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• Write to stdin of a running process using pipe

  - by aditya

  I am in a similar situation as in this post But I couln't get the solution provided there to work in my situation as the answer seems related to that question only. In particular, I couldnt understand what was the purpose of cat my.fifo | nc remotehost.tld 10000 In my case, I have a process running and waiting for input. how can I send input to that process using named pipes? I've tried echo 'h' > /proc/PID/fd/0 it just displays 'h' on the process' window.

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• how to customize debian installation cd for your needs

  - by Frank

  I have with me a Debian CD, which I want to customize for my own needs. I have extracted the CD and started to change some parts of it, e.g Splash screen (splash.png) installer Title (through isolinux.cfg) etc These are the things that I want to do: Change the Splash logo at start up of installation to have my own (which is done) Change the grub boot parameters to use my comapny name on it. Change the set of packages in it, so that I can have my own set of packages in it and only those packages are installed Do some post installation steps Customize it's startup and login screen to have my company name. After I am done with this customization, I need to build its live installer CD so that I can install it on my own, on any other system.

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• Determine display or VNC session based on PID

  - by Daniel Kessler

  I frequently VNC into a server where we run many concurrent computationally intensive matlab processes. Sometimes, one of my processes misbehave, which I can see from top, but I have a hard time figuring out which VNC session it's running on, or more specifically, which display it's running on. Suppose I see that PID 8536 looks like a resource hog, and I want to investigate. Because it's a matlab session, I know there is likely an IDE open somewhere, and I want to check to see if anything important is happening before I kill it. We've solved this somewhat awkwardly in the past by identifying which PTY 8536 was launched from, then looking at a process tree to figure out things launched in that context, scrolling up, and seeing the VNC initialization. Seems like there must be a better way to go PID - X Display (or VNC Session).

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• Getting permission denied error

  - by JM4

  On my Media Temple DV 4.0 server I am getting permission denied errors: -bash: cd: httpdocs: Permission denied If I switch from my login user to sudo (sudo su) or switch to root using su-, I can access the directory with any issue. This is just my site's files directory though so not sure why I'm being denied. Additionally, I added my user to the visudo commands file with: user ALL=(ALL) ALL Any suggestions to what else could be the issue?

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• How can I upgrade Ubuntu from 9.10 to 10.04 on a netbook with a 4GB root partition?

  - by Blorgbeard

  I have an Asus EeePC 901, running Ubuntu 9.10. I'd like to upgrade it to 10.04. I don't want to reinstall, since I have a bunch of scripts and programs all set up. However, when I attempt to upgrade using sudo apt-get dist-upgrade, I get an error asking me to free up another ~600MB on /. My / is mounted on sda0, which is a 4GB SSD. I do not have 600MB worth of deletable stuff on /. I've emptied my trash, and done apt-get autoremove and apt-get clean. I do have plenty of space in /home, mounted on sda1 (a 16GB SSD). Is there some way I can tell apt-get to use a different download/temp directory?

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• What exactly interpret #!/bin/bash line?

  - by vava

  Many scripts in different languages have a #!/bin/bash header with a path to interpreter, so they can be executed without explicit call to interpreter from command line. But what exactly reads this line and run the interpreter, is it shell or kernel?

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• Rails /tmp/cache/assets permissions issue using Debian virtual machine hosted on OS X Lion

  - by Jim

  I am running Parallels Desktop 7 on OS X Lion. I have a VM with Debian installed, and inside that VM I setup a Rails development environment. I am using Parallels Tools to share out my OS X home directory to the VM - the goal here is to run the Rails server on the VM, but host the files on OS X (so they are automatically backed up, and so I can use tools like Textmate to develop with). Everything seems to work with the shared directory - my Debian user can read, write, and execute files. However, when I cloned a recent Rails project from Git, I got an error message when it tried to compile the CSS assets. My symptoms are exactly the same as in the question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7556774/rails-sprocket-error-compiling-css-assest-chown-issue I believe this is permissions-based, but it is really weird. My entire Rails project directory has permissions set to 777 and my Debian user owns it. If I navigate into /tmp/cache/assets, those permissions are the same. However, the three-character directories Rails is creating (DCE, DA1, D05, etc...) are being created without write permissions! If I refresh the Rails page a few times, about 4 or 5 (with Rails creating new three-character directories every time), eventually it will create one of the directories with the proper 777 permissions and everything will work! This will persist until I make a change to the CSS files and it has to recompile. Does anyone have any idea what might be going on here? I can't fathom why it is creating temp directories with incorrect permissions, or why after a few refreshes the good permissions kick in and it works... It definitely seems to be an issue with the share, since if I move the project into a different directory on the VM, it seems to work fine. On the OS X side, I've given the shared folder 777 permissions as well, but no dice...any ideas? Update I've found that the number of times I need to refresh before it works is not random - it has to do with how many assets are being compiled. For example, if I edit one of my CSS files, and there are four CSS files in the app/assets/stylesheets directory, I have to refresh four times before the app will finally work without the operation not permitted error...

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• What's going on with my server? High load, lots of idle CPU time, low disk utilization

  - by Jonathan

  I run a web site and send a legitimate opt-in, daily email newsletter to subscribers. Both the web hosting and email sending are done by the same machine. I have about 100,000 subscribers who have opted in to my daily email newsletter. My PHP script did a pretty good job sending mail to all of them until fairly recently, but as the list has grown I can't keep up. When I run top, I have very high load--usually at least 6 or 7, sometimes as high as 15--even though I only have two CPUs. However, when I run sar, my CPU is idle an average of about 30% of the time. So, it seems I'm not CPU bound. When I run iostat, it seems as though I'm not disk bound because my %util for each device is very low (no more than 5%). Given that I don't seem to be CPU bound or disk bound, why is top reporting such high load? Additionally, since I don't seem to be CPU bound or disk bound, why is my email sending script not able to keep up? Here's what I see when running top: top - 11:33:28 up 74 days, 18:49, 2 users, load average: 7.65, 8.79, 8.28 Tasks: 168 total, 5 running, 162 sleeping, 0 stopped, 1 zombie Cpu(s): 38.9%us, 58.6%sy, 0.8%ni, 0.0%id, 0.7%wa, 0.2%hi, 0.8%si, 0.0%st Mem: 3083012k total, 2144436k used, 938576k free, 281136k buffers Swap: 2048248k total, 39164k used, 2009084k free, 1470412k cached Here's what I see when running iostat -mx: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 34.80 1.20 55.24 0.37 0.00 8.38 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rMB/s wMB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 0.19 71.70 1.59 29.45 0.02 0.07 5.90 0.55 17.82 1.16 3.59 sda1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.10 0.00 13.80 13.72 0.00 sda2 0.05 50.45 1.13 24.57 0.01 0.29 24.25 0.35 13.43 1.15 2.97 sda3 0.05 10.17 0.20 2.33 0.01 0.05 43.75 0.05 20.96 2.45 0.62 sda4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 70.50 70.50 0.00 sda5 0.07 0.22 0.03 0.07 0.00 0.00 32.84 0.08 856.19 8.03 0.08 sda6 0.02 5.45 0.03 0.72 0.00 0.02 67.55 0.02 26.72 5.26 0.39 sda7 0.00 1.56 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.01 38.04 0.00 8.88 5.84 0.24 sda8 0.01 3.84 0.20 1.35 0.00 0.02 28.55 0.05 31.90 4.08 0.63 Here's what I see when running sar: 09:40:02 AM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 09:50:01 AM all 30.59 1.01 49.80 0.23 0.00 18.37 10:00:08 AM all 31.73 0.92 51.66 0.13 0.00 15.55 10:10:06 AM all 30.43 0.99 48.94 0.26 0.00 19.38 10:20:01 AM all 29.58 1.00 47.76 0.25 0.00 21.42 10:30:01 AM all 29.37 1.02 47.30 0.18 0.00 22.13 10:40:06 AM all 32.50 1.01 52.94 0.16 0.00 13.39 10:50:01 AM all 30.49 1.00 49.59 0.15 0.00 18.77 11:00:01 AM all 29.43 0.99 47.71 0.17 0.00 21.71 11:10:07 AM all 30.26 0.93 49.48 0.83 0.00 18.50 11:20:02 AM all 29.83 0.81 48.51 1.32 0.00 19.52 11:30:06 AM all 31.18 0.88 51.33 1.15 0.00 15.47 Average: all 26.21 1.15 42.62 0.48 0.00 29.54 Here are the top handful of processes listed at the particular time I happened to run top -c: PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 8180 mysql 16 0 57448 19m 2948 S 26.6 0.7 4702:26 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/ --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/bristno.pid --skip-external-locking 26956 brristno 17 0 0 0 0 Z 8.0 0.0 0:00.24 [php] <defunct> 26958 brristno 17 0 94408 43m 37m R 5.0 1.4 0:00.15 /usr/bin/php /home/brristno/public_html/dbv.php 22852 nobody 16 0 9628 2900 1524 S 0.7 0.1 0:00.17 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 8591 brristno 34 19 96896 13m 6652 S 0.3 0.4 0:29.82 /usr/local/bin/php /home/brristno/bin/mailer.php 1qwqyb6 i0gbor 24469 nobody 16 0 9628 2880 1508 S 0.3 0.1 0:00.08 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 25495 nobody 15 0 9628 2876 1500 S 0.3 0.1 0:00.06 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 26149 nobody 15 0 9628 2864 1504 S 0.3 0.1 0:00.04 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL

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• Smokeping monitoring IP address and port

  - by bob

  Hi I have successfully install smokeping on my Ubuntu Karmic machine and am monitoring servers. I need to be able to monitor an IP address and a port, can someone tell me how I do that? I looked into Smokeping::probes::TCPPing but I cannot find how to install TCPPing Any help would be much appreciated Thanks

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• Port forwarding not working properly

  - by sudo work

  I'm trying to host a small web server from my home network; however, I have not been able to successfully port forward ports to the local server. My current network topology looks like this: Cable Modem/Router - Secondary Wireless Router - Many computers (including server) The modem/router I'm using is a Cisco (Scientific Atlantic) DPC2100, provided by my ISP. The wireless router that I'm using as the central hub to my home network is a Linksys E3000. The computer being used as a server is running Ubuntu 10.04 Server Edition. The main issue is that I can't access the server remotely, using my WAN IP address. I have port forwarded my wireless router; however, I believe that I need to somehow set my modem to bridge mode. As far as I can tell though, this isn't possible. Here are the various IP address settings: DPC2100 WAN: 69.xxx.xxx.xxx Internal IP: 192.168.100.1 Internal Network: 192.168.7.0 E3000 IP Address: 192.168.7.2 Gateway: 192.168.7.1 Internal IP: 192.168.1.1 Internal Network: 192.168.1.0 Server IP Address: 192.168.1.123 Gateway: 192.168.1.1 Now I can do an nmap at various nodes, and here are the results (from the server): nmap localhost: 22,25,53,80,110,139,143,445,631,993,995,3306,5432,8080 open nmap 192.168.7.2: 22,25,80 (filtered),110,139,445 open (ports I have forwarded in the E3000)* nmap 69.xxx.xxx.xxx: 1720 open *For some reason, I can SSH into the server at 192.168.7.2, but not view the website. Here are also some other settings: /etc/hosts/ 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.1.1 servername ::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback fe00::0 ip6-localnet ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ff02::2 ip6-allrouters /etc/apache2/sites-available/default snippet <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /srv/www/ <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> ... </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> ... </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> ... </Directory> </VirtualHost> Let me know if you need any other information; some stuff probably slipped my mind.

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• ~/.profile does not run on startup

  - by pocoa

  I want to run some scripts at system startup, so in ~/.profile file, I've added: WORKSPACE="~/Development/workspace" alias workspace="cd $WORKSPACE" So I want this "workspace" alias to be available after the startup. Maybe it's not the right place to define these variables.

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• scp to remote servers stalls, unable to isolate cause

  - by Rolf

  When I copy a large file (100+mb) to a remote server using scp it slows down from 2.7 mb/s to 100 kb/s and downward and then stalls. The problem is that I can't seem to isolate the problem. I've tried 2 different remote servers, using 2 local machines (1 osx, 1 windows/cygwin), using 2 different networks/isps and 2 different scp clients. All combinations give the problem except when I copy between the two remote servers (scp). Using wireshark I could not detect any traffic volume that would congest the network (although about 7 packets/sec with NBNS requests from the osx machine). What in the world could be going on? Given the combinations I've used there doesn't seem to be any overlap in the thing that could be causing the trouble.

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• installing software configure.in

  - by ant2009

  Hello, Fedora 12 2.6.32.9-70.fc12.i686 I have downloaded kdirstat from cvs. And I want to compile and install it. However, there is no configure script file. The only file I have is a configure.in.in. How can I create the configure script file? Many thanks for any advice,

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• Tar dereference only 1 level

  - by Bart van Heukelom

  I use the following pseudo-script to create a TAR of my installed software mkdir tmp ln -s /path/to/app1/bin tmp/app1 ln -s /and/path/going/to/the-app-2 tmp/app2 tar -c --dereference -f apps.tar tmp I need the --dereference option here to follow the links I just made in tmp. The reason I make the links in the first place is to store the directories with a different name in the archive than they have on the filesystem. Until now it has worked fine. However, I now have the situation that /path/to/app1 also contains links, and those I don't want to follow. Is this possible with some changes to the tar command? Or do I need to completely switch around the way I build the archive?

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• Using mongodump with an auth enabled mongodb server

  - by bb-generation

  I'm trying to do a daily backup of my mongodb server (auth enabled) using the mongodump tool. mongodump provides two parameters to set the credentials: -u [ --username ] arg username -p [ --password ] arg password Unfortunately they don't provide any parameter to read the password from stdin. Therefore everytime I run this command, everyone on the server can read the password (e.g. by using ps aux). The only workaround I have found is stopping the database and directly accessing the database files using the --dbpath parameter. Is there any other solution which allows me to backup the mongodb database without stopping the server and without "publishing" my password? I am using Debian squeeze 6.0.5 amd64 with mongodb 1.4.4-3.

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• Can't compile software from source while attached to screen session.

  - by spams

  When I'm attached to screen session software doesn't compile with error message that it can't find some subdirectory (that exists) under directory structure of extracted tarball. When I detach from screen session and try to compile same software it compiles without errors. What could be wrong?

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• SSH does not allow the use of a key with group readable permissions

  - by scjr

  I have a development git server that deploys to a live server when the live branch is pushed to. Every user has their own login and therefore the post-receive hook which does the live deployment is run under their own user. Because I don't want to have to maintain the users public keys as authorized keys on the remote live server I have made up a set of keys that 'belong's to the git system to add to remote live servers (In the post-receive hook I am using $GIT_SSH to set the private key with the -i option). My problem is that because of all the users might want to deploy to live, the git system's private key has to be at least group readable and SSH really doesn't like this. Here's a sample of the error: XXXX@XXXX /srv/git/identity % ssh -i id_rsa XXXXX@XXXXX @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @ WARNING: UNPROTECTED PRIVATE KEY FILE! @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Permissions 0640 for 'id_rsa' are too open. It is required that your private key files are NOT accessible by others. This private key will be ignored. bad permissions: ignore key: id_rsa I've looked around expecting to find something in the way of forcing ssh to just go through with the connection but I've found nothing but people blindly saying that you just shouldn't allow access to anything but a single user.

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• Is Joerg Schilling's "sdd" a full replacement for "dd"

  - by fishtoprecords

  I'm trying to use 'sdd' on my Debian system, and can't get one set of options to work. They do work in 'dd' so I am wondering if I am specifying them incorrectly, or if sdd didn't implement them, or something else. What I want to do is sdd if=/dev/hdh1 of=/bay5/imagebay1 bs=4096 conv=sync,noerror if I leave out the "conv=..." option, it works, or at least starts copying data. sdd if=/dev/hdh1 of=/bay5/imagebay1 bs=4096 Can you shed a bit of light?

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• Send command through PuTTY automatic login

  - by Arthur

  I am using the following to login automatically to a remote server and then run commands listed in a commands.txt, like this: C:\path to\putty.exe -ssh adreese.ip -l user -pw Password -m C:\Path to\command.txt commands.txt contains the following: wakeonlan -i broadcast adress Macadress However, when I try to do so a new window for PuTTY appears, but it closes and exits instantly after login. As a result, I cannot see the output of the command(s). After a several tests, it appears that the command is not execute , cause my computer doesn't "wake on lan". I don't understand what's going on here ? I cannot use the plink.exe program cause I cannot make connection with public key ( too much distant site for doing all the registration keys in putty ) Can someone help me with this ? Or can i use another program to make ssh connection and send command with script from a windows os? Edit : I also try to make a bash file in the distant server with the same command and execute it from the session like this : C:\path to\putty.exe -ssh adreese.ip -l user -pw Password \home\user\script.sh Ihave the same problem... Need help please : /

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• Formatting pwd/ls for use with scp

  - by eumiro

  I have two terminal windows with bash. One is local on the client computer, another one has an SSH-session on the server. On the server, I am in a directory and seeing a file I would like to copy to my client using scp from the client. On the server I see: user@server:/path$ ls filename filename I can now type scp in the client shell, select and copy the user@server:/path from the server shell and paste to the client shell, then type slash and copy and paste the filename and append a dot to get: user@client:~$ scp user@server:/path/filename . to scp a file from the server to the client. Now I am searching for a command on the server, that would work like this: user@server:/path$ special_ls filename user@server:/path/filename which would give me the complete scp-ready string to copy&paste to the client shell. Something in the form echo $USER@$HOSTNAME:${pwd}/$filename working with relative/absolute paths. Is there any such command/switch combination or do I have to hack it myself? Thank you very much.

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• How to force rsync to use destination directory as root

  - by thepurplepixel

  I have a simple script to one-way-sync files/folders within a directory: #!/bin/bash HOST='<hostname>' USER='<username>' DIR='/downloads/' SOURCE='/srv/torrents' rsync -e "ssh -l $USER" --remove-source-files -h -4 -r --stats --progress -i $SOURCE $HOST:$DIR find $SOURCE -type d -empty -prune -exec rmdir -p \{\} \; However, when this rsync operation runs, it creates a folder, torrents in /downloads on the destination machine. How can I force rsync to put all folders & files from /srv/torrents (remote) into /downloads/ (local) instead of creating /downloads/torrents as a separate directory?

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• Error handling pppd configuration?

  - by Sebastian

  I have a computer, running ubuntu, that I want to be connected to the network at all times. It has a GSM modem connected to it via USB. Is there some program available that monitors that the networking is working (by pinging some site(s)), and if not tries to fix the error by reseting the modem, reloading the USB drivers and perhaps by dropping the USB port's current (if possible) to force the modem to reset ?

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• MTD mtd3ro backup returns BCH decoding failed

  - by saeed144

  While doing a kernel backup of an mtd (Memory Technology Device) from /dev/mtd/mtd3ro of a TI board gives many "BCH decoding failed", Here are system info #cat /proc/mtd dev: size erasesize name mtd0: 00080000 00020000 "X-Loader" mtd1: 00140000 00020000 "U-Boot" mtd2: 000c0000 00020000 "U-Boot Env" mtd3: 00500000 00020000 "Kernel" mtd4: 1f880000 00020000 "File System" here is the method used, dd if=/dev/mtd/mtd3ro of=/data/local/tmp/mtd3.bin doing a cat also returns the same error, and here is the error, BCH decoding failed BCH decoding failed yes, the destination has enough space ;) tell me what do you think? Thanks

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• DEBIAN repository signing: a step-by-step guide.

  - by jldupont

  I've got many DEBIAN repository for my projects (e.g. EPAPI, erlang-dbus etc.). It seems that now Synaptic wants those to be signed for the packages to appear by default. For the DEBIAN kung-fu masters out there, please provide me with a step-by-step guide to achieving this, please. I've googled a lot but I am still a bit confused on the subject. update: I use a Launchpad PPA now... saves me from all this trouble.

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• Understanding connection tracking in iptables

  - by Matt

  I'm after some clarification of the state/connection tracking in iptables. What is the difference between these rules? iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT Is connection tracking turned on when a packet is first matched containing -m state --state BLA , or is connection tracking always on? Can/Should connection state be used for fast matching like below? e.g. suppose this is some sort of router/firewall (no nat). # Default DROP policy iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P OUTPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD DROP # Drop invalid iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # Accept established,related connections iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allow ssh through, track connection iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --syn --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT

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