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  • Windows Constants for Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C, and Ctrl+V

    - by Jonathan Wood
    I've got some older MFC code I wrote that I'm "freshening up" a bit. I have the following code in a window class' OnChar() handler. I really don't like using constants like 0x18. I'd like to make the code more readable. I know I can declare my own, but are there no Windows macros for these values? I couldn't find anything about this on the web. // Check for clipboard commands switch (nChar) { case 0x18: // Ctrl+X - Cut OnEditCut(); break; case 0x03: // Ctrl+C - Copy OnEditCopy(); break; case 0x16: // Ctrl+V - Paste OnEditPaste(); break; }

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  • Objective C - Constants with behaviour

    - by Akshay
    Hi, I'm new to Objective C. I am trying to define Constants which have behavior associated with them. So far I have done - @interface Direction : NSObject { NSString *displayName; } -(id)initWithDisplayName:(NSString *)aName; -(id)left; // returns West when North -(id)right; // return East when North @end @implementation Direction -(id)initWithDisplayName:(NSString *)aName { if(self = [super init]) { displayName = aName; } return self; } -(id)left {}; -(id)right {}; @end Direction* North = [Direction initWithDisplayName:@"North"]; // error - initializer element is not constant. This approach results in the indicated error. Is there a better way of doing this in Objective C.

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  • Strategy in storing ad-hoc numbers/constants?

    - by Jiho Han
    I have a need to store a number of ad-hoc figures and constants for calculation. These numbers change periodically but they are different type of values. One might be a balance, a money amount, another might be an interest rate, and yet another might be a ratio of some kind. These numbers are then used in a calculation that involve other more structured figures. I'm not certain what the best way to store these in a relational DB is - that's the choice of storage for the app. One way, I've done before, is to create a very generic table that stores the values as text. I might store the data type along with it but the consumer knows what type it is so, in situations I didn't even need to store the data type. This kind of works fine but I am not very fond of the solution. Should I break down each of the numbers into specific categories and create tables that way? For example, create Rates table, and Balances table, etc.?

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  • Assigning large UInt32 constants in VB.Net

    - by Kumba
    I inquired on VB's erratic behavior of treating all numerics as signed types back in this question, and from the accepted answer there, was able to get by. Per that answer: Visual Basic Literals Also keep in mind you can add literals to your code in VB.net and explicitly state constants as unsigned. So I tried this: Friend Const POW_1_32 As UInt32 = 4294967296UI And VB.NET throws an Overflow error in the IDE. Pulling out the integer overflow checks doesn't seem to help -- this appears to be a flaw in the IDE itself. This, however, doesn't generate an error: Friend Const POW_1_32 As UInt64 = 4294967296UL So this suggests to me that the IDE isn't properly parsing the code and understanding the difference between Int32 and UInt32. Any suggested workarounds and/or possible clues on when MS will make unsigned data types intrinsic to the framework instead of the hacks they currently are?

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  • dynamic access magic constants in php

    - by Radu
    Hello, Is there a way to shortcut this: function a($where){ echo $where; } function b(){ a(basename(__FILE__).'::'.__FUNCTION__.'()::'.__LINE__); } to something like this: define("__myLocation__", ''.basename(__FILE__).'::'.__FUNCTION__.'()::'.__LINE__.''); function a($where){ echo $where; } function b(){ a(__mYLocation_); } I know that this cannot be done with constants (is just an theoretical example), but I can't find a way to shorthen my code. If a use a function to get my line it will get the line where that function is not the line from where the function was called. I usualy call a function that prints directly to the log file, but in my log I need to know from where the function was called, so i use basename(__FILE__).'::'.__FUNCTION__.'()::'.__LINE__ this will print something like: index.php::b()::6 It is a lot of code when you have over 500 functions in different files. Is there a shorten or better way to do this? Thank you.

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  • Constants in Model and View with select option and show view

    - by caplod
    i have a some values ,that i use in my model as constants. class Animal < ActiveRecord::Base LEGS = {:vierbeiner => 4, :zweibeiner => 2 } end in the form (formtastic) for the collection i use: <%= f.input :legs, :as => :select, :collection => Animal::LEGS => but how do i format the show view so instead showing me the number , the key of the hash? in show view i have: <p> <strong>Legs:</strong> <%=h @animal.legs %> </p>

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  • Removing Unused (Unreferenced) Static Global Variable Constants in C++

    - by Synetech inc.
    Hi, I have a header file with a few common constants like names and stuff that are automatically included in each project (an example follows). The thing is that they are included in the compiled binary (EXE) whether they are used (referenced) or not. If I use DEFINEs instead, then naturally they are not included if they are not used, but of course consts are better than defines so… I tried Googling it, but the closest thing I could find was a question right here on SO that did not quite help. Matters of i18n aside, how can I keep the ones that are not used out of the binary, while still keeping it easy to use like this? Thanks. //COMMON.H: static const CString s_Company _T("Acme inc."); //etc. static const CString s_Digits _T("0123456789"); //TEST.CPP: #include common.h int main() { AfxMessageBox(s_Company); } //s_Company should be in the final EXE, but s_Digits should not be, but is

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  • Compare to a defined constants in C?

    - by J.W.
    I am trying to compare to a defined constants in C, and I have simplified my program to the following.. #include "stdio.h" #include "stdlib.h" #define INVALID_VALUE -999; int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) { int test=0; if(test==INVALID_VALUE) //The error line.. return INVALID_VALUE; return 0; }; And when I use gcc to compile. it gives out error "error: expected ‘)’ before ‘;’ token" Any reason that this cannot be done.

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  • Bitwise OR of constants

    - by ryyst
    While reading some documentation here, I came across this: unsigned unitFlags = NSYearCalendarUnit | NSMonthCalendarUnit | NSDayCalendarUnit; NSDateComponents *comps = [gregorian components:unitFlags fromDate:date]; I have no idea how this works. I read up on the bitwise operators in C, but I do not understand how you can fit three (or more!) constants inside one int and later being able to somehow extract them back from the int? Digging further down the documentation, I also found this, which is probably related: typedef enum { kCFCalendarUnitEra = (1 << 1), kCFCalendarUnitYear = (1 << 2), kCFCalendarUnitMonth = (1 << 3), kCFCalendarUnitDay = (1 << 4), kCFCalendarUnitHour = (1 << 5), kCFCalendarUnitMinute = (1 << 6), kCFCalendarUnitSecond = (1 << 7), kCFCalendarUnitWeek = (1 << 8), kCFCalendarUnitWeekday = (1 << 9), kCFCalendarUnitWeekdayOrdinal = (1 << 10), } CFCalendarUnit; How do the (1 << 3) statements / variables work? I'm sorry if this is trivial, but could someone please enlighten me by either explaining or maybe posting a link to a good explanation? Thanks! -- ry

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  • Beginner C++ - Trouble using global constants in a header file

    - by Francisco P.
    Hello! Yet another Scrabble project question... This is a simple one. It seems I am having trouble getting my global constants recognized: My board.h: http://pastebin.com/R10HrYVT Errors returned: 1>C:\Users\Francisco\Documents\FEUP\1A2S\PROG\projecto3\projecto3\Board.h(34): error: variable "TOTAL_ROWS" is not a type name 1> vector< vector<Cell> > _matrix(TOTAL_ROWS , vector<Cell>(TOTAL_COLUMNS)); 1> 1>main.cpp 1>compilation aborted for .\Game.cpp (code 2) 1>Board.cpp 1>.\Board.h(34): error: variable "TOTAL_ROWS" is not a type name 1> vector< vector<Cell> > _matrix(TOTAL_ROWS , vector<Cell>(TOTAL_COLUMNS)); 1> ^ 1> Why does this happen? Why is the compiler expecting types? Thanks for your time!

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  • using structures with multidimentional tables

    - by gem
    I have a table of structures and this structures are 2 dimentional table of constants. can you teach me on how to get the values in the table of constants. (note following is just example) typedef struct { unsigned char ** Type1; unsigned char ** Type2; } Formula; typedef struct { Formula tformula[size]; } table; const table Values = { (unsigned char**) &(default_val1), (unsigned char**) &(default_val2) }; const unsigned char default_val1[4][4] = { {0,1,2,3}, {4,5,6,7}, {8,9,0,11}, {12,13,14,15} } const unsigned char default_val2[4][4] = { {15,16,17,13}, {14,15,16,17}, {18,19,10,21}, {22,23,24,25} }

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  • What is the point of a constant in C#

    - by Adam
    Can anyone tell what is the point of a constant in C#? For example, what is the advantage of doing cosnt int months = 12; as opposed to int months = 12; I get that constants can't be changed, but then why not just... not change it's value after you initialize it?

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  • Getting template metaprogramming compile-time constants at runtime

    - by GMan - Save the Unicorns
    Background Consider the following: template <unsigned N> struct Fibonacci { enum { value = Fibonacci<N-1>::value + Fibonacci<N-2>::value }; }; template <> struct Fibonacci<1> { enum { value = 1 }; }; template <> struct Fibonacci<0> { enum { value = 0 }; }; This is a common example and we can get the value of a Fibonacci number as a compile-time constant: int main(void) { std::cout << "Fibonacci(15) = "; std::cout << Fibonacci<15>::value; std::cout << std::endl; } But you obviously cannot get the value at runtime: int main(void) { std::srand(static_cast<unsigned>(std::time(0))); // ensure the table exists up to a certain size // (even though the rest of the code won't work) static const unsigned fibbMax = 20; Fibonacci<fibbMax>::value; // get index into sequence unsigned fibb = std::rand() % fibbMax; std::cout << "Fibonacci(" << fibb << ") = "; std::cout << Fibonacci<fibb>::value; std::cout << std::endl; } Because fibb is not a compile-time constant. Question So my question is: What is the best way to peek into this table at run-time? The most obvious solution (and "solution" should be taken lightly), is to have a large switch statement: unsigned fibonacci(unsigned index) { switch (index) { case 0: return Fibonacci<0>::value; case 1: return Fibonacci<1>::value; case 2: return Fibonacci<2>::value; . . . case 20: return Fibonacci<20>::value; default: return fibonacci(index - 1) + fibonacci(index - 2); } } int main(void) { std::srand(static_cast<unsigned>(std::time(0))); static const unsigned fibbMax = 20; // get index into sequence unsigned fibb = std::rand() % fibbMax; std::cout << "Fibonacci(" << fibb << ") = "; std::cout << fibonacci(fibb); std::cout << std::endl; } But now the size of the table is very hard coded and it wouldn't be easy to expand it to say, 40. The only one I came up with that has a similiar method of query is this: template <int TableSize = 40> class FibonacciTable { public: enum { max = TableSize }; static unsigned get(unsigned index) { if (index == TableSize) { return Fibonacci<TableSize>::value; } else { // too far, pass downwards return FibonacciTable<TableSize - 1>::get(index); } } }; template <> class FibonacciTable<0> { public: enum { max = 0 }; static unsigned get(unsigned) { // doesn't matter, no where else to go. // must be 0, or the original value was // not in table return 0; } }; int main(void) { std::srand(static_cast<unsigned>(std::time(0))); // get index into sequence unsigned fibb = std::rand() % FibonacciTable<>::max; std::cout << "Fibonacci(" << fibb << ") = "; std::cout << FibonacciTable<>::get(fibb); std::cout << std::endl; } Which seems to work great. The only two problems I see are: Potentially large call stack, since calculating Fibonacci<2 requires we go through TableMax all the way to 2, and: If the value is outside of the table, it returns zero as opposed to calculating it. So is there something I am missing? It seems there should be a better way to pick out these values at runtime. A template metaprogramming version of a switch statement perhaps, that generates a switch statement up to a certain number? Thanks in advance.

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  • Using string constants in implicit conversion

    - by kornelijepetak
    Consider the following code: public class TextType { public TextType(String text) { underlyingString = text; } public static implicit operator String(TextType text) { return text.underlyingString; } private String underlyingString; } TextType text = new TextType("Something"); String str = text; // This is OK. But I want to be able do the following, if possible. TextType textFromStringConstant = "SomeOtherText"; I can't extend the String class with the TextType implicit operator overload, but is there any way to assign a literal string to another class (which is handled by a method or something)? String is a reference type so when they developed C# they obviously had to use some way to get a string literal to the class. I just hope it's not hardcoded into the language.

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  • How to declare NSString constants for passing to NSNotificationCenter

    - by synic
    I've got the following in my .h file: #ifndef _BALANCE_NOTIFICATION #define _BALANCE NOTIFICATION const NSString *BalanceUpdateNotification #endif and the following in my .m file: const NSString *BalanceUpdateNotification = @"BalanceUpdateNotification"; I'm using this with the following codes: [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(updateBalance:) name:BalanceUpdateNotification object:nil]; and [[NSNotificatoinCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:BalanceUpdateNotificatoin object:self userInfo:nil]; Which works, but it gives me a warning: Passing argument 1 of 'postNotificationName:object:userInfo' discards qualifiers from pointer target type So, I can cast it to (NSString *), but I'm wondering what the proper way to do this is.

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  • Precompile Lambda Expression Tree conversions as constants?

    - by Nathan
    It is fairly common to take an Expression tree, and convert it to some other form, such as a string representation (for example this question and this question, and I suspect Linq2Sql does something similar). In many cases, perhaps even most cases, the Expression tree conversion will always be the same, i.e. if I have a function public string GenerateSomeSql(Expression<Func<TResult, TProperty>> expression) then any call with the same argument will always return the same result for example: GenerateSomeSql(x => x.Age) //suppose this will always return "select Age from Person" GenerateSomeSql(x => x.Ssn) //suppose this will always return "select Ssn from Person" So, in essence, the function call with a particular argument is really just a constant, except time is wasted at runtime re-computing it continuously. Assuming, for the sake of argument, that the conversion was sufficiently complex to cause a noticeable performance hit, is there any way to pre-compile the function call into an actual constant?

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  • tchar safe functions -- count parameter for UTF-8 constants

    - by Dustin Getz
    I'm porting a library from char to TCHAR. the count parameter of this fragment, according to MSDN, is the number of multibyte characters, not the number of bytes. so, did I get this right? _tcsncmp(access, TEXT("ftp"), 3); //or do i want _tcsnccmp? "Supported on Windows platforms only, _mbsncmp and _mbsnbcmp are multibyte versions of strncmp. _mbsncmp will compare at most count multibyte characters and _mbsnbcmp will compare at most count bytes. They both use the current multibyte code page. _tcsnccmp and _tcsncmp are the corresponding Generic functions for _mbsncmp and _mbsnbcmp, respectively. _tccmp is equivalent to _tcsnccmp."

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  • Spring - using static final fields (constants) for bean initialization

    - by lisak
    Hey, is it possible to define a bean with the use of static final fields of CoreProtocolPNames class like this: <bean id="httpParamBean" class="org.apache.http.params.HttpProtocolParamBean"> <constructor-arg ref="httpParams"/> <property name="httpElementCharset" value="CoreProtocolPNames.HTTP_ELEMENT_CHARSET" /> <property name="version" value="CoreProtocolPNames.PROTOCOL_VERSION"> </bean> public interface CoreProtocolPNames { public static final String PROTOCOL_VERSION = "http.protocol.version"; public static final String HTTP_ELEMENT_CHARSET = "http.protocol.element-charset"; } If it is possible, what is the best way of doing this ?

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  • Delphi constants and references

    - by Sambatyon
    I want to pass constant references to functions in delphi, so I am sure that the referenced object won't change and to save time and memory. So I want to declare a function like function foo(var const Value : Bar) : Boolean; however this is not allowed. I thought constant values would be automatically sent as references. However I found out that it is not the case (getting the address of an object before sending it to the function gives me $12F50C and the address of the same object inside the function is $12F564) What can I do to send constant references?

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  • Information on Hook Constants

    - by dsaccount1
    Anyone can explain what these hooks do? Especially WH_MIN and WH_MAX. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms644959(VS.85).aspx WH_MIN = -1 WH_MSGFILTER = -1 WH_JOURNALRECORD = 0 WH_JOURNALPLAYBACK = 1 WH_KEYBOARD = 2 WH_GETMESSAGE = 3 WH_CALLWNDPROC = 4 WH_CBT = 5 WH_SYSMSGFILTER = 6 WH_MOUSE = 7 WH_HARDWARE = 8 WH_DEBUG = 9 WH_SHELL = 10 WH_FOREGROUNDIDLE = 11 WH_CALLWNDPROCRET = 12 WH_KEYBOARD_LL = 13 WH_MOUSE_LL = 14 WH_MAX = 15

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  • Spring MVC - JSP - Place to Store Environment Specific Constants

    - by jboyd
    Where in the Spring-MVC/JSP application would you store things that need to be accessed by both the controllers and views such as environment specific base_url's, application ids to be used in javascript and so on? I've tried creating an application scoped bean and then at the top of my JSPs, but that doesn't seem to be working. <!-- Environment --> <bean id="myEnv" class="com.myapp.MyAppEnvironment" scope="application"> <property name="baseUrl" value="http://localhost:8080/myapp/"/> <property name="videoPlayerId" value="234346565"/> </bean> And using it in the following manner <jsp:useBean id="myEnv" scope="application" type="com.myapp.MyAppEnvironment"/>

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