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• How to improve long text readability in Chrome?

  - by amiregelz

  I need to start reading The TCP/IP Guide. I have to admit that compared to other informative guides/tutorials/articles out there, this guide isn't so cluttered. However, I still find it a little bit hard to read, especially when reading for several hours. I don't know if it's the font, the contrast or the spacing, but this is why I've always preferred learning from books rather than from the internet. What can I do to make this guide more readable? I am reading it on Google Chrome.

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• After logging out of SSH, screen sessions disappear on Arch Linux

  - by Ivan

  On Arch Linux (I'm on a single dedicated server, where my domain name points to only one IP), when I SSH into a user (say, for example, user mc), and then do screen -S test (or -dmS, the resulting issue is the same), run a command, and then detach from it, then exit out of my SSH session, and log back in, the screen session disappears. screen -ls returns No Sockets found in /run/screens/S-mc. The only way I can reattach to my sessions is if I never logged out of my SSH. How do I fix this? I do have read/write access in /run/screens/S-mc I detach from screen sessions with Ctrl-A,D disown -a && exit gives me the same problem shopt huponexit returns "huponexit off" There is no ~/.logout, and ~/.bash_logout is empty, with 3 lines of comments, telling me it's the ~/.bash_logout file ls -l /usr/bin | grep screen returns lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Oct 31 2012 screen -> screen-4.0.3 -rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 363672 Oct 31 2012 screen-4.0.3

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• Nginx Rate Limiting by Referrer?

  - by SteveEdson

  I've successfully set up rate limiting on IP addresses like so, limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s; But I was wondering if its possible to do the same on referrers? For example, if a site gets placed in an iframe on a third party site, which generates too much traffic to handle. I can't find any nginx variables for the referrer anywhere. Is this possible? Or can the solution be achieved in a different way? Thanks.

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• performance block countries using iptables /netfilter

  - by markus

  It's easy to block IPs from country using iptables (e.g. like http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/block-entier-country-using-iptables/). However I read that the performance can go down if the deny list get too large. An alternative is installing the iptables geoip patch or using ipset ( http://www.jsimmons.co.uk/2010/06/08/using-ipset-with-iptables-in-ubuntu-lts-1004-to-block-large-ip-ranges/) instead of iptables. Does anyone have experience with the various approaches and can say something about the performance differences ? Are there are other ways to block country IPs in linux which I did't mentioned above?

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• How to talk to a virtual host on a guest OS?

  - by Bernd

  Let's say there is a host OS (Mac OS X) and a virtual machine running Ubuntu as guest OS. The guest OS has the IP 192.186.56.101 and some virtual hosts, e.g. ubuntu.server So, how to really map a request to the virtual host ubuntu.server on the guest OS? I tried: Configure the host OS in /etc/hosts to map ubuntu.server to 192.186.56.101 On the guest OS we have the trouble. It accepts the request for 192.186.56.101 which is not ubuntu.server and therefor the ubuntu.server virtual host will never be requested. Just the localhost on the guest OS. It might surely be possible to simply then use 192.168.56.101. But this would only work for one host per guest OS. Any idea? Or is there a bug in my train of thoughts?

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• Set up linux box for hosting a-z

  - by microchasm

  I am in the process of reinstalling the OS on a machine that will be used to host a couple of apps for our business. The apps will be local only; access from external clients will be via vpn only. The prior setup used a hosting control panel (Plesk) for most of the admin, and I was looking at using another similar piece of software for the reinstall - but I figured I should finally learn how it all works. I can do most of the things the software would do for me, but am unclear on the symbiosis of it all. This is all an attempt to further distance myself from the land of Configuration Programmer/Programmer, if at all possible. I can't find a full walkthrough anywhere for what I'm looking for, so I thought I'd put up this question, and if people can help me on the way I will edit this with the answers, and document my progress/pitfalls. Hopefully someday this will help someone down the line. The details: CentOS 5.5 x86_64 httpd: Apache/2.2.3 mysql: 5.0.77 (to be upgraded) php: 5.1 (to be upgraded) The requirements: SECURITY!! Secure file transfer Secure client access (SSL Certs and CA) Secure data storage Virtualhosts/multiple subdomains Local email would be nice, but not critical The Steps: Download latest CentOS DVD-iso (torrent worked great for me). Install CentOS: While going through the install, I checked the Server Components option thinking I was going to be using another Plesk-like admin. In hindsight, considering I've decided to try to go my own way, this probably wasn't the best idea. Basic config: Setup users, networking/ip address etc. Yum update/upgrade. Upgrade PHP/MySQL: To upgrade PHP and MySQL to the latest versions, I had to look to another repo outside CentOS. IUS looks great and I'm happy I found it! Add IUS repository to our package manager cd /tmp wget http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/5/x86_64/epel-release-1-1.ius.el5.noarch.rpm rpm -Uvh epel-release-1-1.ius.el5.noarch.rpm wget http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/5/x86_64/ius-release-1-4.ius.el5.noarch.rpm rpm -Uvh ius-release-1-4.ius.el5.noarch.rpm yum list | grep -w \.ius\. # list all the packages in the IUS repository; use this to find PHP/MySQL version and libraries you want to install Remove old version of PHP and install newer version from IUS rpm -qa | grep php # to list all of the installed php packages we want to remove yum shell # open an interactive yum shell remove php-common php-mysql php-cli #remove installed PHP components install php53 php53-mysql php53-cli php53-common #add packages you want transaction solve #important!! checks for dependencies transaction run #important!! does the actual installation of packages. [control+d] #exit yum shell php -v PHP 5.3.2 (cli) (built: Apr 6 2010 18:13:45) Upgrade MySQL from IUS repository /etc/init.d/mysqld stop rpm -qa | grep mysql # to see installed mysql packages yum shell remove mysql mysql-server #remove installed MySQL components install mysql51 mysql51-server mysql51-devel transaction solve #important!! checks for dependencies transaction run #important!! does the actual installation of packages. [control+d] #exit yum shell service mysqld start mysql -v Server version: 5.1.42-ius Distributed by The IUS Community Project Upgrade instructions courtesy of IUS wiki: http://wiki.iuscommunity.org/Doc/ClientUsageGuide Install rssh (restricted shell) to provide scp and sftp access, without allowing ssh login cd /tmp wget http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/rssh/rssh-2.3.2-1.2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh rssh-2.3.2-1.2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm useradd -m -d /home/dev -s /usr/bin/rssh dev passwd dev Edit /etc/rssh.conf to grant access to SFTP to rssh users. vi /etc/rssh.conf Uncomment or add: allowscp allowsftp This allows me to connect to the machine via SFTP protocol in Transmit (my FTP program of choice; I'm sure it's similar with other FTP apps). rssh instructions appropriated (with appreciation!) from http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-unix-restrict-shell-access-with-rssh.html Set up virtual interfaces ifconfig eth1:1 192.168.1.3 up #start up the virtual interface cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ cp ifcfg-eth1 ifcfg-eth1:1 #copy default script and match name to our virtual interface vi ifcfg-eth1:1 #modify eth1:1 script #ifcfg-eth1:1 | modify so it looks like this: DEVICE=eth1:1 IPADDR=192.168.1.3 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.1.0 ONBOOT=yes NAME=eth1:1 Add more Virtual interfaces as needed by repeating. Because of the ONBOOT=yes line in the ifcfg-eth1:1 file, this interface will be brought up when the system boots, or the network starts/restarts. service network restart Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ] Shutting down interface eth1: [ OK ] Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth1: [ OK ] ping 192.168.1.3 64 bytes from 192.168.1.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.105 ms And this is where I'm at. I will keep editing this as I make progress. Any tips on how to Configure virtual interfaces/ip based virtual hosts for SSL, setting up a CA, or anything else would be appreciated.

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• dd-wrt Bonjour/ netbios etc on two subnets

  - by user72182

  Hi I was wondering if any clever people out there could help me. I have a network setup with two different subnets 192.168.1.0 and 192.168.0.0 one router is connected to a VPN (via OpenVPN) the other is not. Both routers have static routes to each other and a device on one can communicate to another without issues when using IP addresses. My problem is I want to use services like Bonjour, Netbios and Apple Talk across the two networks, which currently does not work. A laptop connected on one subnet will not see a laptop connected on another. Is there anyway that you can connect the two networks together so these sort of local service will work??? I guess I have to forward the boardcast packets but I have no idea how to do this. Thanks for any help...

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• Certain users cannot get to my server

  - by Zeno

  I am finding more and more users that report they cannot reach my server (website or services). Their tracert from that user looks like this: Tracing route to domain.com [*.*.*.255] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 * * * Request timed out. The server is up and functional and every else reports it is fine. But there are various users who cannot get to it. I have no firewall or anything that would block anyone. Yes, the last part of the server IP is 255. Could this be causing it? http://www.dslreports.com/forum/r18539206-Last-octet-255-bug-on-Windows Or would a certain ISP be denying traffic to my server? Or something on their router level?

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• FTP in DMZ, TCP Ports for LDAP Auth

  - by sam

  szenario: (outside)---(ASA5510)---(inside) -Windows2008 DC .....................(dmz) ..........-Win2008 FTP Server Which Ports do I need to open from DMZ-Inside that FTP Users can authentificated on the Inside DC? I have allready opend 389 (Ldap), 636 (secure Ldap) and 53 (dns). But the ftp Client stucks allways after processing the credentials and the FTP Server gives you an eventlog "logon error". the error messages indicates that there could be an issue with closed ports. if I turn the ACL to "IP", that means all ports are open, everything is working fine.

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• Remote Desktop Connection can't connect to Windows Server 2012

  - by Guy Thomas

  Mission to Remote Desktop INTO Windows Server 2012 (standalone). Situation: Control Panel, System, Remote Settings, Remote Desktop – Allow All firewalls off Connect attempt using a known IP address (ping works ok) Connect Option as a user who has already logged on. Error message: Remote Access Cannot Connect 1) Remote access not enabled 2) Remote computer turned off 3) Remote computer not available Additional info: The Server 2012 can RDC OUT. The machines I use to connect IN are Windows 7 and Windows 8, they will RDC to other machines. I have fair experience of configuring remote desktop. Question: Is this a fault of beta software on the 2012 server, or is there a new way of getting RDC to work that I am missing?

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• Cutting users off in Windows console sessions

  - by RoRy

  I'm currently working in a company where many of us log onto hosts/servers under Windows Server 2008 via console session. If one person is logged on and another tries it causes the person who was logged on first (and maybe doing something important) to be cut off. Is there such a thing as an application for such events where before logging on people can see if any other IP address is controlling the host/server? Also, if the person on the console session had the ability to leave a note for anybody thinking of taking over the session of when they are finished etc.. I have many other ideas for such things but could someone tell me if such an application exists?

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• What ports does Advantage Database Server need?

  - by asherber

  I have an application which uses ADS and I am attempting to deploy it in a Windows network environment with a rather restrictive firewall. I am having a problem configuring firewall ports appropriately. ADS lives on \\server, and it's listening on port 1234. When \\client tries to connect to \\server\tables, I get Error 6420 (Discovery process failed). When \client tries to connect to \\server:1234\tables, I get error 6097, bad IP address specified in the connection path. \\server is pingable from \\client, and I can telnet to \server:1234. If I try to connect from a client machine inside the firewall, either connection path works fine. It seems there must be something else I need to open in the firewall. Any ideas? Thanks, Aaron. Edit: I should have specified that the firewall is open to \\server:1234 specifically for TCP traffic. Is UDP involved here in some way?

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• Wake on Lan/Wan won't work after some time has passsed

  - by Vian Esterhuizen

  I have the following set up: Gigabyte Z77X-UD5H Wake On Lan Enabled Asus N66U Port Forwarding Static IP assigned to my computer Windows 7 Advanced Power Management - PCI Express - Off Intel 82579V - All options under Power Management checked I'm trying to set this up for Wake on Wan capabilities. If I shut down my computer and immediately try to Wake on Wan (and Lan) it works and starts up. While the computer is on, I've used a few WOL specific packet sniffers and the packet comes through on the correct port. After any period of time over a few minutes, waking on Wan or Lan won't work. The back "activity" light is blinking on my ethernet port on my computer, as well as on the router, so I would assume the network card is on and able to receive a signal. Any ideas? Suggestions? What can I do to troubleshoot the problem?

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• Cannot access Network Shares on Windows Server 2008 running VisualSVN Server

  - by mwillmott

  I have installed VisualSVN server on Windows Server 2008. The server is part of a domain but not the domain controller, it is just a data server and now an SVN server. VisualSVN uses port 80 and can only be access from inside the network (i do i by going to the dns name of the server). However, ever since i have installed this, other computers on the network can no longer access the shared folders on the server EXCEPT the domain controller which has no problems accessing the shares. I am stumped, i am guessing it is something to do with Apache running and not using host-headers (or whatever the Apache equivalent may be) but just being bound to the servers DNS name or IP. Any suggestions?

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• CentOS Existing host to new host with all data/files

  - by ganesh

  Good noon. Our small startup management decided to move our production server from existing provider to azure. We have centOS on both. It is for classified's related site, considerable amount of data and ~thousands users with their disc space quota. This is our first time moving our servers. I need your Guidance and suggestions on these. 1) How to migrate the mysql db (dump OR slave OR copy filesystem)? 2) How to manage the emails during the downtime. 3) Manage the files 4) How to security/Firewall check list for the new system 5) IP/DNS related Checklist 6) Anything that I missed out!. Since first time, planning to be more cautious. Any reference documents Highly appreciated. Thank you all!.

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• How do we keep Active Directory resilient across multiple sites?

  - by Alistair Bell

  I handle much of the IT for a company of around 100 people, spread across about five sites worldwide. We're using Active Directory for authentication, mostly served to Linux (CentOS 5) systems via LDAP. We've been suffering through a spate of events where the IP tunnel between the two major sites goes down and the secondary domain controller at one site can't contact the primary domain controller at the other. It seems that the secondary domain controller starts denying user authentication within minutes of losing connectivity to the primary. How do we make the secondary domain controller more resilient to downtime? Is there a way for it to cache the entire directory and/or at least keep enough information locally to survive a multi-hour disconnection? (We're all in a single organizational unit if that makes any difference.) (The servers here are Windows Server 2003; don't assume that we set this up correctly. I'm a software engineer, not an IT specialist.)

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• Routing to a Terminal Services Cluster

  - by Dave

  I am trying to connect to a Load Balanced Windows 2008 R2 cluster using Remote Desktop Services. I have no trouble connecting to the the Servers' IP addresses (.253.16 and .253.17) or the Cluster address (.253.20) from inside the subnet (.253). The trouble is when I try to connect from the other subnet(.251). I can remote to the other non-clustered servers (.253.12 and .253.15) inside the .253 subnet from the .251 without an issue. I receive a ping reply from the cluster and other servers when I am on the .251 subnet. But when I try to connect via remote desktop it times out but only to any of the IPs on the cluster (.20,.17,.16). My ASA 5510 handling the routing reports message in the log: Deny TCP (no connection) from 192.168.251.2/4283 to 192.168.253.16/3389 flag FIN PSH ACK Here is a picture if it helps http://dl.dropbox.com/u/4217864/terminal%20server.jpg Thanks for any help

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• Redhat doesn't set my desired hostname on reboot

  - by tomdee

  I have a redhat (EL5) server that I need to change the hostname on. I'm trying to put it back into a known state to help with server provisioning activities. As part of changing the hostname, I'm updating /etc/sysconfig/network and /etc/hosts. I also have an explicit call to hostname. My desired state is that the server thinks its hostname is "localhost". And a call to "hostname" returns "localhost". The problem I'm having is that when I reboot, the hostname is reverted to "localhost.companyname.com" which is not what I want. How do I ensure that the hostname is set up as just "localhost" when I reboot? My /etc/sysconfig/network file contains: NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=localhost GATEWAY=123.123.123.123 #I do have a proper IP address here My /etc/hosts file contains: 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 172.21.1.1 localhost.companyname.com localhost

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• Does sending e-mail in the name of customers increase the risk of being marked as spammer?

  - by Adrian Grigore

  Hi, We are developing a SaaS website application that lets users send invoices to their clients. Ideally, these e-mails should appear to be originating from our customers, so the sender e-mail address domain will not match the reverse IP entry for our server. In effect we would be forging their e-mail address, but of course with their consent. Will that result in a higher probability of being marked as a spammer / their e-mails being marked as spam? If yes, how bad is the penalty? And what about people who have an e-mail address originating form an SPF-enabled domain? I guess it should be the majority of the big e-mail providers.

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• How should I setup separate mx records for a subdomain?

  - by Chris Adams

  Lets say I have a domain that I run a web app on, for example cranketywidgets.com, and I'm using google apps for handle email for people work work on that domain, i.e. support@ cranketywidgets.com, [email protected], [email protected] and so on. Google's own mail services aren't always the best for sending automated reminder emails, comment notifications and so on, so the current solution I plan to pursue is to create a separate subdomain called mailer.cranketywidgets.com, run a mail server off it, and create a few accounts specifically for sending these kinds of emails. What should the mx records and a records look like here for this? I'm somewhat confused by the fact that mx records can be names, but that they must eventually resolve to an A record. What should the records look like here? cranketywidgets.com - A record to actual server like 10.24.233.214 cranketywidgets.com - mx records for google's email apps mailer.cranketywidgets.com - mx name pointing to server's ip address Would greatly appeciate some help on this - the answer seems like it'll be obvious, but email spam is a difficult problem to solve.

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• Multiple URLs on one domain in IIS 6 [closed]

  - by TGnat

  Possible Duplicate: How to Host Multiple Domains / Web Sites on one IIS6 Server I'm a developer and only know the basics of IIS administration. I want to give each of my clients a personalized URL to access my web site. I have mySite.com and I would like to allow client A to acess the site via A.mySite.com and client B to use B.mySite.com. These would all point the the mySite.com domain with the same ip address. Can this be done in IIS? Do I have to register new domains for each client? Are there other ways to accomplish the same thing?

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• How to make a DHCP server on virtual machine serves other virtual machines(on different physical machines)?

  - by Tony

  I'm building a virtual cluster with VirtualBox and Opensuse. I have 10 physical machines and need several vms on each. The virtual machines are supposed to be in a "private" network, but still have internet access. I was asked to set up a virtual head node working as DHCP server. I installed DHCP server on the virtual head node and it seems works. On VirtualBox I set 2 network adapters to the head node, one bridged adapter and one internal network. One vm on the same physical machine has been set nic as internal network adapter. The vm can get IP address (so DHCP works) but can't access internet. What should I do? Specifically, what network adapter should I choose for head-node and work-nodes in VirtualBox? What in the virtual machines should I do?

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• Direct DB to Web Server connection

  - by Joel Coel

  I have a database server sitting right underneath a virtual machine host server in the rack, and this vm host is primarily responsible for servers hosting a couple different web sites and app servers that all talk to databases on the other server. Right now both servers are connected to the same switch, and I'm pretty happy with the pathing. However, both servers also have an unused network port. I wondering about the potential benefits of using a short crossover or normal+auto mdix network cable to connect these two servers together directly. Is this a good idea, or would I be doing something that won't show much benefit and is just likely to trip up a future admin who's not looking for this? The biggest weakness I can see right now is that this would likely require a code change for each vm app to point to the new IP of the database server on this private little network, and if I have a problem with the virtual machine host and have to spin up it's guests elsewhere while I fix it I'll have to change this back before things will work.

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• NIC light is turned off after boot on Redhat 4.6 server

  - by hoffmandirt

  I have a 2950 blade server setup with Red Hat 4.6 installed. I cannot get the NIC to work properly after reinstalling Linux. I activated the NIC, but the NIC light will not turn on when I plug the network cable into the hub. The status light on the hub will not turn on either. If I run ifconfig, the NIC status is UP. Also I can ping the IP address that I assign to the Linux machine, but I can't ping anything else that is plugged into the hub. When I reboot the system, the NIC light will stay on until the system fully boots and then it will turn off again. Is there something else that I need to do to get the NIC working? It appears to be disabled even though ifconfig says that it is UP. Maybe I need to configure something within the blade server (iDRAC)?

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• How to tell Windows 7 to ignore a default gateway

  - by zildjohn01

  I currently have 2 network cards in my PC -- one connected to an internal network on a router with a disconnected WAN port (10.x.x.x), and one connected to the internet through a consumer router (192.168.0.x). Windows seems to recognize them correctly (my "Network and Sharing Center" lists them as "No Internet" and "Internet" respectively), however when I try browsing the internet it always tries the internal network's default gateway, rather than the one with internet access. Trying to ping a website results in "Reply from 10.0.0.1: Destination net unreachable.". A simple "route delete 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.1" fixes the problems, but they return upon reboot, or upon renewing my IP. Is there any way to tell Windows to ignore one NIC's default gateway, or to at least give them priorities?

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