to format the Green and it freezes each time at the very end of the encyrption of the partition. I took the Blue out of the system and tried to encrypt it, and same problem. I think there must be something on the hard drive that shows it was a system drive and it causes a conflict. I have tried writing over the system hard drive to fully erase everything but that does not work, it still freezes. The drives will work in a different pc, i.e. other pc where it never was the system drive. The external hard drive is connected esata through Thermaltake. I have used TrueCrypt on various pc's for years including this Win7 with no problem. Thank you.

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• Does having TRIM enabled affect other hard drives on a computer (and how do you know when Windows is using it)?

  - by Breakthrough

  I recently purchased a solid state drive (an OCZ Vertex 2 (80 GB)) to use as my primary operating system partition. I also have three other SATA hard drives of assorted sizes. I successfully installed Windows 7 Professional onto the SSD (works awesome, great response time and transfer rate), and used the other three HDDs for data storage. I was browsing through the Bible of OCZ SSDs, and noticed the following in Section 60-76 - Tweaks and TRIM: Q. How do I know if TRIM is enabled on my OCZ SSD? A. In Windows 7, go to start/run/cmd), type the following: fsutil.exe behaviour query DisableDeleteNotify It should respond back with: DisableDeleteNotify=0 if TRIM support is ready and active. If it's not, then type: fsutil.exe behavior set DisableDeleteNotify 0 After a bit of searching on Google, I found similar results elsewhere (set DisableDeleteNotify to 0, which makes sense since for TRIM to work, the solid-state drive needs to be notified when deletes occur (for the garbage collector) unlike a normal hard drive). When I run the query on fsutil, I get the following result: DisableDeleteNotify = 48 Following the instructions I found, I set this to 0 instead of 48. However, I am beginning to wonder. Is this all the proof I really need that the OS is using TRIM? Also, since this applies globally for the computer, is TRIM data being sent to the other hard drives connected to the computer? And if so, would this cause any degradation in disk performance?

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• Shortcuts located in "D:\Program Data\..." not working even though they're pointing to the right targets (Windows 7)

  - by Kevin

  I just made a fresh install of my windows 7 home premium using my laptop's recovery disks (HP Pavilion dv6-2151cl) using minimal settings. After install, I set up "Program Data" and "Users" to my D partition to save space changing the folders in the registry. Then I updated windows (including W7 SP1), and installed all other programs. After installing all other programs I noticed that the icons of all new programs (not included in the windows install) in "All Programs" had a blank sheet as icon and they don't do anything. Looked into "D:\Program Data\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs" in the windows explorer and the same is true there. All the shortcuts in C: and "D:\Users..." work both in the "Windows Explorer" and "All Programs". Also I noticed that the shortcuts do display the right icons inside the "open" dialog boxes. And if I copy the shortcuts in "D:\Program Data..." to the desktop they also work as expected. I checked file association for .lnk and it was OK, but also tried the registry fixers for this file association and they had no effect. There are no missing programs that I can tell in the "All Programs" menu, the just don't do anything if they lay in "D:\Program Data...". Any thoughts on how to make Windows 7 treat shortcuts in "D:\Program Data..." as they should?

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• Compatibility of Fedora install on a Hybrid drive

  - by kjh

  I recently bought un ultrabook with a 500gb/32gb sdd hdd hybrid drive, and I'm having trouble replacing windows on it with fedora seventeen. it errors out saying there was an unhandled exception. Is linux compatible with hybrid drives? or can the operating system on a hybrid drive not be replaced? Edit: here are the steps I select special storage devices because it ignores my hard drives otherwise at this point i get the message: "Disk contains bios raid meta data, disk sda will be ignored" I can pick a hostname, select my timezone and set a password at the install type screen, no matter what I select (use all free space, replace linux systems, create custom partition etc..) once I click next, it says "an unhandled exception" has occured. and I can no longer proceed with installation. Here is the error message: anaconda 17.29 exception report Traceback (most recent call first); File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/size-packages/pyanaconda/bootloader.py"; line 183 self.stage1_drive=self_drives[0] File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/rw/cleardisks_gui.ph"; line... and tons of more lines like that

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• De-duplicating backup tool on a block basis? [closed]

  - by SST

  I am looking for an (ideally free as in speech or beer) backup tool for Unix-like OS which can store deduplicated backups, i.e. only nonredundant content takes up additional space. I already looked at dirvish (my first candidate) and rsnapshot which use hardlinks to achieve deduplication on a per-file level. However, as I want to back up large files (Thunderbird mailboxes 3GB, VMware images 10GB), such file are stored again entirely even if just a few bytes change. Then there are rsync-based tools like rdiff-backup which only store deltas and a current mirror. However, as the deltas are generated against each previous mirror, it is difficult to fine-tune the retention granularity (only keep one backup after a week, etc.) because the deltas would have to be re-evaluated. Another approach is to partition content into blocks and store each block only if it is not stored yet, otherwise just linking it to the first occurrence. The only tool I know of that does this by now is obnam (http://liw.fi/obnam), and it even supports zlib-compression and gpg-encryption -- nice! But it is very slow, AFAICT. Does any one know any other, solid backup software which supports deduplication on a sub-file level, ideally with at least some management options (show/select/delete generations...)?

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• What diagnostics are safe to run on an SSD drive?

  - by Peter Mounce

  I have a MacBook Pro (late 2010) with a Crucial RealSSD 256Gb in it; 60Gb is given to the Windows 7 x64 BootCamp partition. I have a USB-attached 500Gb drive for (most) data. In the last day or so, I've had a BSOD and several OS freezes (both Mac OSX 10.6.6 and Win7). The system in both cases will boot fine (at the moment!) and then run things fine, then some time later a program will stop responding, followed shortly thereafter by the system as a whole, forcing a reboot. This smacks to me of a storage problem. Given that I have an SSD and not a regular magnetic HDD, what are my next steps, in both OS'? I haven't seen anything pertinent in Windows' event-log. I'm not sure of the equivalent place to look in OSX; it's never given me issue to find out. What are my options for attempting to save my data from the SSD to another drive, given that after some small amount of time (eg half an hour), the OS stops responding? What are the recommended next steps?

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• Kickstarting an Ubuntu Server 10.04 installation (DHCP fails)

  - by William

  I'm trying to automate the network installation of Ubuntu 10.04 LTS with an anaconda kickstart and everything seems to running except for the initial DHCP autoconfiguration. The installer attempts to configure the install via DHCP but fails on its first attempt. This brings me to a prompt where I can retry DHCP and it seems to always work on the second attempt. My issue is that this is not really automated if I have to hit retry for DHCP. Is there something I can add to the kickstart file so that it will automatically retry or better yet not fail the first time? Thanks. Kickstart: # System language lang en_US # Language modules to install langsupport en_US # System keyboard keyboard us # System mouse mouse # System timezone timezone America/New_York # Root password rootpw --iscrypted $1$unrsWyF2$B0W.k2h1roBSSFmUDsW0r/ # Initial user user --disabled # Reboot after installation reboot # Use text mode install text # Install OS instead of upgrade install # Use Web installation url --url=http://10.16.0.1/cobbler/ks_mirror/ubuntu-10.04-x86_64/ # System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr # Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr yes # Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel # Disk partitioning information part swap --size 512 part / --fstype ext3 --size 1 --grow # System authorization infomation auth --useshadow --enablemd5 %include /tmp/pre_install_ubuntu_network_config # Always install the server kernel. preseed --owner d-i base-installer/kernel/override-image string linux-server # Install the Ubuntu Server seed. preseed --owner tasksel tasksel/force-tasks string server # Firewall configuration firewall --disabled # Do not configure the X Window System skipx %pre wget "http://10.16.0.1/cblr/svc/op/trig/mode/pre/system/Test-D" -O /dev/null # Network information # Start pre_install_network_config generated code # Start of code to match cobbler system interfaces to physical interfaces by their mac addresses # Start eth0 # Configuring eth0 (00:1A:64:36:B1:C8) if ip -o link show | grep -i 00:1A:64:36:B1:C8 then IFNAME=$(ip -o link show | grep -i 00:1A:64:36:B1:C8 | cut -d" " -f2 | tr -d :) echo "network --device=$IFNAME --bootproto=dhcp" >> /tmp/pre_install_ubuntu_network_config fi # End pre_install_network_config generated code %packages openssh-server

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• ASUS laptop doesn't charge/use the battery after reinstalling Windows 7

  - by Stan

  I've done a clean install of Windows 7 x64 on an ASUS X501A laptop. The battery is detected and shows in the system tray as "plugged in, charging". However the charge level stays at 76% and if the AC cord is plugged out the laptop turns off. The laptop does not turn on without being plugged in either. Everything worked perfectly prior to reinstall. I've tried: Downloading and installing all the ASUS drivers, including the ATK ACPI driver Checking the BIOS - there do not seem to be any battery-related settings Flashing the BIOS to the latest version Uninstalling Microsoft ACPI-Compliant Control Method Battery in device manager as suggested on the internet Full power discharge/ATX reset as suggested by ASUS support: remove mains power charger, remove battery, press and hold power button for 10 seconds, reconnect battery and mains and turn on I have a feeling all this may have something to do with the EFI BIOS that comes on the laptop. During the reinstall I had to delete all partitions and start anew, because the Windows installer complained about the improper order of GPT partitions. The EFI System Partition was recreated by the installer, and I am guessing that it may be missing the particular ACPI driver needed to make the battery work. I've tried researching this, but could not come up with any useful info. I am hoping someone here may know a bit more about this and maybe help me understand what's going on and how to fix it. Barring that, I'll have to re-image the drive off an identical ASUS laptop with stock install and hope it fixes things.

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• Why does my simple Raid 1 backup storage perform really slow sometimes?

  - by randomguy

  I bought 2x Samsung F3 EcoGreen 2TB hard disks to make a backup storage. I put them in Raid 1 (mirror) mode. Made a single partition and formatted it to NTFS, running Windows 7. For some reason, accessing the drive's contents (simply by navigating folders) is sometimes really slow. Like opening D:/photos/ can sometimes take several seconds before it starts showing any of the folder's contents. Same applies for other folders. What could be causing this and what could I do to improve the performance? I remember that there was an option somewhere inside Windows to choose fast access but less reliable persistence operations (read/write). It was a tick inside some dialog. At the time, it felt like a good idea to take the tick away from the option and get more reliable persistence but slower access, but now I'm regretting. I'm unable to find this dialog.. I've looked hard. I don't know, if it would make any difference. Oh, and I've ran scan disk and defrag on the drive. No errors and speed isn't improved.

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• How do I prevent my computer from freezing when it starts to swap?

  - by cdauth

  I work as a Java programmer, so I often have to run several programs at the same time that consume a lot of memory. When my memory is full and Linux starts swapping, my computer almost completely freezes. I can see that it is heavily writing on the hard-disk and everything reacts really slowly, often not at all. Moving the mouse in X sometimes doesn’t work at all, sometimes it has a delay of several seconds, clicking usually has a delay of several minutes. Sometimes it is possible to change to the TTY (with a long delay), there I can usually type without delay, but when I try to log in, it takes several minutes after typing in the user name until the password prompt appears, and usually an error message appears that tells me that the login timed out. So the only possibility is usually to restart the computer. I noticed that other intensive writing to the hard disk also significantly slows down my computer. Sometimes, I used rsync to limit the bandwidth when I copied files around on my own computer, as else the system would be almost unusable. How can this be? At the moment it seems more useful to me to completely turn off swapping. That might crash some processes, which is unfortunate, but the alternative at the moment is to crash all processes by turning off my computer. I am using Gentoo Linux with kernel 3.6.2-gentoo, I have a 10 GB swap partition on a HDD.

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• Drive letter not appearing after heat-related crash

  - by NickAldwin

  I recently had my old PC (has 3 physical hard drives partitioned into 6 partitions) off while on vacation. When I came back, I turned it on. I hadn't realized the room was warmer than it usually is due to hot weather while I was away. The computer was extremely slow to start up, then it crashed. When i rebooted, it got halfway through chkdsk on one of the non-system partitions, then crashed again. I opened it up and felt the hard drives and immediately shut down the computer and moved it to my basement to cool down because it was so hot. I left it there for a length of time while I reinstalled the A/C. I have now turned it on again. It is working fine, and every drive except for the one with the partition that was being checked has appeared in Windows. I scheduled chkdsk for all of the other partitions anyway, just in case, but I'm worried about that drive. I'm pretty sure the drive itself hasn't broken but that crashing in the middle of a chkdsk repair may have corrupted the data. What would you do in this situation? Most of the data on that drive was backed up, so it's not a huge deal if I lost it, but I'd like to get it back if I could. I also would love to regain usability of the drive, even if I have to wipe it -- but that's a last-resort sort of thing. What do you suggest I do?

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• What does it mean to install two OS's alongside each other?

  - by Josh

  I currently have Windows 7 installed on my PC. However, I just tried out Ubuntu via booting from a disc and I love it. I want to install it onto my HDD, but I don't want to get rid of Windows 7. I know HOW to do this, but I am a little unsure what the consequences might be. What does it mean to install Ubuntu alongside Windows? Do they share the same resources? Also, I have my HDD already partitioned into two sections, a 70 GB section where Windows is installed and then another 400 GB section where all my data is stored. There is currently 26 GB free on the 70GB partition. I know Ubuntu doesn't take up much space. However, if I install Ubuntu in that space, will I still be able to install programs on Windows in the future? My main concern is that I am going to short-change my hard drive space for future installations. EDIT: I guess another big question I have is if I install a program on one OS, will the other be able to use it?

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• How to tell Linux to explicitly swap out main memory of suspended process?

  - by Vi

  I run a memory-hungry process (mkcromfs) which consumes more memory than I have physical memory on my latop, so it is paging and swappin and thrashing all the time and loadavg is about 2 (compcache is already in use with usual swap partition as well), but slowly moving forward (Although I afraid it will finally try to allocate 2GB and crash draining 2 days of thrashing). When I want to use the laptop for something else, I stop the process, start X server, firefox and other programs. The problem is that when I start Firefox the loadavg jumps to 10 and the system becomes almost unresponsive at all (long time to turn on/off caps lock, slow mouse cursor position updates, slow switching from X server to Linux console, slow login). The stopped mkcromfs still holds a lot of memory (464.8 MiB and slowly falling) and moves it to swap only when more memory is needed for some other program, which results in a great slowdown. How to tell the Linux to swap out this process entirely (e.g. I'm not intending to resume it in short term), possibly waking from swap other data? Also it will be useful to be able to specify the exact swap device to swap the given process out.

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• Windows Vista freezes

  - by Kakurady

  Windows Vista (32-bit) would randomly freeze on my computer, usually 15-30 minutes after login but can happen just after login. All applications would stop responding and the hard drive will not make any sound, and after a while, the mouse cursor will also stop moving. I dual-boot Ubuntu, and that still works fine. It started with the computer freezing when loading Team Fortress 2. Alt-Tab and Ctrl-Alt-Del have no effect, and the hard drive does not make any sound. I tried to verify the game data using Steam and that freezes the computer too. So I stupidly reinstalled the game. Now the game doesn't freeze when it starts, but instead the whole computer randomly freezes. This computer is a Dell XPS M1530 with a 320GB (298GiB) drive (WDC WD3200BEVT-7) split 5-ways, with Windows and Linux a partition each, one more for Linux swap space, and another two partitions for Dell diagnostic program and factory image and drivers. There was once where the hard drive would make clicking noises all day, and only stopped when I rebooted the computer. Since then, the BIOS diagnostics would fail the drive (for "self-test log contains previous errors") whenever ran. (The on-disk diagnostics cannot be run because I overwrote the MBR with GRUB.) Naturally, I thought the hard drive could be the problem. CHKDSK found one bad sector, but this seems to have no effect. System File Checker found two protected files with wrong hashes, one is some kind of IE manifest, and the other is a tcpmon.ini. Neither of them can be restored because their back up copy also have wrong hashes. Nothing about system failures in the event viewer. What should I do next?

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• Ubuntu inside VirtualBox is slow

  - by Kapsh

  I am running an Ubuntu instance on VirtualBox inside XP. Here are the details: Host: Windows XP Pro Guest: Ubuntu 8.10 Total RAM: 3GB RAM For VM: 1GB Total Video Memory: 128MB Video Memory for VM: 40MB Hard Drive: 200GB Hard Drive for VM: 30GB Processor: 2.80GHz Core Duo The problem is that whenever I am inside the virtual machine, things seem so much slower in general. For example Firefox, Eclipse take longer to load, dragging windows show a lag etc. I have tried running Ubuntu before (not inside a VM) and it seemed fantastically fast. So I am disappointed to have to deal with this situation. But I need access to the XP partition without having to reboot and hence the attempt. I am surprised with the perceived slowness since the whole world seems to be doing virtualization and I cannot imagine everyone works on slow systems knowingly. My question is - is there something I should be doing to boost performance? Am I doing something wrong? This is my home machine and I am not sure if this is the right forum to ask. Thanks.

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