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  • What are "build-essential" & "build-dep"?

    - by Adam Siddhi
    I am researching how to install Ruby 1.9.1 in Xubuntu 10.04 and I came across the command build-essential and build-dep multiple times. Sometimes it is followed by packages and sometimes it is both preceded and post-ceded by packages. The 2 examples I am looking at are: sudo apt-get install build-essential zlib1g zlib1g-dev zlibc libruby1.9 libxml2 libxml2-dev libxslt-dev sudo apt-get build-dep ruby1.9 and sudo apt-get install ruby irb ri rdoc ruby1.8-dev libzlib-ruby libyaml-ruby libreadline-ruby libncurses-ruby libcurses-ruby libruby libruby-extras libfcgi-ruby1.8 build-essential libopenssl-ruby libdbm-ruby libdbi-ruby libdbd-sqlite3-ruby sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev libsqlite3-ruby libxml-ruby libxml2-dev

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  • How to have a shell script available everywhere I SSH to

    - by aib
    I have a shell script which I simply cannot do without: bar from Theiling Online I use SSH a lot and on a variety of *nix servers. However, I am not a system administrator and usually don't have the time or privileges to install it on every server I connect to. It is apparently a very portable sh script and has command line options to export itself as a shell function, which got me thinking: Could I use one of OpenSSH's subjectively obscure features to export it everywhere I go? My first thought was to assign the source to an environment variable like BAR = "cat -v" and then execute it on the other side as `$BAR`, but 1) I can't even get the cat example to to work locally, 2) I don't know how to put the script's actual multiline source into an environment variable and 3) I have yet to see a machine with PermitUserEnvironment enabled. I guess I could even do with an ssh option to write a file called ~/bar at logon, but a more volatile solution would be better. Calling wget http://.../bar at logon would be unacceptable. Any ideas? P.S. Putty-specific solutions, though I doubt any would exist, are also fine.

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  • Debian Bluetooth headphones not working

    - by cYrus
    Hardware Headphones Bluetooth dongle Maybe not exactly these models. Setup I tried to follow some guides, here's what I've done so far: Install software: sudo apt-get install bluez-utils bluez-alsa Reboot (just to be sure): $ dmesg | grep -i bluetooth [ 20.268212] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.16 [ 20.268230] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized [ 20.268233] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized [ 20.268235] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized [ 20.268239] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized [ 20.284685] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized [ 20.284692] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized [ 20.284693] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11 [ 20.335375] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3 [ 20.335378] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast The deamon is running: $ /etc/init.d/bluetooth status [ ok ] bluetooth is running. Plug the dongle: $ dmesg | tail [...] [23108.352034] usb 5-2: new full-speed USB device number 2 using ohci_hcd [23108.571131] usb 5-2: New USB device found, idVendor=0a12, idProduct=0001 [23108.571136] usb 5-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0 [23108.629042] usbcore: registered new interface driver btusb Put the headphones in pairing mode, and try scanning: $ hcitool scan Scanning ... Found nothing. What's next? What should I try? I'll update this answer as soon as you provide me hints.

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  • How to repair Java in Ubuntu after trying to switch to Java 6 using update-java-alternatives

    - by Kau-Boy
    I tried to switch from Java 5 to Java 6 using the "update-java-alternatives" command like explained on this page: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Java But afterwards I get the following error when I tried to execute java: root@webserver:~# java Error occurred during initialization of VM Could not reserve enough space for object heap Could not create the Java virtual machine. I also tried to reinstall the java binaries using "apt-get" but I didn't succeed reinstalling it. I would like to post the "apt-get" errors, but unfortunately I don't know how to print out the error messages in English and not in German. My system is a Ubuntu 8.04 ROOT server.

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  • How can I setup a group writeable directory?

    - by meder
    $ whoami meder $ cd /var/www $ sudo mkdir html $ sudo groupadd web $ sudo usermod -a -G web meder $ sudo usermod -a -G web medertest $ sudo chown meder:web html $ sudo chmod -R g+rwx html The problem is, anytime I create a new file in /var/www/html even though the group is set to web, it is only writeable by the original user. I was given the advice of setting the umask to be 002 because the default is what causes the problems. But I would have to do this for all users in that group, and as far as I know it would be tedious having all of them modify ~/.bashrc to have umask 002. Even if I can do it myself with a shell command for all of those users, it still seems too tedious. Can anyone offer any advice on having a group writeable directory?

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  • "sh: /usr/sbin/xenstored: not found" - But it's there?

    - by Matt H
    What would cause running the file /usr/sbin/xenstored to print sh: /usr/sbin/xenstored: not found However, the file /usr/sbin/xenstored is there and is not a symbolic link. Actually I should be running this as root. That prints a similarly odd message. sudo: unable to execute /usr/sbin/xenstored: No such file or directory By the way, xenstored is not a script, it's an ELF executable. My guess is that it's because I haven't gotten all the dependent libraries installed. However, I would expect it to say something like this: ./xenstored: error while loading shared libraries: libxenctrl.so.4.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory Which is true of running xenstored on a system that doesn't have all the required libraries. Why do I get "not found" vs the much more useful "cannot open shared object file"?

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  • Restrict SSH user to connection from one machine

    - by Jonathan
    During set-up of a home server (running Kubuntu 10.04), I created an admin user for performing administrative tasks that may require an unmounted home. This user has a home directory on the root partition of the box. The machine has an internet-facing SSH server, and I have restricted the set of users that can connect via SSH, but I would like to restrict it further by making admin only accessible from my laptop (or perhaps only from the local 192.168.1.0/24 range). I currently have only an AllowGroups ssh-users with myself and admin as members of the ssh-users group. What I want is something that works like you may expect this setup to work (but it doesn't): $ groups jonathan ... ssh-users $ groups admin ... ssh-restricted-users $ cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config ... AllowGroups ssh-users [email protected].* ... Is there a way to do this? I have also tried this, but it did not work (admin could still log in remotely): AllowUsers [email protected].* * AllowGroups ssh-users with admin a member of ssh-users. I would also be fine with only allowing admin to log in with a key, and disallowing password logins, but I could find no general setting for sshd; there is a setting that requires root logins to use a key, but not for general users.

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  • External monitor image not centered in the screen

    - by kemp
    I'm using Xorg 7.5 on a Radeon HD4870 with the FOSS radeonhd server on my HP 6830s. The laptop has a VGA connector and I attach it to a 37" panasonic plasma TV. It works fine except for a little annoyance: when activated, the TV screen is set to the resolution of 1360x768 (which it reports as being the highest it supports) but all the image is shifted by about 100 pixels to the right. I can't see the leftmost part of the page, and I have a black vertical bar to the right. If I change the resolution to 1024x768 there is no shifting, the image fills the entire screen with no parts hidden, but at this resolution the image is stretched. How can I tune the position on the external monitor so that the image is centered in the screen filling it entirely?

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  • Removing partition to install OS?

    - by Shane
    So i have a computer that has 2 hard drives and i installed Ubuntu server on it. I used LVM to connect the two. So i tried to put windows back on it but it failed because it said it couldn't position the drive and then when i booted again the OS couldn't be found. So i booted it with the Ubuntu setup disc but now when it goes to partition it says that the position can not be modified because its already in use. I am asking if there is a way i can just remove everything and start fresh?

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  • Minimizing windows to tray in xfce

    - by Gryllida
    For XFCE (v. 4.8), I'm searching for possible options to minimize windows to tray (iconify). This means that 1) they're not in the window listing and 2) they're not in the alt+TAB menu and 3) when closed, the window hides (it disappears from window listing but still stays running). "alltray" has some weird GTK-related bug (https://bugs.launchpad.net/alltray/+bug/589831; windows hide but unhiding doesn't do anything; they stay in the tray icon until the user undocks them). "trayer" complains that "another systray is already running" and there's no obvious workaround. This question here is to ask about possible minimalistic (as everything in XFCE is) solutions which don't involve manual compiling, and aren't an overkill like cairo-dock is (a rather bloated gnome-style application which creates a new large 'tray' instead of using the existing one). Thanks!

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  • "success=n" control syntax in pam.conf / pam.d/* files ...

    - by Jamie
    After sucessfully configuring Kerberos, this is what I've found in /etc/pam.d/common-auth file: auth [success=2 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_winbind.so krb5_auth krb5_ccache_type=FILE cached_login try_first_pass auth requisite pam_deny.so auth required pam_permit.so Does the success=2 control value mean that if the pam_unix.so fails, the authentication skips to the auth requisite pam_deny.so line or to the last line?

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  • Auto-rotate rotated images with mogrify

    - by Frank Presencia Fandos
    Some of my images have been taken rotated but kept this data. The problem is that, when using mogrify to convert them from JPG to png, that data seems to dissapear. For showing this problem, I think the best is to show the script and an screenshot. Script with the code. Put it in a text file, give it execution permission, double click, run (from terminal if you wish) and wait a while. All the JPGs in that folder will be converted to png. #! /bin/bash echo "Converting JPG to png. Please don't close this window." mogrify -alpha on -format png *.JPG mogrify -alpha on -format -alpha on png *.jpg It works great and adds an alpha channel. This is personally useful when I edit them later, not to add the channel individually. Now the screenshot that illustrates the problem: As you can see, the original ones' (JPGs) preview is right, the modified preview is wrong, the Shotwell rendering is right and the GIMP edit is wrong and didn't even say the image was rotated, as it uses to do with other images. How can I edit my script to preserve the orientation?

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  • How do I perform commands in another folder, without repeating the folder path?

    - by Valter Henrique
    Is there a clever way to do copy and move operations or a command to duplicate a file, without having to do a cd, then mv after, at the same folder? For example, I have to run the following: mv /folder1/folder2/folder3/file.txt /folder1/folder2/folder3/file-2013.txt Note that the directory to where I'm moving the file is the same, but I have to put the whole path again and sometimes it gets annoying. I'm curious to know if there's another way to do that without having to put the whole path again, because the operation would be done in the same path.

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  • Unable to boot fedora 11

    - by csunwold
    I have been running fedora 11 for several months without a hiccup, but two days ago I ran "yum update" and installed whatever updates were available (I didn't pay attention to what they were). I was having problems with mysql so I tried "yum remove mysql" and then it removed mysql as well as quite a few unexpected dependencies. I then "yum install mysql" without a hitch and went about my way. However, when I next booted up my machine it got to "Starting preload dameon [OK]" and then it hangs with a flashing cursor on the screen. I tried following http://dailypackage.fedorabook.com/i...ling-Grub.html but it didn't seem to make any difference. I put a new hard drive with WinXP on it into the same machine that I booted to, and I tried to use Ext2 Installable File System for Windows but when I run it, it only seems to see /boot and nothing else on the hard drive. Any ideas?

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  • Which Large File System Format to use for USB Flash drive compatible with Ubuntu/Mac/Windows?

    - by wajiw
    I've had this problem for a long time and can't find a solution. I switch between the 3 OSes all the time and use a 1TB USB Drive to do so. I can't seem to find a format that is compatible across all systems that handles large files (at least 8-9 GB). Does anyone have a solution for this? Recently I've tried exFat but that messes up the filesystem when trying to read on windows after adding files from Ubuntu (using the fuse driver). The OSes currently I'm using are Windows Vista/7, Mac OS X (10.6.5) and Ubuntu 10.10

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  • Authentication required by wireless network

    - by Roman
    I would like to use a wireless network from Ubuntu. In the network drop-down menu I select a network (this is a University network I have an account there). Then I get a windows with the following fields: Wireless Security: [WPA&WPA2 Enterprise] Authentication: [Tunneled TLS] Anonymous Identity: [] CA Certificate: [(None)] Inner Authentication: [some letters] User Name: [] Password: [] I put there my user name and password and do not change default value and leave "Anonymous Identity"blank. As a result of that I get "Authentication required by wireless network". How can I solve this problem? I think it is important to notice that our system administrator tried to find some files (which are probably needed to be used as "CA Certificate"). He said that he does not know where this file is located on Ubuntu (he support only Windows). So, probably this is direction I need to go. I need to find this file. But may be I am wrong. May be something else needs to be done. Could you pleas help me with that?

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  • HALEVT troubleshooting: VFAT usb storage device gets mounted with root:root user:group

    - by Nova deViator
    Hi, i'm banging my head for number of days around this problem. using Halevt for automounting, everything mostly works, but the only thing is that Halevt mounts external USB storage devices as root. So, as user i cannot write to files on them. Halevt gets run as halevt user on boot through /etc/init.d script. This is Ubuntu Lucid with Awesome WM. No GDM. Running halevt as user seem to not work (halevt runs but doesn't respond on Insert) I know HAL is deprecated and removed and i should probably write my own UDEV rules, but until then it seems there must a be simple hack that enables mounting VFAT/NTFS devices with specific uid/gid. this question/answer helps a lot, but not specifically to the above.

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  • Cracking WEP with Aircrack and Kismet

    - by Jenny
    Just a minor question, but I notice with aircrack when it lists networks, it does not list the encryption type of each network. Which seems fair enough, as you can use Kismet, however on my machine when I end kismet and the server, the monitor interface is not removed and I cannot remove it manually, which screws with aircrack. SO, is kismet needed to view encryption types of networks, and if so how do you use it peacefully in unison with aircrack?

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  • php startup error Invalid library (maybe not a PHP library) 'pcntl.so'

    - by And-y
    After searching for hours to solve my problem and found nothing helpful I ask my first question here. I want to compile and install php 5.3.17 cli with pcntl extension enabled on a Debian server. The installation was successfull but when I start php cli, the following error is displayed: PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Invalid library (maybe not a PHP library) 'pcntl.so' in Unknown\ on line 0 The following configure is used: './configure' '--prefix=/usr/share' '--datadir=/usr/share/php' '--bindir=/usr/bin' '--libdir=/usr/share' '--includedir=/usr/include' '--with-config-file-path=/etc/php5/cli' '--disable-cgi' '--enable-bcmath' '-- enable-inline-optimization' '--enable-mbstring' '--enable-mbregex' '--enable-pcntl' '--enable-sigchild' '--enable-shmop' '--enable-sysvmsg' '--enable-sysvsem' '--enable-sysvshm' '--with-mysql' '--with-imap' '--with-imap-ssl' '--with-kerberos' In the php.ini following options are set: extension_dir=/usr/lib/php5/20090626/ extension=pcntl.so I hope someone can help me.

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  • TC hashing filters - single rule deletion

    - by exa
    For traffic shaping I'm currently using a setup that looks exactly like the setup from LARTC, on this page: http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.adv-filter.hashing.html I have a simple problem with that - everytime I want to modify something in the hash table (like assign a IP to different flowid), I need to delete the whole filter table and add it again filter by filter. (I actually don't do it by hand, I have a nice program that does it for me... but still...) There is a problem - I got roughly 10k filters allocated this way and deleting and refilling the whole filtertable can get pretty lengthy, which is not exactly good for traffic shaping. My program could easily manage to delete only the rules that need to be deleted (thus reducing the whole problem to several commands and miliseconds), but I simply don't know the command that deletes only the one hashing rule. My tc filter show: filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2: ht divisor 256 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2:a:800 order 2048 key ht 2 bkt a flowid 1:101 match 0a0a0a0a/ffffffff at 16 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2:c:800 order 2048 key ht 2 bkt c flowid 1:102 match 0a0a0a0c/ffffffff at 16 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 800: ht divisor 1 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 800::800 order 2048 key ht 800 bkt 0 link 2: match 00000000/00000000 at 16 hash mask 000000ff at 16 The wish: 'tc filter del ...' command that removes only one specific filter (for example the 0a0a0a0a IP match (IP address 10.10.10.10)). Removal of some small subgroup would also be good - for example I could still recreate a bucket (bkt a) pretty fast. My attempts: I tried to number all the filters using prio, but with no help -- they just create something unusuable (but deletable) below, but the bucketed filters remain there after that gets deleted. Any ideas? edit - I'm adding a simplified tl;dr description of the problem: I created hash filter on some interfce just like in this http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.adv-filter.hashing.html I want to find a command that deletes one rule (e.g. 1.2.1.123) from the table, leaving the rest untouched and working.

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  • iptables -- OK, **now** am I doing it right?

    - by Agvorth
    This is a follow up to a previous question where I asked whether my iptables config is correct. CentOS 5.3 system. Intended result: block everything except ping, ssh, Apache, and SSL. Based on xenoterracide's advice and the other responses to the question (thanks guys), I created this script: # Establish a clean slate iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -F # Flush all rules iptables -X # Delete all chains # Disable routing. Drop packets if they reach the end of the chain. iptables -P FORWARD DROP # Drop all packets with a bad state iptables -A INPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # Accept any packets that have something to do with ones we've sent on outbound iptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # Accept any packets coming or going on localhost (this can be very important) iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # Accept ICMP iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT # Allow ssh iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow httpd iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # Allow SSL iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Block all other traffic iptables -A INPUT -j DROP Now when I list the rules I get... # iptables -L -v Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DROP all -- any any anywhere anywhere state INVALID 9 612 ACCEPT all -- any any anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo any anywhere anywhere 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- any any anywhere anywhere 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- any any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- any any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- any any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:https 0 0 DROP all -- any any anywhere anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 5 packets, 644 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination I ran it and I can still log in, so that's good. Anyone notice anything major out of wack?

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  • Encrypt EC2 API call

    - by Frank
    I have to host an AMI in the Amazon Marketplace. i need to get the type of instance, whenever some user launches the AMI., like if its small medium or large. based on that i need to make some changes in the AMI when its created. I can do this with Amazon API call, to get the instance type, but the problem is that the instances created with the AMI will be started by other users, and i cannot use my AWS Credentials in the Amazon API. Is there any way that i can create an anonymous readonly user to make only specific type of EC2 API Calls? Or can i encrypt my EC2 API credentials, so no one can use it?

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