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  • Why assign write and execute permissions to a group when executing web scripts?

    - by PeanutsMonkey
    If I have a script that is to be executed by the nobody user, why is there a need to assign group write and execute permissions. For example in the article at http://www.zzee.com/solutions/unix-permissions.shtml, it notes that the permission 755 should be assigned to scripts on a web server. I understand that the user nobody is treated as others and as the owner of the script I would like full permissions. Am I missing something?

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  • Ways to increase my Ubuntu partition space

    - by Andreas Grech
    I am currently running Ubuntu and Windows 7 as dual-boot on a single HD. The problem is that when I installed Ubuntu, I didn't allocate as much space as I thought I would need and now I need 'reinstall' Ubuntu so that I can increase the amount of storage space. Now there are two ways to go about this. Either I use use gparted to increase my partition space (but I read that it's not really that safe as regards data loss) or create the new partition with more space and reinstall Ubuntu there. But if want to reinstall Ubuntu, is there a way I can somehow "save" my current Ubuntu and install that one? What I mean is that I don't want to lose my current installed packages and files that I have on this partition. Is there a way to kind of maybe 'streamline' my current Ubuntu so that I install this one on the new partition? If not, what are your opinions as regards gparted?

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  • openldap make sure password does not contain username

    - by Ryan Horrisberger
    Is there a way using openldap to ensure that a user's password does not contain their name or their username? I know that you can use the ppolicy overlay pwdCheckModule by writing a C function to do password checking, but is this the best approach? It doesn't seem like many folks are doing password quality checking this way--the only example I've found is a github example which only does basic checking.

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  • Adding user to chroot environment

    - by Neo
    I've created a chroot system in my Ubuntu using schroot and debrootstrap, based on minimal ubuntu. However whenever I can't seem to add a new user into this chroot environment. Here is what happens. I enter schroot as root and add a new user.(Tried both adduser and useradd commands) The username lists up in /etc/passwd file and I can 'su' into the new user. So far so good. When I log out of schroot, and re-enter schroot, the user I created has vanished!! There is no mention of that user in /etc/passwd either. How do I make the new user permanent?

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  • Comparing 2 (or 3 Files If Possible) "Line By Line"

    - by PythEch
    I want to find out the differences of 2 (or 3 files if possible) line by line. Diff utils can do this, however it gives inaccurate results. Because, 2 files have exact number of lines which is "134". But diff gives me "Added Lines" and "Removed Lines". However this is wrong, they have exact the same number of lines, there is no added or removed lines. The text files which I want to find differences of them, have only numbers written, maybe that's why that algortihm fails. I couldn't find any option to prevent that, however I may be wrong, I mean there should be an option for that, but again, I couldn't find. This is what I get (5am.txt vs 6am.txt, there is a huge problem): This is what I want (6am.txt vs 7am.txt, still has problems): But, first the first image still has this problem, at the last lines. Edit: After I figured out that there is no utility to do this, I handled myself. I almost did the same thing as what RedGrittyBrick have done. This script imitates diff utility so I (or you) can use it with diff2html. To use it with diff2html, just change line diff_stdout = os.popen("diff %s" % string.join(argv[1:]), "r") to diff_stdout = os.popen("script.py %s" % string.join(argv[1:]), "r") and name this script whatever you want: import sys f1=open(sys.argv[1],"r") f1_read=f1.readlines() f1.close() f2=open(sys.argv[2],"r") f2_read=f2.readlines() f2.close() changed={} first_c = "" for n in range(len(f1_read)): if f1_read[n]!=f2_read[n]: if first_c == "": first_c=n+1 changed[first_c]=n+1 else: first_c="" #Let's imitate diff-utils... for (x, y) in changed.items(): print "%d,%dc%d,%d" % (x,y,x,y) for i in range(x,y+1): sys.stdout.write("< %s" % f1_read[i-1]) print "---" for i in range(x,y+1): sys.stdout.write("> %s" % f2_read[i-1]) Final results:

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  • How can I register a custom protocol with xdg?

    - by julien
    I've been struggling this morning trying to associate an application with a custom protocol, namely emacsclient and org-protocol. I'm calling this protocol from a webbrowser bookmarklet, and I get the following behaviour : In chromium, the "Launch Application" dialog comes up, and calls xdg-open org-protocol://... which ends up firing a new chromium frame. In firefox, I've tried setting network.protocol-handler.app.org-protocol to an empty string or my emacsclient path, anyhow I get the following error message : "Firefox doesn't know how to open this address, because the protocol (org-protocol) isn't associated with any program" without even showing any external application selection dialog. I'm not using any desktop environment, so I need to make this work strictly with xdg, however, despite reading the shared mime info spec etc, I still can't fathom a working configuration.

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  • Configuring sendmail to forward mail for a specific domain to a specific mail server without using M

    - by aHunter
    I am new to sendmail and would like to configure sendmail to forward all mail for a specific email address to another internal mail server. I need it to ignore the MX records and only send it to the server I specify but am not sure which files to edit or how to configure the sendmail config. Is it sufficient to add the server to the /etc/hosts and the /etc/mail/local-host-names files? Thanks in advance.

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  • How to determine the best byte size for the dd command

    - by James
    I know that doing a dd if=/dev/hda of=/dev/hdb does a deep hard drive copy. I've heard that people have been able to speed up the process by increasing the number of bytes that are read and written at a time (512) with the "bs" option. People have suggested that the optimal byte size is due to sector size. I personally think it would have something to do with the amount of cache that the hard drive has. My question is: What determines the ideal byte size for copying from a hard drive? and Why does that determine the ideal byte size?

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  • Descending list ordered by file modification time

    - by LanceBaynes
    How can I generate a list of files in a directory [for example, "/mnt/hdd/PUB/"] ordered by the files modification time? [in descending order, the oldest modified file is at the lists end] ls -A -lRt would be great: https://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=AzuSVmrJ But if a file is changed in a directory, it lists the full directory, so the pastebined link isn't good [I don't want a list ordered by "directories", I need a "per file" ordered list] OS: OpenWrt [no Perl - not enough space for it :( + no "stat", or "file" command].

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  • Default IPv6 route on debian squeeze does not come up after boot

    - by Georg Bretschneider
    I have a problem with my default IPv6 route not coming up after boot on a Debian Squeeze system. This is my config (/etc/network/interfaces): # Loopback device: auto lo iface lo inet loopback iface lo inet6 loopback # device: br0 auto br0 iface br0 inet static bridge_ports eth0 bridge_fd 0 address 88.198.62.xx broadcast 88.198.62.63 netmask 255.255.255.224 gateway 88.198.62.33 up route add -net 88.198.62.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 gw 88.198.62.33 br0 iface br0 inet6 static address 2a01:4f8:131:10x::2 netmask 64 gateway 2a01:4f8:131:100::1 up route -A inet6 add 2a01:4f8:131:100::1/59 dev br0 My inet comes up alright, but I have to exec the route command manually after boot to make IPv6 work. Otherwise I can't even reach my gateway. This is the output of ip -6 route show after boot: 2a01:4f8:131:10x::/64 dev br0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 unreachable fe80::/64 dev lo proto kernel metric 256 error -101 mtu 16436 advmss 16376 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev br0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 I already tried it with: up ip -6 route add 2a01:4f8:131:100::1 dev br0 up ip -6 route add default via 2a01:4f8:131:100::1 dev br0 in /etc/network/interfaces, but with the same results. If I execute those commands manually on my shell, everything starts working nicely. And yes, I tried with post-up instead of up, too. Only other changes I made was to activate ip forwarding for IPv6, because I want to run some LXC containers on that system.

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  • Forcedeth - too many iterations (6) in > nv_nic_irq

    - by RyanC
    Hey, I'm having trouble with an onboard nvidia gigabit network, under times of heavy load on the network, I'm seeing this error logged: "too many iterations (6) in nv_nic_irq" I'm running Hadoop DFS over these NICs and I see checksum errors build up until the whole thing just fails. I'm running the 2.6.26-2-amd64 kernel, and my initial research seems to imply its a problem with the forcedeth driver. Has anyone run into this problem before? Thanks in advance if anyone can help! Ryan

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  • Alternative to the tee command whitout STDOUT

    - by aef
    I'm using | sudo tee FILENAME to be able to write or append to a file for which superuser permissions are required quite often. Although I understand why it is helpful in some situation, that tee also sends its input to STDOUT again, I never ever actually used that part of tee for anything useful. In most situations, this feature only causes my screen to be filled with unwanted jitter, if I don't go the extra step and manually silence it with tee 1> /dev/null. My question: Is there is a command arround, which does exactly the same thing as tee, but does by default not output anything to STDOUT?

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  • How to Configure Sendmail / Webmin for second IP?

    - by user310594
    Hi, LAMP Centos5.4 Webmin Until recently I have had all domains using "server1.example.com" Now I have newdomain.com on second.ip.address.works (works for DNS that is) Please tell me how to setup sendmail so the mail is sent from the second ip address? This is new for me: IF I need to create a second server called "server2.domain2.com", then please tell exactly how since I'm only experienced with one server per VPS. Whether "server2.domain2.com" needs to be created or not, here is exactly what is needed: # Mail being sent from domains using ns1.example.com needs to be sent from that server and that IP. Mail being sent from domains using nsother.example2.com sent from that IP + how to set up the second server / hostname, if needed. Thank you.

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  • How to make a vm scale when demand for resource increases

    - by Cray XT3
    i am having a server with 16 virtual core and 24G RAM,using Xen virtualization and ubuntu as dom0 Created 4 VMs (in para mode),each with different applications. CPU Load vary on each vm,somtimes first vm reaches nearly 100% CPU and others under 25% or even less. So is there a way in which vm can get cpu from other vms when they are not actually using it or utilization is under 25%.Same in the case of RAM also. I am not sure whether i am mentioning Cloud here. Initially i would like to give every vm a single VCPU,but can scale up to 8 or more by taking cpu from other vms if they are not using it. Is there any kind of tool that makes vm to scale its resources when demand increases. Is cloudstack and openstack designed for these kind of purpose or is that just a GUI to manage VMs.

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  • Lubuntu LiveCD disabling auto-mount.

    - by PxE Booter
    In cooperation with my IT teacher we want to boot all PC's in IT class with Lubuntu. I've successfully set up PXE server, but there is one thing that worries us. Harddrives shouldn't be accessible from booted Lubuntu(normal user only). Would adding to fstab something like: /dev/sda1 /Idk/What auto noauto work? I'd like to add that I can uncompress squashfs livecd filesystem. If no, what other solution is there, to block auto-mounting /dev/sda drive?

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  • How can I get Gnome-Do to open in multiple X Screens?

    - by btelles
    Hi, I LOVE Gnome-Do (the Ubuntu version of QuickSilver). The only thing is that I have several monitors, which are all completely separate X Screens (I.E. I can't move windows between them), and Gnome-Do will only open in ONE of those monitors. If I go to Monitor/Screen #2 and press Super+Space, the Gnome-Do window appears in the first monitor. Is it possible to get a separate Instance of Gnome-Do on each Screen? P.S. Using profiles may be a work-around...I've managed to get multiple instances of Firefox by using "firefox -P my_first_screen"...anything like that available in Gnome-do?

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  • Accidentally dd'ed an image to wrong drive / overwrote partition table + NTFS partition start

    - by Kento Locatelli
    I screwed up and set the wrong output for dd when trying to copy a freenas iso, overwriting the wrong external hard drive. Ironically, I was trying to setup a freenas server for data backup... External drive is only used for data storage, system is entirely intact Drive had a single NTFS partition filing the entire device (2TB WD elements) Drive originally had an MBR partition table. Drive now shows as having a GPT, presumably from the freenas image. Drive was mounted at the time, with maybe a couple kB of data written/read after running dd Drive is just a few months old and healthy (regular SMART / fs checks) I have not reboot the OS (crunchbang) /proc/partition still holds the correct information (and has been stored) Have dd's output (records in / out / bytes) testdrive did not find any partitions on quick or deep search running photorec to recover the more important data (a couple recent plaintext files that hadn't been backed up yet). Vast majority of disk content ( 80%) is unnecessary media files. My current plan is to let photorec do it's thing, then recreate the mbr with gparted and use cfdisk to create another NTFS partition using the sector information from /sys/block/.../. Is that a good course of action (that is, a chance of success)? Or anything else I should try first? Possibly relevant information: dd if=FreeNAS-8.0.4-RELEASE-p3-x86.iso of=/dev/sdc: 194568+0 records in 194568+0 records out 99618816 bytes (100 MB) copied grep . /sys/block/sdc/sdc*/{start,size}: /sys/block/sdc/sdc1/start:2048 /sys/block/sdc/sdc1/size:3907022848 cat /proc/partitions: major minor #blocks name ** Snipped ** 8 32 1953512448 sdc 8 33 1953511424 sdc1 current fdisk -l output: WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdc'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdc: 2000.4 GB, 2000396746752 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table

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  • One NIC going to sleep on Centos system

    - by sbleon
    I have two Dell boxes with two ethernet ports a piece. I have a cable directly connecting two of these ports, creating a tiny LAN with 10.3.3.x addresses. The other port on each box is hooked up to a switch and has a DHCP-supplied address to talk to the outside world. I've noticed that when scp'ing large files from one box to the other over the private LAN, the transfers sometimes stall. It appears that any other network activity on either box will cause the transfer to resume. Wake-on-LAN is disabled on all interfaces according to ethtool. What else could be causing these stalled transfers?

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  • installing wxGTK-devel on CentOS 5.4

    - by jackhab
    I'm trying to install wxGTK-devel on CentOS and since it's not in the base repo I added RPMForge. But now I'm getting these broken dependencies. I don't want start tampering with separate rpms because I suspect it will make thing worse. I remember installing this package from RPMForge without a problem several months ago. Please, advise. ... wxGTK-2.8.10-1.el4.rf.x86_64 from rpmforge has depsolving problems -- Missing Dependency: libgstreamer-0.8.so.1()(64bit) is needed by package wxGTK-2.8.10-1.el4.rf.x86_64 (rpmforge) wxGTK-2.8.10-1.el4.rf.x86_64 from rpmforge has depsolving problems -- Missing Dependency: libgstgconf-0.8.so.0()(64bit) is needed by package wxGTK-2.8.10-1.el4.rf.x86_64 (rpmforge) wxGTK-2.8.10-1.el4.rf.x86_64 from rpmforge has depsolving problems -- Missing Dependency: libgstinterfaces-0.8.so.0()(64bit) is needed by package wxGTK-2.8.10-1.el4.rf.x86_64 (rpmforge) Error: Missing Dependency: libgstreamer-0.8.so.1()(64bit) is needed by package wxGTK-2.8.10-1.el4.rf.x86_64 (rpmforge) Error: Missing Dependency: libgstinterfaces-0.8.so.0()(64bit) is needed by package wxGTK-2.8.10-1.el4.rf.x86_64 (rpmforge) Error: Missing Dependency: libgstgconf-0.8.so.0()(64bit) is needed by package wxGTK-2.8.10-1.el4.rf.x86_64 (rpmforge)

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  • Ubuntu server; Backup of server and MySql database, and Solr database

    - by Camran
    How is backup done on ubuntu servers? I have a server (Ubuntu 9.10) which has apache2 installed, php5, mysql etc... The website is a classifieds website where all classifieds are stored in mysql and Solr. I need to backup this server with all information to be able to fully restore it if something goes wrong. How should I start? Is it an automated task, or will I do backups manually? (prefer manually) Thanks

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  • shinken/nagios discriminative between warning alert and critical alert

    - by SWdream
    i using shinken for my monitoring system. Now, i have a problem when i configure shinken notification. My purpose is to discriminative between notification for warning state and critical state of check service: with warning state: + time to send alert from 8h = 18 h everyday, via email and sms + notification_interval is 60 minutes (Re-notify about service problems every hour) with critical state: + time to send alert : all time (24 x 7), via email and sms + notification_interval is 30 minutes Please show me how to solve my problem! I have tried the following: i configured: + contact templates: define contact{ name warning-contact ; The name of this contact template register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS DEFINITION - ITS NOT A REAL CONTACT, JUST A TEMPLATE! host_notifications_enabled 1 define contact{ service_notifications_enabled 1 email shinken@localhost can_submit_commands 1 notificationways email_warning, sms_warning } define contact{ name critical-contact ; The name of this contact template register 0 ; DONT REGISTER THIS DEFINITION - ITS NOT A REAL CONTACT, JUST A TEMPLATE! host_notifications_enabled 1 service_notifications_enabled 1 email shinken@localhost can_submit_commands 1 notificationways email_critical, sms_critical } + time poriod templates: define timeperiod{ timeperiod_name warning alias Normal Work Hours monday 08:00-18:00 tuesday 08:00-18:00 wednesday 08:00-18:00 thursday 08:00-18:00 friday 08:00-18:00 saturday 08:00-18:00 sunday 08:00-18:00 #exclude 24x7 } define timeperiod{ timeperiod_name 24x7 alias 24_Hours_A_Day,_7_Days_A_Week sunday 00:00-24:00 monday 00:00-24:00 tuesday 00:00-24:00 wednesday 00:00-24:00 thursday 00:00-24:00 friday 00:00-24:00 saturday 00:00-24:00 #exclude workhours } + notification way templates: define notificationway{ notificationway_name email_warning service_notification_period warning host_notification_period warning service_notification_options w host_notification_options d,u,r,f,s notification_interval 60 ; Resend notifications every 30 minutes service_notification_commands notify-service-by-email ; send service notifications via email host_notification_commands notify-host-by-email ; send host notifications via email } define notificationway{ notificationway_name email_critical service_notification_period 24x7 host_notification_period 24x7 service_notification_options c,r host_notification_options d,u,r,f,s notification_interval 30 ; Resend notifications every 30 minutes service_notification_commands notify-service-by-email ; send service notifications via email host_notification_commands notify-host-by-email ; send host notifications via email } define notificationway{ notificationway_name sms_warning service_notification_period warning host_notification_period warning service_notification_options w host_notification_options d,u,r,f,s notification_interval 60 ; Resend notifications every 30 minutes service_notification_commands notify-service-by-sms ; send service notifications via sms host_notification_commands notify-host-by-sms ; send host notifications via sms } define notificationway{ notificationway_name sms_critical service_notification_period 24x7 host_notification_period 24x7 service_notification_options c,r host_notification_options d,u,r,f,s notification_interval 30 ; Resend notifications every 30 minutes service_notification_commands notify-service-by-sms ; send service notifications via sms host_notification_commands notify-host-by-sms ; send host notifications via sms } + my contacts define contact{ use warning-contact contact_name thanhwarn email xxxx pager xxxx ; contact phone number } define contact{ use critical-contact contact_name thanhcritical email xxxxx pager 01689xxxx ; contact phone number } + and define service: define service{ use generic-service service_description check_ram host_name graphite contacts thanhcritical, thanhwarn check_command check_nrpe!check_ram } but my shinken system don't send alert. i don't understand this. please show me where I went wrong! thanks all!

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  • Postfix character encoding?

    - by Camran
    I use Postfix as a mailserver. I have Ubuntu OS. Then I use PHP to send emails. Problem is that none of my emails are encoded properly by a mailsoftware which my VPS provider uses. According to them, the problem lies with me. It is only the name field which isn't encoded properly. For example "Björn" becomes "Björn" in my emails. However, when I echo the $name, it outputs "Björn" which is correct. Also, gmail and hotmail does show it correctly. The strange part is that the "text" (the message itself) is encoded properly. I use the following for sending mail: $headers="MIME-Version: 1.0"."\n"; $headers.="Content-type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8"."\n"; $headers.="From: $name <$email>"."\n"; $name= iconv(mb_detect_encoding($name), "UTF-8//IGNORE//TRANSLIT", $name); //// I HAVE TRIED WITH AND WITHOUT THE LINE ABOVE, NO DIFFERENCE mail($to, '=?UTF-8?B?'.base64_encode($subject).'?=', $text, $headers, '[email protected]'); I have tried with and without the iconv line also, no luck. The last thing I can think of is POSTFIX, could there be a setting for character encoding there? Anybody knows?

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