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• Random Pairings that don't Repeat

  - by Andrew Robinson

  This little project / problem came out of left field for me. Hoping someone can help me here. I have some rough ideas but I am sure (or at least I hope) a simple, fairly efficient solution exists. Thanks in advance.... pseudo code is fine. I generally work in .NET / C# if that sheds any light on your solution. Given: A pool of n individuals that will be meeting on a regular basis. I need to form pairs that have not previously meet. The pool of individuals will slowly change over time. For the purposes of pairing, (A & B) and (B & A) constitute the same pair. The history of previous pairings is maintained. For the purpose of the problem, assume an even number of individuals. For each meeting (collection of pairs) and individual will only pair up once. Is there an algorithm that will allow us to form these pairs? Ideally something better than just ordering the pairs in a random order, generating pairings and then checking against the history of previous pairings. In general, randomness within the pairing is ok.

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• Writing catch block with cleanup operations in Java ...

  - by kedarmhaswade

  I was not able to find any advise on catch blocks in Java that involve some cleanup operations which themselves could throw exceptions. The classic example is that of stream.close() which we usually call in the finally clause and if that throws an exception, we either ignore it by calling it in a try-catch block or declare it to be rethrown. But in general, how do I handle cases like: public void doIt() throws ApiException { //ApiException is my "higher level" exception try { doLower(); } catch(Exception le) { doCleanup(); //this throws exception too which I can't communicate to caller throw new ApiException(le); } } I could do: catch(Exception le) { try { doCleanup(); } catch(Exception e) { //ignore? //log? } throw new ApiException(le); //I must throw le } But that means I will have to do some log analysis to understand why cleanup failed. If I did: catch(Exception le) { try { doCleanup(); } catch(Exception e) { throw new ApiException(e); } It results in losing the le that got me here in the catch block in the fist place. What are some of the idioms people use here? Declare the lower level exceptions in throws clause? Ignore the exceptions during cleanup operation?

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• Shape object in Processing, translate individual shapes.

  - by Zain

  I am relatively new to Processing but have been working in Java for about 2 years now. I am facing difficulty though with the translate() function for objects as well as objects in general in processing. I went through the examples and tried to replicate the manners by which they instantiated the objects but cannot seem to even get the shapes to appear on the screen no less move them. I instantiate the objects into an array using a nested for loop and expect a grid of the objects to be rendered. However, nothing at all is rendered. My nested for loop structure to instantiate the tiles: for(int i=0; i<102; i++){ for(int j=0; j<102; j++){ tiles[i][j]=new tile(i,0,j); tiles[i][j].display(); } } And the constructors for the tile class: tile(int x, int y, int z){ this.x=x; this.y=y; this.z=z; beginShape(); vertex(x,y,z); vertex(x+1,y,z); vertex(x+1,y,z-1); vertex(x,y,z-1); endShape(); } Nothing is rendered at all when this runs. Furthermore, if this is of any concern, my translations(movements) are done in a method I wrote for the tile class called move which simply calls translate. Is this the correct way? How should one approach this? I can't seem to understand at all how to render/create/translate individual objects/shapes. Thanks for any help any of you are able to provide!

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• Querying a database using Cocoa.

  - by S1syphus

  Hello everybody. Before I start a disclaimer, I should add a little disclaimer, that I am relatively new to Cocoa development and C in general. However I do have a copy of 'Cocoa Programming for Mac OS X 3rd edition' by Aaron Hillegass, which I am working through and using as a base, if anybody has a copy I am using the 'AmaZone' example on page 346 as a template and base. I trying to develop a small client app that takes a search string then displays results from a database accordingly. The database will contain a: list of files, their location, description & creation date, so for the moment the field number and types will remain the same. After looking around on SO, I saw something like: NSURL *myURL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.myserver.com/results.php"]; NSArray *sqlResults = [[NSArray alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:myURL]; I've worked with php before, so my current thinking after seeing this is create a php script on the server that queries the database, and creates an XML output. And with the XML response, just parse it. Would this be ok? as is there any major pitfalls anybody can see, that I can't. I know there are some database bundles, I've had a look at BaseTen for Postgres, but being relatively new to this, didn't want to get in over my head. Or if anybody else has any other suggestions and ideas, they would be greatly appreciated.

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• Detect TCP connection close when playing Flash video

  - by JoJo

  On the Flash client side, how do I detect when the server purposely closes the TCP connection to its video stream? I'll need to take action when this occurs - maybe attempt to restart the video or display an error message. Currently, the connection closing and the connection being slow look the same to me. The NetStream object ushers a NetStream.Play.Stop event in both cases. When the connection is slow, it usually recovers by itself within seconds. I wish to only take action when the connection is closed, not when it is slow. Here's how my general setup looks like. It's the basic NetConnection-NetStream-Video setup. this.vidConnection = new NetConnection(); this.vidConnection.addEventListener(AsyncErrorEvent.ASYNC_ERROR, this.connectionAsyncError); this.vidConnection.addEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, this.connectionIoError); this.vidConnection.addEventListener(NetStatusEvent.NET_STATUS, this.connectionNetStatus); this.vidConnection.connect(null); this.vidStream = new NetStream(this.vidConnection); this.vidStream.addEventListener(AsyncErrorEvent.ASYNC_ERROR, this.streamAsyncError); this.vidStream.addEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, this.streamIoError); this.vidStream.addEventListener(NetStatusEvent.NET_STATUS, this.streamNetStatus); this.vid.attachNetStream(this.vidStream); None of the error events fire when the server closes the TCP or when the connection freezes up. Only the NetStream.Play.Stop event fires. Here's a trace of what happens from initially playing the video to the TCP connection closing. connection net status = NetConnection.Connect.Success playStream(http://192.168.0.44/flv/4d29104a9aefa) NetStream.Play.Start NetStream.Buffer.Flush NetStream.Buffer.Full NetStream.Buffer.Empty checkDimensions 0 0 onMetaData NetStream.Buffer.Full NetStream.Buffer.Flush checkDimensions 960 544 NetStream.Buffer.Empty NetStream.Buffer.Flush NetStream.Play.Stop

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• Table cell in a split-view controller - selected cell becomes deselected when called by reloadData

  - by bpapa

  I'm working on a universal app that uses a SplitViewController to present a master-detail view. In the iPad HIG on Split Views, Apple states: In general, indicate the current selection in the left pane in a persistent way. This behavior helps people understand the relationship between the item in the left pane and the contents of the right pane. This is important because the contents of the right pane can change, but they should always remain related to the item selected in the left pane. So I'm trying to maintain selection state on the left. Easy enough when the user taps, I just remove the deselectRowAtIndexPath:animated: message from tableView:didSelectRowAtIndexPath: implementation. But, I also want the selection state to show up by default (without a user tap). I wound up putting this in my tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath: implementation: if (UI_USER_INTERFACE_IDIOM() == UIUserInterfaceIdiomPad) { if (cellShouldBeSelected) cell.selected = YES; else cell.selected = NO; } The behavior I'm seeing, is that when the cells finall appear, for a fraction of a section the cell is indeed selected, but then the selection disappears without any user interaction. Any ideas? I set the new clearsSelectionOnViewWillAppear property to NO, but that doesn't seem to fix it, and it shouldn't really matter because I'm marking the cell as selected long after viewWillAppear is called - I'm actually doing it after some network activity and then sending the table view a reloadData message.

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• libav/ffmpeg: avcodec_decode_video2() returns -1 when separating demultiplexing and decoding

  - by unbekannt

  I'm using libav (from a C++ program on Linux and Windows) to decode video streams from a file, which works fine (decoding various formats like H264 and MPEG2) using avformat_open_input(), av_read_frame() and avcodec_decode_video2(). Now I have to separate demultiplexing and decoding. One class will call avformat_open_input() and av_read_frame() and then pass the AVPackets into a queue that is read by another class. There I use avcodec_alloc_context3() to get the AVCodecContext needed for avcodec_decode_video2(). I've tested that with a MPEG2 video stream and it works. Problems arise if I try to decode a H264 stream: avcodec_decode_video2() always returns -1 and outputs "no frame". I understand that additional data (SPS/PPS) is needed to decode this stream, so I've tried to replicate the original AVCodecContext from the demultiplexer in the decoder, but it won't work: Copying the content of the extradata field and setting all other values that differ from the default ones in the decoder: -1 is returned Using the same context (i.e. passing along the pointer) results in a crash I also tried to set CODEC_FLAG2_CHUNKS. avcodec_decode_video2() then always returns packet.size - 3 (??) and frameFinished is never set to 1. In my opinion I have a general problem here that will arise whenever settings from the original CodecContext are needed to decode the AVPackets. I'd be grateful for any hints on how to solve that problem!

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• Bi-directional view model syncing with "live" collections and properties (MVVM)

  - by Schneider

  I am getting my knickers in a twist recently about View Models (VM). Just like this guy I have come to the conclusion that the collections I need to expose on my VM typically contain a different type to the collections exposed on my business objects. Hence there must be a bi-directional mapping or transformation between these two types. (Just to complicate things, on my project this data is "Live" such that as soon as you change a property it gets transmitted to other computers) I can just about cope with that concept, using a framework like Truss, although I suspect there will be a nasty surprise somewhere within. Not only must objects be transformed but a synchronization between these two collections is required. (Just to complicate things I can think of cases where the VM collection might be a subset or union of business object collections, not simply a 1:1 synchronization). I can see how to do a one-way "live" sync, using a replicating ObservableCollection or something like CLINQ. The problem then becomes: What is the best way to create/delete items? Bi-directinal sync does not seem to be on the cards - I have found no such examples, and the only class that supports anything remotely like that is the ListCollectionView. Would bi-directional sync even be a sensible way to add back into the business object collection? All the samples I have seen never seem to tackle anything this "complex". So my question is: How do you solve this? Is there some technique to update the model collections from the VM? What is the best general approach to this?

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• How large a role does subjectiveness play in programming?

  - by Bob

  I often read about the importance of readability and maintainability. Or, I read very strong opinions about which syntax features are bad or good. Or discussions about the values of certain paradigms, like OOP. Aside from that, this same question floats about in my mind whenever I read debates on SO or Meta about subjective questions. Or read questions about best practices and sometimes find myself or others disagreeing. What role does subjectiveness play within the programming realm? Sometimes I think it plays a large role. Software developers are engineers in a way, but also people. A large part of programming is dealing with code that's human readable. This is very different from Math or Physics or other disciplines with very exact and structured rules. Here the exact structure and rules are largely up in the air, changeable on a whim, and hence the amount of languages in existence. And one person may find one language very readable, and another person may find their own language the most comforting. The same with practices. One person may not like certain accepted practices. I myself find splitting classes into different files very unreadable, for instance. But, I can't say rules haven't helped in general. Certain practices have and do make life easier. And new languages have given rise to syntax and structure that make life easier. There's certainly been a progression towards code that is easier to read and maintain even given a largely diverse group of people. So maybe these things aren't as subjective as I thought. It reminds me, in a way, of UI design. Certainly it's subjective, but then there's an entire discipline involved in crafting good UI and it tends to work. Is there something non-subjective about the ideas behind maintainability, readability, and other best practices? Is there something tangible to grasp when one develops a new language or thinks of new practices?

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• Windows Workflow Foundation: Recommendations how to design architecture

  - by Petr Felzmann

  We are running several the same ASP.NET applications (one per customer) based on our custom framework (libraries). Each application use its own database (Initial Catalog in the term of connection string). Now we would like to add workflow capability (of course 4.0 ;) to the applications. So the particular workflows will be the same for all the applications only some initial settings of each workflow can vary, e.g. in one application the e-mail will be send to the user X, but in other application to the user Y. I have several general questions how to design architecture: (1) Can be the workflow database shared for all the applications? (2) Where to host workflow engine - inside our custom windows NT service or inside IIS? What are the criteria to choose the right host? (3) How the workflow engine should communicate with applications? Should application call some WCF endpoint API configured in workflow host or vice verse - should each application provide WCF endpoint API and workflow engine will call it? How then the workflow engine will identify applications? Both cases requires probably some application identifier as a parameter in API calls? (4) We would like to also store some information to the application databases based on the workflow states. Is it possible? Thanks for suggestions!

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• Choosing between .NET Service Bus Queues vs Azure Queue Service

  - by ChrisV

  Just a quick question regarding an Azure application. If I have a number of Web and Worker roles that need to communicate, documentation says to use the Azure Queue Service. However, I've just read that the new .NET Service Bus now also offers queues. These look to be more powerful as they appear to offer a much more detailed API. Whilst the .NSB looks more interesting it has a couple of issues that make me wary of using it in distributed application. (for example, Queue Expiration... if I cannot guarantee that a queue will be renewed on time I may lose it all!). Has anyone had any experience using either of these two technologies and could give any advice on when to choose one over the other. I suspect that whilst the service bus looks more powerful, as my use case is really just enabling Web/Worker roles to communicate between each other, that the Azure Queue Service is what I'm after. But I'm just really looking for confirmation of that before progamming myself in to a corner :-) Thanks in advance. UPDATE Have read up about the two systems over the break. It defo looks like .NET service bus is more specifically designed for integrating systems rather than providing a general purpose reliable messaging system. Azure Queues are distributed and so reliable and scalable in a way that .NSB queues are not and so more suitable for code hosted within Azure itself. Thanks for the responses.

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• Escape Quote in C# for javascript consumption

  - by Jason

  I have a ASP.Net web handler that returns results of a query in JSON format public static String dt2JSON(DataTable dt) { String s = "{\"rows\":["; if (dt.Rows.Count > 0) { foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows) { s += "{"; for (int i = 0; i < dr.Table.Columns.Count; i++) { s += "\"" + dr.Table.Columns[i].ToString() + "\":\"" + dr[i].ToString() + "\","; } s = s.Remove(s.Length - 1, 1); s += "},"; } s = s.Remove(s.Length - 1, 1); } s += "]}"; return s; } The problem is that sometimes the data returned has quotes in it and I would need to javascript-escape these so that it can be properly created into a js object. I need a way to find quotes in my data (quotes aren't there every time) and place a "/" character in front of them. Example response text (wrong): {"rows":[{"id":"ABC123","length":"5""}, {"id":"DEF456","length":"1.35""}, {"id":"HIJ789","length":"36.25""}]} I would need to escape the " so my response should be: {"rows":[{"id":"ABC123","length":"5\""}, {"id":"DEF456","length":"1.35\""}, {"id":"HIJ789","length":"36.25\""}]} Also, I'm pretty new to C# (coding in general really) so if something else in my code looks silly let me know.

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• How to store a list in a column of a database table.

  - by John Berryman

  Howdy! So, per Mehrdad's answer to a related question, I get it that a "proper" database table column doesn't store a list. Rather, you should create another table that effectively holds the elements of said list and then link to it directly or through a junction table. However, the type of list I want to create will be composed of unique items (unlike the linked question's fruit example). Furthermore, the items in my list are explicitly sorted - which means that if I stored the elements in another table, I'd have to sort them every time I accessed them. Finally, the list is basically atomic in that any time I wish to access the list, I will want to access the entire list rather than just a piece of it - so it seems silly to have to issue a database query to gather together pieces of the list. AKX's solution (linked above) is to serialize the list and store it in a binary column. But this also seems inconvenient because it means that I have to worry about serialization and deserialization. Is there any better solution? If there is no better solution, then why? It seems that this problem should come up from time to time. ... just a little more info to let you know where I'm coming from. As soon as I had just begun understanding SQL and databases in general, I was turned on to LINQ to SQL, and so now I'm a little spoiled because I expect to deal with my programming object model without having to think about how the objects are queried or stored in the database. Thanks All! John

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• C++ : Avoid lot of boolean variable for multiple verification conditions in trading app

  - by Naveen

  Hi i am a junior dev in trading app... we have a order refresh verification unit. It has to verify order confirmation from exchange. We send a bunch of different request in bulk ( NEW, MODIFY, CANCEL ) to exchange... Verification has to happen for max N times with each T intervals for all orders. if verification successful for all the order before N retry then fine.. otherwise we need to indicate as verification unsuccessfull. i hv done a basic coding done in very urgent like below for( N times ) { for_each ( sent_request_order ) // SENT { 1) get all the refreshed order from DB or shared mem i.e REFRESHED 2) find current sent order in REFRESHED if( not_found ) not refreshed from exchange, continue to next order if( found ) case NEW : //check for new status, mark verification done case MODIFY : //check for modified status.. //if not mark pending, go to next order, //revisit the same after T time case CANCEL : //check for cancelled status.. //if not mark pending, go to next order, //revisit the same after T time } if( all_verified ) exit from verification. wait ( T sec ) } order_verification_pending, order_verification_done, order_visited, order_not_visited, all_verified, all_not_verified ... lot of boolean flags used for indication.. is there any better approach for doing this.... splitting responsibilities across the classes......???? i know this is not a general question.... but still flags are making me tidious to handle...

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• Minimum cost strongly connected digraph

  - by Kazoom

  I have a digraph which is strongly connected (i.e. there is a path from i to j and j to i for each pair of nodes (i, j) in the graph G). I wish to find a strongly connected graph out of this graph such that the sum of all edges is the least. To put it differently, I need to get rid of edges in such a way that after removing them, the graph will still be strongly connected and of least cost for the sum of edges. I think it's an NP hard problem. I'm looking for an optimal solution, not approximation, for a small set of data like 20 nodes. Edit A more general description: Given a grap G(V,E) find a graph G'(V,E') such that if there exists a path from v1 to v2 in G than there also exists a path between v1 and v2 in G' and sum of each ei in E' is the least possible. so its similar to finding a minimum equivalent graph, only here we want to minimize the sum of edge weights rather than sum of edges. Edit: My approach so far: I thought of solving it using TSP with multiple visits, but it is not correct. My goal here is to cover each city but using a minimum cost path. So, it's more like the cover set problem, I guess, but I'm not exactly sure. I'm required to cover each and every city using paths whose total cost is minimum, so visiting already visited paths multiple times does not add to the cost.

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• XML problem in the basic menu example

  - by arakn0

  Hi there, I am trying to create an app with some menus, an I am following the basic example available in the official android site: http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/menus.html My problems appear when I define the menu in the XML. After creating the folder res/menu and creating the menu_option.xml file from eclipse.... The project (in general) gives an error that can be read from the Problems tab: Unparsed aapt error(s)! Check the console for output Android Packaging Problem So, changing to the Console tab to get more information about the problem, this can be read: [2010-06-02 11:35:54 - TestAudio] Error in an XML file: aborting build. [2010-06-02 11:35:54 - TestAudio] W/ResourceType(11566): Bad XML block: header size 63327 or total size -144759824 is larger than data size 0 [2010-06-02 11:35:54 - TestAudio] /home/User/workspace/TestAudio/res/menu/options_menu.xml:1: error: Error parsing XML: no element found The strange thing is that eclipse recognizes the menu items that I've defined in the XML,I can reference them in the code with no problems and my main activity builds. (and the rest of the files too). Could it be that when eclipse creates a file, for some reason, the Android SDK has problems to read it, or something similar?? The XML code is exactly the same as the one in the example, so I don't really know what is happening. The code in options_menu.xml is this: <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" <item android:id="@+id/new_game" android:title="New Game" / <item android:id="@+id/quit" android:title="Quit" / </menu Thanks in advance for your help!

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• Customizing orchard theme parts

  - by madcapnmckay

  Hi, I am trying to write a custom theme for orchard and am not having much success so far. I have read Bertrand Le Roy's article on part alternates but I can't seem to get it to work. I am displaying a list of recent blog posts on the front page, pretty standard. I wish to change the markup produced by the meta data part i.e the time format. I have written a IShapeTableProvider to create blog specific alternates for the metadata summary part. public class MetaDataShapeProvider : IShapeTableProvider { private readonly IWorkContextAccessor workContextAccessor; public MetaDataShapeProvider(IWorkContextAccessor workContextAccessor) { this.workContextAccessor = workContextAccessor; } public void Discover(ShapeTableBuilder builder) { builder .Describe("Parts_Common_Metadata_Summary") .OnDisplaying(displaying => { ContentItem contentItem = displaying.Shape.ContentItem; if (contentItem != null) displaying.ShapeMetadata.Alternates.Add("Metadata__" + contentItem.ContentType); }); } } This is being caught correctly but the contentItem is null. Should I just create an alternate with a fixed name like "Metadata-BlogPost" and use that, to make this general purpose it should really be a dynamic name so I can use another alternate template elsewhere. Thanks, Ian

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• Multi-level shop, xml or sql. best practice?

  - by danrichardson

  Hello, i have a general "best practice" question regarding building a multi-level shop, which i hope doesn't get marked down/deleted as i personally think it's quite a good "subjective" question. I am a developer in charge (in most part) of maintaining and evolving a cms system and associated front-end functionality. Over the past half year i have developed a multiple level shop system so that an infinite level of categories may exist down into a product level and all works fine. However over the last week or so i have questioned by own methods in front-end development and the best way to show the multi-level data structure. I currently use a sql server database (2000) and pull out all the shop levels and then process them into an enumerable typed list with child enumerable typed lists, so that all levels are sorted. This in my head seems quite process heavy, but we're not talking about thousands of rows, generally only 1-500 rows maybe. I have been toying with the idea recently of storing the structure in an XML document (as well as the database) and then sending last modified headers when serving/requesting the document for, which would then be processed as/when nessecary with an xsl(t) document - which would be processed server side. This is quite a handy, reusable method of storing the data but does it have more overheads in the fact im opening and closing files? And also the xml will require a bit of processing to pull out blocks of xml if for instance i wanted to show two level mid way through the tree for a side menu. I use the above method for sitemap purposes so there is currently already code i have built which does what i require, but unsure what the best process is to go about. Maybe a hybrid method which pulls out the data, sorts it and then makes an xml document/stream (XDocument/XmlDocument) for xsl processing is a good way? - This is the way i currently make the cms work for the shop. So really (and thanks for sticking with me on this), i am just wandering which methods other people use or recommend as being the best/most logical way of doing things. Thanks Dan

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• Help getting MVVM ViewModel to bind to the View

  - by cw

  Okay guys, I'm new to this model and Silverlight in general. I have the following code (changed object names, so syntax/spelling errors ignore). public class ViewModel { ViewModelSource m_vSource; public ViewModel(IViewModelSource source) { m_vSource= source; m_vSource.ItemArrived += new Action<Item>(m_vSource_ItemArrived); } void m_vSource_ItemArrived(Item obj) { Title = obj.Title; Subitems = obj.items; Description = obj.Description; } public void GetFeed(string serviceUrl) { m_vFeedSource.GetFeed(serviceUrl); } public string Title { get; set; } public IEnumerable<Subitems> Subitems { get; set; } public string Description { get; set; } } Here is the code I have in my page's codebehind. ViewModel m_vViewModel; public MainPage() { InitializeComponent(); m_vViewModel = new ViewModel(new ViewModelSource()); this.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(MainPage_Loaded); this.DataContext = m_vViewModel; } void MainPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { m_vViewModel.GetItems("http://www.myserviceurl.com"); } Finally, here is a sample of what my xaml looks like. <!--TitleGrid is the name of the application and page title--> <Grid x:Name="TitleGrid" Grid.Row="0"> <TextBlock Text="My Super Title" x:Name="textBlockPageTitle" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextPageTitle1Style}"/> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Title}" x:Name="textBlockListTitle" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextPageTitle2Style}"/> </Grid> I know I'm missing something, but I'm just not knowledgable enough which is why I'm asking you guys :) Is there anything I'm doing wrong here? Thanks!

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• int considered harmful?

  - by Chris Becke

  Working on code meant to be portable between Win32 and Win64 and Cocoa, I am really struggling to get to grips with what the @#$% the various standards committees involved over the past decades were thinking when they first came up with, and then perpetuated, the crime against humanity that is the C native typeset - char, short, int and long. On the one hand, as a old-school c++ programmer, there are few statements that were as elegant and/or as simple as for(int i=0; i<some_max; i++) but now, it seems that, in the general case, this code can never be correct. Oh sure, given a particular version of MSVC or GCC, with specific targets, the size of 'int' can be safely assumed. But, in the case of writing very generic c/c++ code that might one day be used on 16 bit hardware, or 128, or just be exposed to a particularly weirdly setup 32/64 bit compiler, how does use int in c++ code in a way that the resulting program would have predictable behavior in any and all possible c++ compilers that implemented c++ according to spec. To resolve these unpredictabilities, C99 and C++98 introduced size_t, uintptr_t, ptrdiff_t, int8_t, int16_t, int32_t, int16_t and so on. Which leaves me thinking that a raw int, anywhere in pure c++ code, should really be considered harmful, as there is some (completely c++xx conforming) compiler, thats going to produce an unexpected or incorrect result with it. (and probably be a attack vector as well)

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• Properties vs. Fields: Need help grasping the uses of Properties over Fields.

  - by pghtech

  First off, I have read through a list of postings on this topic and I don't feel I have grasped properties because of what I had come to understand about encapsulation and field modifiers (private, public..ect). One of the main aspects of C# that I have come to learn is the importance of data protection within your code by the use of encapsulation. I 'thought' I understood that to be because of the ability of the use of the modifiers (private, public, internal, protected). However, after learning about properties I am sort of torn in understanding not only properties uses, but the overall importance/ability of data protection (what I understood as encapsulation) within C#. To be more specific, everything I have read when I got to properties in C# is that you should try to use them in place of fields when you can because of: 1) they allow you to change the data type when you can't when directly accessing the field directly. 2) they add a level of protection to data access However, from what I 'thought' I had come to know about the use of field modifiers did #2, it seemed to me that properties just generated additional code unless you had some reason to change the type (#1) - because you are (more or less) creating hidden methods to access fields as opposed to directly. Then there is the whole modifiers being able to be added to Properties which further complicates my understanding for the need of properties to access data. I have read a number of chapters from different writers on "properties" and none have really explained a good understanding of properties vs. fields vs. encapsulation (and good programming methods). Can someone explain: 1) why I would want to use properties instead of fields (especially when it appears I am just adding additional code 2) any tips on recognizing the use of properties and not seeing them as simply methods (with the exception of the get;set being apparent) when tracing other peoples code? 3) Any general rules of thumb when it comes to good programming methods in relation to when to use what? Thanks and sorry for the long post - I didn't want to just ask a question that has been asked 100x without explaining why I am asking it again.

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• Design Pattern for error handling in ASP.NET 3.5 site

  - by Kevin

  I am relatively new to ASP.NET programming, and web programming in general. We have a site we recently ported from .NET 1.1 to 3.5. Currently we have two methods of error handling: either catching the error during data load on a page and displaying the formatted error in a label on the page, or redirecting to a generic error page. Both of these are somewhat annoying, as right now I'm trying to redesign how our errors are displayed. We are soon moving to Master pages, and I'm wondering if there is a way to "build in" an error handling control. What I mean by this is using a ASP.NET user control I've designed that simply gets passed the error string returned from the server. If an error occurs, the page would not display the content, and instead display the error control. This provides us with the ability to retain the current banner/navigation during an error (which we don't get with the generic error page), as well as keeping me from having to add the control to every aspx page we have (which I have to do with using the label-per-page system). Does something like this make sense? Ultimately I just want to have the error control added to a single page, and all other pages have access to it directly. Is this something Master pages help with? Thanks!

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• Appropriate wx.Sizer(s) for the job?

  - by MetaHyperBolic

  I have a space in which I would like certain elements (represented here by A, B, D, and G) to each be in its own "corner" of the design. The corners ought to line up as if each of the four elements was repelling the other; a rectangle. This is to be contained within an unresizable panel. I will have several similar panels and want to keep the location of the elements as identical as possible. (I needed something a little more complex than a wx.Wizard, but with the same general idea.) AAAAAAAAAA BB CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DDD EEE FFF GGG A represents a text in a large font. B represents a numeric progress meter (e.g. "1 of 7") in a small font. C represents a large block of text. D, E, F, and G are buttons. The G button is separated from others for functionality. I have attempted nested wx.BoxSizers (horizontal boxes inside of one vertical box) without luck. My first problem with wx.BoxSizer is that the .SetMinSize on my last row has not been honored. The second problem is that I have no idea how to make the G button "take up space" without growing comically large, or how I can jam it up against the right edge and bottom edge. I have tried to use a wx.GridBagSizer, but ran into entirely different issues. After plowing through the various online tutorials and wxPython in Action, I'm a little frustrated. The relevant forums appear to see activity once every two weeks. "Playing around with it" has gotten me nowhere; I feel as if I am trying to smooth out a hump in ill-laid carpet.

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• error detection/correction/recovery in serial protocols

  - by Jason S

  I have some designing to do for a serial protocol and am running into some questions that I figure must have been considered elsewhere. So I'm wondering if there are some recommendations for best practices in designing serial protocols. (Please either state a fact that is easily verifiable, or cite a reputable source if you make a claim.) General recommendations for websites/books are also welcome. In particular I have to deal with issues like parsing a stream of bytes into packets verifying a packet is correct (easy with a CRC, for instance) identifying reasonable types of errors that can occur (e.g. in a point-to-point serial stream, sporadic single bit errors, and dropped series of bytes, are both likely, but extra phantom bytes are unlikely; whereas with a record stored in flash memory or on a disk drive the types of errors that predominate are different) error correction or recovery (if I detect an error in a packet, can I correct it? If not, can I resync to the boundary of the next packet?) how to make variable-length packets robust to error correction / recovery. Any suggestions?

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• Alternate widgets and logic for ManyToManyField with Django forms

  - by Jaearess

  In my Django project, I have a simple ticket system. When creating a ticket, certain users have the ability to assign the ticket to other users, and to email the ticket to other users as well (this is used as an FYI for those users, so they're aware of the ticket, even though it's not assigned to them.) At the moment, the form for adding a ticket is simply the default Django form, with the "assigned_to" and "email_to" fields being ManyToManyFields, and therefore displayed as MultipleSelect widgets, each with a list of all users. Due to the relatively large number of users, and general awkwardness of the MultipleSelect widget, and alternate layout is now required. The desired layout is a pair of simple Select widgets side-by-side. The first has the option of "Assign to" or "Email to" and the second is a list of the users. Essentially, like this: [Assign to] [John Doe] [Email to] [Jane Roe] [Jack Smith], etc. Of course, since an arbitrary number of users can be assigned or emailed a ticket, there's a simple button that runs some Javascript to add another set of widgets, to allow the user to assign and email as many people as they need to. So far all of that is fairly simple and straight forward. However, the problem I have is using this widget setup/logic setup with Django forms. Instead of lists of users to assign to and email, instead we're getting back pairs of information, one a user and the other which list that user should be placed in. What I'm looking for, but have yet to find, is a way to offload the translation between how the user uses the form, and how Django understands the model to the form itself, so I don't have to manually do the processing of the data before passing it to the form in each place this form is used. Additionally, there's a review screen with the option to go back and change the form before submitting it, so a way to have the form translate both to and from this format would be extremely helpful.

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