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  • Polymorphic :has_many, :through as module in Rails 3.1 plugin

    - by JohnMetta
    I've search everywhere for a pointer to this, but can't find one. Basically, I want to do what everyone else wants to do when they create a polymorphic relationship in a :has_many, :through way… but I want to do it in a module. I keep getting stuck and think I must be overlooking something simple. To wit: module ActsPermissive module PermissiveUser def self.included(base) base.extend ClassMethods end module ClassMethods def acts_permissive has_many :ownables has_many :owned_circles, :through => :ownables end end end class PermissiveCircle < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :ownable, :polymorphic => true end end With a migration that looks like this: create_table :permissive_circles do |t| t.string :ownable_type t.integer :ownable_id t.timestamps end The idea, of course, is that whatever loads acts_permissive will be able to have a list of circles that it owns. For simple tests, I have it "should have a list of circles" do user = Factory :user user.owned_circles.should be_an_instance_of Array end which fails with: Failure/Error: @user.circles.should be_an_instance_of Array NameError: uninitialized constant User::Ownable I've tried: using :class_name => 'ActsPermissive::PermissiveCircle' on the has_many :ownables line, which fails with: Failure/Error: @user.circles.should be_an_instance_of Array ActiveRecord::HasManyThroughSourceAssociationNotFoundError: Could not find the source association(s) :owned_circle or :owned_circles in model ActsPermissive::PermissiveCircle. Try 'has_many :owned_circles, :through => :ownables, :source => <name>'. Is it one of :ownable? while following the suggestion and setting :source => :ownable fails with Failure/Error: @user.circles.should be_an_instance_of Array ActiveRecord::HasManyThroughAssociationPolymorphicSourceError: Cannot have a has_many :through association 'User#owned_circles' on the polymorphic object 'Ownable#ownable' Which seems to suggest that doing things with a non-polymorphic-through is necessary. So I added a circle_owner class similar to the setup here: module ActsPermissive class CircleOwner < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :permissive_circle belongs_to :ownable, :polymorphic => true end module PermissiveUser def self.included(base) base.extend ClassMethods end module ClassMethods def acts_permissive has_many :circle_owners, :as => :ownable has_many :circles, :through => :circle_owners, :source => :ownable, :class_name => 'ActsPermissive::PermissiveCircle' end end class PermissiveCircle < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :circle_owners end end With a migration: create_table :permissive_circles do |t| t.string :name t.string :guid t.timestamps end create_table :circle_owner do |t| t.string :ownable_type t.string :ownable_id t.integer :permissive_circle_id end which still fails with: Failure/Error: @user.circles.should be_an_instance_of Array NameError: uninitialized constant User::CircleOwner Which brings us back to the beginning. How can I do what seems to be a rather common polymorphic :has_many, :through on a module? Alternatively, is there a good way to allow an object to be collected by arbitrary objects in a similar way that will work with a module?

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  • Separate specific #ifdef branches

    - by detly
    In short: I want to generate two different source trees from the current one, based only on one preprocessor macro being defined and another being undefined, with no other changes to the source. If you are interested, here is my story... In the beginning, my code was clean. Then we made a new product, and yea, it was better. But the code saw only the same peripheral devices, so we could keep the same code. Well, almost. There was one little condition that needed to be changed, so I added: #if defined(PRODUCT_A) condition = checkCat(); #elif defined(PRODUCT_B) condition = checkCat() && checkHat(); #endif ...to one and only one source file. In the general all-source-files-include-this header file, I had: #if !(defined(PRODUCT_A)||defined(PRODUCT_B)) #error "Don't make me replace you with a small shell script. RTFM." #endif ...so that people couldn't compile it unless they explicitly defined a product type. All was well. Oh... except that modifications were made, components changed, and since the new hardware worked better we could significantly re-write the control systems. Now when I look upon the face of the code, there are more than 60 separate areas delineated by either: #ifdef PRODUCT_A ... #else ... #endif ...or the same, but for PRODUCT_B. Or even: #if defined(PRODUCT_A) ... #elif defined(PRODUCT_B) ... #endif And of course, sometimes sanity took a longer holiday and: #ifdef PRODUCT_A ... #endif #ifdef PRODUCT_B ... #endif These conditions wrap anywhere from one to two hundred lines (you'd think that the last one could be done by switching header files, but the function names need to be the same). This is insane. I would be better off maintaining two separate product-based branches in the source repo and porting any common changes. I realise this now. Is there something that can generate the two different source trees I need, based only on PRODUCT_A being defined and PRODUCT_B being undefined (and vice-versa), without touching anything else (ie. no header inclusion, no macro expansion, etc)?

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  • Setting up Netbeans/Eclipse for Linux Kernel Development

    - by red.october
    Hi: I'm doing some Linux kernel development, and I'm trying to use Netbeans. Despite declared support for Make-based C projects, I cannot create a fully functional Netbeans project. This is despite compiling having Netbeans analyze a kernel binary that was compiled with full debugging information. Problems include: files are wrongly excluded: Some files are incorrectly greyed out in the project, which means Netbeans does not believe they should be included in the project, when in fact they are compiled into the kernel. The main problem is that Netbeans will miss any definitions that exist in these files, such as data structures and functions, but also miss macro definitions. cannot find definitions: Pretty self-explanatory - often times, Netbeans cannot find the definition of something. This is partly a result of the above problem. can't find header files: self-explanatory I'm wondering if anyone has had success with setting up Netbeans for Linux kernel development, and if so, what settings they used. Ultimately, I'm looking for Netbeans to be able to either parse the Makefile (preferred) or extract the debug information from the binary (less desirable, since this can significantly slow down compilation), and automatically determine which files are actually compiled and which macros are actually defined. Then, based on this, I would like to be able to find the definitions of any data structure, variable, function, etc. and have complete auto-completion. Let me preface this question with some points: I'm not interested in solutions involving Vim/Emacs. I know some people like them, but I'm not one of them. As the title suggest, I would be also happy to know how to set-up Eclipse to do what I need While I would prefer perfect coverage, something that only misses one in a million definitions is obviously fine SO's useful "Related Questions" feature has informed me that the following question is related: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/149321/what-ide-would-be-good-for-linux-kernel-driver-development. Upon reading it, the question is more of a comparison between IDE's, whereas I'm looking for how to set-up a particular IDE. Even so, the user Wade Mealing seems to have some expertise in working with Eclipse on this kind of development, so I would certainly appreciate his (and of course all of your) answers. Cheers

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  • How to obtain the first cluster of the directory's data in FAT using C# (or at least C++) and Win32A

    - by DarkWalker
    So I have a FAT drive, lets say H: and a directory 'work' (full path 'H:\work'). I need to get the NUMBER of the first cluster of that directory. The number of the first cluster is 2-bytes value, that is stored in the 26th and 27th bytes of the folder enty (wich is 32 bytes). Lets say I am doing it with file, NOT a directory. I can use code like this: static public string GetDirectoryPtr(string dir) { IntPtr ptr = CreateFile(@"H:\Work\dover.docx", GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, IntPtr.Zero, OPEN_EXISTING, 0,//FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, IntPtr.Zero); try { const uint bytesToRead = 2; byte[] readbuffer = new byte[bytesToRead]; if (ptr.ToInt32() == -1) return String.Format("Error: cannot open direcotory {0}", dir); if (SetFilePointer(ptr, 26, 0, 0) == -1) return String.Format("Error: unable to set file pointer on file {0}", ptr); uint read = 0; // real count of read bytes if (!ReadFile(ptr, readbuffer, bytesToRead, out read, 0)) return String.Format("cant read from file {0}. Error #{1}", ptr, Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()); int result = readbuffer[0] + 16 * 16 * readbuffer[1]; return result.ToString();//ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(readbuffer); } finally { CloseHandle(ptr); } } And it will return some number, like 19 (quite real to me, this is the only file on the disk). But I DONT need a file, I need a folder. So I am puttin FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS param for CreateFile call... and dont know what to do next =) msdn is very clear on this issue http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa365258(v=VS.85).aspx It sounds to me like: "There is no way you can get a number of the folder's first cluster". The most desperate thing is that my tutor said smth like "You are going to obtain this or you wont pass this course". The true reason why he is so sure this is possible is because for 10 years (or may be more) he recieved the folder's first cluster number as a HASH of the folder's addres (and I was stupid enough to point this to him, so now I cant do it the same way) PS: This is the most spupid task I have ever had!!! This value is not really used anythere in program, it is only fcking pointless integer.

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  • Moving a unit precisely along a path in x,y coordinates

    - by Adam Eberbach
    I am playing around with a strategy game where squads move around a map. Each turn a certain amount of movement is allocated to a squad and if the squad has a destination the points are applied each turn until the destination is reached. Actual distance is used so if a squad moves one position in the x or y direction it uses one point, but moving diagonally takes ~1.4 points. The squad maintains actual position as float which is then rounded to allow drawing the position on the map. The path is described by touching the squad and dragging to the end position then lifting the pen or finger. (I'm doing this on an iPhone now but Android/Qt/Windows Mobile would work the same) As the pointer moves x, y points are recorded so that the squad gains a list of intermediate destinations on the way to the final destination. I'm finding that the destinations are not evenly spaced but can be further apart depending on the speed of the pointer movement. Following the path is important because obstacles or terrain matter in this game. I'm not trying to remake Flight Control but that's a similar mechanic. Here's what I've been doing, but it just seems too complicated (pseudocode): getDestination() { - self.nextDestination = remove_from_array(destinations) - self.gradient = delta y to destination / delta x to destination - self.angle = atan(self.gradient) - self.cosAngle = cos(self.angle) - self.sinAngle = sin(self.angle) } move() { - get movement allocation for this turn - if self.nextDestination not valid - - getNextDestination() - while(nextDestination valid) && (movement allocation remains) { - - find xStep and yStep using movement allocation and sinAngle/cosAngle calculated for current self.nextDestination - - if current position + xStep crosses the destination - - - find x movement remaining after self.nextDestination reached - - - calculate remaining direct path movement allocation (xStep remaining / cosAngle) - - - make self.position equal to self.nextDestination - - else - - - apply xStep and yStep to current position - } - round squad's float coordinates to integer screen coordinates - draw squad image on map } That's simplified of course, stuff like sign needs to be tweaked to ensure movement is in the right direction. If trig is the best way to do it then lookup tables can be used or maybe it doesn't matter on modern devices like it used to. Suggestions for a better way to do it? an update - iPhone has zero issues with trig and tracking tens of positions and tracks implemented as described above and it draws in floats anyway. The Bresenham method is more efficient, trig is more precise. If I was to use integer Bresenham I would want to multiply by ten or so to maintain a little more positional accuracy to benefit collisions/terrain detection.

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  • PHP 'instanceof' failing with class constant

    - by Nathan Loding
    I'm working on a framework that I'm trying to type as strongly as I possibly can. (I'm working within PHP and taking some of the ideas that I like from C# and trying to utilize them within this framework.) I'm creating a Collection class that is a collection of domain entities/objects. It's kinda modeled after the List<T> object in .Net. I've run into an obstacle that is preventing me from typing this class. If I have a UserCollection, it should only allow User objects into it. If I have a PostCollection, it should only allow Post objects. All Collections in this framework need to have certain basic functions, such as add, remove, iterate. I created an interface, but found that I couldn't do the following: interface ICollection { public function add($obj) } class PostCollection implements ICollection { public function add(Post $obj) {} } This broke it's compliance with the interface. But I can't have the interface strongly typed because then all Collections are of the same type. So I attempted the following: interface ICollection { public function add($obj) } abstract class Collection implements ICollection { const type = 'null'; } class PostCollection { const type = 'Post'; public function add($obj) { if(!($obj instanceof self::type)) { throw new UhOhException(); } } } When I attempt to run this code, I get syntax error, unexpected T_STRING, expecting T_VARIABLE or '$' on the instanceof statement. A little research into the issue and it looks like the root of the cause is that $obj instanceof self is valid to test against the class. It appears that PHP doesn't process the entire self::type constant statement in the expression. Adding parentheses around the self::type variable threw an error regarding an unexpected '('. An obvious workaround is to not make the type variable a constant. The expression $obj instanceof $this->type works just fine (if $type is declared as a variable, of course). I'm hoping that there's a way to avoid that, as I'd like to define the value as a constant to avoid any possible change in the variable later. Any thoughts on how I can achieve this, or have I take PHP to it's limit in this regard? Is there a way of "escaping" or encapsulating self::this so that PHP won't die when processing it?

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  • Moving from Windows to Ubuntu.

    - by djzmo
    Hello there, I used to program in Windows with Microsoft Visual C++ and I need to make some of my portable programs (written in portable C++) to be cross-platform, or at least I can release a working version of my program for both Linux and Windows. I am total newcomer in Linux application development (and rarely use the OS itself). So, today, I installed Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (through Wubi) and equipped Code::Blocks with the g++ compiler as my main weapon. Then I compiled my very first Hello World linux program, and I confused about the output program. I can run my program through the "Build and Run" menu option in Code::Blocks, but when I tried to launch the compiled application externally through a File Browser (in /media/MyNTFSPartition/MyProject/bin/Release; yes, I saved it in my NTFS partition), the program didn't show up. Why? I ran out of idea. I need to change my Windows and Microsoft Visual Studio mindset to Linux and Code::Blocks mindset. So I came up with these questions: How can I execute my compiled linux programs externally (outside IDE)? In Windows, I simply run the generated executable (.exe) file How can I distribute my linux application? In Windows, I simply distribute the executable files with the corresponding DLL files (if any) What is the equivalent of LIBs (static library) and DLLs (dynamic library) in linux and how to use them? In Windows/Visual Studio, I simply add the required libraries to the Additional Dependencies in the Project Settings, and my program will automatically link with the required static library(-ies)/DLLs. Is it possible to use the "binary form" of a C++ library (if provided) so that I wouldn't need to recompile the entire library source code? In Windows, yes. Sometimes precompiled *.lib files are provided. If I want to create a wxWidgets application in Linux, which package should I pick for Ubuntu? wxGTK or wxX11? Can I run wxGTK program under X11? In Windows, I use wxMSW, Of course. If question no. 4 is answered possible, are precompiled wxX11/wxGTK library exists out there? Haven't tried deep google search. In Windows, there is a project called "wxPack" (http://wxpack.sourceforge.net/) that saves a lot of my time. Sorry for asking many questions, but I am really confused on these linux development fundamentals. Any kind of help would be appreciated =) Thanks.

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  • ASP.NET MVC 4/Web API Single Page App for Mobile Devices ... Needs Authentication

    - by lmttag
    We have developed an ASP.NET MVC 4/Web API single page, mobile website (also using jQuery Mobile) that is intended to be accessed only from mobile devices (e.g., iPads, iPhones, Android tables and phones, etc.), not desktop browsers. This mobile website will be hosted internally, like an intranet site. However, since we’re accessing it from mobile devices, we can’t use Windows authentication. We still need to know which user (and their role) is logging in to the mobile website app. We tried simply using ASP.NET’s forms authentication and membership provider, but couldn’t get it working exactly the way we wanted. What we need is for the user to be prompted for a user name and password only on the first time they access the site on their mobile device. After they enter a correct user name and password and have been authenticated once, each subsequent time they access the site they should just go right in. They shouldn’t have to re-enter their credentials (i.e., something needs to be saved locally to each device to identify the user after the first time). This is where we had troubles. Everything worked as expected the first time. That is, the user was prompted to enter a user name and password, and, after doing that, was authenticated and allowed into the site. The problem is every time after the browser was closed on the mobile device, the device and user were not know and the user had to re-enter user name and password. We tried lots of things too. We tried setting persistent cookies in JavaScript. No good. The cookies weren’t there to be read the second time. We tried manually setting persistent cookies from ASP.NET. No good. We, of course, used FormsAuthentication.SetAuthCookie(model.UserName, true); as part of the form authentication framework. No good. We tried using HTML5 local storage. No good. No matter what we tried, if the user was on a mobile device, they would have to log in every single time. (Note: we’ve tried on an iPad and iPhone running both iOS 5.1 and 6.0, with Safari configure to allow cookies, and we’ve tried on Android 2.3.4.) Is there some trick to getting a scenario like this working? Or, do we have to write some sort of custom authentication mechanism? If so, how? And, what? Or, should we use something like claims-based authentication and WIF? Or??? Any help is appreciated. Thanks!

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  • Which style is preferable when writing this boolean expression?

    - by Jeppe Stig Nielsen
    I know this question is to some degree a matter of taste. I admit this is not something I don't understand, it's just something I want to hear others' opinion about. I need to write a method that takes two arguments, a boolean and a string. The boolean is in a sense (which will be obvious shortly) redundant, but it is part of a specification that the method must take in both arguments, and must raise an exception with a specific message text if the boolean has the "wrong" value. The bool must be true if and only if the string is not null or empty. So here are some different styles to write (hopefully!) the same thing. Which one do you find is the most readable, and compliant with good coding practice? // option A: Use two if, repeat throw statement and duplication of message string public void SomeMethod(bool useName, string name) { if (useName && string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) throw new SomeException("..."); if (!useName && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) throw new SomeException("..."); // rest of method } // option B: Long expression but using only && and || public void SomeMethod(bool useName, string name) { if (useName && string.IsNullOrEmpty(name) || !useName && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) throw new SomeException("..."); // rest of method } // option C: With == operator between booleans public void SomeMethod(bool useName, string name) { if (useName == string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) throw new SomeException("..."); // rest of method } // option D1: With XOR operator public void SomeMethod(bool useName, string name) { if (!(useName ^ string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))) throw new SomeException("..."); // rest of method } // option D2: With XOR operator public void SomeMethod(bool useName, string name) { if (useName ^ !string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) throw new SomeException("..."); // rest of method } Of course you're welcome to suggest other possibilities too. Message text "..." would be something like "If 'useName' is true a name must be given, and if 'useName' is false no name is allowed".

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  • Using pointers, references, handles to generic datatypes, as generic and flexible as possible

    - by Patrick
    In my application I have lots of different data types, e.g. Car, Bicycle, Person, ... (they're actually other data types, but this is just for the example). Since I also have quite some 'generic' code in my application, and the application was originally written in C, pointers to Car, Bicycle, Person, ... are often passed as void-pointers to these generic modules, together with an identification of the type, like this: Car myCar; ShowNiceDialog ((void *)&myCar, DATATYPE_CAR); The 'ShowNiceDialog' method now uses meta-information (functions that map DATATYPE_CAR to interfaces to get the actual data out of Car) to get information of the car, based on the given data type. That way, the generic logic only has to be written once, and not every time again for every new data type. Of course, in C++ you could make this much easier by using a common root class, like this class RootClass { public: string getName() const = 0; }; class Car : public RootClass { ... }; void ShowNiceDialog (RootClass *root); The problem is that in some cases, we don't want to store the data type in a class, but in a totally different format to save memory. In some cases we have hundreds of millions of instances that we need to manage in the application, and we don't want to make a full class for every instance. Suppose we have a data type with 2 characteristics: A quantity (double, 8 bytes) A boolean (1 byte) Although we only need 9 bytes to store this information, putting it in a class means that we need at least 16 bytes (because of the padding), and with the v-pointer we possibly even need 24 bytes. For hundreds of millions of instances, every byte counts (I have a 64-bit variant of the application and in some cases it needs 6 GB of memory). The void-pointer approach has the advantage that we can almost encode anything in a void-pointer and decide how to use it if we want information from it (use it as a real pointer, as an index, ...), but at the cost of type-safety. Templated solutions don't help since the generic logic forms quite a big part of the application, and we don't want to templatize all this. Additionally, the data model can be extended at run time, which also means that templates won't help. Are there better (and type-safer) ways to handle this than a void-pointer? Any references to frameworks, whitepapers, research material regarding this?

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  • How can I prevent segmentation faults in my program?

    - by worlds-apart89
    I have a C assignment. It is a lot longer than the code shown below, and we are given the function prototypes and instructions only. I have done my best at writing code, but I am stuck with segmentation faults. When I compile and run the program below on Linux, at "735 NaN" it will terminate, indicating a segfault occurred. Why? What am I doing wrong? Basically, the program does not let me access table-list_array[735]-value and table-list_array[735]-key. This is of course the first segfault. There might be more following index 735. #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> typedef struct list_node list_node_t; struct list_node { char *key; int value; list_node_t *next; }; typedef struct count_table count_table_t; struct count_table { int size; list_node_t **list_array; }; count_table_t* table_allocate(int size) { count_table_t *ptr = malloc(sizeof(count_table_t)); ptr->size = size; list_node_t *nodes[size]; int k; for(k=0; k<size; k++){ nodes[k] = NULL; } ptr->list_array = nodes; return ptr; } void table_addvalue(count_table_t *table) { int i; for(i=0; i<table->size; i++) { table->list_array[i] = malloc(sizeof(list_node_t)); table->list_array[i]->value = i; table->list_array[i]->key = "NaN"; table->list_array[i]->next = NULL; } } int main() { count_table_t *table = table_allocate(1000); table_addvalue(table); int i; for(i=0; i<table->size; i++) printf("%d %s\n", table->list_array[i]->value, table->list_array[i]->key); return 0; }

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  • What would you suggest as a high school first language?

    - by ldigas
    Edit by OA: After reading some answers I'll just update the question a little. At first I put it a little bluntly, but some of those gave me some good arguments which have to be taken into consideration while making a stand on this one. (these are mostly picked up from comments and answers below). A few things to take into account: to many pupils this is a first programming language - at this stage most of them have trouble grasping a difference between data types, variable passing, ... and whatnot, less alone pointers and similar 'low level stuff' :) they will all have to pass this to get into next grade (well, big majority of them anyway) not all of them have computers at home, not all of them are willing to learn this, less alone interested in - so the concepts have to be taught on a finite time scale in school hours (as well as practice on computers) free literature is a bonus - the teacher will make some scripts and handaways, but still ... I wouldn't like to bear the parents with the burden of buying expensive literature (also, english is not a native language here ... and although they are all learning it, their ability to read it fluently is somewhat questionable) somebody gave an argument - "a language which does not get in the way of ideas" - good one accessibility on different platforms in not expecially important at this point - although most of the suggested ones are available on win as well as linux - not many macs in this part of europe (their prices are sky high for anything but specialised usage) I will check what are the licencing issues on ms express editions about using it massively in high schools for purposes like this - if someone has any info about this, please, do not be shy with it :) A friend of mine, informatics teacher - in EU it comes as something as junior cs teacher, in a local high school asked me what I thought about what should be the first language pupils should be taught? It is a technical school (a little more oriented towards mathematics than the gymnasium, but not computer oriented totally). So I'm asking you - what do you think should be the first language pupils are exposed to in highschool? They have been teaching Pascal so far, but she's not sure that's a good course. She thought about switching to C (which I resented; considering not all pupils have interests in programming, to start with, and should be taught something higher level since they are just gripping the idea of a loop and such ... for a start), I suggested python or ruby (preferably py since it handles all paradigms). What is your opinion on this one? I looked, but didn't find a similar question on SO, so if there is one, please just point me towards it. Edit: The assumption is that none of the pupils have been exposed to any programming in junior school. See also: What is the best way to teach young kids some basic programming concepts? Best ways to teach a beginner to program How and when do you teach a kid to code What is the easiest language to start with? High School Programming

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  • Hibernate3: Self-Referencing Objects

    - by monojohnny
    Need some help on understanding how to do this; I'm going to be running recursive 'find' on a file system and I want to keep the information in a single DB table - with a self-referencing hierarchial structure: This is my DB Table structure I want to populate. DirObject Table: id int NOT NULL, name varchar(255) NOT NULL, parentid int NOT NULL); Here is the proposed Java Class I want to map (Fields only shown): public DirObject { int id; String name; DirObject parent; ... For the 'root' directory was going to use parentid=0; real ids will start at 1, and ideally I want hibernate to autogenerate the ids. Can somebody provide a suggested mapping file for this please; as a secondary question I thought about doing the Java Class like this instead: public DirObject { int id; String name; List<DirObject> subdirs; Could I use the same data model for either of these two methods ? (With a different mapping file of course). --- UPDATE: so I tried the mapping file suggested below (thanks!), repeated here for reference: <hibernate-mapping> <class name="my.proj.DirObject" table="category"> ... <set name="subDirs" lazy="true" inverse="true"> <key column="parentId"/> <one-to-many class="my.proj.DirObject"/> </set> <many-to-one name="parent" class="my.proj.DirObject" column="parentId" cascade="all" /> </class> ...and altered my Java class to have BOTH 'parentid' and 'getSubDirs' [returning a 'HashSet']. This appears to work - thanks, but this is the test code I used to drive this - I think I'm not doing something right here, because I thought Hibernate would take care of saving the subordinate objects in the Set without me having to do this explicitly ? DirObject dirobject=new DirObject(); dirobject.setName("/files"); dirobject.setParent(dirobject); DirObject d1, d2; d1=new DirObject(); d1.setName("subdir1"); d1.setParent(dirobject); d2=new DirObject(); d2.setName("subdir2"); d2.setParent(dirobject); HashSet<DirObject> subdirs=new HashSet<DirObject>(); subdirs.add(d1); subdirs.add(d2); dirobject.setSubdirs(subdirs); session.save(dirobject); session.save(d1); session.save(d2);

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  • Some clarification on rvalue references

    - by Dennis Zickefoose
    First: where are std::move and std::forward defined? I know what they do, but I can't find proof that any standard header is required to include them. In gcc44 sometimes std::move is available, and sometimes its not, so a definitive include directive would be useful. When implementing move semantics, the source is presumably left in an undefined state. Should this state necessarily be a valid state for the object? Obviously, you need to be able to call the object's destructor, and be able to assign to it by whatever means the class exposes. But should other operations be valid? I suppose what I'm asking is, if your class guarantees certain invariants, should you strive to enforce those invariants when the user has said they don't care about them anymore? Next: when you don't care about move semantics, are there any limitations that would cause a non-const reference to be preferred over an rvalue reference when dealing with function parameters? void function(T&); over void function(T&&); From a caller's perspective, being able to pass functions temporary values is occasionally useful, so it seems as though one should grant that option whenever it is feasible to do so. And rvalue references are themselves lvalues, so you can't inadvertently call a move-constructor instead of a copy-constructor, or something like that. I don't see a downside, but I'm sure there is one. Which brings me to my final question. You still can not bind temporaries to non-const references. But you can bind them to non-const rvalue references. And you can then pass along that reference as a non-const reference in another function. void function1(int& r) { r++; } void function2(int&& r) { function1(r); } int main() { function1(5); //bad function2(5); //good } Besides the fact that it doesn't do anything, is there anything wrong with that code? My gut says of course not, since changing rvalue references is kind of the whole point to their existence. And if the passed value is legitimately const, the compiler will catch it and yell at you. But by all appearances, this is a runaround of a mechanism that was presumably put in place for a reason, so I'd just like confirmation that I'm not doing anything foolish.

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  • Gradual memory leak in loop over contents of QTMovie

    - by Benji XVI
    I have a simple foundation tool that exports every frame of a movie as a .tiff file. Here is the relevant code: NSString* movieLoc = [NSString stringWithCString:argv[1]]; QTMovie *sourceMovie = [QTMovie movieWithFile:movieLoc error:nil]; int i=0; while (QTTimeCompare([sourceMovie currentTime], [sourceMovie duration]) != NSOrderedSame) { // save image of movie to disk NSAutoreleasePool *arp = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSString *filePath = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"/somelocation_%d.tiff", i++]; NSData *currentImageData = [[sourceMovie currentFrameImage] TIFFRepresentation]; [currentImageData writeToFile:filePath atomically:NO]; NSLog(@"%@", filePath); [sourceMovie stepForward]; [arp release]; } [pool drain]; return 0; As you can see, in order to prevent very large memory buildups with the various transparently-autoreleased variables in the loop, we create, and flush, an autoreleasepool with every run through the loop. However, over the course of stepping through a movie, the amount of memory used by the program still gradually increases. Instruments is not detecting any memory leaks per se, but the object trace shows certain General Data blocks to be increasing in size. [Edited out reference to slowdown as it doesn't seem to be as much of a problem as I thought.] Edit: let's knock out some parts of the code inside the loop & see what we find out... Test 1 while (banana) { NSAutoreleasePool *arp = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSString *filePath = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"/somelocation_%d.tiff", i++]; NSLog(@"%@", filePath); [sourceMovie stepForward]; [arp release]; } Here we simply loop over the whole movie, creating the filename and logging it. Memory characteristics: remains at 15MB usage for the duration. Test 2 while (banana) { NSAutoreleasePool *arp = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSImage *image = [sourceMovie currentFrameImage]; [sourceMovie stepForward]; [arp release]; } Here we add back in the creation of the NSImage from the current frame. Memory characteristics: gradually increasing memory usage. RSIZE is at 60MB by frame 200; 75MB by f300. Test 3 while (banana) { NSAutoreleasePool *arp = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSImage *image = [sourceMovie currentFrameImage]; NSData *imageData = [image TIFFRepresentation]; [sourceMovie stepForward]; [arp release]; } We've added back in the creation of an NSData object from the NSImage. Memory characteristics: Memory usage is again increasing: 62MB at f200; 75MB at f300. In other words, largely identical. It looks like a memory leak in the underlying system QTMovie uses to do currentFrameImage, to me.

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  • what to do with a flawed C++ skills test

    - by Mike Landis
    In the following gcc.gnu.org post, Nathan Myers says that a C++ skills test at SANS Consulting Services contained three errors in nine questions: Looking around, one of fthe first on-line C++ skills tests I ran across was: http://www.geekinterview.com/question_details/13090 I looked at question 1... find(int x,int y) { return ((x<y)?0:(x-y)):} call find(a,find(a,b)) use to find (a) maximum of a,b (b) minimum of a,b (c) positive difference of a,b (d) sum of a,b ... immediately wondering why would anyone write anything so obtuse. Getting past the absurdity, I didn't really like any of the answers, immediately eliminating (a) and (b) because you can get back zero (which is neither a nor b) in a variety of circumstances. Sum or difference seemed more likely, except that you could also get zero regardless of the magnitudes of a and b. So... I put Matlab to work (code below) and found: when either a or b is negative you get zero; when b a you get a; otherwise you get b, so the answer is (b) min(a,b), if a and b are positive, though strictly speaking the answer should be none of the above because there are no range restrictions on either variable. That forces test takers into a dilemma - choose the best available answer and be wrong in 3 of 4 quadrants, or don't answer, leaving the door open to the conclusion that the grader thinks you couldn't figure it out. The solution for test givers is to fix the test, but in the interim, what's the right course of action for test takers? Complain about the questions? function z = findfunc(x,y) for i=1:length(x) if x(i) < y(i) z(i) = 0; else z(i) = x(i) - y(i); end end end function [b,d1,z] = plotstuff() k = 50; a = [-k:1:k]; b = (2*k+1) * rand(length(a),1) - k; d1 = findfunc(a,b); z = findfunc(a,d1); plot( a, b, 'r.', a, d1, 'g-', a, z, 'b-'); end

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  • Google Code + SVN or GitHub + Git

    - by Nazgulled
    Let me start by telling you that I never used anything besides SVN and I'm also a Windows user. I have a couple of simple projects that are open-source, others are on there way when I'm happy enough to release their source code but either way, I was thinking of using Google Code and SVN to share the source code of my projects instead of providing a link to the source on my website. This as always been a pain cause I had to update the binaries and the code every time I released a new version. This would also help me out to have a backup of my code some where instead of just my local machine (I used to have a local Subversion server running). What I want from a service like this is very simple... I just want a place to store my source code that people can download if they want, allows me to control revisions and provide a simple and easy issue system so people can submit bugs and stuff like that. I guess both of them have this. But I don't want to host any binaries in their websites, I want this to be hosted on my website so I can control download statistics with my own scripts, I also don't have the need for wiki pages as I prefer to have all the documentation in my own website. Does anyone of this services provide a way to "disable" features like wiki and downloads and don't show them at all for my project(s)? Now, I'm sure there are lots of pros and cons about using Google Code with SVN and GitHub with Git (of course) but here's what it's important for me on each one and why I like them: Google Code: As with any Google page, the complexity is almost non-existent Everyone (or almost) as a Google account and this is nice if people want to report problems using the issues system GitHub: May (or may not) be a little more complex (not a problem for me though) than Google's pages but... ...has a much prettier interface than Google's service It needs people to be registered on GitHub to post about issues I like the fact that with Git, you have your own revisions locally (can I use TortoiseGit for this or?) Basically that's it, not much I know... What other, most common, pros and cons can you tell me about each site/software? Keep in mind that my projects are simple, I'm probably the only one who will ever develop these projects on these repositories (or maybe not, for now I will)

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  • Strange problem publishing a fresh Ruby on Rails 3 application on localhost (Apache, Passenger and VirtualHosts)

    - by user502052
    I recently created a new Ruby on Rails 3 application locally on a Mac OS, named "test". Since I use apache2, in the private/etc/apache2/httpd.conf I set the VirtualHost for the "test" application: <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName test.pjtmain.localhost:443 DocumentRoot "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/test/public" RackEnv development <Directory "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/test/public"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # SSL Configuration SSLEngine on ... </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName test.pjtmain.localhost DocumentRoot "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/test/public" RackEnv development <Directory "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/test/public"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> Of course I restart apache2, but trying to access to http://test.pjtmain.localhost/ I have this error message from: FIREFOX Oops! Firefox could not find test.pjtmain.localhost Suggestions: * Search on Google: ... SAFARI Safari can’t find the server. Safari can’t open the page “http://test.pjtmain.localhost/” because Safari can’t find the server “test.pjtmain.localhost”. I have other RoR3 applications setted like that above in the httpd.conf file and all them work. What is the problem (maybe it is not related to apache...)? Notes: 1. Using the 'Network Uility' I did a Ping with the following result: ping: cannot resolve test.pjtmain.localhost: Unknown host and I did a Lookup with the follonwing result: ; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-APPLE-P2 <<>> test.pjtmain.localhost +multiline +nocomments +nocmd +noquestion +nostats +search ;; global options: +cmd <MY_BROADBAND_TELECOMUNICATIONS_COMPANY_NAME>.com. 115 IN SOA dns1.<MY_BROADBAND_TELECOMUNICATIONS_COMPANY_NAME>.com. dnsmaster.<MY_BROADBAND_TELECOMUNICATIONS_COMPANY_NAME>.com. ( 2010110500 ; serial 10800 ; refresh (3 hours) 900 ; retry (15 minutes) 604800 ; expire (1 week) 86400 ; minimum (1 day) ) 2. I am using Phusion Passenger 3. Since I not changed nothing to the new "test" application, I expect to see the default RoR index.html page: 4. It seems that in the 'Console Messages' there is any warning or error

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  • getline() sets failbit and skips last line

    - by Thanatos
    I'm using std::getline() to enumerate through the lines in a file, and it's mostly working. It's left me curious however - std::getline() is skipping the very last line in my file, but only if it's blank. Using this minimal example: #include <iostream> #include <string> int main() { std::string line; while(std::getline(std::cin, line)) std::cout << "Line: “" << line << "”\n"; return 0; } If I feed it this: Line A Line B Line C I get those lines back at me. But this: Line A Line B Line C [* line is present but blank, ie, the file end is: "...B\nLine C\n" *] (I unfortunately can't have a blank line in SO's little code box thing...) So, first file has three lines ( ["Line A", "Line B", "Line C"] ), second file has four ( ["Line A", "Line B", "Line C", ""] ) This to me seems wrong - I have a four line file, and enumerating it with getline() leaves me with 3. What's really got me scratching my head is that this is exactly what the standard says it should do. (21.3.7.9) Even Python has similar behaviour (but it gives me the newlines too - C++ chops them off.) Is this some weird thing where C++ is expected lines to be terminated, and not separated by '\n', and I'm feeding it differently? Edit Clearly, I need to expand a bit here. I've met up with two philosophies of determining what a "line" in a file is: Lines are terminated by newlines - Dominant in systems such as Linux, and editors like vim. Possible to have a slightly "odd" file by not having a final '\n' (a "noeol" in vim). Impossible to have a blank line at the end of a file. Lines are separated by newlines - Dominant in just about every Windows editor I've ever come across. Every file is valid, and it's possible to have the last line be blank. Of course, YMMV as to what a newline is. I've always treated these as two completely different schools of thought. One earlier point I tried to make was to ask if the C++ standard was explicitly or merely implicitly following the first. (Curiously, where is Mac? terminated or separated?)

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  • .NET and C# Exceptions. What is it reasonable to catch.

    - by djna
    Disclaimer, I'm from a Java background. I don't do much C#. There's a great deal of transfer between the two worlds, but of course there are differences and one is in the way Exceptions tend to be thought about. I recently answered a C# question suggesting that under some circstances it's reasonable to do this: try { some work } catch (Exeption e) { commonExceptionHandler(); } (The reasons why are immaterial). I got a response that I don't quite understand: until .NET 4.0, it's very bad to catch Exception. It means you catch various low-level fatal errors and so disguise bugs. It also means that in the event of some kind of corruption that triggers such an exception, any open finally blocks on the stack will be executed, so even if the callExceptionReporter fuunction tries to log and quit, it may not even get to that point (the finally blocks may throw again, or cause more corruption, or delete something important from the disk or database). May I'm more confused than I realise, but I don't agree with some of that. Please would other folks comment. I understand that there are many low level Exceptions we don't want to swallow. My commonExceptionHandler() function could reasonably rethrow those. This seems consistent with this answer to a related question. Which does say "Depending on your context it can be acceptable to use catch(...), providing the exception is re-thrown." So I conclude using catch (Exception ) is not always evil, silently swallowing certain exceptions is. The phrase "Until .NET 4 it is very bad to Catch Exception" What changes in .NET 4? IS this a reference to AggregateException, which may give us some new things to do with exceptions we catch, but I don't think changes the fundamental "don't swallow" rule. The next phrase really bothers be. Can this be right? It also means that in the event of some kind of corruption that triggers such an exception, any open finally blocks on the stack will be executed (the finally blocks may throw again, or cause more corruption, or delete something important from the disk or database) My understanding is that if some low level code had lowLevelMethod() { try { lowestLevelMethod(); } finally { some really important stuff } } and in my code I call lowLevel(); try { lowLevel() } catch (Exception e) { exception handling and maybe rethrowing } Whether or not I catch Exception this has no effect whatever on the excution of the finally block. By the time we leave lowLevelMethod() the finally has already run. If the finally is going to do any of the bad things, such as corrupt my disk, then it will do so. My catching the Exception made no difference. If It reaches my Exception block I need to do the right thing, but I can't be the cause of dmis-executing finallys

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  • Doing some stuff right before the user exits the page

    - by Mike
    I have seen some questions here regarding what I want to achieve and have based what I have so far on those answer. But there is a slight misbehavior that is still irritating me. What I have is sort of a recovery feature. Whenever you are typing text, the client sends a sync request to the server every 45 seconds. It does 2 things. First, it extends the lease the client has on the record (only one person may edit at one time) for another 60 seconds. Second, it sends the text typed so far to the server in case the server crashes, internet connection fails, etc. In that case, the next time the user enters our application, the user is notified that something has gone wrong and that some text was recovered. Think of Microsoft or OpenOffice recovery whenever they crash! Of course, if the user leaves the page willingly, the user does not need to be notified and as a result, the recovery is deleted. I do that final request via a beforeunload event. Everything went fine until I was asked to make a final adjustment... The same behavior you have here at stack overflow when you exit the editor... a confirm dialogue. This works so far, BUT, the confirm dialogue is shown twice. Here is the code. The event if (local.sync.autosave_textelement) { window.onbeforeunload = exitConfirm; } The function function exitConfirm() { var local = Core; if (confirm('blub?')) { local.sync.autosave_destroy = true; sync(false); return true; } else { return false; } }; Some problem irrelevant clarifications: Core is a global Object that contains a lot of variables that are used everywhere. sync makes an ajax request. The values are based on the values that the Core.sync object contains. The parameter determines if the call should be async (default) or sync. Edit 1 I did try to separate both things (recovery deletion and user confirmation that is) into beforeunload and unload. The problem there was that unload is a bit too late. The user gets informed that there is a recovery even though it is scheduled to be deleted. If you refresh the page 1 second later, the dialogue disappears as the file was deleted by then.

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  • Loading the last related record instantly for multiple parent records using Entity framework

    - by Guillaume Schuermans
    Does anyone know a good approach using Entity Framework for the problem described below? I am trying for our next release to come up with a performant way to show the placed orders for the logged on customer. Of course paging is always a good technique to use when a lot of data is available I would like to see an answer without any paging techniques. Here's the story: a customer places an order which gets an orderstatus = PENDING. Depending on some strategy we move that order up the chain in order to get it APPROVED. Every change of status is logged so we can see a trace for statusses and maybe even an extra line of comment per status which can provide some extra valuable information to whoever sees this order in an interface. So an Order is linked to a Customer. One order can have multiple orderstatusses stored in OrderStatusHistory. In my testscenario I am using a customer which has 100+ Orders each with about 5 records in the OrderStatusHistory-table. I would for now like to see all orders in one page not using paging where for each Order I show the last relevant Status and the extra comment (if there is any for this last status; both fields coming from OrderStatusHistory; the record with the highest Id for the given OrderId). There are multiple scenarios I have tried, but I would like to see any potential other solutions or comments on the things I have already tried. Trying to do Include() when getting Orders but this still results in multiple queries launched on the database. Each order triggers an extra query to the database to get all orderstatusses in the history table. So all statusses are queried here instead of just returning the last relevant one, plus 100 extra queries are launched for 100 orders. You can imagine the problem when there are 100000+ orders in the database. Having 2 computed columns on the database: LastStatus, LastStatusInformation and a regular Linq-Query which gets those columns which are available through the Entity-model. The problem with this approach is the fact that those computed columns are determined using a scalar function which can not be changed without removing the formula from the computed column, etc... In the end I am very familiar with SQL and Stored procedures, but since the rest of the data-layer uses Entity Framework I would like to stick to it as long as possible, even though I have my doubts about performance. Using the SQL approach I would write something like this: WITH cte (RN, OrderId, [Status], Information) AS ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY OrderId ORDER BY Id DESC), OrderId, [Status], Information FROM OrderStatus ) SELECT o.Id, cte.[Status], cte.Information AS StatusInformation, o.* FROM [Order] o INNER JOIN cte ON o.Id = cte.OrderId AND cte.RN = 1 WHERE CustomerId = @CustomerId ORDER BY 1 DESC; which returns all orders for the customer with the statusinformation provided by the Common Table Expression. Does anyone know a good approach using Entity Framework?

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  • Implementing coroutines in Java

    - by JUST MY correct OPINION
    This question is related to my question on existing coroutine implementations in Java. If, as I suspect, it turns out that there is no full implementation of coroutines currently available in Java, what would be required to implement them? As I said in that question, I know about the following: You can implement "coroutines" as threads/thread pools behind the scenes. You can do tricksy things with JVM bytecode behind the scenes to make coroutines possible. The so-called "Da Vinci Machine" JVM implementation has primitives that make coroutines doable without bytecode manipulation. There are various JNI-based approaches to coroutines also possible. I'll address each one's deficiencies in turn. Thread-based coroutines This "solution" is pathological. The whole point of coroutines is to avoid the overhead of threading, locking, kernel scheduling, etc. Coroutines are supposed to be light and fast and to execute only in user space. Implementing them in terms of full-tilt threads with tight restrictions gets rid of all the advantages. JVM bytecode manipulation This solution is more practical, albeit a bit difficult to pull off. This is roughly the same as jumping down into assembly language for coroutine libraries in C (which is how many of them work) with the advantage that you have only one architecture to worry about and get right. It also ties you down to only running your code on fully-compliant JVM stacks (which means, for example, no Android) unless you can find a way to do the same thing on the non-compliant stack. If you do find a way to do this, however, you have now doubled your system complexity and testing needs. The Da Vinci Machine The Da Vinci Machine is cool for experimentation, but since it is not a standard JVM its features aren't going to be available everywhere. Indeed I suspect most production environments would specifically forbid the use of the Da Vinci Machine. Thus I could use this to make cool experiments but not for any code I expect to release to the real world. This also has the added problem similar to the JVM bytecode manipulation solution above: won't work on alternative stacks (like Android's). JNI implementation This solution renders the point of doing this in Java at all moot. Each combination of CPU and operating system requires independent testing and each is a point of potentially frustrating subtle failure. Alternatively, of course, I could tie myself down to one platform entirely but this, too, makes the point of doing things in Java entirely moot. So... Is there any way to implement coroutines in Java without using one of these four techniques? Or will I be forced to use the one of those four that smells the least (JVM manipulation) instead?

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  • How to implement a tagging plugin for jQuery

    - by anxiety
    Goal: To implement a jQuery plugin for my rails app (or write one myself, if necessary) that creates a "box" around text after a delimiter is typed. Example: With tagging on SO, the user begins typing a tag, then selects one from the drop-down list provided. The input field recognizes that a tag has been selected, puts a space and then is ready for the next tag. Similarly, I am attempting to use this plugin to put a box around the previously entered tag before moving to to accept the next tag/input. The instructions in the README.txt seem simple enough, however I have been receiving a $(".tagbox").tagbox is not a function error when debugging my app with firebug. Here is what I have in my application.js: $(document).ready( function(){ $('.tagbox').tagbox({ separator: /\[,]/, // specifying comma separation for <code>tags</code> }); }); And here is my _form.html.erb: <% form_for @tag do |f| %> <%= f.error_messages %> <p> <%= f.label :name %><br /> <%= text_field :tag, :name, { :method => :get, :class => "tagbox" } %> </p> <p><%= f.submit "Submit" %></p> <% end %> I have omitted some other code (namely the implementation of an autocomplete plugin) existing within my _form.html.erb and application.js for sake of readability. The inclusion or exclusion of this omitted code does not affect the performance of this plugin. I have included all of the necessary files for the tagbox plugin (as well as application.js after all other included JS files) within the javascript_include_tag in my application.html.erb file. I'm pretty much confused as to why I'd be getting this "not a function" error when jquery.tagbox.js clearly defines the function and is included in the head of my html page in question. I've been struggling with this plugin for longer than I'd like to admit, so any help would really be appreciated. And, of course, I'm open to any other plugins or from-scratch suggestions you may have in mind.. This tagbox plugin does not seem to have a wealth of documentation or any currently working examples. Also to note, I'm trying to avoid using jrails. Thanks for your time

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  • java web application best practices

    - by Bruce
    Hi all I'm trying to figure out the optimum way to develop and release a fairly simple web application, and I'm running into several problems. I'll outline the decisions I've made, because somewhere I've clearly gone off the rails.. Hugely grateful for any help! I have what I think is a fairly simple web application. It contains a couple of jsps that reference a couple of java beans, and the usual static html, js, css and images. Decision 1) I wanted to have a clear and clean release procedure, such that I could develop on my local machine and then release reliably to a production machine. I therefore made the decision to package the application into a war file (including all the static resources), to minimize the separate bits and pieces I would need to release. So far so good? Decision 2) I wanted things on my local machine to be as similar as possible to the production environment. So in my html, for example, I may have a reference to a static file such as http://static.foo.com/file . To keep this code working seamlessly on dev and prod, I decided to put static.foo.com in my /etc/hosts when developing locally, so that all the urls work correctly without changing anything. Decision 3) I decided to use eclipse and maven to give me a best practice environment for administering and building my project. So I have a nice tight set up now, except that: Every time I want to change anything in development, like one line in an html file, I have to rebuild the entire project and then wait for tomcat to load the war before I can see if it's what I wanted. So my questions are: 1) Is there a way to connect up eclipse and tomcat so that I don't have to rebuild the war each time? ie tomcat is looking straight at my actual workspace to serve up the static files? 2)I think I'm maybe making things harder by using /etc/hosts to reflect production urls - is there a better way that doesn't involve manually changing over urls (relative urls are fine of course, but where you have many subdomains, say one for static files and one for dynamic, you have to write out the full path, surely?) 3) Is this really best practice?? How do people set things up so that they balance the requirement for an automated, all-encompassing build process on the one hand, and the speed and flexibility to be able to develop javascript and html and css quickly, as quickly as if one just pointed apache at the directory and developed live? What do people find works? Many thanks!

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