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• Design: How to model / where to store relational data between classes

  - by Walker

  I'm trying to figure out the best design here, and I can see multiple approaches, but none that seems "right." There are three relevant classes here: Base, TradingPost, and Resource. Each Base has a TradingPost which can offer various Resources depending on the Base's tech level. Where is the right place to store the minimum tech level a base must possess to offer any given resource? A database seems like overkill. Putting it in each subclass of Resource seems wrong--that's not an intrinsic property of the Resource. Do I have a mediating class, and if so, how does it work? It's important that I not be duplicating code; that I have one place where I set the required tech level for a given item. Essentially, where does this data belong? P.S. Feel free to change the title; I struggled to come up with one that fits.

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• Looking for some OO design advice

  - by Andrew Stephens

  I'm developing an app that will be used to open and close valves in an industrial environment, and was thinking of something simple like this:- public static void ValveController { public static void OpenValve(string valveName) { // Implementation to open the valve } public static void CloseValve(string valveName) { // Implementation to close the valve } } (The implementation would write a few bytes of data to the serial port to control the valve - an "address" derived from the valve name, and either a "1" or "0" to open or close the valve). Another dev asked whether we should instead create a separate class for each physical valve, of which there are dozens. I agree it would be nicer to write code like PlasmaValve.Open() rather than ValveController.OpenValve("plasma"), but is this overkill? Also, I was wondering how best to tackle the design with a couple of hypothetical future requirements in mind:- We are asked to support a new type of valve requiring different values to open and close it (not 0 and 1). We are asked to support a valve that can be set to any position from 0-100, rather than simply "open" or "closed". Normally I would use inheritance for this kind of thing, but I've recently started to get my head around "composition over inheritance" and wonder if there is a slicker solution to be had using composition?

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• Relative encapsulation design

  - by taher1992

  Let's say I am doing a 2D application with the following design: There is the Level object that manages the world, and there are world objects which are entities inside the Level object. A world object has a location and velocity, as well as size and a texture. However, a world object only exposes get properties. The set properties are private (or protected) and are only available to inherited classes. But of course, Level is responsible for these world objects, and must somehow be able to manipulate at least some of its private setters. But as of now, Level has no access, meaning world objects must change its private setters to public (violating encapsulation). How to tackle this problem? Should I just make everything public? Currently what I'm doing is having a inner class inside game object that does the set work. So when Level needs to update an objects location it goes something like this: void ChangeObject(GameObject targetObject, int newX, int newY){ // targetObject.SetX and targetObject.SetY cannot be set directly var setter = new GameObject.Setter(targetObject); setter.SetX(newX); setter.SetY(newY); } This code feels like overkill, but it doesn't feel right to have everything public so that anything can change an objects location for example.

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• How to design a scriptable communication emulator?

  - by Hawk

  Requirement: We need a tool that simulates a hardware device that communicates via RS232 or TCP/IP to allow us to test our main application which will communicate with the device. Current flow: User loads script Parse script into commands User runs script Execute commands Script / commands (simplified for discussion): Connect RS232 = RS232ConnectCommand Connect TCP/IP = TcpIpConnectCommand Send data = SendCommand Receive data = ReceiveCommand Disconnect = DisconnectCommand All commands implement the ICommand interface. The command runner simply executes a sequence of ICommand implementations sequentially thus ICommand must have an Execute exposure, pseudo code: void Execute(ICommunicator context) The Execute method takes a context argument which allows the command implementations to execute what they need to do. For instance SendCommand will call context.Send, etc. The problem RS232ConnectCommand and TcpIpConnectCommand needs to instantiate the context to be used by subsequent commands. How do you handle this elegantly? Solution 1: Change ICommand Execute method to: ICommunicator Execute(ICommunicator context) While it will work it seems like a code smell. All commands now need to return the context which for all commands except the connection ones will be the same context that is passed in. Solution 2: Create an ICommunicatorWrapper (ICommunicationBroker?) which follows the decorator pattern and decorates ICommunicator. It introduces a new exposure: void SetCommunicator(ICommunicator communicator) And ICommand is changed to use the wrapper: void Execute(ICommunicationWrapper context) Seems like a cleaner solution. Question Is this a good design? Am I on the right track?

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• design for supporting entities with images

  - by brainydexter

  I have multiple entities like Hotels, Destination Cities etc which can contain images. The way I have my system setup right now is, I think of all the images belonging to this universal set (a table in the DB contains filePaths to all the images). When I have to add an image to an entity, I see if the entity exists in this universal set of images. If it exists, attach the reference to this image, else create a new image. E.g.: class ImageEntityHibernateDAO { public void addImageToEntity(IContainImage entity, String filePath, String title, String altText) { ImageEntity image = this.getImage(filePath); if (image == null) image = new ImageEntity(filePath, title, altText); getSession().beginTransaction(); entity.getImages().add(image); getSession().getTransaction().commit(); } } My question is: Earlier I had to write this code for each entity (and each entity would have a Set collection). So, instead of re-writing the same code, I created the following interface: public interface IContainImage { Set<ImageEntity> getImages(); } Entities which have image collections also implements IContainImage interface. Now, for any entity that needs to support adding Image functionality, all I have to invoke from the DAO looks something like this: // in DestinationDAO::addImageToDestination { imageDao.addImageToEntity(destination, imageFileName, imageTitle, imageAltText); // in HotelDAO::addImageToHotel { imageDao.addImageToEntity(hotel, imageFileName, imageTitle, imageAltText); It'd be great help if someone can provide me some critique on this design ? Are there any serious flaws that I'm not seeing right away ?

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• How to design a scalable notification system?

  - by Trent

  I need to write a notification system manager. Here is my requirements: I need to be able to send a Notification on different platforms, which may be totally different (for exemple, I need to be able to send either an SMS or an E-mail). Sometimes the notification may be the same for all recipients for a given platform, but sometimes it may be a notification per recipients (or several) per platform. Each notification can contain platform specific payload (for exemple an MMS can contains a sound or an image). The system need to be scalable, I need to be able to send a very large amount of notification without crashing either the application or the server. It is a two step process, first a customer may type a message and choose a platform to send to, and the notification(s) should be created to be processed either real-time either later. Then the system needs to send the notification to the platform provider. For now, I end up with some though but I don't know how scalable it will be or if it is a good design. I've though of the following objects (in a pseudo language): a generic Notification object: class Notification { String $message; Payload $payload; Collection<Recipient> $recipients; } The problem with the following objects is what if I've 1.000.000 recipients ? Even if the Recipient object is very small, it'll take too much memory. I could also create one Notification per recipient, but some platform providers requires me to send it in batch, meaning I need to define one Notification with several Recipients. Each created notification could be stored in a persistent storage like a DB or Redis. Would it be a good it to aggregate this later to make sure it is scalable? On the second step, I need to process this notification. But how could I distinguish the notification to the right platform provider? Should I use an object like MMSNotification extending an abstract Notification? or something like Notification.setType('MMS')? To allow to process a lot of notification at the same time, I think a messaging queue system like RabbitMQ may be the right tool. Is it? It would allow me to queue a lot of notification and have several worker to pop notification and process them. But what if I need to batch the recipients as seen above? Then I imagine a NotificationProcessor object for which I could I add NotificationHandler each NotificationHandler would be in charge to connect the platform provider and perform notification. I can also use an EventManager to allow pluggable behavior. Any feedbacks or ideas? Thanks for giving your time. Note: I'm used to work in PHP and it is likely the language of my choice.

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• DIV is picking max-width value as width value for DIV.

  - by Lokesh

  I am facing a problem after applying max-width hack for IE7. In mozilla, width of the div is flexible and adjustable as per the image width in the div. But in IE7 it is taking the max-width as width of DIV. Below is my HTML code: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="style/food.css" /> <!--[if IE 7]> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="style/ie7.css" /> <![endif]--> </head> <body> <div class="main_content_inner_ko"> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_icons/BigNTasty.png" alt="Big N&rsquo; Tasty"/><div class="small_title">Big N&rsquo; Tasty</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_images/x115/chicken/PremCrispyChickenRanchBLT.png" height="115" width="115" alt="Premium Cripsy Chicken Ranch BLT"/><div class="small_title">Premium Cripsy Chicken Ranch BLT</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_images/x115/sandwiches/FiletOFish.png" height="115" width="99" alt="Filet O Fish"/> <div class="small_title">Filet O Fish</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_icons/BigNTasty.png" height="115" width="99" alt="Big N&rsquo; Tasty"/> <div class="small_title">Big N&rsquo; Tasty</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_images/x115/chicken/PremCrispyChickenRanchBLT.png" height="115" width="115" alt="Premium Cripsy Chicken Ranch BLT"/> <div class="small_title">Premium Cripsy Chicken Ranch BLT</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_images/x115/sandwiches/FiletOFish.png" height="115" width="99" alt="Filet O Fish"/> <div class="small_title">Filet O Fish</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_icons/BigNTasty.png" height="115" width="99" alt="Big N&rsquo; Tasty"/> <div class="small_title">Big N&rsquo; Tasty</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_icons/BigNTasty.png" height="115" width="99" alt="Big N&rsquo; Tasty"/> <div class="small_title">Big N&rsquo; Tasty</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_images/x115/sandwiches/FiletOFish.png" height="115" width="99" alt="Filet O Fish"/> <div class="small_title">Filet O Fish</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_icons/BigNTasty.png" height="115" width="99" alt="Big N&rsquo; Tasty"/> <div class="small_title">Big N&rsquo; Tasty</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_icons/BigNTasty.png" height="115" width="99" alt="Big N&rsquo; Tasty"/> <div class="small_title">Big N&rsquo; Tasty</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_icons/BigNTasty.png" height="115" width="99" alt="Big N&rsquo; Tasty"/> <div class="small_title">Big N&rsquo; Tasty</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_images/x115/chicken/PremCrispyChickenRanchBLT.png" height="115" width="115" alt="Premium Cripsy Chicken Ranch BLT"/> <div class="small_title">Premium Cripsy Chicken Ranch BLT</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_images/x115/sandwiches/FiletOFish.png" height="115" width="99" alt="Filet O Fish"/> <div class="small_title">Filet O Fish</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="product_item"> <img src="images/product_icons/BigNTasty.png" height="115" width="99" alt="Big N&rsquo; Tasty"/> <div class="small_title">Big N&rsquo; Tasty</div> <table class="product_information" cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="red_bold"></td> <td></td> <td class="small_italic">(Daily Value)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Calories</td> <td>460</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Total Fat</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic">(37%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Carbs</td> <td>37g</td> <td class="small_italic">(12%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Protein</td> <td>24g</td> <td class="small_italic"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="red_bold">Sodium</td> <td>720mg</td> <td class="small_italic">(30%)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="notes">Note: Values shown are for the default size and/or flavor.</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_learn_more_and_customize"></a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3"><a href="#" class="acts_as_button en_add_to_my_meal_builder"></a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </body> Below is the css code: div.small_title { font-size: 10px; color: #929292; text-align: center; max-width: 115px; line-height: 13px; padding-top: 5px; margin: 0 auto; } .product_item { position: relative; float:left; min-width: 35px; max-width: 189px; width: auto !important; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #CCC; } Please help me! Cheers!! Lokesh Yadav

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• Why should ViewModel route actions to Controller when using the MVCVM pattern?

  - by Lea Hayes

  When reading examples across the Internet (including the MSDN reference) I have found that code examples are all doing the following type of thing: public class FooViewModel : BaseViewModel { public FooViewModel(FooController controller) { Controller = controller; } protected FooController Controller { get; private set; } public void PerformSuperAction() { // This just routes action to controller... Controller.SuperAction(); } ... } and then for the view: public class FooView : BaseView { ... private void OnSuperButtonClicked() { ViewModel.PerformSuperAction(); } } Why do we not just do the following? public class FooView : BaseView { ... private void OnSuperButtonClicked() { ViewModel.Controller.SuperAction(); // or, even just use a shortcut property: Controller.SuperAction(); } }

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• In Ruby are there any related applications of the syntax: class << self ... end

  - by pez_dispenser

  class << self attr_accessor :n, :totalX, :totalY end The syntax above is used for defining class instance variables. But when I think about what syntax implies, it doesn't make any sense to me, so I'm wondering if this type of syntax is used for any other types of definitions. My point of confusion here is this: class << self The append operator normally means "add what's on the right to the object on the left". But in the context of this block, how does that add up to "put the contents of this block into the definition of the class instance rather than the instance"? For the same reason I'm confused as to why in one context class << self can define class instance variables while in another it seems to create class variables such as here: class Point # Instance methods go here class << self # Class methods go here end end

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• Should this code/logic be included in Business Objects class or a separate class?

  - by aspdotnetuser

  I have created a small application which has a three tier architecture and I have business object classes to represent entities such as User, Orders, UserType etc. In these classes I have methods that are executed when the Constuctor method of, for example, User is called. These methods perform calculations and generate details that setup data for attributes that are part of each User object. Here is the structure for the project in Visual Studio: Here is some code from the business object class User.cs: Public Class User { public string Name { get; set; } public int RandomNumber { get; set; } etc public User { Name = GetName(); RandomNumber = GetRandomNumber(); } public string GetName() { .... return name; } public int GetRandomNumber() { ... return randomNumber; } } Should this logic be included in the Business Object classes or should it be included in a Utilities class of some kind? Or in the business rules?

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• To identify the classes for uml diagrams?

  - by user106535

  I want to implement a software engineering project based on "crime management system". The main modules are: visitors, users, administrator. The main events that are taking place are: registration, report complaint, report crime, report most wanted, view status of reported crime. So could you please help me to identify the classes that are to be used in this project and help me to draw the class diagram?

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• Design for a plugin based application

  - by Varun Naik

  I am working on application, details of which I cannot discuss here. We have core framework and the rest is designed as plug in. In the core framework we have a domain object. This domain object is updated by the plugins. I have defined an interface in which I have function as DomainObject doProcessing(DomainObject object) My intention here is I pass the domain object, the plug in will update it and return it. This updated object is then passed again to different plugin to be updated. I am not sure if this is a good approach. I don't like passing the DomainObject to plugin. Is there a better way I can achieve this? Should I just request data from plugin and update the domain object myself?

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• UML class diagram - can aggregated object be part of two aggregated classes?

  - by user970696

  Some sources say that aggregation means that the class owns the object and shares reference. Lets assume an example where a company class holds a list of cars but departments of that company has list of cars used by them. class Department { list<Car> listOfCars; } class Company { list<Car> listOfCars; //initialization of the list } So in UML class diagram, I would do it like this. But I assume this is not allowed because it would imply that both company and department own the objects.. [COMPANY]<>------[CAR] [DEPARTMENT]<>---| //imagine this goes up to the car class

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• Learning how to design knowledge and data flow [closed]

  - by max

  In designing software, I spend a lot of time deciding how the knowledge (algorithms / business logic) and data should be allocated between different entities; that is, which object should know what. I am asking for advice about books, articles, presentations, classes, or other resources that would help me learn how to do it better. I code primarily in Python, but my question is not really language-specific; even if some of the insights I learn don't work in Python, that's fine. I'll give a couple examples to clarify what I mean. Example 1 I want to perform some computation. As a user, I will need to provide parameters to do the computation. I can have all those parameters sent to the "main" object, which then uses them to create other objects as needed. Or I can create one "main" object, as well as several additional objects; the additional objects would then be sent to the "main" object as parameters. What factors should I consider to make this choice? Example 2 Let's say I have a few objects of type A that can perform a certain computation. The main computation often involves using an object of type B that performs some interim computation. I can either "teach" A instances what exact parameters to pass to B instances (i.e., make B "dumb"); or I can "teach" B instances to figure out what needs to be done when looking at an A instance (i.e., make B "smart"). What should I think about when I'm making this choice?

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• High-Level Application Architecture Question

  - by Jesse Bunch

  So I'm really wanting to improve how I architect the software I code. I want to focus on maintainability and clean code. As you might guess, I've been reading a lot of resources on this topic and all it's doing is making it harder for me to settle on an architecture because I can never tell if my design is the one that the more experienced programmer would've chosen. So I have these requirements: I should connect to one vendor and download form submissions from their API. We'll call them the CompanyA. I should then map those submissions to a schema fit for submitting to another vendor for integration with the email service provider. We'll call them the CompanyB. I should then submit those responses to the ESP (CompanyB) and then instruct the ESP to send that submitter an email. So basically, I'm copying data from one web service to another and then performing an action at the latter web service. I've identified a couple high-level services: The service that downloads data from CompanyA. I called this the CompanyAIntegrator. The service that submits the data to CompanyB. I called this CompanyBIntegrator. So my questions are these: Is this a good design? I've tried to separate the concerns and am planning to use the facade pattern to make the integrators interchangeable if the vendors change in the future. Are my naming conventions accurate and meaningful to you (who knows nothing specific of the project)? Now that I have these services, where should I do the work of taking output from the CompanyAIntegrator and getting it in the format for input to the CompanyBIntegrator? Is this OK to be done in main()? Do you have any general pointers on how you'd code something like this? I imagine this scenario is common to us engineers---especially those working in agencies. Thanks for any help you can give. Learning how to architect well is really mind-cluttering.

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• Accessing a Class Member from a First-Class Function

  - by dbyrne

  I have a case class which takes a list of functions: case class A(q:Double, r:Double, s:Double, l:List[(Double)=>Double]) I have over 20 functions defined. Some of these functions have their own parameters, and some of them also use the q, r, and s values from the case class. Two examples are: def f1(w:Double) = (d:Double) => math.sin(d) * w def f2(w:Double, q:Double) = (d:Double) => d * q * w The problem is that I then need to reference q, r, and s twice when instantiating the case class: A(0.5, 1.0, 2.0, List(f1(3.0), f2(4.0, 0.5))) //0.5 is referenced twice I would like to be able to instantiate the class like this: A(0.5, 1.0, 2.0, List(f1(3.0), f2(4.0))) //f2 already knows about q! What is the best technique to accomplish this? Can I define my functions in a trait that the case class extends? EDIT: The real world application has 7 members, not 3. Only a small number of the functions need access to the members. Most of the functions don't care about them.

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• Base class -> Derived class and vice-versa conversions in C++

  - by Ivan Nikolaev

  Hi! I have the following example code: #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; class Event { public: string type; string source; }; class KeyEvent : public Event { public: string key; string modifier; }; class MouseEvent : public Event { public: string button; int x; int y; }; void handleEvent(KeyEvent e) { if(e.key == "ENTER") cout << "Hello world! The Enter key was pressed ;)" << endl; } Event generateEvent() { KeyEvent e; e.type = "KEYBOARD_EVENT"; e.source = "Keyboard0"; e.key = "SPACEBAR"; e.modifier = "none"; return e; } int main() { KeyEvent e = generateEvent(); return 0; } I can't compile it, G++ throws an error of kind: main.cpp: In function 'int main()': main.cpp:47:29: error: conversion from 'Event' to non-scalar type 'KeyEvent' requested I know that the error is obvious for C++ guru's, but I can't understand why I can't do the conversion from base class object to derived one. Can someone suggest me the solution of the problem that I have? Thx in advice

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• Templates for forms, tabs etc? - Patterntap alternatives

  - by Marco Demaio

  I used to find http://www.patterntap.com quite useful to get design inspiration for forms, tabs, and other web elements etc. Unfortunately after the ZURB acquisition of Patterntap now they enforce you to sign in with your Twitter account in order to simply view larger images of patterns provided by the crowd. So in some way it's not free anymore. Do you know of alternatives to patterntap that are free and you are not obliged to sign in?

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• Is It "Wrong"/Bad Design To Put A Thread/Background Worker In A Class?

  - by Jetti

  I have a class that will read from Excel (C# and .Net 4) and in that class I have a background worker that will load the data from Excel while the UI can remain responsive. My question is as follows: Is it bad design to have a background worker in a class? Should I create my class without it and use a background worker to operate on that class? I can't see any issues really of creating my class this way but then again I am a newbie so I figured I would make sure before I continue on. I hope that this question is relevant here as I don't think it should be on stackoverflow as my code works, this just a design issue.

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• 'abstract class' versus 'normal class' for a reusable library

  - by Greg

  I'm developing a reusable library and have been creating abstract classes, so the client can then extend from these. QUESTION: Is there any reason in fact I should use an abstract class here as opposed to just a normal class? Note - Have already decided I do not want to use interfaces as I want to include actual default methods in my library so the client using it doesn't have to write the code.

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• Expose subset of a class - design question

  - by thanikkal

  Suppose i have a product class with about close to 100 properties. Now for some operations (Say tax calculation) i dont really need this bulky product type, rather only a subset that has price related properties. I am not sure if i should create different snap shots(class) of products that just has the properties that i am interested in. what would be the ideal approach so that i don't unnecessarily pass around unsought fluff? Thanks in advance.

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• In database table design, how does "Virtual Goods" affect table design -- should we create an instan

  - by Jian Lin

  When we design a database table for a DVD rental company, we actually have a movie, which is an abstract idea, and a physical DVD, so for each rental, we have a many-to-many table with fields such as: TransactionID UserID DvdID RentedDate RentalDuration AmountPaid but what about with virtual goods? For example, if we let a user rent a movie online for 3 days, we don't actually have a DVD, so we may have a table: TransactionID UserID MovieID RentedDate RentalDuration AmountPaid should we create a record for each instance of "virtual good"? For example, what if this virtual good (the movie) can be authorized to be watched on 3 devices (with 3 device IDs), then should we then create a virtual good record in the VirtualGoods table, each with a VirtualGoodID and then another table that has VirtualGoodID DeviceID to match up the movie with the DeviceIDs? We can also just use the TransactionID as the VirtualGoodID. Are there circumstances where we may want to create a record to record this "virtual good" in a VirtualGoods table?

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• Choosing a design pattern for a class that might change it's internal attributes

  - by the_drow

  I have a class that holds arbitrary state and it's defined like this: class AbstractFoo { }; template <class StatePolicy> class Foo : public StatePolicy, public AbstractFoo { }; The state policy contains only protected attributes that represent the state. The state might be the same for multiple behaviors and they can be replaced at runtime. All Foo objects have the same interface to abstract the state itself and to enable storing Foo objects in containers. I would like to find the least verbose and the most maintainable way to express this.

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• What do you do if you reach a design dead-end in evolutionary methods like Agile or XP?

  - by Dipan Mehta

  As I was reading Martin Fowler's famous blog post Is Design Dead?, one of the striking impressions I got is that given the fact that in Agile Methodology and Extreme Programming, the design as well as programming is evolutionary, there are always points where things need to get refactored. It may be possible that when a programmer's level is good, and they understand design implications and don't make critical mistakes, the code continues to evolve. However, in a normal context, what is the ground reality in this context? In a normal day given some significant development goes into product, and when critical change occurs in requirement isn't it a constraint that how much ever we wish, fundamental design aspects cannot be modified? (without throwing away major part of the code). Is it not quite likely that one reaches dead-end on any further possible improvement on design and requirements? I am not advocating any non-Agile practice here, but I want to know from people who practice agile or iterative or evolutionary development methods, as for their real experiences. Have you ever reached such dead-ends? How have you managed to avoid it or escaped it? Or are there measures to ensure that design remains clean and flexible as it evolves?

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• USE case to Class Diagram - How do I?

  - by 01010011

  Hi, I would like your guidance on how to create classes and their relationships (generalization, association, aggregation and composition) accurately from my USE case diagram (please see below). I am trying to create this class diagram so I can use it to create a simple online PHP application that allows the user to register an account, login and logout, and store, search and retrieve data from a MySQL database. Are my classes correct? Or should I create more classes? And if so, what classes are missing? What relationships should I use when connecting the register, login, logout, search_database and add_to_database to the users? I'm new to design patterns and UML class diagrams but from my understanding, the association relationship relates one object with another object; the aggregation relationship is a special kind of association that allows "a part" to belong to more than one "whole" (e.g. a credit card and its PIN - the PIN class can also be used in a debit card class); and a composition relationship is a special form of aggregation that allows each part to belong to only one whole at a time. I feel like I have left out some classes or something because I just can't seem to find the relationships from my understanding of relationships. Any assistance will be really appreciated. Thanks in advance. USE CASE DIAGRAM CLASS DIAGRAM

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