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  • SQLiteException Unknown error

    - by -providergeoff.bruckner
    Does anyone know what this means? I'm trying to start a transaction in onActivityResult() to insert a row based on the received result. 03-05 15:39:51.937: ERROR/Database(2387): Failure 21 (out of memory) on 0x0 when preparing 'BEGIN EXCLUSIVE;'. 03-05 15:39:51.967: DEBUG/AndroidRuntime(2387): Shutting down VM 03-05 15:39:51.967: WARN/dalvikvm(2387): threadid=3: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x40013140) 03-05 15:39:51.967: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(2387): Uncaught handler: thread main exiting due to uncaught exception 03-05 15:39:52.137: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(2387): java.lang.RuntimeException: Failure delivering result ResultInfo{who=null, request=1, result=-1, data=Intent { (has extras) }} to activity {com.ozdroid/com.ozdroid.load.LoadView}: android.database.sqlite.SQLiteException: unknown error: BEGIN EXCLUSIVE; ... 03-05 15:39:52.137: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(2387): Caused by: android.database.sqlite.SQLiteException: unknown error: BEGIN EXCLUSIVE; ... 03-05 15:39:52.137: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(2387): at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.beginTransaction(SQLiteDatabase.java:434)

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  • A JTAG emulator for use with a Hawkboard and OpenOCD?

    - by David Brown
    I'd like to try bare metal ARM programming with the Hawkboard, but the deployment process looks awful. I'm totally new to this, so I could be misunderstanding the instructions, but it appears that I have to use a program called AISgen to convert the binary file, then boot with u-Boot over UART and copy the AIS binary into memory. Not only is that a lot of stuff to do every time I make a change, it also doesn't give me the ability to debug with GDB. The best solution for this that I can find is JTAG. But the prices for these JTAG emulators look ridiculous. I'm not even sure which ones will work with the Hawkboard and which ones won't. So far, my best bet appears to be the Flyswatter, but the pin layout is different. Basically, I need something that's relatively cheap and works with the Hawkboard and OpenOCD. Any suggestions? Or is there another way I could do this, perhaps?

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  • How to handle a C# console application terminating?

    - by Nick R
    If I have a console application, is there any way I can handle the following: Ctrl-C (I know the answer to this. Using Console.TreatControlCAsInput and Console.CancelKeyPress) Session termination, such as when someone logs off Process exit, such as when someone uses the task manager to close the application. I know that if I was writing a unix application, I would handle various signals to catch the request to close (SIGTERM from memory), but I also know I need to handle these messages pretty quickly and exit before the system does a kill -9 (SIGKILL). But for a C# console application, I'm not sure how to do this.

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  • Optimizing a large iteration of PHP objects (EAV-based)

    - by Aron Rotteveel
    I am currently working on a project that utilizes the EAV model. This turns out to work quite well, but like many others I am now stumbling upon some performance issues. The data set in this particular case consists of aproximately 2500 entities, each with aprox. 150 attributes. Each entity and each attribute is represented by a PHP-object. Since most parts of the application only iterate through a filtered set of entities, we have not had very large issues yet. Now, however, I am working on an algorithm that requires iteration over the entire dataset, which causes a major impact on performance. This information is perhaps not very much to work with, but since this is an architectural problem, I am hoping for a architectural pattern to help me on the way as well. Each entity, including it's attributes takes up aprox. 500KB of memory.

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  • Someone is using the struct name as a variable name too. What does the code really say? (c++)

    - by EvilTeach
    This morning we found an old chunk of code that was causing a library call to crash. struct fred { int a; int b; int c; }; fred fred[MAX_SIZE+1]; memset( fred, 0, sizeof(fred) * MAX_SIZE+1 ); It appears that the sizeof(fred) may have been the full array size, rather than the structure size, as it was overwriting a great deal of memory. The fact that it compiled without warning on several different systems seemed odd. Is there a correct semantic for this case where the type and variable name are colliding? or is this some sort of undefined behavior? or just a defect? I haven't been been clever enough to find anything on Google or our language help. Thanks Evil

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  • Custom ASP.NET MVC cache controllers in a shared hosting environment?

    - by Daniel Crenna
    I'm using custom controllers that cache static resources (CSS, JS, etc.) and images. I'm currently working with a hosting provider that has set me up under a full trust profile. Despite being in full trust, my controllers fail because the caching strategy relies on the File class to directly open a resource file prior to treatment and storage in memory. Is this something that would likely occur in all full trust shared hosting environments or is this specific to my host? The static files live within my application's structure and not in an arbitrary server path. It seems to me that custom caching would require code to access the file directly, and am hoping someone else has dealt with this issue.

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  • Advanced Java book in the lines of CLR via c# or C# in Depth?

    - by devoured elysium
    I want to learn about how things work in depth in Java. Coming from a c# background, there were a couple of very good books that go really deep in c# (C# in depth, CLR via c#, just to name the most popular). Is there anything like that in Java? I searched it up on amazon but nothing seemed to go that deep in Java as the two above go in c#. I don't want to know more about specific classes, or how to use this library or that other library, I want to learn how the objects are created on memory, how they get created on the stack, heap, etc. A more fundamental knowledge, let's say. I've read some chapters of Effective Java and The Java Programming Language but they don't seem to go so deep as I'd want them to go. Maybe there are other people that know both c# and Java that have read any of the referred books and know any that might be useful? Thanks

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  • loading mp3 from file using random access to flash.media.Sound

    - by Irfan Mulic
    We are migrating application from Delphi to Flex (Air) that plays mp3 files from random access big file. it has positions and sizes to extract mp3 data to FileStream-MemoryStream and then we use bass.dll to play it from memory stream. Now I have to play those same mp3's in flex but I am not sure how... I was reading something similar for reading/writing data using ByteArray from here but how to apply it to flash.media.Sound ? http://livedocs.adobe.com/flex/3/html/help.html?content=ByteArrays_2.html Any help?

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  • C++ Static array vs. Dynamic array?

    - by user69514
    What is the difference between a static array and a dynamic array in C++? I have to do an assignment for my class and it says not to use static arrays, only dynamic arrays. I've looked in the book and online, but I don't seem to understand. I thought static was created at compile time and dynamic at runtime, but I might be mistaken this with memory allocation. Can you explain to me the difference between static array and dynamic array in C++? Thnaks.

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  • Java OutOfMemoryError strange behaviour

    - by Evgeniy Dorofeev
    Assuming we have a max memory of 256M, why does this code work: public static void main(String... args) { for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) { byte[] a1 = new byte[150000000]; } byte[] a2 = new byte[150000000]; } but this one throw an OOME? public static void main(String... args) { //for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) { byte[] a1 = new byte[150000000]; } byte[] a2 = new byte[150000000]; }

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  • How can I get this code involving unique_ptr to compile?!

    - by Neil G
    #include <vector> #include <memory> using namespace std; class A { public: A(): i(new int) {} A(A const& a) = delete; A(A &&a): i(move(a.i)) {} unique_ptr<int> i; }; class AGroup { public: void AddA(A &&a) { a_.emplace_back(move(a)); } vector<A> a_; }; int main() { AGroup ag; ag.AddA(A()); return 0; } does not compile... (says that unique_ptr's copy constructor is deleted) I tried replacing move with forward. Not sure if I did it right, but it didn't work for me.

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  • Application crash when using an NSTimer and pushViewController

    - by Cesar
    I'm using an NSTimer to implement a 3 seconds splash screen. If a don't use a timer the view it's correctly pushed but if I use the timer for adding a little delay the application crash with a EXC_BAD_ACCESS. I'm pretty sure the answer contains "memory management" but I can't get the point... @interface RootViewController : UIViewController { NSTimer *timer; } -(void)changeView:(NSTimer*)theTimer; @property(nonatomic,retain) NSTimer *timer; ... @implementation RootViewController @synthesize timer; - (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewDidAppear:animated]; [[self navigationController] setNavigationBarHidden:YES]; timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:3.0 target:self selector:@selector(changeView:) userInfo:nil repeats:NO]; } -(void)changeView:(NSTimer*)theTimer { NSLog(@"timer fired"); //Crash here, but only if called using a timer [[self navigationController] pushViewController:list animated:YES]; }

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  • How to prevent a globally overridden "new" operator from being linked in from external library

    - by mprudhom
    In our iPhone XCode 3.2.1 project, we're linking in 2 external static C++ libraries, libBlue.a and libGreen.a. libBlue.a globally overrides the "new" operator for it's own memory management. However, when we build our project, libGreen.a winds up using libBlue's new operator, which results in a crash (presumably because libBlue.a is making assumptions about the kinds of structures being allocated). Both libBlue.a and libGreen.a are provided by 3rd parties, so we can't change any of their source code or build options. When we remove libBlue.a from the project, libGreen.a doesn't have any issues. However, no amount of shuffling the linking order of the libraries seems to fix the problem, nor does any experimentation with the various linking flags. Is there some way to tell XCode to tell the linker to "have libGreen's use of the new operator use the standard C++ new operator rather than the one redefined by libBlue"?

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  • Problem with SqlServer 2005 when opening connections

    - by Jose Obregon
    I have a Winforms application and I use EntLib to connect to a SQL Server 2005 DB. The application is working ok, but sometimes, and lately more often, we have started receiving this error from the db when opening the connection: A connection was successfully established with the server, but then an error occurred during the login process. (provider: Shared Memory Provider, error: 0 - No process is on the other end of the pipe.) (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 233) The problem is intermittent. The user works well for a couple of hours and then suddenly the exception is thrown. Sometimes it happens when we run a small process that loads a file and then inserts the data to the db.

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  • How do laziness and I/O work together in Haskell?

    - by Bill
    I'm trying to get a deeper understanding of laziness in Haskell. I was imagining the following snippet today: data Image = Image { name :: String, pixels :: String } image :: String -> IO Image image path = Image path <$> readFile path The appeal here is that I could simply create an Image instance and pass it around; if I need the image data it would be read lazily - if not, the time and memory cost of reading the file would be avoided: main = do image <- image "file" putStrLn $ length $ pixels image But is that how it actually works? How is laziness compatible with IO? Will readFile be called regardless of whether I access pixels image or will the runtime leave that thunk unevaluated if I never refer to it? If the image is indeed read lazily, then isn't it possible I/O actions could occur out of order? For example, what if immediately after calling image I delete the file? Now the putStrLn call will find nothing when it tries to read.

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  • LNK1106 with big binary resource

    - by E Dominique
    I have a rather huge .dat-file (896MB) included as a BIN resource in my project. Now I get a LNK1106 link error ("fatal error LNK1106: invalid file or disk full: cannot seek to 0x382A3920".) I use Visual Studio 2005 under Windows XP, and have tried on a 4GB RAM machine with high Virtual Memory settings and lots of disk space. I have tried a number of different optimization flags, but to no avail. Does anyone have a clue? EDIT: I have narrowed it down to a specific size of the compiled resource. If the .res file is 544078588 bytes (about 518.9MB) or larger, the error occurs. If it is smaller it works just fine. Still no solution, though...

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  • HTTP status code for "success with errors"?

    - by Richard Levasseur
    I've poked around a bit, but I don't see an HTTP status code for when a request's succeeds, but there is an error after the "point of no return". e.g., Say you process a request, its committed to the database, but while returning the result you run of memory, or encounter a NPE, or what have you. It would have been a 200 response, but now, internally, you aren't able to return the proper, well-formed response. 202 Accepted doesn't seem to fit since we've already processed the request. What status code means "Success, but errors"? Does one even exist?

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  • RHEL 6.x on Rackspace Cloud and Dedicated hardware experiencing Redis Timeouts

    - by zhallett
    I just recently set up a mixture of RHEL 6.1 Rackspace cloud hosts and RHEL 6.2 dedicated hosts using Rackconnect. I am experiencing intermittent Redis timeouts from within our Rails 3.2.8 app with Redis 2.4.16 running on the RHEL 6.2 dedicated hosts. There is no network latency or packet loss. Also there are no errors on any interfaces on our cloud or dedicated servers or on the managed firewall from Rackspace. When Redis timesout, there is nothing logged within redis even though it is set up to do debug logging. The only error we receive is from Airbrake saying there was a Redis timeout. Network topology: RHEL 6.1 cloud hosts <--> Alert logic IDS <--> Cisco ASA 5510 <--> RHEL 6.2 dedicated hosts (web nodes) (two way NAT) (db hosts running redis) Ping from db host to web host: 64 bytes from 10.181.230.180: icmp_seq=998 ttl=64 time=0.520 ms 64 bytes from 10.181.230.180: icmp_seq=999 ttl=64 time=0.579 ms 64 bytes from 10.181.230.180: icmp_seq=1000 ttl=64 time=0.482 ms --- web1.xxxxxx.com ping statistics --- 1000 packets transmitted, 1000 received, 0% packet loss, time 999007ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.359/0.535/5.684/0.200 ms Ping from web host to db host: 64 bytes from 192.168.100.26: icmp_seq=998 ttl=64 time=0.544 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.100.26: icmp_seq=999 ttl=64 time=0.452 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.100.26: icmp_seq=1000 ttl=64 time=0.529 ms --- data1.xxxxxx.com ping statistics --- 1000 packets transmitted, 1000 received, 0% packet loss, time 999017ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.358/0.499/6.120/0.201 ms Redis config: daemonize yes pidfile /var/run/redis/6379/redis_6379.pid port 6379 timeout 0 loglevel debug logfile /var/lib/redis/log syslog-enabled yes syslog-ident redis-6379 syslog-facility local0 databases 16 save 900 1 save 300 10 save 60 10000 rdbcompression yes dbfilename dump-6379.rdb dir /var/lib/redis maxclients 10000 maxmemory-policy volatile-lru maxmemory-samples 3 appendfilename appendonly-6379.aof appendfsync everysec no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100 auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb slowlog-log-slower-than 10000 slowlog-max-len 1024 vm-enabled no vm-swap-file /tmp/redis.swap vm-max-memory 0 vm-page-size 32 vm-pages 134217728 vm-max-threads 4 hash-max-zipmap-entries 512 hash-max-zipmap-value 64 list-max-ziplist-entries 512 list-max-ziplist-value 64 set-max-intset-entries 512 zset-max-ziplist-entries 128 zset-max-ziplist-value 64 activerehashing yes Redis-cli info: redis-cli info redis_version:2.4.16 redis_git_sha1:00000000 redis_git_dirty:0 arch_bits:64 multiplexing_api:epoll gcc_version:4.4.6 process_id:4174 uptime_in_seconds:79346 uptime_in_days:0 lru_clock:1064644 used_cpu_sys:13.08 used_cpu_user:19.81 used_cpu_sys_children:1.56 used_cpu_user_children:7.69 connected_clients:167 connected_slaves:0 client_longest_output_list:0 client_biggest_input_buf:0 blocked_clients:6 used_memory:15060312 used_memory_human:14.36M used_memory_rss:22061056 used_memory_peak:15265928 used_memory_peak_human:14.56M mem_fragmentation_ratio:1.46 mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.0.0 loading:0 aof_enabled:0 changes_since_last_save:166 bgsave_in_progress:0 last_save_time:1352823542 bgrewriteaof_in_progress:0 total_connections_received:286 total_commands_processed:507254 expired_keys:0 evicted_keys:0 keyspace_hits:1509 keyspace_misses:65167 pubsub_channels:0 pubsub_patterns:0 latest_fork_usec:690 vm_enabled:0 role:master db0:keys=6,expires=0 edit 1: add redis-cli info output

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  • Make compiler copy characters using movsd

    - by Suma
    I would like to copy a relatively short sequence of memory (less than 1 KB, typically 2-200 bytes) in a time critical function. The best code for this on CPU side seems to be rep movsd. However I somehow cannot make my compiler to generate this code. I hoped (and I vaguely remember seeing so) using memcpy would do this using compiler built-in instrinsic, but based on disassembly and debugging it seems compiler is using call to memcpy/memmove library implementation instead. I also hoped the compiler might be smart enough to recognize following loop and use rep movsd on its own, but it seems it does not. char *dst; const char *src; // ... for (int r=size; --r>=0; ) *dst++ = *src++; Is there some way to make the Visual Studio compiler to generate rep movsd sequence other than using inline assembly?

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  • Why can final object be modified?

    - by Matt McCormick
    I came across the following code in a code base I am working on: public final class ConfigurationService { private static final ConfigurationService INSTANCE = new ConfigurationService(); private List providers; private ConfigurationService() { providers = new ArrayList(); } public static void addProvider(ConfigurationProvider provider) { INSTANCE.providers.add(provider); } ... INSTANCE is declared as final. Why can objects be added to INSTANCE? Shouldn't that invalidate the use of final. (It doesn't). I'm assuming the answer has to do something with pointers and memory but would like to know for sure.

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  • Vertical Scroll not working, are the guides but the screen does not scroll.

    - by Leandro
    package com.lcardenas.infoberry; import net.rim.device.api.system.DeviceInfo; import net.rim.device.api.system.GPRSInfo; import net.rim.device.api.system.Memory; import net.rim.device.api.ui.MenuItem; import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.Dialog; import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.LabelField; import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.Menu; import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.SeparatorField; import net.rim.device.api.ui.container.MainScreen; import net.rim.device.api.ui.container.VerticalFieldManager; import net.rim.device.api.ui.decor.Background; import net.rim.device.api.ui.decor.BackgroundFactory; public class vtnprincipal extends MainScreen { //llamamos a la clase principal private InfoBerry padre; //variables para el menu private MenuItem mnubateria; private MenuItem mnuestado; private MenuItem mnuacerca; public vtnprincipal(InfoBerry padre) { super(); this.padre = padre; } public void incventana(){ VerticalFieldManager _ventana = new VerticalFieldManager(VerticalFieldManager.VERTICAL_SCROLL | VerticalFieldManager.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR); double tmemoria =((DeviceInfo.getTotalFlashSize()/1024)/1024.00); double fmemoria = ((Memory.getFlashFree()/1024)/1024.00); Background cyan = BackgroundFactory.createSolidBackground(0x00E0FFFF); Background gris = BackgroundFactory.createSolidBackground(0x00DCDCDC ); //Borramos todos de la pantalla this.deleteAll(); //llamamos al menu incMenu(); //DIBUJAMOS LA VENTANA try{ LabelField title = new LabelField("Info Berry", LabelField.FIELD_HCENTER | LabelField.USE_ALL_HEIGHT ); setTitle(title); _ventana.add(new LabelField("Información del Dispositivo", LabelField.FIELD_HCENTER |LabelField.RIGHT | LabelField.USE_ALL_HEIGHT | LabelField.NON_FOCUSABLE )); _ventana.add(new SeparatorField()); _ventana.add(new SeparatorField()); txthorizontal modelo = new txthorizontal("Modelo:", DeviceInfo.getDeviceName()); modelo.setBackground(gris); _ventana.add(modelo); txthorizontal pin = new txthorizontal("PIN:" , Integer.toHexString(DeviceInfo.getDeviceId()).toUpperCase()); pin.setBackground(cyan); _ventana.add(pin); txthorizontal imeid = new txthorizontal("IMEID:" , GPRSInfo.imeiToString(GPRSInfo.getIMEI())); imeid.setBackground(gris); _ventana.add(imeid); txthorizontal version= new txthorizontal("SO Versión:" , DeviceInfo.getSoftwareVersion()); version.setBackground(cyan); _ventana.add(version); txthorizontal plataforma= new txthorizontal("SO Plataforma:" , DeviceInfo.getPlatformVersion()); plataforma.setBackground(gris); _ventana.add(plataforma); txthorizontal numero= new txthorizontal("Numero Telefonico: " , "Hay que firmar"); numero.setBackground(cyan); _ventana.add(numero); _ventana.add(new SeparatorField()); _ventana.add(new SeparatorField()); _ventana.add(new LabelField("Memoria", LabelField.FIELD_HCENTER | LabelField.USE_ALL_HEIGHT | LabelField.NON_FOCUSABLE)); _ventana.add(new SeparatorField()); txthorizontal totalm= new txthorizontal("Memoria app Total:" , mmemoria(tmemoria) + " Mb"); totalm.setBackground(gris); _ventana.add(totalm); txthorizontal disponiblem= new txthorizontal("Memoria app Disponible:" , mmemoria(fmemoria) + " Mb"); disponiblem.setBackground(cyan); _ventana.add(disponiblem); ///txthorizontal estadoram = new txthorizontal("Memoria RAM:" , mmemoria(prueba) + " Mb"); //estadoram.setBackground(gris); //add(estadoram); _ventana.add(new SeparatorField()); _ventana.add(new SeparatorField()); this.add(_ventana); }catch(Exception e){ Dialog.alert("Excepción en clase vtnprincipal: " + e.toString()); } } //DIBUJAMOS EL MENU private void incMenu() { MenuItem.separator(30); mnubateria = new MenuItem("Bateria",40, 10) { public void run() { bateria(); } }; mnuestado = new MenuItem("Estado de Red", 50, 10) { public void run() { estado(); } }; mnuacerca = new MenuItem("Acerca de..", 60, 10) { public void run() { acerca(); } }; MenuItem.separator(70); }; // public void makeMenu(Menu menu, int instance) { if (!menu.isDisplayed()) { menu.deleteAll(); menu.add(MenuItem.separator(30)); menu.add(mnubateria); menu.add(mnuestado); menu.add(mnuacerca); menu.add(MenuItem.separator(60)); } } public void bateria(){ padre.vtnbateria.incventana(); padre.pushScreen(padre.vtnbateria); } public void estado(){ padre.vtnestado.incventana(); padre.pushScreen(padre.vtnestado); } public void acerca(){ padre.vtnacerca.incventana(); padre.pushScreen(padre.vtnacerca); } public boolean onClose(){ Dialog.alert("Hasta Luego"); System.exit(0); return true; } public double mmemoria(double x) { if ( x > 0 ) return Math.floor(x * 100) / 100; else return Math.ceil(x * 100) / 100; } }

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  • How to serialize a collection of base type and see the concrete types in easy to read XML

    - by Jason Coyne
    I have a List which is populated with objects of various concrete types which subclass BaseType I am using the WCF DataContractSerializer <Children> <BaseType xmlns:d3p1="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Tasks" i:type="d3p1:ConcreteTypeA"></BaseType> <BaseType xmlns:d3p1="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Tasks" i:type="d3p1:ConcreteTypeB"></BaseType> </Children> Is there any way to get this to generate <Children> <ConcreteTypeA/> <ConcreteTypeB/> </Children> ? The real goal is to let users generate some XML to load into memory, and the users are of a skill level that asking them for the original XML is not going to be successful.

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  • The speed of .NET in numerical computing

    - by Yin Zhu
    In my experience, .net is 2 to 3 times slower than native code. (I implemented L-BFGS for multivariate optimization). I have traced the ads on stackoverflow to http://www.centerspace.net/products/ the speed is really amazing, the speed is close to native code. How can they do that? They said that: Q. Is NMath "pure" .NET? A. The answer depends somewhat on your definition of "pure .NET". NMath is written in C#, plus a small Managed C++ layer. For better performance of basic linear algebra operations, however, NMath does rely on the native Intel Math Kernel Library (included with NMath). But there are no COM components, no DLLs--just .NET assemblies. Also, all memory allocated in the Managed C++ layer and used by native code is allocated from the managed heap. Can someone explain more to me? Thanks!

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  • A cross between std::multimap and std::vector?

    - by Milan Babuškov
    I'm looking for a STL container that works like std::multimap, but has constant access time to random n-th element. I need this because I have such structure in memory that is std::multimap for many reasons, but items stored in it have to be presented to the user in a listbox. Since amount of data is huge, I'm using list box with virtual items (i.e. list control polls for value at line X). As a workaround I'm currently using additional std::vector to store "indexes" into std::map, and I fill it like this: std::vector<MMap::data_type&> vec; for (MMap::iterator it = mmap.begin(); it != mmap.end(); ++it) vec.push_back((*it).second); But this is not very elegant solution. Is there some such containter?

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  • How does a virtual machine work?

    - by Martin
    I've been looking into how programming languages work, and some of them have a so-called virtual machines. I understand that this is some form of emulation of the programming language within another programming language, and that it works like how a compiled language would be executed, with a stack. Did I get that right? With the proviso that I did, what bamboozles me is that many non-compiled languages allow variables with "liberal" type systems. In Python for example, I can write this: x = "Hello world!" x = 2**1000 Strings and big integers are completely unrelated and occupy different amounts of space in memory, so how can this code even be represented in a stack-based environment? What exactly happens here? Is x pointed to a new place on the stack and the old string data left unreferenced? Do these languages not use a stack? If not, how do they represent variables internally?

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