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• Rebuild Fedora 19 ISO adding Kickstart for USB install

  - by dooffas

  I am attempting to edit a Fedora 19 DVD ISO to add a kickstart file. I then need this ISO burnt to a USB stick for instillation. The error I get when booting is Warning: Could not boot. Warning: /dev/root does not exist To try and determine which part of the process is failing I have broken the process down in to separate stages. Step 1: Burn the original ISO "Fedora-19-x86_64-DVD.iso" (Available - here) to a pendrive and see if that will install. dd if=/path/to/iso of=/dev/sdc Burning this image was successful and it installed without issue. Step 2: Exctract the ISO, repackage it and burn it to a pendrive and see if that will install. PLEASE NOTE: The final command in this section has been broken down in to multiple lines for ease of reading, in fact it was run as a single command on one line. mkdir -p /mnt/linux mount -o loop /tmp/linux-install.iso /mnt/linux cd /mnt/ tar -cvf - linux | (cd /var/tmp/ && tar -xf - ) cd /var/tmp/linux xorriso -as mkisofs -R -J -V "NewFedoraImage" -o ouput/file.iso -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -isohybrid-mbr /usr/share/syslinux/isohdpfx.bin . This iso was then burnt to a pendrive as before. dd if=/path/to/iso of=/dev/sdc This ISO burnt to the pen drive with no problem and will boot. I then see the fedora options screen. After choosing either "Install Fedora 19" or "Test this media & install Fedora 19" I then receive the errors highlighted above. This means the kickstart file is not to blame, but repackaging the ISO. Is there something I am missing in the repackaging process? Any input would be great! NOTE: If it is of any help, I attempted Step 2 with an Ubuntu server ISO and the process was successful.

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• Mac OS X Disk Encryption - Automation

  - by jfm429

  I want to setup a Mac Mini server with an external drive that is encrypted. In Finder, I can use the full-disk encryption option. However, for multiple users, this could become tricky. What I want to do is encrypt the external volume, then set things up so that when the machine boots, the disk is unlocked so that all users can access it. Of course permissions need to be maintained, but that goes without saying. What I'm thinking of doing is setting up a root-level launchd script that runs once on boot and unlocks the disk. The encryption keys would probably be stored in root's keychain. So here's my list of concerns: If I store the encryption keys in the system keychain, then the file in /private/var/db/SystemKey could be used to unlock the keychain if an attacker ever gained physical access to the server. this is bad. If I store the encryption keys in my user keychain, I have to manually run the command with my password. This is undesirable. If I run a launchd script with my user credentials, it will run under my user account but won't have access to the keychain, defeating the purpose. If root has a keychain (does it?) then how would it be decrypted? Would it remain locked until the password was entered (like the user keychain) or would it have the same problem as the system keychain, with keys stored on the drive and accessible with physical access? Assuming all of the above works, I've found diskutil coreStorage unlockVolume which seems to be the appropriate command, but the details of where to store the encryption key is the biggest problem. If the system keychain is not secure enough, and user keychains require a password, what's the best option?

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• SSH client not showing prompt after successful login

  - by user431949

  I'm having problems with my SSH client on Ubuntu 10.10. When I switch on my computer and open a Terminal and execute the command ssh user@host, it gives me a password prompt after which I enter the right password, I then get a prompt to execute my commands on the remote computer. Now the problem is, after a little while (probably around 10 minutes), the terminal window stops accepting commands (No matter what I type, nothing shows). Once this happens, I close the Terminal window and try to start all over again by opening another Terminal window. But this time around, after entering the right password, I don't get a welcome message or prompt. The cursor just keeps blinking on a new line. I ran the ssh command with -v parameter and the message I get after a successful login is: debug1: Authentication succeeded (password). debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug1: Entering interactive session. debug1: Sending environment. debug1: Sending env LANG = en_GB.utf8 Still the cursor keeps blinking on a new line without a prompt. However, Putty SSH client works perfectly on the same machine. Thank you very much for your time. Your help would be greating appreciated.

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• Break all hardlinks within a folder

  - by Georges Dupéron

  I have a folder which contains a certain number of files which have hard links (in the same folder or somewhere else), and I want to de-hardlink these files, so they become independant, and changes to their contents won't affect any other file (their link count becomes 1). Below, I give a solution which basically copies each hard link to another location, then move it back in place. However this method seems rather crude and error-prone, so I'd like to know if there is some command which will de-hardlink a file for me. Crude answer : Find files which have hard links (Edit: To also find sockets, etc. that have hardlinks, use find -not -type d -links +1) : find -type f -links +1 A crude method to de-hardlink a file (copy it to another location, and move it back) : Edit: As Celada said, it's best to do a cp -p below, to avoid loosing timestamps and permissions. Edit: Create a temporary directory and copy to a file under it, instead of overwriting a temp file, it minimizes the risk to overwrite some data, though the mv command is still risky (thanks @Tobu). # This is unhardlink.sh set -e for i in "$@"; do temp="$(mktemp -d ./hardlnk-XXXXXXXX)" [ -e "$temp" ] && cp -ip "$i" "$temp/tempcopy" && mv "$temp/tempcopy" "$i" && rmdir "$temp" done So, to un-hardlink all hard links (Edit: changed -type f to -not -type d, see above) : find -not -type d -links +1 -print0 | xargs -0 unhardlink.sh

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• Automate creation of Windows startup script?

  - by Niten

  Is there a good way to automate installing local startup (rather than login) scripts in Windows XP and Windows 7, via the command line, WMI, or otherwise (even COM or Win32 if it comes to that)? I need to setup a local startup script on a large number of computers, and unfortunately, Active Directory is absolutely not an option. I would like to write a script or small program that I can run on each computer to perform the startup script installation in order to save myself a lot of error-prone point-and-click manual labor. I see that when one uses gpedit.msc to create a local startup script, information about the script gets stored in the registry here: HKLM\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\System\Scripts\Startup However, if you create such a script and then delete its registry key, the script will remain listed in the local Group Policy editor; as is so often the case in Windows, apparently there is more going on there than meets the eye. This leads me to question whether it's safe to manually add subkeys for new startup scripts here (I wouldn't want my script to be overwritten by later changes made using the local Group Policy editor, for instance)... Another option that's occurred to me is to create an item in the Task Scheduler configured to run at system startup. However, my concerns there are twofold: Can this be automated any more easily? For instance, the at command doesn't appear to let you schedule a task for system startup, and WMI's Win32_ScheduledJob interface looks unreliable (it fails to show any of my currently scheduled tasks, for one thing). Would I be able to prevent users from logging in until the scheduled startup task is completed, as can be done with "normal" Windows startup scripts? Thanks in advance for any suggestions, I've been banging my head against this one for a bit...

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• Cisco Router - Add a missing MIB file

  - by Jonathan Rioux

  I have a Cisco 881w, and I would like to setup NBAR in my NetFlow Analyzer. But it says that my router misses this MIB in order to allow NFA to poll the router with snmp to get NBAR infos. From the FAQ page of the NetFlow Analyzer website, it responds to my error: Q. I am able to issue the command "ip nbar protocol-discovery" on the router and see the results. But NFA says my router does not support NBAR, Why? A. Earlier version of IOS supports NBAR discovery only on router. So you can very well execute the command "ip nbar protocol-discovery" on the router and see the results. But NBAR Protocol Discovery MIB(CISCO-NBAR-PROTOCOL-DISCOVERY-MIB) support came only on later releases. This is needed for collecting data via SNMP. Please verify that whether your router IOS supports CISCO-NBAR-PROTOCOL-DISCOVERY-MIB. The missing MIB is: CISCO-NBAR-PROTOCOL-DISCOVERY-MIB I found it here: ftp://ftp.cisco.com/pub/mibs/v2/CISCO-NBAR-PROTOCOL-DISCOVERY-MIB.my But how can I add this MIB into the router? The IOS of my router is: c880data-universalk9-mz.151-3.T1.bin

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• Linux commands shows different results

  - by ClydeFrog

  I'm really having a hard time to process these results on my Ubuntu server. I have a major problem with my JBoss server where I get FileNotFoundExceptions along with "No space left on device" errors. And I thought "maybe I'm out of disk space", and used df command to figure out how much I have left: root@ubuntu1:/# df -h Filsystem Storlek Anvnt Tillg Anv% Monterat på /dev/mapper/ubuntu1-root 36G 13G 21G 38% / none 2,0G 192K 2,0G 1% /dev none 2,0G 0 2,0G 0% /dev/shm none 2,0G 64K 2,0G 1% /var/run none 2,0G 0 2,0G 0% /var/lock /dev/sda1 228M 23M 193M 11% /boot /dev/mapper/vgdata-lvdata 79G 9,2G 66G 13% /data And as you can see, I have plenty of space left. And I also checked if I'm out of i-nodes: root@ubuntu1:/# df -i Filsystem Inoder IAnv IFria IAnv% Monterat på /dev/mapper/ubuntu1-root 2346512 61992 2284520 3% / none 505380 773 504607 1% /dev none 507383 1 507382 1% /dev/shm none 507383 30 507353 1% /var/run none 507383 2 507381 1% /var/lock /dev/sda1 124496 230 124266 1% /boot /dev/mapper/vgdata-lvdata 10486784 233945 10252839 3% /data But then i used du: root@ubuntu1:/# du -s -h /* 7,5M /bin 23M /boot 19G /data 192K /dev 11G /eniro 5,3M /etc 112K /home 0 /initrd.img 183M /lib 0 /lib64 16K /lost+found 12K /media 4,0K /mnt 4,0K /opt du: kan inte komma åt "/proc/20452/task/20452/fd/3": Filen eller katalogen finns inte du: kan inte komma åt "/proc/20452/task/20452/fdinfo/3": Filen eller katalogen finns inte du: kan inte komma åt "/proc/20452/fd/3": Filen eller katalogen finns inte du: kan inte komma åt "/proc/20452/fdinfo/3": Filen eller katalogen finns inte 0 /proc 18M /root 8,2M /sbin 4,0K /selinux 8,0K /srv 0 /sys 40K /tmp 691M /usr 1,2G /var 0 /vmlinuz Notice that /data and /eniro are 30G combined! How is it possible? Do I have a memory leak somewhere? Or is it something else? ----- EDIT 1 ----- Ok, I figured out that /data has its own mount so it's not possible to combine /data and /eniro because they aren't on the same mount. But how come it says 9,2G on the first command when it says 19G on the third on directory /data?

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• Is there an SSL equivelent to an ssh agent?

  - by Matthew J Morrison

  Here is my situation: There are a number of developers who all need to have access to be able to install ruby gems and python eggs from a remote source. Currently, we have a server inside our firewall that hosts the gems and eggs. We now want the ability to be able to install things hosted on that server outside of our firewall. Since some of the gems and eggs that we host are proprietary I would like to somewhat lock access to that machine down, as unobtrusively as possible to the developers. My first thought was using something like ssh keys. So, I spent some time looking at SSL mutual authentication. I was able to get everything set up and working correctly, testing with curl, but the unfortunate thing was that I had to pass extra arguments to curl so it knows about the certificate, key and certificate authority. I was wondering if there is anything like the ssh agent that I can set up to provide that information automatically so that I can push the certificates and keys to the developer's machines so the developers don't have to log in or provide keys each time they try to install something. Another thing that I want to avoid is having to modify the 'gem' command and the 'pip' command to provide keys when they make the http connection. Any other suggestions that may solve this problem (not related to ssl mutual auth) are also welcome. EDIT: I've been continuing to research this and I came across stunnel. I think this may be what I'm looking for, any feedback regarding stunnel would also be great!

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• copy boot-able partition

  - by Dima

  I have an disk image with 3 partitions: first partition (hd0,0) is boot-able with GRUB1 with the following configuration GRUB file: default=0 timeout=5 title Bank A root (hd0,1) chainloader +1 title Bank B root (hd0,2) chainloader +1 The partitions (hd0,1) and (hd0,2) are also boot-able. I'm trying to clone partition (hd0,1) to (hd0,2) by creating device map using kpartx and copying whole partition using dd command. The problem is: after partition cloning, the cloned partition did not boot (but all files are OK). What the wrong? I need both partitions to bee identical (I'm using them for fail-over purposes into embedded device)

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• Unable to receive emails from Ubuntu postfix mail server

  - by Paddington

  I am unable to receive emails on an Ubuntu 11.04 server running postfix with the Plesk control panel. I can't see the mails even on webmail. I am able to send emails and am not getting any error messages on the email client when I try to receive. Here is the output of the logs: *tail -f /usr/local/psa/var/log/maillog Aug 29 10:38:31 cp9 postfix/tlsmgr[3811]: fatal: open database /var/lib/postfix/smtpd_scache.db: Invalid argument Aug 29 10:38:32 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr pid 3811 exit status 1 Aug 29 10:38:32 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr: bad command startup -- throttling Aug 29 10:38:36 cp9 pop3d: Connection, ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158] Aug 29 10:38:36 cp9 pop3d: IMAP connect from @ [::ffff:196.201.7.158]INFO: LOGIN, [email protected], ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158] Aug 29 10:38:37 cp9 pop3d: 1346229517.874008 LOGOUT, [email protected], ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158], top=0, retr=0, time=1, rcvd=24, sent=1716, maildir=/var/qmail/mailnames/essentialhuku.co.za/earle/Maildir Aug 29 10:14:05 cp9 postfix/tlsmgr[1133]: fatal: open database /var/lib/postfix/smtpd_scache.db: Invalid argument Aug 29 10:14:06 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr pid 1133 exit status 1 Aug 29 10:14:06 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr: bad command startup -- throttling Aug 29 10:14:08 cp9 pop3d: Connection, ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158

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• iptables-restore: line 1 failed

  - by Doug

  Hello, I am new to servers, and I was following this guide and it failed on the first command instructed. Could anyone give me a hand? http://wiki.debian.org/iptables ~ZORO~:/etc# iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.test.rules iptables-restore: line 1 failed Edit: iptables.test.rules ~ZORO~:/etc# cat /etc/iptables.test.rules *filter # Allows all loopback (lo0) traffic and drop all traffic to 127/8 that doesn't use lo0 -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i ! lo -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT # Accepts all established inbound connections -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allows all outbound traffic # You could modify this to only allow certain traffic -A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT # Allows HTTP and HTTPS connections from anywhere (the normal ports for websites) -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Allows SSH connections for script kiddies # THE -dport NUMBER IS THE SAME ONE YOU SET UP IN THE SSHD_CONFIG FILE -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 30000 -j ACCEPT # Now you should read up on iptables rules and consider whether ssh access # for everyone is really desired. Most likely you will only allow access from certain IPs. # Allow ping -A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT # log iptables denied calls (access via 'dmesg' command) -A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7 # Reject all other inbound - default deny unless explicitly allowed policy: -A INPUT -j REJECT -A FORWARD -j REJECT COMMIT

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• XP SP2 Event log not logging events

  - by Weedfreer

  I have a problem whereby a terminal appears not to be logging events correctly and occasionally appears to have problems communicating accross the network.The terminal has previously been infected with a virus which apears to have 'played' with the default group policy in the standard user profile. Although, outwardly, the terminal appears to be working normally I still have a nagging feeling that it isn't quite back to the way it was. It was infected by a user plugging in a USB Stick while the company was using the older version of the AV software...typically a week or so before it was updated.I have configured the Event logs to Overwrite as required and to be 5056KB in Maximum size. I have also attempted:- Disabling the Event Log service & restarting Renewing the EVT files in Windows\system32\config directory Restarting the event log service and restarting Clearing the event log in the Services MMC Resetting the Filters to Default in the services MMC Using the EVENTCREATE command remotely from a CMD window on the server to force an event creation event. So far the only operation to have any sort of success is the remote computer EVENTCREATE command from a CMD window on the server. As it stands, the only other time that the computer has managed to create events is while it is being restarted.Has anyone gotany ideas on how to proceed? I'm thinking that possibly a refresh of the 'Windows\system32\config\SystemProfile' folder. I'm also thinking about running a tool such as Malwarebytes but this could be slightly controvertial as the system needs to be running on 'up-time' for as long as possible. I'm also wonderign whether anyone knows of any Windows admin tools that allow me to control the event logging options or default security options so that i could get it back to some sort of standard.What I'm trying to avoid is a complte re-imaging of the terminal. Although this is an option, I dont really want to have to take it if i dont need to.Many thanks in advance for any suggestions anyone may be able to provide.

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• How to statically configure DNS servers on a Cisco router when the WAN interface uses DHCP?

  - by Massimo

  I have a Cisco router (model 887VA, IOS 15.4) used to connect a LAN to the Internet via ADSL. The WAN interface uses DHCP: interface ATM0.1 point-to-point ip address dhcp I need the router to use a statically-defined DNS server for name resolution: ip name-server A.B.C.D However, the router insists on using the DNS servers supplied by the ISP via DHCP: Router#ping www.google.com Translating "www.google.com"...domain server (<ISP DNS>) [OK] Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 173.194.116.208, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 44/45/48 ms How can I tell the router to ignore the ISP-supplied DNS servers and only use the statically-configured one?

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• dovecot login issue with plain passwords

  - by user3028

  I am having an odd problem in dovecot, the first time I try to login via telnet dovecot gives a error, the second time it works, both within the same telnet session. This is the telnet session, note the 'BAD Error in IMAP command received by server' and the "a OK" just after that : telnet 192.168.1.2 143 * OK Waiting for authentication process to respond.. * OK [CAPABILITY IMAP4rev1 LITERAL+ SASL-IR LOGIN-REFERRALS ID ENABLE IDLE STARTTLS AUTH=PLAIN] Dovecot ready. a login someUserLogin supersecretpassword * BAD Error in IMAP command received by server. a login someUserLogin supersecretpassword a OK [CAPABILITY IMAP4rev1 LITERAL+ SASL-IR LOGIN-REFERRALS ID ENABLE IDLE SORT SORT=DISPLAY THREAD=REFERENCES THREAD=REFS MULTIAPPEND UNSELECT CHILDREN NAMESPACE UIDPLUS LIST-EXTENDED I18NLEVEL=1 CONDSTORE QRESYNC ESEARCH ESORT SEARCHRES WITHIN CONTEXT=SEARCH LIST-STATUS] Logged in dovecot configuration >dovecot -n # 2.0.19: /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf # OS: Linux 3.5.0-34-generic x86_64 Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS auth_debug = yes auth_verbose = yes disable_plaintext_auth = no login_trusted_networks = 192.168.1.0/16 mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir passdb { driver = pam } protocols = " imap" ssl_cert = </etc/ssl/certs/dovecot.pem ssl_key = </etc/ssl/private/dovecot.pem userdb { driver = passwd } This is the log file: Jul 3 12:27:51 linuxServer dovecot: auth: Debug: Loading modules from directory: /usr/lib/dovecot/modules/auth Jul 3 12:27:51 linuxServer dovecot: auth: Debug: auth client connected (pid=23499) Jul 3 12:28:06 linuxServer dovecot: auth: Debug: client in: AUTH#0111#011PLAIN#011service=imap#011secured#011no-penalty#011lip=192.168.1.2#011rip=192.169.1.3#011lport=143#011rport=50438#011resp=<hidden> Jul 3 12:28:06 linuxServer dovecot: auth-worker: Debug: Loading modules from directory: /usr/lib/dovecot/modules/auth Jul 3 12:28:06 linuxServer dovecot: auth-worker: Debug: pam(someUserLogin,192.169.1.3): lookup service=dovecot Jul 3 12:28:06 linuxServer dovecot: auth-worker: Debug: pam(someUserLogin,192.169.1.3): #1/1 style=1 msg=Password: Jul 3 12:28:06 linuxServer dovecot: auth: Debug: client out: OK#0111#011user=someUserLogin Jul 3 12:28:06 linuxServer dovecot: auth: Debug: master in: REQUEST#0111823473665#01123499#0111#0113a58da53e091957d3cd306ac4114f0b9 Jul 3 12:28:06 linuxServer dovecot: auth: Debug: passwd(someUserLogin,192.169.1.3): lookup Jul 3 12:28:06 linuxServer dovecot: auth: Debug: master out: USER#0111823473665#011someUserLogin#011system_groups_user=someUserLogin#011uid=1000#011gid=1000#011home=/home/someUserLogin Jul 3 12:28:06 linuxServer dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<someUserLogin>, method=PLAIN, rip=192.169.1.3, lip=192.168.1.2, mpid=23503, secured

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• Supervisord doesn't stop nginx process

  - by Lennart Regebro

  I'm using Supervisor a lot, and in this project I have an nginx process managed by Supervisord. The relevant parts of the configuration is this: [supervisord] logfile=/home/projects/eceee-web/prod/var/log/supervisord.log logfile_maxbytes=5MB logfile_backups=10 loglevel=info pidfile=/home/projects/eceee-web/prod/var/supervisord.pid ; childlogdir=/home/projects/eceee-web/prod/var/log nodaemon=false ; (start in foreground if true;default false) minfds=1024 ; (min. avail startup file descriptors;default 1024) minprocs=200 ; (min. avail process descriptors;default 200) directory=/home/projects/eceee-web/prod [program:nginx] command = /home/projects/eceee-web/prod/bin/nginx redirect_stderr = true autostart= true autorestart = true directory = /home/projects/eceee-web/prod stdout_logfile = /home/projects/eceee-web/prod/var/log/nginx-stdout.log stderr_logfile = /home/projects/eceee-web/prod/var/log/nginx-stderr.log The /home/projects/eceee-web/prod/bin/nginx command will start nginx in the foreground, it does not deamonify itself. Still, stopping it will fail: supervisorctl stop nginx Will not give any answer, but the process will continue. Any idea what? This is on OS X Darwin, with Supervisor 3.0a9 and nginx 0.7.65.

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• VSFTPD - FTP over TLS - Upload stops after exactly 82k?

  - by Redsandro

  I installed a VSFTP daemon on a CentOS server, using a RSA certificate for logging in using explicit TLS. Now, I cannot upload more than 82k. With files under that limit, there is no problem. The FTP works like a charm. But as soon as a file reaches 82k with FileZilla (81,952 bytes to be exact), the transfer will stop, and the FTP client hangs until time out is reached. FTP client console: 15:10:21 Command: STOR jquery-1.7.2.min.js 15:10:21 Response: 150 Ok to send data. 15:11:21 Error: Connection timed out 15:11:21 Error: File transfer failed after transferring 82 KB in 60 seconds /var/log/vsftpd.log FTP command: Client "x.x.x.x", "STOR jquery-1.7.2.min.js" FTP response: Client "x.x.x.x", "150 Ok to send data." OK UPLOAD: Client "x.x.x.x", "jquery-1.7.2.min.js", 81952 bytes, 1.32Kbyte/sec FTP response: Client "x.x.x.x", "226 File receive OK." // NOT okay, file is bigger // No mention of error here I cannot find relevant info about this problem, apart from a possible problem with trans_chunk_size (not mentioned in default config), but I tried different sizes and it has no impact on the problem. trans_chunk_size=4096 trans_chunk_size=8192 trans_chunk_size=9999 Ofcourse, after every configuration change, I restarted the server: /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart What else can cause this? It's not the latest version, but it's the latest update within the repositories that has been deemed fit for enterprise usage: Package info: $ yum info vsftpd Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Installed Packages Name : vsftpd Arch : x86_64 Version : 2.0.5 Release : 24.el5_8.1 Size : 286 k Repo : installed Summary : vsftpd - Very Secure Ftp Daemon URL : http://vsftpd.beasts.org/ License : GPL Description: vsftpd is a Very Secure FTP daemon. It was written completely from scratch.

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• How to replace the domain name in a Wordpress database?

  - by Cristian

  I have a Wordpress database which was installed in a development environment... thus, all references to the site itself have a fixed IP address (say 192.168.16.2). Now, I have to migrate that database to a new Wordpress installation on a hosting. The problem is that the SQL dump contains a lot of references to the IP address, and I have to replace it with: my_domain.com. I could use sed or some other command to change the that from the command line, the problem is that there are a lot of configuration data which uses JSON. So what? Well, as you know, JSON arrays uses things like: s:4: to know how many chars an element has, and thus, if I just replace the IP with the domain name, the configuration files will get corrupted. I used an app for Windows some years ago that allows to change values in a database and takes care of the JSON arrays. Unfortunately, I forgot the name of the app... so the question is: do you know any app that allows me to do what I want?

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• Not all of your nameservers are in different subnets. Single point of failure

  - by user2118559

  Using VPS hosting and dynadot (domain registrar) DNS. Checked domain name with http://www.intodns.com and get some warnings Different subnets WARNING: Not all of your nameservers are in different subnets and Different autonomous systems WARNING: Single point of failure As understand to avoid the warning must have second Ip4 address and both the addresses must point to different servers? If both Ip addresses point to the same server, it does not help? I mean each server has own Ip address. If one server down, then visitors can access website (files) on another server? Is this the reason why need more than one Ip? Tried to point website to 2 ip addresses and after some time get warning from uptimerobot Connection Timeout

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• Nagios Check_hpjd giving me problems!

  - by Mister IT Guru

  When I run the following [root@host plugins]# ./check_hpjd -H printer1.mydomain.com : Timeout from host printer1.mydomain.com I have Net-snmp installed on my system, I noted that i didn't have net-snmp-utils installed, and then I was able to run [root@host plugins]# snmpwalk -Os -c public -v 1 printer1.mydomain.com system sysDescr.0 = STRING: HP ETHERNET MULTI-ENVIRONMENT sysObjectID.0 = OID: enterprises.11.2.3.9.1 sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (325408663) 37 days, 15:54:46.63 sysContact.0 = STRING: sysName.0 = STRING: printer1 sysLocation.0 = STRING: sysServices.0 = INTEGER: 72 So I know that the printer is working as expected, (as far as SNMP is concerned). But when I run [root@host plugins]# ./check_hpjd -H printer1.mydomain.com -C public Error in packet () I get this error - From what I've tried so far, I know my host can communicate via SNMP, I know the printer responds via SNMP, so I guess I'm left to look at the plug-in, which I will be checking up on. I'm new to SNMP, I am investigating this with my good friend Google search, but I am on a learning curve here, so please forgive my questions if they sound stupid,

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• Connection timed out exception, why?

  - by Dheeraj Kumar Aggarwal

  I am developing an application which uses embedded tomcat server 7, and deploys a web application on embedded server. My application accesses the embedded webapp through Rest APIs, but my clients are getting Connection Timed Out exceptions and port is also not blocked. I never gets this exception when I install this application on my local machine. Some points: IP address is used in the host name part (They are able to access this IP address on other port) Port is not blocked We are using Apache HttpClient library to access the URL Timeout interval seems not to be an issue. What are the possible reasons for this exception Connection Timed Out? or How can I simulate this problem on my local machine? Any pointers would be helpful.

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• Nodejs for processing js and Nginx for handling everything else

  - by Kevin Parker

  I am having a nodejs running on port 8000 and nginx on port 80 on same server. I want Nginx to handle all the requests(image,css,etc) and forward js requests to nodejs server on port 8000. Is it possible to achieve this. i have configured nginx as reverse proxy but its forwarding every request to nodejs but i want nginx to process all except js. nginx/sites-enabled/default/ upstream nodejs { server localhost:8000; #nodejs } location / { proxy_pass http://192.168.2.21:8000; proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504; proxy_redirect off; proxy_buffering off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; }

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• How do I configure a secondary gateway in RHEL5?

  - by Brett Ryan

  Greetings, we have been experiencing a random timeout issue with VPN users connecting to one of our servers which is causing a problem. My network administrator has instructed me to configure a secondary gateway to include the VPN connection. My current connection resides as follows, 10.1.9.1 is the internal gateway to the internet, I'd like to add 10.1.1.20 as the VPN gateway. # Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM5708S Gigabit Ethernet DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=none BROADCAST=10.1.255.255 IPADDR=10.1.1.22 IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes NETMASK=255.255.0.0 NETWORK=10.1.0.0 ONBOOT=yes GATEWAY=10.1.9.1 TYPE=Ethernet USERCTL=no IPV6INIT=no PEERDNS=yes

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• Move 53,800+ files into 54 separate folders with ~1000 files each?

  - by ane

  Trying to import 53,800+ individual files (messages) using Gmail's POP fetcher. Gmail understandably refuses, giving the error: "Too many messages to download. There are too many messages on the other server." The folder in question looks like similar to: /usr/home/customer/Maildir/cur/1203672790.V57I586f04M867101.mail.net:2,S /usr/home/customer/Maildir/cur/1203676329.V57I586f22M520117.mail.net:2,S /usr/home/customer/Maildir/cur/1203677194.V57I586f26M688004.mail.net:2,S /usr/home/customer/Maildir/cur/1203679158.V57I586f2bM182864.mail.net:2,S /usr/home/customer/Maildir/cur/1203680493.V57I586f33M740378.mail.net:2,S /usr/home/customer/Maildir/cur/1203685837.V57I586f0bM835200.mail.net:2,S /usr/home/customer/Maildir/cur/1203687920.V57I586f65M995884.mail.net:2,S ... Using the shell (tcsh, sh, etc. on FreeBSD), what one-line command can I type to split this directory full of files into separate folders so Gmail only sees 1000 messages at a time? Something with find or ls | xargs mv maybe. Whatever is fastest. The desired output directory would now look something like: /usr/home/customer/Maildir/cur/1203672790.V57I586f04M867101.mail.net:2,S /usr/home/customer/Maildir/cur/1203676329.V57I586f22M520117.mail.net:2,S ... /usr/home/customer/set1/ (contains messages 1-1000) /usr/home/customer/set2/ (contains messages 1001-2000) /usr/home/customer/set3/ (etc.) Ideally, cron could run another command to automatically reverse the process in 1000 message increments every hour. So Gmail only sees & downloads 1000 at a time.

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• RAM being displayed is lesser than the actual in my Windows 7

  - by Prateek Somani

  I am using Windows 7 and Ubuntu on the same machine. Earlier I had 3 GB of RAM,but now the Windows is displaying just 1 GB of RAM. Please also find the output of the free command in my Ubuntu : total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 1008208 904808 103400 5736 13516 239596 -/+ buffers/cache: 651696 356512 Swap: 3127292 10252 3117040 Has the swap memory consumed my 2 GB of RAM? Will I be able to use the whole of 3GB of the RAM in my Windows? Regards, Prateek Update : I tried to run the lshw command and I got the following output : *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 1b slot: System board or motherboard size: 1GiB *-bank:0 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1067 MHz (0.9 ns) product: HMT112S6BFR6C-H9 vendor: Hynix physical id: 0 serial: 2C71D069 slot: Bottom - Slot 1 size: 1GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1067MHz (0.9ns) *-bank:1 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1067 MHz (0.9 ns) [empty] product: 16JSF25664HZ-1G4F1 vendor: Micron physical id: 1 serial: FD421821 slot: Bottom - Slot 2 width: 64 bits clock: 1067MHz (0.9ns) Why it is able to detect the vendor/product name of the bank-1 RAM, why can't it detect the RAM size and other details ? Has my RAM got faulty?

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• Apache on Win32: Slow Transfers of single, static files in HTTP, fast in HTTPS

  - by Michael Lackner

  I have a weird problem with Apache 2.2.15 on Windows 2000 Server SP4. Basically, I am trying to serve larger static files, images, videos etc. The download seems to be capped at around 550kB/s even over 100Mbit LAN. I tried other protocols (FTP/FTPS/FTP+ES/SCP/SMB), and they are all in the multi-megabyte range. The strangest thing is that, when using Apache with HTTPS instead of HTTP, it serves very fast, around 2.7MByte/s! I also tried the AnalogX SimpleWWW server just to test the plain HTTP speed of it, and it gave me a healthy 3.3Mbyte/s. I am at a total loss here. I searched the web, and tried to change the following Apache configuration directives in httpd.conf, one at a time, mostly to no avail at all: SendBufferSize 1048576 #(tried multiples of that too, up to 100Mbytes) EnableSendfile Off #(minor performance boost) EnableMMAP Off Win32DisableAcceptEx HostnameLookups Off #(default) I also tried to tune the following registry parameters, setting their values to 4194304 in decimal (they are REG_DWORD), and rebooting afterwards: HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\AFD\Parameters\DefaultReceiveWindow HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\AFD\Parameters\DefaultSendWindow Additionally, I tried to install mod_bw, which sets the event timer precision to 1ms, and allows for bandwidth throttling. According to some people it boosts static file serving performance when set to unlimited bandwidth for everybody. Unfortunately, it did nothing for me. So: AnalogX HTTP: 3300kB/s Gene6 FTPD, plain: 3500kB/s Gene6 FTPD, Implicit and Explicit SSL, AES256 Cipher: 1800-2000kB/s freeSSHD: 1100kB/s SMB shared folder: about 3000kB/s Apache HTTP, plain: 550kB/s Apache HTTPS: 2700kB/s Clients that were used in the bandwidth testing: Internet Explorer 8 (HTTP, HTTPS) Firefox 8 (HTTP, HTTPS) Chrome 13 (HTTP, HTTPS) Opera 11.60 (HTTP, HTTPS) wget under CygWin (HTTP, HTTPS) FileZilla (FTP, FTPS, FTP+ES, SFTP) Windows Explorer (SMB) Generally, transfer speeds are not too high, but that's because the server machine is an old quad Pentium Pro 200MHz machine with 2GB RAM. However, I would like Apache to serve at at least 2Mbyte/s instead of 550kB/s, and that already works with HTTPS easily, so I fail to see why plain HTTP is so crippled. I am using a Kerio Winroute Firewall, but no Throttling and no special filters peeking into HTTP traffic, just the plain Firewall functionality for blocking/allowing connections. The Apache error.log (Loglevel info) shows no warnings, no errors. Also nothing strange to be seen in access.log. I have already stripped down my httpd.conf to the bare minimum just to make sure nothing is interfering, but that didn't help either. If you have any idea, help would be greatly appreciated, since I am totally out of ideas! Thanks! Edit: I have now tried a newer Apache 2.2.21 to see if it makes any difference. However, the behaviour is exactly the same. Edit 2: KM01 has requested a sniff on the HTTP headers, so here comes the LiveHTTPHeaders output (an extension to Firefox). The Output is generated on downloading a single file called "elephantsdream_source.264", which is an H.264/AVC elementary video stream under an Open Source license. I have taken the freedom to edit the URL, removing folders and changing the actual servers domain name to www.mydomain.com. Here it is: LiveHTTPHeaders, Plain HTTP: http://www.mydomain.com/elephantsdream_source.264 GET /elephantsdream_source.264 HTTP/1.1 Host: www.mydomain.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.2; WOW64; rv:6.0.2) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/6.0.2 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: de-de,de;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Connection: keep-alive HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:55:16 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.21 (Win32) mod_ssl/2.2.21 OpenSSL/0.9.8r PHP/5.2.17 Last-Modified: Thu, 28 Oct 2010 20:20:09 GMT Etag: "c000000013fa5-29cf10e9-493b311889d3c" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 701436137 Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=100 Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: text/plain LiveHTTPHeaders, HTTPS: https://www.mydomain.com/elephantsdream_source.264 GET /elephantsdream_source.264 HTTP/1.1 Host: www.mydomain.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.2; WOW64; rv:6.0.2) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/6.0.2 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: de-de,de;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Connection: keep-alive HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:56:57 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.21 (Win32) mod_ssl/2.2.21 OpenSSL/0.9.8r PHP/5.2.17 Last-Modified: Thu, 28 Oct 2010 20:20:09 GMT Etag: "c000000013fa5-29cf10e9-493b311889d3c" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 701436137 Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=100 Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: text/plain

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