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• Should pathfinder in A* hold closedSet and openedSet or each object should hold its sets?

  - by Patryk

  I am about to implement A* pathfinding algorithm and I wonder how should I implement this - from the point of view of architecture. I have the pathfinder as a class - I think I will instantiate only one object of this class (or maybe make it a Singleton - this is not so important). The hardest part for me is whether the closedSet and openedSet should be attached to objects that can find the path for them or should be stored in pathfinder class ? I am opened to any hints and critique whatsoever. What is the best practice considering pathfinding in terms of design ?

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• How to Best Optimize up Model Transforms, Import 3DS Animations Into XNA 4.0?

  - by Jason R. Mick

  Relative beginner to XNA, but trying to build a multi-purpose (3D) game frameworking in XNA 4. Been using the Reed (O'Reilly) and Cawood/McGee (McGraw Hill) guides. My question is multi-faceted and involves how to most efficiently handle models. I'm using 3DS Max 2010 with kw-Xport to ship out my models as .X files. Solved an early problem by using my depth stencil state. My models are now loading properly (yay!) and I have basic bounding working, I just want to optimize transforming models and get animations working as a next step. My questions on models are: 1. Do you have any suggestions for good resources on exporting 3DS animations to XNA? I've seen some resources on how to handle animations in XNA, but most skimp on basic topics of how to convert multi-animation 3DS files. For example how do I take one big long string of keyframed animations (say running, frame 5-20, climbing frames 25-45, etc.) and turned them into named XNA animations. To my understanding every XNA animation has to have a name, but I haven't seen any tutorials on creating a new named animation from a subset of frames. 2. Is it faster to load a model once and animate/transform that base model on the fly @ draw time, or to load multiple models? My game will have multiple enemies, and I've already seen some lagginess in XNA, so II want to make my code efficient... 3. I've heard people on app hub talking about making custom content processors for models-- what is the benefit of this? Does it speed up transforming or animating the models? If so, can you point me towards any good (model-centric) tutorials? (I've built a custom height map content processor to generate terrain, following Cawood's examples, I'm just a bit confused as to how a model content processor would be implemented.)

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• Unity Android: Truecolor texture performance hit and alternatives for truecolor

  - by Esa

  After integrating the graphics assets to my application, I noticed that when the textures are compressed they look very bad compared to truecolor. This happens to all the textures and it did not seem to help changing the texture type to GUI nor did it help to switch the 32-bit display buffering on. Does using truecolor textures make the application much heavier to run? Or does it just increase the size of the .APK? Are there alternatives to getting a good texture quality and a smaller texture size instead of using truecolor?

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• Can frequent state changes decrease rendering performance?

  - by Miro

  Can frequent texture and shader binding decrease rendering performance? "Frequent" binding example: for object for material in object render part of object using that material "Low count" binding example: for material for object in material render part of object using that material I'm planning to use an octree later and with this "low count" method of rendering it can drastically increase memory consumption. So is it good idea?

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• Adding new events to be handled by script part without recompilation of c++ source code

  - by paul424

  As in title I want to write an Event system with handling methods written in external script language, that is Angelscript. The AS methods would have acess to game's world modifing API ( which has to be regsitered for Angelscript Machine as the game starts) . I have come to this problem : if we use the Angelsript for rapid prototyping of the game's world behavior , we would like to be able to define new Event Types, without recompiling the main binary. Is that ever possible , don't stick to Angelscript, I think about any possible scripting language. The main thought is this : If there's some really new Event possible to be constructed , we must monitor some information coming from the binary, for example some variable value changing and the Events are just triggered on some conditions on those changes , wer might be monitoring the Creatures HP, by having a function call on each change, there we could define new Events such as Creature hurt, creature killed, creature healed , creature killed and tormented to pieces ( like geting HP very much below 0 ) . Are there any other ideas of constructing new Events at the scripting side ?

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• Convert vector interpolation to quaternion interpolation? (Catmull-Rom)

  - by edA-qa mort-ora-y

  I have some existing code which does catmull-rom interpolation on two vectors (facing and up). I'm converting this to use quaternions instead (to replace the two vectors). Is there a general way to convert the vector based interpolation to a quaternion one? The approach I'm using now is to exact the axis and angle from the quanternion. I then interpolate each of those independently and convert back to a quaternion. Is there a more direct method?

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• XNA: Rotating Bones

  - by MLM

  XNA 4.0 I am trying to learn how to rotate bones on a very simple tank model I made in Cinema 4D. It is rigged by 3 bones, Root - Main - Turret - Barrel I have binded all of the objects to the bones so that all translations/rotations work as planned in C4D. I exported it as .fbx I based my test project after: http://create.msdn.com/en-US/education/catalog/sample/simple_animation I can build successfully with no errors but all the rotations I try to do to my bones have no effect. I can transform my Root successfully using below but the bone transforms have no effect: myModel.Root.Transform = world; Matrix turretRotation = Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(37)); Matrix barrelRotation = Matrix.CreateRotationX(barrelRotationValue); MainBone.Transform = MainTransform; TurretBone.Transform = turretRotation * TurretTransform; BarrelBone.Transform = barrelRotation * BarrelTransform; I am wondering if my model is just not right or something important I am missing in the code. Here is my Game1.cs using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; namespace ModelTesting { /// <summary> /// This is the main type for your game /// </summary> public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; float aspectRatio; Tank myModel; public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to perform any initialization it needs to before starting to run. /// This is where it can query for any required services and load any non-graphic /// related content. Calling base.Initialize will enumerate through any components /// and initialize them as well. /// </summary> protected override void Initialize() { // TODO: Add your initialization logic here myModel = new Tank(); base.Initialize(); } /// <summary> /// LoadContent will be called once per game and is the place to load /// all of your content. /// </summary> protected override void LoadContent() { // Create a new SpriteBatch, which can be used to draw textures. spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); // TODO: use this.Content to load your game content here myModel.Load(Content); aspectRatio = graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.AspectRatio; } /// <summary> /// UnloadContent will be called once per game and is the place to unload /// all content. /// </summary> protected override void UnloadContent() { // TODO: Unload any non ContentManager content here } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to run logic such as updating the world, /// checking for collisions, gathering input, and playing audio. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Allows the game to exit if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); // TODO: Add your update logic here float time = (float)gameTime.TotalGameTime.TotalSeconds; // Move the pieces /* myModel.TurretRotation = (float)Math.Sin(time * 0.333f) * 1.25f; myModel.BarrelRotation = (float)Math.Sin(time * 0.25f) * 0.333f - 0.333f; */ base.Update(gameTime); } /// <summary> /// This is called when the game should draw itself. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); // Calculate the camera matrices. float time = (float)gameTime.TotalGameTime.TotalSeconds; Matrix rotation = Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(45)); Matrix view = Matrix.CreateLookAt(new Vector3(2000, 500, 0), new Vector3(0, 150, 0), Vector3.Up); Matrix projection = Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView(MathHelper.PiOver4, graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.AspectRatio, 10, 10000); // TODO: Add your drawing code here myModel.Draw(rotation, view, projection); base.Draw(gameTime); } } } And here is my tank class: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; namespace ModelTesting { public class Tank { Model myModel; // Array holding all the bone transform matrices for the entire model. // We could just allocate this locally inside the Draw method, but it // is more efficient to reuse a single array, as this avoids creating // unnecessary garbage. public Matrix[] boneTransforms; // Shortcut references to the bones that we are going to animate. // We could just look these up inside the Draw method, but it is more // efficient to do the lookups while loading and cache the results. ModelBone MainBone; ModelBone TurretBone; ModelBone BarrelBone; // Store the original transform matrix for each animating bone. Matrix MainTransform; Matrix TurretTransform; Matrix BarrelTransform; // current animation positions float turretRotationValue; float barrelRotationValue; /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the turret rotation amount. /// </summary> public float TurretRotation { get { return turretRotationValue; } set { turretRotationValue = value; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the barrel rotation amount. /// </summary> public float BarrelRotation { get { return barrelRotationValue; } set { barrelRotationValue = value; } } /// <summary> /// Load the model /// </summary> public void Load(ContentManager Content) { // TODO: use this.Content to load your game content here myModel = Content.Load<Model>("Models\\simple_tank02"); MainBone = myModel.Bones["Main"]; TurretBone = myModel.Bones["Turret"]; BarrelBone = myModel.Bones["Barrel"]; MainTransform = MainBone.Transform; TurretTransform = TurretBone.Transform; BarrelTransform = BarrelBone.Transform; // Allocate the transform matrix array. boneTransforms = new Matrix[myModel.Bones.Count]; } public void Draw(Matrix world, Matrix view, Matrix projection) { myModel.Root.Transform = world; Matrix turretRotation = Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(37)); Matrix barrelRotation = Matrix.CreateRotationX(barrelRotationValue); MainBone.Transform = MainTransform; TurretBone.Transform = turretRotation * TurretTransform; BarrelBone.Transform = barrelRotation * BarrelTransform; myModel.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(boneTransforms); // Draw the model, a model can have multiple meshes, so loop foreach (ModelMesh mesh in myModel.Meshes) { // This is where the mesh orientation is set foreach (BasicEffect effect in mesh.Effects) { effect.World = boneTransforms[mesh.ParentBone.Index]; effect.View = view; effect.Projection = projection; effect.EnableDefaultLighting(); } // Draw the mesh, will use the effects set above mesh.Draw(); } } } }

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• How to control in the vertex shader where pixel ends up in the renderTarget?

  - by cubrman

  What if I have an arbitrary renderTarget, that is smaller than the screen (say it is 1x1 pixel) and I want to make sure in the VertexShaderFunction that all my pixels end up exactly in that 1 pixel region? No matter what I do, they all seem to get culled at some point, though GraphicDevise.Clear() works OK. Where is the top left corner of the renderTarget Vertex-shader-vise? I tried output.Position = (0,0,0,0)/(0,0,0,1)/(1,1,1,1)/(-0.5,0.5,0,1) NOTHING works! Fullscreen quad is not an option 'cause I actually need to process geometry in the shaders to get the results I need.

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• Recommended method for XML level loading in XNA

  - by David Saltares Márquez

  I want to use Blender as my level designer tool for an XNA game. Using an existing plugin, I can export my levels to DotScene format which is basically an xml file like this one: <scene formatVersion="1.0.0"> <nodes> <node name="scene-staircase.001"> <position x="10.500000" y="1.400000" z="-9.600000"/> <quaternion x="0.000000" y="0.000000" z="-0.000000" w="1.000000"/> <scale x="1.000000" y="1.000000" z="1.000000"/> <entity name="scene-staircase.001" meshFile="staircase.mesh"/> </node> <node name="Lamp.003"> <position x="11.024290" y="5.903862" z="9.658987"/> <quaternion x="-0.284166" y="0.726942" z="0.342034" w="0.523275"/> <scale x="1.000000" y="1.000000" z="1.000000"/> <light name="Spot.003" type="point"> <colourDiffuse r="0.400000" g="0.154618" b="0.145180"/> <colourSpecular r="0.400000" g="0.154618" b="0.145180"/> <lightAttenuation range="5000.0" constant="1.000000" linear="0.033333" quadratic="0.000000"/> </light> </node> ... </nodes> </scene> Using naming conventions I could easily parse the file and load the correspondent in game content. I am new to XNA and I have seen that there are several methods to load XML files into a game like serializing and deserializing. Which one would you recommend?

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• 3DS Max 2012 OBJ file import missing polygons

  - by Vit

  I started learning OpenGL. I got to a point I want to import some "real" objects. After "Googling" I decided I will go with OBJ file for start, since it is simple to understand, and there are plenty of tutorials on how to read them properly. I have from university access to 3DS Max 2012. So I tried to create very simple model (just deformated cube) and exporting it using OBJ file, just to vertices and triangles for the moment, without textures, so I can examine its structure by myself. But if I imported it right back to 3DS from OBJ file, now it renders somewhat strange, like its smoothen, and with lightsource, even I have none in scene. But the geometry, its wireframe is intact. So I thought maybe it is problem of exporting only vertices and triangles so I downloaded Enterprise-D model from internet, exported with everything on (normals, textures everything), and again imported it. Now, some polygons are missing. So, I want to ask, am I doing something terribly wrong, or is there some incompatibility issue between .max and .obj file ? Even it is only simple textured model without any lightsources, animation etc.? Thanks. Edit: I tried objects with MeshLab, the first, deformated cube was absolutelly OK. But still bothers me that 3DS Max doesen´t render it properly. In Enterprise-D model, there are polygons missing even in MeshLab. I uploaded rar archive with .max model of Enterprise, same .obj model exported from 3DS, and obj model of deformated cube. Download here (2.5 MB, filesonic).

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• Slick 2D first trial error

  - by pringlesinn

  I followed some advices to learn Slick2D and when I started doing the "SimpleGame" I got my first error. Does anyone have any idea of what is it and how to fix? Sun Dec 26 23:09:12 GMT-03:00 2010 INFO:Slick Build #274 Sun Dec 26 23:09:12 GMT-03:00 2010 INFO:LWJGL Version: 2.0b1 Sun Dec 26 23:09:12 GMT-03:00 2010 INFO:OriginalDisplayMode: 1024 x 768 x 16 @60Hz Sun Dec 26 23:09:12 GMT-03:00 2010 INFO:TargetDisplayMode: 800 x 600 x 0 @0Hz Sun Dec 26 23:09:12 GMT-03:00 2010 ERROR:Could not find a valid pixel format org.lwjgl.LWJGLException: Could not find a valid pixel format at org.lwjgl.opengl.WindowsPeerInfo.nChoosePixelFormat(Native Method) at org.lwjgl.opengl.WindowsPeerInfo.choosePixelFormat(WindowsPeerInfo.java:52) at org.lwjgl.opengl.WindowsDisplayPeerInfo.initDC(WindowsDisplayPeerInfo.java:54) at org.lwjgl.opengl.WindowsDisplay.createWindow(WindowsDisplay.java:158) at org.lwjgl.opengl.Display.createWindow(Display.java:299) at org.lwjgl.opengl.Display.create(Display.java:848) at org.lwjgl.opengl.Display.create(Display.java:800) at org.newdawn.slick.AppGameContainer.tryCreateDisplay(AppGameContainer.java:299) at org.newdawn.slick.AppGameContainer.access$000(AppGameContainer.java:34) at org.newdawn.slick.AppGameContainer$2.run(AppGameContainer.java:364) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at org.newdawn.slick.AppGameContainer.setup(AppGameContainer.java:345) at org.newdawn.slick.AppGameContainer.start(AppGameContainer.java:314) at SimpleGame.main(SimpleGame.java:38) Exception in thread "main" org.newdawn.slick.SlickException: Failed to initialise the LWJGL display at org.newdawn.slick.AppGameContainer.setup(AppGameContainer.java:375) at org.newdawn.slick.AppGameContainer.start(AppGameContainer.java:314) at SimpleGame.main(SimpleGame.java:38)

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• Beat detection, weird detection

  - by Quincy

  I made this soundanalyzer class to detect beats in songs : // put it on pastebin for the big size, will put it here if people rather want that. pastebin.com/8PdgZPP3 but for some reason its only detecting beats from 637 sec to around 641(sec) and I have no idea why. I know the beats are being inserted from multiple bands since I am finding duplicates and it seems as its assigning a beat to each instant energy value in between those values. Its modeled after this : http://www.flipcode.com/misc/BeatDetectionAlgorithms.pdf So why won't the beats properly register ?

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• Exporting the frames in a Flash CS5.5 animation and possibly creating the spritesheet

  - by Adam Smith

  Some time ago, I asked a question here to know what would be the best way to create animations when making an Android game and I got great answers. I did what people told me there by exporting each frame from a Flash animation manually and creating the spritesheet also manually and it was very tedious. Now, I changed project and this one is going to contain a lot more animations and I feel like there has to be a better way to to export each frame individually and possibly create my spritesheets in an automated manner. My designer is using Flash CS5.5 and I was wondering if all of this was possible, as I can't find an option or code examples on how to save each frame individually. If this is not possible using Flash, please recommend me another program that can be used to create animations without having to create each frame on its own. I'd rather keep Flash as my designer knows how to use it and it's giving great results.

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• How to solve exception_priv _instruction exception while running destop project? [on hold]

  - by Haritha

  While running desktop project im getting exception_priv _instruction how to solve this??? while running this page is coming # # A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment: # # EXCEPTION_PRIV_INSTRUCTION (0xc0000096) at pc=0x02f5a92b, pid=3012, tid=3104 # # JRE version: 7.0-b147 # Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (21.0-b17 mixed mode, sharing windows-x86 ) # Problematic frame: # C 0x02f5a92b # # Failed to write core dump. Minidumps are not enabled by default on client versions of Windows # # If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit: # http://bugreport.sun.com/bugreport/crash.jsp # The crash happened outside the Java Virtual Machine in native code. # See problematic frame for where to report the bug. # --------------- T H R E A D --------------- Current thread (0x02f5a800): JavaThread "LWJGL Application" [_thread_in_native, id=3104, stack(0x076f0000,0x07740000)] siginfo: ExceptionCode=0xc0000096 Registers: EAX=0x000df4f0, EBX=0x32afc180, ECX=0x000df4f0, EDX=0x00000020 ESP=0x0773f768, EBP=0x0773f790, ESI=0x32afc180, EDI=0x02f5a800 EIP=0x02f5a92b, EFLAGS=0x00010206 Top of Stack: (sp=0x0773f768) 0x0773f768: 02bd429c 02bd429c 0773f770 32afc180 0x0773f778: 0773f7b8 32b022c8 00000000 32afc180 0x0773f788: 00000000 0773f7a0 0773f7dc 00943187 0x0773f798: 229ec1c0 00948839 69081736 00000000 0x0773f7a8: 089b0048 00000000 00000014 00001406 0x0773f7b8: 00000002 0773f7bc 32afbeb0 0773f7f8 0x0773f7c8: 32b022c8 00000000 32afbf00 0773f7a0 0x0773f7d8: 0773f7f0 0773f81c 00943187 69081736 Instructions: (pc=0x02f5a92b) 0x02f5a90b: 00 43 00 00 00 00 f0 bc 02 e8 00 e9 22 40 f7 73 0x02f5a91b: 07 85 a5 94 00 90 f7 73 07 50 cc a0 6d d8 49 c0 0x02f5a92b: 6d 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x02f5a93b: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 80 3d 37 00 00 00 Register to memory mapping: EAX=0x000df4f0 is an unknown value EBX=0x32afc180 is an oop {method} - klass: {other class} ECX=0x000df4f0 is an unknown value EDX=0x00000020 is an unknown value ESP=0x0773f768 is pointing into the stack for thread: 0x02f5a800 EBP=0x0773f790 is pointing into the stack for thread: 0x02f5a800 ESI=0x32afc180 is an oop {method} - klass: {other class} EDI=0x02f5a800 is a thread Stack: [0x076f0000,0x07740000], sp=0x0773f768, free space=317k Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code) C 0x02f5a92b j org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glVertexPointer(IILjava/nio/FloatBuffer;)V+48 j com.badlogic.gdx.backends.lwjgl.LwjglGL10.glVertexPointer(IIILjava/nio/Buffer;)V+53 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.glutils.VertexArray.bind()V+149 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Mesh.bind()V+25 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Mesh.render(IIIZ)V+32 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Mesh.render(III)V+8 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.SpriteBatch.flush()V+197 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.SpriteBatch.switchTexture(Lcom/badlogic/gdx/graphics/Texture;)V+1 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.SpriteBatch.draw(Lcom/badlogic/gdx/graphics/Texture;FFFF)V+33 j sevenseas.game.WorldRenderer.drawBob()V+54 j sevenseas.game.WorldRenderer.render()V+12 j sevenseas.game.GameClass.render(F)V+38 j com.badlogic.gdx.Game.render()V+19 j com.badlogic.gdx.backends.lwjgl.LwjglApplication.mainLoop()V+642 j com.badlogic.gdx.backends.lwjgl.LwjglApplication$1.run()V+27 v ~StubRoutines::call_stub V [jvm.dll+0x122c7e] V [jvm.dll+0x1c9c0e] V [jvm.dll+0x122e73] V [jvm.dll+0x122ed7] V [jvm.dll+0xccd1f] V [jvm.dll+0x14433f] V [jvm.dll+0x171549] C [msvcr100.dll+0x5c6de] endthreadex+0x3a C [msvcr100.dll+0x5c788] endthreadex+0xe4 C [kernel32.dll+0xb713] GetModuleFileNameA+0x1b4 Java frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code) j org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.nglVertexPointer(IIIJJ)V+0 j org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glVertexPointer(IILjava/nio/FloatBuffer;)V+48 j com.badlogic.gdx.backends.lwjgl.LwjglGL10.glVertexPointer(IIILjava/nio/Buffer;)V+53 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.glutils.VertexArray.bind()V+149 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Mesh.bind()V+25 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Mesh.render(IIIZ)V+32 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Mesh.render(III)V+8 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.SpriteBatch.flush()V+197 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.SpriteBatch.switchTexture(Lcom/badlogic/gdx/graphics/Texture;)V+1 j com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.SpriteBatch.draw(Lcom/badlogic/gdx/graphics/Texture;FFFF)V+33 j sevenseas.game.WorldRenderer.drawBob()V+54 j sevenseas.game.WorldRenderer.render()V+12 j sevenseas.game.GameClass.render(F)V+38 j com.badlogic.gdx.Game.render()V+19 j com.badlogic.gdx.backends.lwjgl.LwjglApplication.mainLoop()V+642 j com.badlogic.gdx.backends.lwjgl.LwjglApplication$1.run()V+27 v ~StubRoutines::call_stub --------------- P R O C E S S --------------- Java Threads: ( => current thread ) 0x003d6c00 JavaThread "DestroyJavaVM" [_thread_blocked, id=3240, stack(0x008c0000,0x00910000)] =>0x02f5a800 JavaThread "LWJGL Application" [_thread_in_native, id=3104, stack(0x076f0000,0x07740000)] 0x02bcf000 JavaThread "Service Thread" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=2612, stack(0x02e00000,0x02e50000)] 0x02bc1000 JavaThread "C1 CompilerThread0" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=2776, stack(0x02db0000,0x02e00000)] 0x02bbf400 JavaThread "Attach Listener" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=2448, stack(0x02d60000,0x02db0000)] 0x02bbe000 JavaThread "Signal Dispatcher" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=1764, stack(0x02d10000,0x02d60000)] 0x02bb8000 JavaThread "Finalizer" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=3864, stack(0x02cc0000,0x02d10000)] 0x02bb3400 JavaThread "Reference Handler" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=2424, stack(0x02c70000,0x02cc0000)] Other Threads: 0x02bb1800 VMThread [stack: 0x02c20000,0x02c70000] [id=3076] 0x02bd1000 WatcherThread [stack: 0x02e50000,0x02ea0000] [id=3276] VM state:not at safepoint (normal execution) VM Mutex/Monitor currently owned by a thread: None Heap def new generation total 4928K, used 2571K [0x229c0000, 0x22f10000, 0x27f10000) eden space 4416K, 46% used [0x229c0000, 0x22bc2e38, 0x22e10000) from space 512K, 100% used [0x22e90000, 0x22f10000, 0x22f10000) to space 512K, 0% used [0x22e10000, 0x22e10000, 0x22e90000) tenured generation total 10944K, used 634K [0x27f10000, 0x289c0000, 0x329c0000) the space 10944K, 5% used [0x27f10000, 0x27faea60, 0x27faec00, 0x289c0000) compacting perm gen total 12288K, used 1655K [0x329c0000, 0x335c0000, 0x369c0000) the space 12288K, 13% used [0x329c0000, 0x32b5dc58, 0x32b5de00, 0x335c0000) ro space 10240K, 42% used [0x369c0000, 0x36dfc660, 0x36dfc800, 0x373c0000) rw space 12288K, 53% used [0x373c0000, 0x37a38180, 0x37a38200, 0x37fc0000) Code Cache [0x00940000, 0x009d8000, 0x02940000) total_blobs=305 nmethods=80 adapters=158 free_code_cache=32183Kb largest_free_block=32955904 Dynamic libraries: 0x00400000 - 0x0042f000 C:\Program Files\Java\jre7\bin\javaw.exe 0x7c900000 - 0x7c9af000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\ntdll.dll 0x7c800000 - 0x7c8f6000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\kernel32.dll 0x77dd0000 - 0x77e6b000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\ADVAPI32.dll 0x77e70000 - 0x77f02000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\RPCRT4.dll 0x77fe0000 - 0x77ff1000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\Secur32.dll 0x7e410000 - 0x7e4a1000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\USER32.dll 0x77f10000 - 0x77f59000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\GDI32.dll 0x773d0000 - 0x774d3000 C:\WINDOWS\WinSxS\x86_Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls_6595b64144ccf1df_6.0.2600.5512_x-ww_35d4ce83\COMCTL32.dll 0x77c10000 - 0x77c68000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\msvcrt.dll 0x77f60000 - 0x77fd6000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\SHLWAPI.dll 0x76390000 - 0x763ad000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\IMM32.DLL 0x629c0000 - 0x629c9000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\LPK.DLL 0x74d90000 - 0x74dfb000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\USP10.dll 0x78aa0000 - 0x78b5e000 C:\Program Files\Java\jre7\bin\msvcr100.dll 0x6d940000 - 0x6dc61000 C:\Program Files\Java\jre7\bin\client\jvm.dll 0x71ad0000 - 0x71ad9000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\WSOCK32.dll 0x71ab0000 - 0x71ac7000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\WS2_32.dll 0x71aa0000 - 0x71aa8000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\WS2HELP.dll 0x76b40000 - 0x76b6d000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\WINMM.dll 0x76bf0000 - 0x76bfb000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\PSAPI.DLL 0x6d8d0000 - 0x6d8dc000 C:\Program Files\Java\jre7\bin\verify.dll 0x6d370000 - 0x6d390000 C:\Program Files\Java\jre7\bin\java.dll 0x6d920000 - 0x6d933000 C:\Program Files\Java\jre7\bin\zip.dll 0x6cec0000 - 0x6cf42000 C:\Documents and Settings\7stl0225\Local Settings\Temp\libgdx7stl0225\37fe1abc\gdx.dll 0x10000000 - 0x1004c000 C:\Documents and Settings\7stl0225\Local Settings\Temp\libgdx7stl0225\52d76f2b\lwjgl.dll 0x5ed00000 - 0x5edcc000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\OPENGL32.dll 0x68b20000 - 0x68b40000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\GLU32.dll 0x73760000 - 0x737ab000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\DDRAW.dll 0x73bc0000 - 0x73bc6000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\DCIMAN32.dll 0x77c00000 - 0x77c08000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\VERSION.dll 0x070b0000 - 0x07115000 C:\DOCUME~1\7stl0225\LOCALS~1\Temp\libgdx7stl0225\52d76f2b\OpenAL32.dll 0x7c9c0000 - 0x7d1d7000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\SHELL32.dll 0x774e0000 - 0x7761d000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\ole32.dll 0x5ad70000 - 0x5ada8000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\uxtheme.dll 0x76fd0000 - 0x7704f000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\CLBCATQ.DLL 0x77050000 - 0x77115000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\COMRes.dll 0x77120000 - 0x771ab000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\OLEAUT32.dll 0x73f10000 - 0x73f6c000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\dsound.dll 0x76c30000 - 0x76c5e000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\WINTRUST.dll 0x77a80000 - 0x77b15000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\CRYPT32.dll 0x77b20000 - 0x77b32000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\MSASN1.dll 0x76c90000 - 0x76cb8000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\IMAGEHLP.dll 0x72d20000 - 0x72d29000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\wdmaud.drv 0x72d10000 - 0x72d18000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\msacm32.drv 0x77be0000 - 0x77bf5000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\MSACM32.dll 0x77bd0000 - 0x77bd7000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\midimap.dll 0x73ee0000 - 0x73ee4000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\KsUser.dll 0x755c0000 - 0x755ee000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\msctfime.ime 0x69000000 - 0x691a9000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\sisgl.dll 0x73b30000 - 0x73b45000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\mscms.dll 0x73000000 - 0x73026000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\WINSPOOL.DRV 0x66e90000 - 0x66ed1000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\icm32.dll 0x07760000 - 0x0778d000 C:\Program Files\WordWeb\WHook.dll 0x74c80000 - 0x74cac000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\OLEACC.dll 0x76080000 - 0x760e5000 C:\WINDOWS\system32\MSVCP60.dll VM Arguments: jvm_args: -Dfile.encoding=Cp1252 java_command: sevenseas.game.MainDesktop Launcher Type: SUN_STANDARD Environment Variables: PATH=C:/Program Files/Java/jre7/bin/client;C:/Program Files/Java/jre7/bin;C:/Program Files/Java/jre7/lib/i386;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0\bin;C:\eclipse; USERNAME=7stl0225 OS=Windows_NT PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER=x86 Family 15 Model 4 Stepping 1, GenuineIntel --------------- S Y S T E M --------------- OS: Windows XP Build 2600 Service Pack 3 CPU:total 1 (1 cores per cpu, 1 threads per core) family 15 model 4 stepping 1, cmov, cx8, fxsr, mmx, sse, sse2, sse3 Memory: 4k page, physical 2031088k(939252k free), swap 3969920k(3011396k free) vm_info: Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (21.0-b17) for windows-x86 JRE (1.7.0-b147), built on Jun 27 2011 02:25:52 by "java_re" with unknown MS VC++:1600 time: Sat Oct 26 12:35:14 2013 elapsed time: 0 seconds

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• SDL & Windows 8 Metro WinRT

  - by Adrian

  I am just beginning to dip my tow into game programming and have been reading up on SDL, SFML, OpenGL, XNA, MonoGame and of course DirectX. (Needless to say there are a lot of choices out there) As much as I like SFMLs syntax I have chosen to read up and start with SDL as it is pretty ubiquitous and available on every platform (Windows, Linux, Mac) and also available on portable devices (Android, iOS) with the current exception of WinPhone 7 After that pre-amble here is my question. I notice that the docs say that for the windows platform the SDL API calls through to DirectX for higher perf. ( http://www.libsdl.org/intro.en/whatplatforms.html ) Microsoft have said that for Metro Game Apps you can only use DirectX (which means no XNA, no OpenGL, no SFML, etc, etc) My question is: If SDL just wraps DirectX calls will I (we) be able to use SDL to bring games to the new Metro WinRT environment and Windows 8 marketplace? This would be great if possible. Additionally as WinPhone 8 is supposedly built on Win8 then this could mean SDL would be available on the win phone in the future too. Thanks for your time in responding to this question and I look forward to hearing your response. EDIT: Based on DeadMG's answer I have installed Visual Studio 11 (beta) in Windows 8 Consumer Preview (CP) and went file-New to check project types. The project types: "Blank Application", "Direct2D Application" and "Direct3D Application" look of interest. I have selected "Direct2D App" but SDL generates its own window when you call: SDL_INIT Is it possible to link/setup the SDL window to point to the Direct2D surface in the this project?

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• Voxel terrain rendering with marching cubes

  - by JavaJosh94

  I was working on making procedurally generated terrain using normal cubish voxels (like minecraft) But then I read about marching cubes and decided to convert to using those. I managed to create a working marching cubes class and cycle through the densities and everything in it seemed to be working so I went on to work on actual terrain generation. I'm using XNA (C#) and a ported libnoise library to generate noise for the terrain generator. But instead of rendering smooth terrain I get a 64x64 chunk (I specified 64 but can change it) of seemingly random marching cubes using different triangles. This is the code I'm using to generate a "chunk": public MarchingCube[, ,] getTerrainChunk(int size, float dMultiplyer, int stepsize) { MarchingCube[, ,] temp = new MarchingCube[size / stepsize, size / stepsize, size / stepsize]; for (int x = 0; x < size; x += stepsize) { for (int y = 0; y <size; y += stepsize) { for (int z = 0; z < size; z += stepsize) { float[] densities = {(float)terrain.GetValue(x, y, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x, y+stepsize, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize, y+stepsize, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize, y, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x,y,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer,(float)terrain.GetValue(x,y+stepsize,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer,(float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize,y+stepsize,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer,(float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize,y,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer }; Vector3[] corners = { new Vector3(x,y,z), new Vector3(x,y+stepsize,z),new Vector3(x+stepsize,y+stepsize,z),new Vector3(x+stepsize,y,z), new Vector3(x,y,z+stepsize), new Vector3(x,y+stepsize,z+stepsize), new Vector3(x+stepsize,y+stepsize,z+stepsize), new Vector3(x+stepsize,y,z+stepsize)}; if (x == 0 && y == 0 && z == 0) { temp[x / stepsize, y / stepsize, z / stepsize] = new MarchingCube(densities, corners, device); } temp[x / stepsize, y / stepsize, z / stepsize] = new MarchingCube(densities, corners); } } } (terrain is a Perlin Noise generated using libnoise) I'm sure there's probably an easy solution to this but I've been drawing a blank for the past hour. I'm just wondering if the problem is how I'm reading in the data from the noise or if I may be generating the noise wrong? Or maybe the noise is just not good for this kind of generation? If I'm reading it wrong does anyone know the right way? the answers on google were somewhat ambiguous but I'm going to keep searching. Thanks in advance!

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• How to manage a multiplayer asynchronous environment in a game

  - by Phil

  I'm working on a game where players can setup villages, which can contain defending units. Any of these units (each on their own tiles) can be set to "campaign" which means they are no longer defending but can now be used to attack other villages. And each unit on a tile can have up to a 100 health. So far so good. Oh and it's all asynchronous so even though the server will be aware that your village is being attacked, you won't be until the attack is over. The issue I'm struggling with, is the following situation. Let's say a unit on a tile is being attacked by a player from another village. The other player see's your village and is attacking your units. You don't know this is happening though, so you set your unit to campaign and off you go to attack another village, with the unit which itself is actually being attacked by this other player. The other player stops attacking your village and leaves your unit with say a health of 1, which is then saved to the server. You however have this same unit are attacking another village with it, but now you discover that even though it started off with a 100 health, now mysteriously it only has 1... Solutions? Ideas? Edit The simplest solutions are often the best. I referred to Clash of clans below, well after a bit more digging it seems that in CoC you can only attack players that are offline! ha, that almost solves the problem. I say almost because there's still the situation where a players village could be in the process of being attacked when they come back online, still need to address that. Edit 2 A solution to the "What happens when a player is attacking your village and you come online" issue, could be the attacking player just get's kicked out of the village at that point and just get's whatever they had won up to that point, it's a bit of a fudge but it might work.

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• Collide with rotation of the object

  - by Lahiru

  I'm developing a mirror for lazer beam(Ball sprite). There I'm trying to redirect the laze beam according to the ration degree of the mirror(Rectangle). How can I collide the ball to the correct angle if the colliding object is with some angle(45 deg) rather than colliding back. here is an screen shot of my work here is my code using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; namespace collision { /// <summary> /// This is the main type for your game /// </summary> public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; Texture2D ballTexture; Rectangle ballBounds; Vector2 ballPosition; Vector2 ballVelocity; float ballSpeed = 30f; Texture2D blockTexture; Rectangle blockBounds; Vector2 blockPosition; private Vector2 origin; KeyboardState keyboardState; //Font SpriteFont Font1; Vector2 FontPos; private String displayText; public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to perform any initialization it needs to before starting to run. /// This is where it can query for any required services and load any non-graphic /// related content. Calling base.Initialize will enumerate through any components /// and initialize them as well. /// </summary> protected override void Initialize() { // TODO: Add your initialization logic here ballPosition = new Vector2(this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / 2, this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height * 0.25f); blockPosition = new Vector2(this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / 2, this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height /2); ballVelocity = new Vector2(0, 1); base.Initialize(); } /// <summary> /// LoadContent will be called once per game and is the place to load /// all of your content. /// </summary> protected override void LoadContent() { // Create a new SpriteBatch, which can be used to draw textures. spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); ballTexture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("ball"); blockTexture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("mirror"); //create rectangles based off the size of the textures ballBounds = new Rectangle((int)(ballPosition.X - ballTexture.Width / 2), (int)(ballPosition.Y - ballTexture.Height / 2), ballTexture.Width, ballTexture.Height); blockBounds = new Rectangle((int)(blockPosition.X - blockTexture.Width / 2), (int)(blockPosition.Y - blockTexture.Height / 2), blockTexture.Width, blockTexture.Height); origin.X = blockTexture.Width / 2; origin.Y = blockTexture.Height / 2; // TODO: use this.Content to load your game content here Font1 = Content.Load<SpriteFont>("SpriteFont1"); FontPos = new Vector2(graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width - 100, 20); } /// <summary> /// UnloadContent will be called once per game and is the place to unload /// all content. /// </summary> protected override void UnloadContent() { // TODO: Unload any non ContentManager content here } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to run logic such as updating the world, /// checking for collisions, gathering input, and playing audio. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> /// private float RotationAngle; float circle = MathHelper.Pi * 2; float angle; protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Allows the game to exit if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); // TODO: Add your update logic here //check for collision between the ball and the block, or if the ball is outside the bounds of the screen if (ballBounds.Intersects(blockBounds) || !GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Contains(ballBounds)) { //we have a simple collision! //if it has hit, swap the direction of the ball, and update it's position ballVelocity = -ballVelocity; ballPosition += ballVelocity * ballSpeed; } else { //move the ball a bit ballPosition += ballVelocity * ballSpeed; } //update bounding boxes ballBounds.X = (int)ballPosition.X; ballBounds.Y = (int)ballPosition.Y; blockBounds.X = (int)blockPosition.X; blockBounds.Y = (int)blockPosition.Y; keyboardState = Keyboard.GetState(); float val = 1.568017f/90; if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space)) RotationAngle = RotationAngle + (float)Math.PI; if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) RotationAngle = RotationAngle - val; angle = (float)Math.PI / 4.0f; // 90 degrees RotationAngle = angle; // RotationAngle = RotationAngle % circle; displayText = RotationAngle.ToString(); base.Update(gameTime); } /// <summary> /// This is called when the game should draw itself. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); // TODO: Add your drawing code here spriteBatch.Begin(); // Find the center of the string Vector2 FontOrigin = Font1.MeasureString(displayText) / 2; spriteBatch.DrawString(Font1, displayText, FontPos, Color.White, 0, FontOrigin, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0.5f); spriteBatch.Draw(ballTexture, ballPosition, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(blockTexture, blockPosition,null, Color.White, RotationAngle,origin, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0f); spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } } }

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• Issue with distinguishing levels in isometric game

  - by Konrad

  I'm working on an isometric game however I am having trouble visually distinguishing between levels in the game. Take the example below, the first image shows concrete blocks at ground level and the following images show an attempt to build a few blocks a level above. As you can see the level above is visually swallowed the one below. I've tried shading to make lower levels darker with respect to camera, but this doesn't work that well.. any ideas?

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• SFML fail to load image as texture

  - by zyeek

  I have come to a problem with the code below ... Using SFML 2.0 #include <SFML/Graphics.hpp> #include <iostream> #include <list> int main() { float speed = 5.0f; // create the window sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(sf::VideoMode::getDesktopMode().height - 300, 800), "Bricks"); // Set game window position on the screen window.setPosition( sf::Vector2i(sf::VideoMode::getDesktopMode().width/4 + sf::VideoMode::getDesktopMode().width/16 , 0) ); // Allow library to accept repeatitive key presses (i.e. holding key) window.setKeyRepeatEnabled(true); // Hide mouse cursor //window.setMouseCursorVisible(false); // Limit 30 frames per sec; the minimum for all games window.setFramerateLimit(30); sf::Texture texture; if (!texture.loadFromFile("tile.png", sf::IntRect(0, 0, 125, 32))) { std::cout<<"Could not load image\n"; return -1; } // Empty list of sprites std::list<sf::Sprite> spriteContainer; bool gameFocus = true; // run the program as long as the window is open while (window.isOpen()) { sf::Vector2i mousePos = sf::Mouse::getPosition(window); // check all the window's events that were triggered since the last iteration of the loop sf::Event event; while (window.pollEvent(event)) { float offsetX = 0.0f, offsetY = 0.0f; if(event.type == sf::Event::GainedFocus) gameFocus = !gameFocus; else if(event.type == sf::Event::LostFocus) gameFocus = !gameFocus; if(event.type == sf::Event::KeyPressed) { if (event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::Space) { if(gameFocus) { // Create sprite and add features before putting it into container sf::Sprite sprite(texture); sprite.scale(.9f,.7f); sf::Vector2u textSize = texture.getSize(); sprite.setPosition(sf::Vector2f(mousePos.x-textSize.x/2.0f, mousePos.y - textSize.y/2.0f)); spriteContainer.push_front(sprite); } } if(event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::P) std::cout << spriteContainer.size() << std::endl; if( event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::W ) offsetY -= speed; if( event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::A ) offsetX -= speed; if( event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::S ) offsetY += speed; if( event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::D ) offsetX += speed; } // "close requested" event: we close the window if (event.type == sf::Event::Closed || event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::Escape) window.close(); // Move all sprites synchronously for (std::list<sf::Sprite>::iterator sprite = spriteContainer.begin(); sprite != spriteContainer.end(); ++sprite) sprite->move(offsetX, offsetY); //sprite.move(offsetX,offsetY); } // clear the window with black color window.clear(sf::Color::Black); // draw everything here... // window.draw(...); // Draw all sprites in the container for (std::list<sf::Sprite>::iterator sprite = spriteContainer.begin(); sprite != spriteContainer.end(); ++sprite) window.draw(*sprite); // end the current frame window.display(); } return 0; } A couple weeks ago it worked flawlessly to my expectation, but now that I come back to it and I am having problems importing the image as a texture "tile.png". I don't understand why this is evening happening and the only message I get via the terminal is "Cannot load image ..." then a bunch of random characters. My libraries are for sure working, but now I am not sure why the image is not loading. My image is in the same directory as with my .h and .cpp files. This is an irritating problem that keep coming up for some reason and is always a problem to fix it. I import my libraries via my own directory "locals" which contain many APIs, but I specifically get SFML, and done appropriately as I am able to open a window and many other stuff.

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• As a game developer, which data structure use for develop the game? [duplicate]

  - by Rizwanabbasi

  This question already has an answer here: When should vector/list be used? 5 answers We are developing a game for bank robbery. The game plots a bank robbery. Lots of people witness that robbery. Our game will load the lists of suspected offenders while the players (witnesses) will have to identify the offenders of this robbery. Game should load list of offenders to identify the one as quickly as possible. Admin can add/remove offenders in the lists and two or more lists of offenders can also be merged into one (to show it to the player). As a game developer, which data structure we should use for develop the game? Justify your selection with solid arguments. Remember the most critical requirement is that the list should load super fast.

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• problem with loading in .FBX meshes in DirectX 10

  - by N0xus

  I'm trying to load in meshes into DirectX 10. I've created a bunch of classes that handle it and allow me to call in a mesh with only a single line of code in my main game class. How ever, when I run the program this is what renders: In the debug output window the following errors keep appearing: D3D10: ERROR: ID3D10Device::DrawIndexed: Input Assembler - Vertex Shader linkage error: Signatures between stages are incompatible. The reason is that Semantic 'TEXCOORD' is defined for mismatched hardware registers between the output stage and input stage. [ EXECUTION ERROR #343: DEVICE_SHADER_LINKAGE_REGISTERINDEX ] D3D10: ERROR: ID3D10Device::DrawIndexed: Input Assembler - Vertex Shader linkage error: Signatures between stages are incompatible. The reason is that the input stage requires Semantic/Index (POSITION,0) as input, but it is not provided by the output stage. [ EXECUTION ERROR #342: DEVICE_SHADER_LINKAGE_SEMANTICNAME_NOT_FOUND ] The thing is, I've no idea how to fix this. The code I'm using does work and I've simply brought all of that code into a new project of mine. There are no build errors and this only appears when the game is running The .fx file is as follows: float4x4 matWorld; float4x4 matView; float4x4 matProjection; struct VS_INPUT { float4 Pos:POSITION; float2 TexCoord:TEXCOORD; }; struct PS_INPUT { float4 Pos:SV_POSITION; float2 TexCoord:TEXCOORD; }; Texture2D diffuseTexture; SamplerState diffuseSampler { Filter = MIN_MAG_MIP_POINT; AddressU = WRAP; AddressV = WRAP; }; // // Vertex Shader // PS_INPUT VS( VS_INPUT input ) { PS_INPUT output=(PS_INPUT)0; float4x4 viewProjection=mul(matView,matProjection); float4x4 worldViewProjection=mul(matWorld,viewProjection); output.Pos=mul(input.Pos,worldViewProjection); output.TexCoord=input.TexCoord; return output; } // // Pixel Shader // float4 PS(PS_INPUT input ) : SV_Target { return diffuseTexture.Sample(diffuseSampler,input.TexCoord); //return float4(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f); } RasterizerState NoCulling { FILLMODE=SOLID; CULLMODE=NONE; }; technique10 Render { pass P0 { SetVertexShader( CompileShader( vs_4_0, VS() ) ); SetGeometryShader( NULL ); SetPixelShader( CompileShader( ps_4_0, PS() ) ); SetRasterizerState(NoCulling); } } In my game, the .fx file and model are called and set as follows: Loading in shader file //Set the shader flags - BMD DWORD dwShaderFlags = D3D10_SHADER_ENABLE_STRICTNESS; #if defined( DEBUG ) || defined( _DEBUG ) dwShaderFlags |= D3D10_SHADER_DEBUG; #endif ID3D10Blob * pErrorBuffer=NULL; if( FAILED( D3DX10CreateEffectFromFile( TEXT("TransformedTexture.fx" ), NULL, NULL, "fx_4_0", dwShaderFlags, 0, md3dDevice, NULL, NULL, &m_pEffect, &pErrorBuffer, NULL ) ) ) { char * pErrorStr = ( char* )pErrorBuffer->GetBufferPointer(); //If the creation of the Effect fails then a message box will be shown MessageBoxA( NULL, pErrorStr, "Error", MB_OK ); return false; } //Get the technique called Render from the effect, we need this for rendering later on m_pTechnique=m_pEffect->GetTechniqueByName("Render"); //Number of elements in the layout UINT numElements = TexturedLitVertex::layoutSize; //Get the Pass description, we need this to bind the vertex to the pipeline D3D10_PASS_DESC PassDesc; m_pTechnique->GetPassByIndex( 0 )->GetDesc( &PassDesc ); //Create Input layout to describe the incoming buffer to the input assembler if (FAILED(md3dDevice->CreateInputLayout( TexturedLitVertex::layout, numElements,PassDesc.pIAInputSignature, PassDesc.IAInputSignatureSize, &m_pVertexLayout ) ) ) { return false; } model loading: m_pTestRenderable=new CRenderable(); //m_pTestRenderable->create<TexturedVertex>(md3dDevice,8,6,vertices,indices); m_pModelLoader = new CModelLoader(); m_pTestRenderable = m_pModelLoader->loadModelFromFile( md3dDevice,"armoredrecon.fbx" ); m_pGameObjectTest = new CGameObject(); m_pGameObjectTest->setRenderable( m_pTestRenderable ); // Set primitive topology, how are we going to interpet the vertices in the vertex buffer md3dDevice->IASetPrimitiveTopology( D3D10_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST ); if ( FAILED( D3DX10CreateShaderResourceViewFromFile( md3dDevice, TEXT( "armoredrecon_diff.png" ), NULL, NULL, &m_pTextureShaderResource, NULL ) ) ) { MessageBox( NULL, TEXT( "Can't load Texture" ), TEXT( "Error" ), MB_OK ); return false; } m_pDiffuseTextureVariable = m_pEffect->GetVariableByName( "diffuseTexture" )->AsShaderResource(); m_pDiffuseTextureVariable->SetResource( m_pTextureShaderResource ); Finally, the draw function code: //All drawing will occur between the clear and present m_pViewMatrixVariable->SetMatrix( ( float* )m_matView ); m_pWorldMatrixVariable->SetMatrix( ( float* )m_pGameObjectTest->getWorld() ); //Get the stride(size) of the a vertex, we need this to tell the pipeline the size of one vertex UINT stride = m_pTestRenderable->getStride(); //The offset from start of the buffer to where our vertices are located UINT offset = m_pTestRenderable->getOffset(); ID3D10Buffer * pVB=m_pTestRenderable->getVB(); //Bind the vertex buffer to input assembler stage - md3dDevice->IASetVertexBuffers( 0, 1, &pVB, &stride, &offset ); md3dDevice->IASetIndexBuffer( m_pTestRenderable->getIB(), DXGI_FORMAT_R32_UINT, 0 ); //Get the Description of the technique, we need this in order to loop through each pass in the technique D3D10_TECHNIQUE_DESC techDesc; m_pTechnique->GetDesc( &techDesc ); //Loop through the passes in the technique for( UINT p = 0; p < techDesc.Passes; ++p ) { //Get a pass at current index and apply it m_pTechnique->GetPassByIndex( p )->Apply( 0 ); //Draw call md3dDevice->DrawIndexed(m_pTestRenderable->getNumOfIndices(),0,0); //m_pD3D10Device->Draw(m_pTestRenderable->getNumOfVerts(),0); } Is there anything I've clearly done wrong or are missing? Spent 2 weeks trying to workout what on earth I've done wrong to no avail. Any insight a fresh pair eyes could give on this would be great.

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• Playing NSF music in FMOD.net

  - by Tesserex

  So, as the title says, I want to be able to play NSF files using FMOD, because my project already uses FMOD and I'd rather not replace it. This will involve figuring out how existing players and emulators work and porting it. I haven't yet found an existing player that uses FMOD. My starting point is the MyNes source from http://sourceforge.net/projects/mynes/. There are two big steps between here and what I'm looking for. MyNes plays from a ROM, not NSF. So, I have to rip out the APU and get it to play NSF files. The MyNes APU uses SlimDX, so I have to convert that to FMOD.NET. I am really stuck about how to go about either of these, because I'm not that familiar with audio formats and it's hard finding resources online. So here are a few questions: From what I can tell from the NSF spec at http://kevtris.org/nes/nsfspec.txt, it's just contains the relevant memory section of the ROM, plus the header. If anyone can verify or correct this that would be great. The emulator APU uses data from the rest of the emulator to play, including things like cycle counts. I'm not sure what replaces this in a standalone player. Can't I just load all the music data at once into a stream and play it? Joining #1 and #2, does the header data from the NSF substitute for some of the ROM data in the emulator code? Using FMOD, will I be following the usercreatedsound example for loading a stream? And does this format count as PCM? Specifically MyNes says PCM8. Any tips on loading / playing the stream in FMOD are appreciated. As an aside, I don't really understand the loading / playing sections of the spec I linked at all. It seems to apply to 6502 systems / emulators only and not to my situation. I know it's a long shot for anyone here to have enough experience in this area to help, but anything you can provide is definitely appreciated. A link to an existing .NET library that does this would be even better, but I don't believe one exists.

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• Speeding up procedural texture generation

  - by FalconNL

  Recently I've begun working on a game that takes place in a procedurally generated solar system. After a bit of a learning curve (having neither worked with Scala, OpenGL 2 ES or Libgdx before), I have a basic tech demo going where you spin around a single procedurally textured planet: The problem I'm running into is the performance of the texture generation. A quick overview of what I'm doing: a planet is a cube that has been deformed to a sphere. To each side, a n x n (e.g. 256 x 256) texture is applied, which are bundled in one 8n x n texture that is sent to the fragment shader. The last two spaces are not used, they're only there to make sure the width is a power of 2. The texture is currently generated on the CPU, using the updated 2012 version of the simplex noise algorithm linked to in the paper 'Simplex noise demystified'. The scene I'm using to test the algorithm contains two spheres: the planet and the background. Both use a greyscale texture consisting of six octaves of 3D simplex noise, so for example if we choose 128x128 as the texture size there are 128 x 128 x 6 x 2 x 6 = about 1.2 million calls to the noise function. The closest you will get to the planet is about what's shown in the screenshot and since the game's target resolution is 1280x720 that means I'd prefer to use 512x512 textures. Combine that with the fact the actual textures will of course be more complicated than basic noise (There will be a day and night texture, blended in the fragment shader based on sunlight, and a specular mask. I need noise for continents, terrain color variation, clouds, city lights, etc.) and we're looking at something like 512 x 512 x 6 x 3 x 15 = 70 million noise calls for the planet alone. In the final game, there will be activities when traveling between planets, so a wait of 5 or 10 seconds, possibly 20, would be acceptable since I can calculate the texture in the background while traveling, though obviously the faster the better. Getting back to our test scene, performance on my PC isn't too terrible, though still too slow considering the final result is going to be about 60 times worse: 128x128 : 0.1s 256x256 : 0.4s 512x512 : 1.7s This is after I moved all performance-critical code to Java, since trying to do so in Scala was a lot worse. Running this on my phone (a Samsung Galaxy S3), however, produces a more problematic result: 128x128 : 2s 256x256 : 7s 512x512 : 29s Already far too long, and that's not even factoring in the fact that it'll be minutes instead of seconds in the final version. Clearly something needs to be done. Personally, I see a few potential avenues, though I'm not particularly keen on any of them yet: Don't precalculate the textures, but let the fragment shader calculate everything. Probably not feasible, because at one point I had the background as a fullscreen quad with a pixel shader and I got about 1 fps on my phone. Use the GPU to render the texture once, store it and use the stored texture from then on. Upside: might be faster than doing it on the CPU since the GPU is supposed to be faster at floating point calculations. Downside: effects that cannot (easily) be expressed as functions of simplex noise (e.g. gas planet vortices, moon craters, etc.) are a lot more difficult to code in GLSL than in Scala/Java. Calculate a large amount of noise textures and ship them with the application. I'd like to avoid this if at all possible. Lower the resolution. Buys me a 4x performance gain, which isn't really enough plus I lose a lot of quality. Find a faster noise algorithm. If anyone has one I'm all ears, but simplex is already supposed to be faster than perlin. Adopt a pixel art style, allowing for lower resolution textures and fewer noise octaves. While I originally envisioned the game in this style, I've come to prefer the realistic approach. I'm doing something wrong and the performance should already be one or two orders of magnitude better. If this is the case, please let me know. If anyone has any suggestions, tips, workarounds, or other comments regarding this problem I'd love to hear them.

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• Spreadsheets in Game Design?

  - by Joey Green

  There have been two instances from the past two weeks that I've heard from well known successful game developers that they use spreadsheets when designing games. The first being David Whatley in this GDCVault video: http://gdcvault.com/play/1012372/From-Zero-to-Time-Magazine The second being the guys that do Walled Garden Weekly: http://walledgardenweekly.com/ David said he models everything out and uses excel models to see how everything plays out. What on earth is he talking about? Is it seeing how the game mechanics react to each other? Is there somewhere where I can learn more about how to do this? Thanks

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