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  • Correct level of abstraction for a 3d rendering component?

    - by JohnB
    I've seen lots of questions around this area but not this exact question so apologies if this is a duplicate. I'm making a small 3d game. Well to be honest, it's just a little hobby project and likely won't turn out to be an actual game, I'll be happy to make a nice graphics demo and learn about 3d rendering and c++ design. My intent is to use direct3d9 for rendering as I have some little experience of it, and it seems to meet my requirements. However if I've learned one thing as a programmer it's to ask "is there any conceivable reason that this component might be replaced by a different implmentation" and if the answer is yes then I need to design a proper abstraction and interface to that component. So even though I intend to implment d3d9 I need to design a 3d interface that could be implemented for d3d11, opengl... My question then is what level is it best to do this at? I'm thinking that an interface capable of creating and later drawing Vertex buffers and index buffers Textures Vertex and Pixel "shaders" Some representation of drawing state (blending modes etc...) In other words a fairly low level interface where my code to draw for example an animated model would use the interface to obtain abstract vertex buffers etc. I worry though that it's too low level to abstract out all the functionallity I need efficiently. The alternative is to do this at a higher level where the interface can draw objects, animations, landscapes etc, and implement them for each system. This seems like more work, but it more flexible I guess. So that's my question really, when abstracting out the drawing system, what level of interface works best?

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  • How to prevent 2D camera rotation if it would violate the bounds of the camera?

    - by Andrew Price
    I'm working on a Camera class and I have a rectangle field named Bounds that determines the bounds of the camera. I have it working for zooming and moving the camera so that the camera cannot exit its bounds. However, I'm a bit confused on how to do the same for rotation. Currently I allow rotating of the camera's Z-axis. However, if sufficiently zoomed out, upon rotating the camera, areas of the screen outside the camera's bounds can be shown. I'd like to deny the rotation assuming it meant that the newly rotated camera would expose areas outside the camera's bounds, but I'm not quite sure how. I'm still new to Matrix and Vector math and I'm not quite sure how to model if the newly rotated camera sees outside of its bounds, undo the rotation. Here's an image showing the problem: http://i.stack.imgur.com/NqprC.png The red is out of bounds and as a result, the camera should never be allowed to rotate itself like this. This seems like it would be a problem with all rotated values, but this is not the case when the camera is zoomed in enough. Here are the current member variables for the Camera class: private Vector2 _position = Vector2.Zero; private Vector2 _origin = Vector2.Zero; private Rectangle? _bounds = Rectangle.Empty; private float _rotation = 0.0f; private float _zoom = 1.0f; Is this possible to do? If so, could someone give me some guidance on how to accomplish this? Thanks. EDIT: I forgot to mention I am using a transformation matrix style camera that I input in to SpriteBatch.Begin. I am using the same transformation matrix from this tutorial.

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  • How to Export Flash Animation Data

    - by charliep
    I'd love for my partner, the artist, to be able to animate using flash movieclips and timelines. Then I, the programmer, would like to read the raw Flash info and re-program it into my engine of choice (which happens to be Torque2D). The data I'd want is the bitmap images that were used in Flash, like the head and body the links between the images, like where the head connects to the body the motion data from the flash animation, like move, rotate (at what speed), shear, etc. for the head or arms or whatever. Is there any way to get this data? Here's what I know so far. There are tools like SWFSheet and Spriteloq that convert the entire flash animation into a frame by frame sprite animation (in a sprite sheet). This would take too much space in my case, so I'd like to avoid that. Re-animating on the fly would take much less texture memory. There is a PDF that describes the SWF file format but NOT the individual components like the movieclips. So anyone know of a library I can use, or how I can learn more about the movieclip components and whatnot? (more better tags: transform, export, convert)

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  • Changing Palette for Day/Light Mode using GIMP

    - by J.C.
    Hello, Suppose I've a picture, which want to achieve day/light mode by changing 8bpp color palette. If I want the pixel index of my picture is always fixed for both day mode and night mode. For example, the 1st pixel index is 100. Which I can look up index 100 in day mode palette and night mode palette. How can I use GIMP to do so? My goal is to not update my pixel index of my picture. Also, as you see in two palette, they are not one one mapping. That is index 1 of the day mode palette and index 1 of the night mode palette may not used in the same pixel of the picture, how can I tackle this problem? Actually, my use case is as follow I want to use one 8bpp picture to achieve day/night mode by update only the color palette (without updating the pixel index). The advantage is I only have to prepare 2 256 byte palette rather than saving 2 big pictures in my limited data ram. Thanks a lot

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  • Creating a new instance, C#

    - by Dave Voyles
    This sounds like a very n00b question, but bear with me here: I'm trying to access the position of my bat (paddle) in my pong game and use it in my ball class. I'm doing this because I want a particle effect to go off at the point of contact where the ball hits the bat. Each time the ball hits the bat, I receive an error stating that I haven't created an instance of the bat. I understand that I have to (or can use a static class), but I'm not sure of how to do so in this example. I've included both my Bat and Ball classes. namespace Pong { #region Using Statements using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; #endregion public class Ball { #region Fields private readonly Random rand; private readonly Texture2D texture; private readonly SoundEffect warp; private double direction; private bool isVisible; private float moveSpeed; private Vector2 position; private Vector2 resetPos; private Rectangle size; private float speed; private bool isResetting; private bool collided; private Vector2 oldPos; private ParticleEngine particleEngine; private ContentManager contentManager; private SpriteBatch spriteBatch; private bool hasHitBat; private AIBat aiBat; private Bat bat; #endregion #region Constructors and Destructors /// <summary> /// Constructor for the ball /// </summary> public Ball(ContentManager contentManager, Vector2 ScreenSize) { moveSpeed = 15f; speed = 0; texture = contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/balls/redBall"); direction = 0; size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height); resetPos = new Vector2(ScreenSize.X / 2, ScreenSize.Y / 2); position = resetPos; rand = new Random(); isVisible = true; hasHitBat = false; // Everything to do with particles List<Texture2D> textures = new List<Texture2D>(); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/circle")); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/star")); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/diamond")); particleEngine = new ParticleEngine(textures, new Vector2()); } #endregion #region Public Methods and Operators /// <summary> /// Checks for the collision between the bat and the ball. Sends ball in the appropriate /// direction /// </summary> public void BatHit(int block) { if (direction > Math.PI * 1.5f || direction < Math.PI * 0.5f) { hasHitBat = true; particleEngine.EmitterLocation = new Vector2(aiBat.Position.X, aiBat.Position.Y); switch (block) { case 1: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(200); break; case 2: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(195); break; case 3: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(180); break; case 4: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(180); break; case 5: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(165); break; } } else { hasHitBat = true; particleEngine.EmitterLocation = new Vector2(bat.Position.X, bat.Position.Y); switch (block) { case 1: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(310); break; case 2: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(345); break; case 3: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(0); break; case 4: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(15); break; case 5: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(50); break; } } if (rand.Next(2) == 0) { direction += MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(3)); } else { direction -= MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(3)); } AudioManager.Instance.PlaySoundEffect("hit"); } /// <summary> /// JEP - added method to slow down ball after powerup deactivates /// </summary> public void DecreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed -= 0.6f; } /// <summary> /// Draws the ball on the screen /// </summary> public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { if (isVisible) { spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.Draw(texture, size, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); // Draws sprites for particles when contact is made particleEngine.Draw(spriteBatch); } } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current direction of the ball /// </summary> public double GetDirection() { return direction; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current position of the ball /// </summary> public Vector2 GetPosition() { return position; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current size of the ball (for the powerups) /// </summary> public Rectangle GetSize() { return size; } /// <summary> /// Grows the size of the ball when the GrowBall powerup is used. /// </summary> public void GrowBall() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width * 2, texture.Height * 2); } /// <summary> /// Was used to increased the speed of the ball after each point is scored. /// No longer used, but am considering implementing again. /// </summary> public void IncreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed += 0.6f; } /// <summary> /// Check for the ball to return normal size after the Powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalBallSize() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height); } /// <summary> /// Check for the ball to return normal speed after the Powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalSpeed() { moveSpeed += 15f; } /// <summary> /// Checks to see if ball went out of bounds, and triggers warp sfx /// </summary> public void OutOfBounds() { // Checks if the player is still alive or not if (isResetting) { AudioManager.Instance.PlaySoundEffect("warp"); { // Used to stop the the issue where the ball hit sfx kept going off when detecting collison isResetting = false; AudioManager.Instance.Dispose(); } } } /// <summary> /// Speed for the ball when Speedball powerup is activated /// </summary> public void PowerupSpeed() { moveSpeed += 20.0f; } /// <summary> /// Check for where to reset the ball after each point is scored /// </summary> public void Reset(bool left) { if (left) { direction = 0; } else { direction = Math.PI; } // Used to stop the the issue where the ball hit sfx kept going off when detecting collison isResetting = true; position = resetPos; // Resets the ball to the center of the screen isVisible = true; speed = 15f; // Returns the ball back to the default speed, in case the speedBall was active if (rand.Next(2) == 0) { direction += MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(30)); } else { direction -= MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(30)); } } /// <summary> /// Shrinks the ball when the ShrinkBall powerup is activated /// </summary> public void ShrinkBall() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width / 2, texture.Height / 2); } /// <summary> /// Stops the ball each time it is reset. Ex: Between points / rounds /// </summary> public void Stop() { isVisible = true; speed = 0; } /// <summary> /// Updates position of the ball /// </summary> public void UpdatePosition() { size.X = (int)position.X; size.Y = (int)position.Y; oldPos.X = position.X; oldPos.Y = position.Y; position.X += speed * (float)Math.Cos(direction); position.Y += speed * (float)Math.Sin(direction); bool collided = CheckWallHit(); particleEngine.Update(); // Stops the issue where ball was oscillating on the ceiling or floor if (collided) { position.X = oldPos.X + speed * (float)Math.Cos(direction); position.Y = oldPos.Y + speed * (float)Math.Sin(direction); } } #endregion #region Methods /// <summary> /// Checks for collision with the ceiling or floor. 2*Math.pi = 360 degrees /// </summary> private bool CheckWallHit() { while (direction > 2 * Math.PI) { direction -= 2 * Math.PI; return true; } while (direction < 0) { direction += 2 * Math.PI; return true; } if (position.Y <= 0 || (position.Y > resetPos.Y * 2 - size.Height)) { direction = 2 * Math.PI - direction; return true; } return true; } #endregion } } namespace Pong { using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using System; public class Bat { public Vector2 Position; public float moveSpeed; public Rectangle size; private int points; private int yHeight; private Texture2D leftBat; public float turbo; public float recharge; public float interval; public bool isTurbo; /// <summary> /// Constructor for the bat /// </summary> public Bat(ContentManager contentManager, Vector2 screenSize, bool side) { moveSpeed = 7f; turbo = 15f; recharge = 100f; points = 0; interval = 5f; leftBat = contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/bats/batGrey"); size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width, leftBat.Height); // True means left bat, false means right bat. if (side) Position = new Vector2(30, screenSize.Y / 2 - size.Height / 2); else Position = new Vector2(screenSize.X - 30, screenSize.Y / 2 - size.Height / 2); yHeight = (int)screenSize.Y; } public void IncreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed += .5f; } /// <summary> /// The speed of the bat when Turbo is activated /// </summary> public void Turbo() { moveSpeed += 8.0f; } /// <summary> /// Returns the speed of the bat back to normal after Turbo is deactivated /// </summary> public void DisableTurbo() { moveSpeed = 7.0f; isTurbo = false; } /// <summary> /// Returns the bat to the nrmal size after the Grow/Shrink powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalSize() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width, leftBat.Height); } /// <summary> /// Checks for the size of the bat /// </summary> public Rectangle GetSize() { return size; } /// <summary> /// Adds point to the player or the AI after scoring. Currently Disabled. /// </summary> public void IncrementPoints() { points++; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the number of points at the moment /// </summary> public int GetPoints() { return points; } /// <summary> /// Sets thedefault starting position for the bats /// </summary> /// <param name="position"></param> public void SetPosition(Vector2 position) { if (position.Y < 0) { position.Y = 0; } if (position.Y > yHeight - size.Height) { position.Y = yHeight - size.Height; } this.Position = position; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current position of the bat /// </summary> public Vector2 GetPosition() { return Position; } /// <summary> /// Controls the bat moving up the screen /// </summary> public void MoveUp() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, -moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Controls the bat moving down the screen /// </summary> public void MoveDown() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Updates the position of the AI bat, in order to track the ball /// </summary> /// <param name="ball"></param> public virtual void UpdatePosition(Ball ball) { size.X = (int)Position.X; size.Y = (int)Position.Y; } /// <summary> /// Resets the bat to the center location after a new game starts /// </summary> public void ResetPosition() { SetPosition(new Vector2(GetPosition().X, yHeight / 2 - size.Height)); } /// <summary> /// Used for the Growbat powerup /// </summary> public void GrowBat() { // Doubles the size of the bat collision size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width * 2, leftBat.Height * 2); } /// <summary> /// Used for the Shrinkbat powerup /// </summary> public void ShrinkBat() { // 1/2 the size of the bat collision size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width / 2, leftBat.Height / 2); } /// <summary> /// Draws the bats /// </summary> public virtual void Draw(SpriteBatch batch) { batch.Draw(leftBat, size, Color.White); } } }

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  • The View-Matrix and Alternative Calculations

    - by P. Avery
    I'm working on a radiosity processor in DirectX 9. The process requires that the camera be placed at the center of a mesh face and a 'screenshot' be taken facing 5 different directions...forward...up...down...left...right... ...The problem is that when the mesh face is facing up( look vector: 0, 1, 0 )...a view matrix cannot be determined using standard trigonometry functions: Matrix4 LookAt( Vector3 eye, Vector3 target, Vector3 up ) { // The "look-at" vector. Vector3 zaxis = normal(target - eye); // The "right" vector. Vector3 xaxis = normal(cross(up, zaxis)); // The "up" vector. Vector3 yaxis = cross(zaxis, xaxis); // Create a 4x4 orientation matrix from the right, up, and at vectors Matrix4 orientation = { xaxis.x, yaxis.x, zaxis.x, 0, xaxis.y, yaxis.y, zaxis.y, 0, xaxis.z, yaxis.z, zaxis.z, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 }; // Create a 4x4 translation matrix by negating the eye position. Matrix4 translation = { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, -eye.x, -eye.y, -eye.z, 1 }; // Combine the orientation and translation to compute the view matrix return ( translation * orientation ); } The above function comes from http://3dgep.com/?p=1700... ...Is there a mathematical approach to this problem? Edit: A problem occurs when setting the view matrix to up or down directions, here is an example of the problem when facing down: D3DXVECTOR4 vPos( 3, 3, 3, 1 ), vEye( 1.5, 3, 3, 1 ), vLook( 0, -1, 0, 1 ), vRight( 1, 0, 0, 1 ), vUp( 0, 0, 1, 1 ); D3DXMATRIX mV, mP; D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH( &mP, D3DX_PI / 2, 1, 0.5f, 2000.0f ); D3DXMatrixIdentity( &mV ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._11, ( void* )&vRight, sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._21, ( void* )&vUp, sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._31, ( void* )&vLook, sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); memcpy( ( void* )&mV._41, ( void* )&(-vEye), sizeof( D3DXVECTOR3 ) ); D3DXVec4Transform( &vPos, &vPos, &( mV * mP ) ); Results: vPos = D3DXVECTOR3( 1.5, -6, -0.5, 0 ) - this vertex is not properly processed by shader as the homogenous w value is 0 it cannot be normalized to a position within device space...

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  • Does swf provide better compress rate than zlib for png image?

    - by Huang F. Lei
    Somebody told me that when a png image is stored in swf, it's separated to several layer, hence the alpha channel can be compressed better. Is it true? Or, once png image is imported into a swf, it's format is changed, e.g converted into bitmap data, and than compressed by swf's compress algorithm. That's, it is not in png format anymore. I don't know how swf packing its resource, please tell me if you know.

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  • How do I scroll to follow my sprite in the physical world?

    - by Esteban Quintero
    I am using andengine to make a game where a sprite (player) is going up across the stage, and I want the camera to stay centred on the sprite the entire time. This is my world so far: final Rectangle ground = new Rectangle(0, CAMERA_HEIGHT - 2, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle roof = new Rectangle(0, 0, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle left = new Rectangle(0, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle right = new Rectangle(CAMERA_WIDTH - 2, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final FixtureDef wallFixtureDef = PhysicsFactory.createFixtureDef(0, 0.5f, 0.5f); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, ground, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, roof, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, left, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, right, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); /* Create two sprits and add it to the scene. */ this.mScene.setBackground(autoParallaxBackground); this.mScene.attachChild(ground); this.mScene.attachChild(roof); this.mScene.attachChild(left); this.mScene.attachChild(right); this.mScene.registerUpdateHandler(this.mPhysicsWorld); The problem is that when the sprite reaches the top wall, it crashes. How can I fix this?

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  • Finding shortest path on a hexagonal grid

    - by Timothy Mayes
    I'm writing a turn based game that has some simulation elements. One task i'm hung up on currently is with path finding. What I want to do is, each turn, move an ai adventurer one tile closer to his target using his current x,y and his target x,y. In trying to figure this out myself I can determine 4 directions no problem by using dx = currentX - targetY dy = currentY - targetY but I'm not sure how to determine which of the 6 directions is actually the "best" or "shortest" route. For example the way its setup currently I use East, West, NE, NW, SE, SW but to get to the NE tile i move East then NW instead of just moving NW. I hope this wasn't all rambling. Even just a link or two to get me started would be nice. Most of the info i've found is on drawing the grids and groking the wierd coordinate system needed. Thanks in advance Tim

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  • Xna Loading Screens

    - by Cyral
    I'm making a 2D XNA game. I'd like to implement loading screens when stuff has to load for a while. Like when I login to an account, connect to the server, and generate worlds. I'm pretty sure it needs to be multithreaded, because I want to be able to do something like "Generating World 10%...11%...". GenerateWorld() { //Call StartLoading("Generating World"); or something //Starter generating, Updating progress... //End loading screen and fade into world } Help appreciated, I'm new.

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  • 2D non-tile based map editor

    - by Jonesy
    I am currently developing a relatively simple 2D, topdown oriented adventure game for the iPhone and was wondering what would be the easiest way to create the maps for my game. I figured I would need some kind of visual editor that would give me immediate feedback and would allow me to place all objects in the world exactly where I want them. I could then load the saved representation of the world I create in the editor in my game. So, I am looking for a simple map editor that allows me to do this. All the objects in my game are simply textured rectangles build up from two triangles. All I need to be able to do is position different rectangles/objects in the map, and give them a texture. I am using texture atlases, so it would be useful to be able to assign portions of textures to the objects. I then need to be able to extract all the objects from the saved representation of my maps, together with the name/identifier of the texture(atlas) they use, and the area of the texture atlas. I have looked at some tile-based map editors like Tiled and Ogmo, but they don't seem to be able to do what I want. Any suggestions? EDIT: a more concrete example: something like the GameMaker level editor, but then with added export functionality in a handy format.

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  • I am looking for an graduation project idea for bacelor of computer engineering [closed]

    - by project idea
    I am interested in computer graphics and I have developed many hobby projects, mostly 2D and 3D games/scenes in directX and openGL, But for a grad project, proffesors wont allow games. I browsed many similar questions here and I am convinced project should be something I am really interested in as I will give considerable time to it. But apart from games I am not able to decide on the topic. I am also open to ideas on social apps and android.

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  • Improve mouse movement in First person game

    - by brainydexter
    In my current FPS game, I have the mouse setup in a way, that it always forces the position of the mouse to be centered at the screen. This gets the job done, but also gets very annoying, since the mouse is "fixed" at the center of the screen. Here is what I am doing: get mouse current position find offset from center of the screen set mouse current position to center of the screen apply difference to m_pTransformation (transformation matrix of the player) Is there a better way to deal with this ?

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  • Moving sprites on a graph in libGDX

    - by nosferat
    In my game I'd like to move sprites on a fixed path. Until this point I was trying to stick with the tools already provided by libGDX, like the Tiled map renderer classes so I'm looking for a solution nearly as convenient as that, e.g. I'd like to avoid creating the adjacency matrix by hand. Tiled has the functionality to add objects to the map but I'm not sure if I can use it for this purpose. Any idea?

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  • Scaling Skeletal values to be able to reach objects on the screen

    - by Sweta Dwivedi
    I have created a game using Kinect + XNA and the game runs on full screen mode.. However when i try to touch or reach a certain area on the screen using hand.. I cant reach it.. I will already be outside the range of the sensor trying to touch the object on the game screen.. Is there anyway I can scale the skeletal values so that the users can easily touch objects on the screen without having to stretch or bend too much?

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  • How to position a sprite in a 2D animation skeleton?

    - by Paul Manta
    Given two joints that define a bone, I would like to know how to decide where, between those two joints, I should draw the sprite. This should be a fairly simple thing to solve, but there is one thing that I am not sure about. After I've determined the rotation of the sprite (which is the absolute angle the joints form with the x-axis), I also need to determine the origin point from where I need to start drawing the transformed image. So how should I position the sprite between the two joints? Should I make the center of the image be the midpoint between the two joints, or should I make one the of the joints be the origin? Do these things matter that much (could the wrong positioning make the sprite move oddly during the animation)?

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  • Implementing camera for 2d side scroller game ?

    - by Mr.Gando
    Hello, I'm implementing a 2D side scroller for iOS (using C/C++ with OpenGL) (beat'em up style like double dragon/final fight ). My scenes are composed of one cyclical background image ( the end of the image connects perfectly with the beginning ). This is to produce a cyclical scroll effect. I was wondering how could I implement a camera that follows my player movement ? ( Resources / Links are greatly appreciated with explanations :) )

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  • Why do my 512x512 bitmaps look jaggy on Android OpenGL?

    - by Milo Mordaunt
    This is sort of driving me nuts, I've googled and googled and tried everything I can think of, but my sprites still look super blurry and super jaggy. Example: Here: https://docs.google.com/open?id=0Bx9Gbwnv9Hd2TmpiZkFycUNmRTA If you click through to the actual full size image you should see what I mean, it's like it's taking and average of every 5*5 pixels or something, the background looks really blurry and blocky, but the ball is the worst. The clouds look all right for some reason, probably because they're mostly transparent. I know the pngs aren't top notch themselves but hey, I'm no artist! I would imagine it's a problem with either: a. How the pngs are made example sprite (512x512): https://docs.google.com/open?id=0Bx9Gbwnv9Hd2a2RRQlJiQTFJUEE b. How my Matrices work This is the relevant parts of the renderer: public void onDrawFrame(GL10 unused) { if(world != null) { dt = System.currentTimeMillis() - endTime; world.update( (float) dt); // Redraw background color GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); Matrix.setIdentityM(mvMatrix, 0); Matrix.translateM(mvMatrix, 0, 0f, 0f, 0f); world.draw(mvMatrix, mProjMatrix); endTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); } else { Log.d(TAG, "There is no world...."); } } public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 unused, int width, int height) { GLES20.glViewport(0, 0, width, height); Matrix.orthoM(mProjMatrix, 0, 0, width /2, 0, height /2, -1.f, 1.f); } And this is what each Quad does when draw is called: public void draw(float[] mvMatrix, float[] pMatrix) { Matrix.setIdentityM(mMatrix, 0); Matrix.setIdentityM(mvMatrix, 0); Matrix.translateM(mMatrix, 0, xPos, yPos, 0.f); Matrix.multiplyMM(mvMatrix, 0, mvMatrix, 0, mMatrix, 0); Matrix.scaleM(mvMatrix, 0, scale, scale, 0f); Matrix.rotateM(mvMatrix, 0, angle, 0f, 0f, -1f); GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram); posAttr = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "vPosition"); texAttr = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "aTexCo"); uSampler = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uSampler"); int alphaHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "alpha"); GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(posAttr, COORDS_PER_VERTEX, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, vertexBuffer); GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(texAttr, 2, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, texCoBuffer); GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(posAttr); GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(texAttr); GLES20.glActiveTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE0); GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture); GLES20.glUniform1i(uSampler, 0); GLES20.glUniform1f(alphaHandle, alpha); mMVMatrixHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uMVMatrix"); mPMatrixHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uPMatrix"); GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(mMVMatrixHandle, 1, false, mvMatrix, 0); GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(mPMatrixHandle, 1, false, pMatrix, 0); GLES20.glDrawElements(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 4, GLES20.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, indicesBuffer); GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(posAttr); GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(texAttr); GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0); } c. How my texture loading/blending/shaders setup works Here is the renderer setup: public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 unused, EGLConfig config) { // Set the background frame color GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); GLES20.glDisable(GLES20.GL_DEPTH_TEST); GLES20.glDepthMask(false); GLES20.glBlendFunc(GLES20.GL_ONE, GLES20.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); GLES20.glEnable(GLES20.GL_BLEND); GLES20.glEnable(GLES20.GL_DITHER); } Here is the vertex shader: attribute vec4 vPosition; attribute vec2 aTexCo; varying vec2 vTexCo; uniform mat4 uMVMatrix; uniform mat4 uPMatrix; void main() { gl_Position = uPMatrix * uMVMatrix * vPosition; vTexCo = aTexCo; } And here's the fragment shader: precision mediump float; uniform sampler2D uSampler; uniform vec4 vColor; varying vec2 vTexCo; varying float alpha; void main() { vec4 color = texture2D(uSampler, vec2(vTexCo)); gl_FragColor = color; if(gl_FragColor.a == 0.0) { "discard; } } This is how textures are loaded: private int loadTexture(int rescource) { int[] texture = new int[1]; BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options(); opts.inScaled = false; Bitmap temp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), rescource, opts); GLES20.glGenTextures(1, texture, 0); GLES20.glActiveTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE0); GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]); GLES20.glTexParameterf(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GLES20.GL_LINEAR); GLES20.glTexParameterf(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GLES20.GL_LINEAR); GLUtils.texImage2D(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, temp, 0); GLES20.glGenerateMipmap(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D); GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0); temp.recycle(); return texture[0]; } I'm sure I'm doing about 20,000 things wrong, so I'm really sorry if the problem is blindingly obvious... The test device is a Galaxy Note, running a JellyBean custom ROM, if that matters at all. So the screen resolution is 1280x800, which means... The background is 1024x1024, so yeah it might be a little blurry, but shouldn't be made of lego. Thank you so much, any answer at all would be appreciated.

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  • GLSL Bokeh using Quads and Textures

    - by Notoriousaur
    I'm trying to create a depth of field effect with bokeh sprites in GLSL. Specifically, what i would like to do is, for each pixel: See if the pixel is out of the focal range If it is, draw a quad and apply a texture to provide a bokeh sprite. This kind of implementation is seen in the Unreal Engine and by Matt Pettineo, however, both implementations are in DX11 and I'm using OpenGL. I'm a bit stuck on the drawing a quad and applying a texture bit. Does anyone know how I can do this, or provide any relevant links as to how I can do this? Thanks

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  • Compute directional light frustum from view furstum points and light direction

    - by Fabian
    I'm working on a friends engine project and my task is to construct a new frustum from the light direction that overlaps the view frustum and possible shadow casters. The project already has a function that creates a frustum for this but its way to big and includes way to many casters (shadows) which can't be seen in the view frustum. Now the only parameter of this function are the normalized light direction vector and a view class which lets me extract the 8 view frustum points in world space. I don't have any additional infos about the scene. I have read some of the related Questions here but non seem to fit very well to my problem as they often just point to cascaded shadow maps. Sadly i can't use DX or openGl functions directly because this engine has a dedicated math library. From what i've read so far the steps are: Transform view frustum points into light space and find min/max x and y values (or sometimes minima and maxima of all three axis) and create a AABB using the min/max vectors. But what comes after this step? How do i transform this new AABB back to world space? What i've done so far: CVector3 Points[8], MinLight = CVector3(FLT_MAX), MaxLight = CVector3(FLT_MAX); for(int i = 0; i<8;++i){ Points[i] = Points[i] * WorldToShadowMapMatrix; MinLight = Math::Min(Points[i],MinLight); MaxLight = Math::Max(Points[i],MaxLight); } AABox box(MinLight,MaxLight); I don't think this is the right way to do it. The near plain probably has to extend into the direction of the light source to include potentional shadow casters. I've read the Microsoft article about cascaded shadow maps http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ee416307%28v=vs.85%29.aspx which also includes some sample code. But they seem to use the scenes AABB to determine the near and far plane which I can't since i cant access this information from the funtion I'm working in. Could you guys please link some example code which shows the calculation of such frustum? Thanks in advance! Additional questio: is there a way to construct a WorldToFrustum matrix that represents the above transformation?

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  • Reuseable Platform For Custom Board Game

    - by George Bailey
    Is there a generic platform to allow me to customize the rules to a board game. The board game uses a square grid, similar to Checkers or Chess. I was hoping to take some of the work out of creating this computer opponent, by reusing what is already written. I would think that there would be a pre-written routine for deciding which moves would lead to the best outcome, and all that I would need to program is the pieces, legal moves, what layout constitutes a win/lose or draw, and perhaps some kind of scoring for value of pieces. I have seen chess programs that appear to use a recursive routine, so they think anywhere from 2 to 20 moves ahead to create varying degrees of difficulty. I have noticed this on chess.com. The game I am programming will not be as complex. Is there a platform designed to be re-used for different grid/piece based games. JavaScript would be preferable, but Java or Perl would be acceptable.

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  • Saving and Loading the Game (Automatically or Manually) via Internal Storage Only (Tablet PC Issues)

    - by David Dimalanta
    Here is my question. When making a game app for Android, I considered first the device. It's no problem to save progress everything (from levels to records) on a smartphone because it has an SD Card slot. Exception to this, the tablet PC, it can really nothing but on internal only storage. For example, I'm using this tutorial for audio spectrum (see http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5cN1VzZXcdo) that involves copying from internal to external in order to detect frequency. It works on the desktop but not on the Android device (Tablets only [i.e. Google Nexus Tablet]). Is there a way to optimize save/load game problems due to internal/external device issues? Plus, additionally, what's the reason why my device won't work on tablets, except the desktop, while testing the audio spectrum code and why? Also, is it the same with saving/loading game?

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  • Is there a way to display navmesh agent path in Unity?

    - by Antoine Guillien
    I'm currently making a prototype for a game I plan to develop. As far as I did, I managed to set up the navigation mesh and my navmeshagents. I would like to display the path they are following when setDestination() is fired. I did some researches but didn't find anything about it. EDIT 1 : So I instantiate an empty object with a LineRenderer and I have a line bewteen my agent and the destination. Still I've not all the points when the path has to avoid an obstacle. Furthermore, I wonder if the agent.path does reflect the real path that the agent take as I noticed that it actually follow a "smoothier" path. Here is the code so far : GameObject container = new GameObject(); container.transform.parent = agent.gameObject.transform; LineRenderer ligne = container.AddComponent<LineRenderer>(); ligne.SetColors(Color.white,Color.white); ligne.SetWidth(0.1f,0.1f); //Get def material ligne.gameObject.renderer.material.color = Color.white; ligne.gameObject.renderer.material.shader = Shader.Find("Sprites/Default"); ligne.gameObject.AddComponent<LineScript>(); ligne.SetVertexCount(agent.path.corners.Length+1); int i = 0; foreach(Vector3 v in p.corners) { ligne.SetPosition(i,v); //Debug.Log("position agent"+g.transform.position); //Debug.Log("position corner = "+v); i++; } ligne.SetPosition(p.corners.Length,agent.destination); ligne.gameObject.tag = "ligne"; So How can I get the real coordinates my agent is going to walk throught ?

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  • What is this JavaScript gibberish?

    - by W3Geek
    I am studying how to make a 2D game with JavaScript by reading open source JavaScript games and I came across this gibberish... aSpriteData = [ "}\"¹-º\"À+º\"À+º\"À+º\"¿¤À ~C_ +º\"À+º\"À+º\"À*P7²OK%¾+½u_\"À<¡a¡a¡bM@±@ª", // 0 ground "a ' ![± 7°³b£[mt<Nµ7z]~¨OR»[f_7l},tl},+}%XN²Sb[bl£[±%Y_¹ !@ $", // 1 qbox "!A % @,[] ±}°@;µn¦&X£ <$ §¤ 8}}@Prc'U#Z'H'@· ¶\"is ¤&08@£(", // 2 mario " ´!A.@H#q8¸»e-½n®@±oW:&X¢a<&bbX~# }LWP41}k¬#3¨q#1f RQ@@:4@$", // 3 mario jump " 40 q$!hWa-½n¦#_Y}a©,0#aaPw@=cmY<mq©GBagaq&@q#0§0t0¤ $", // 4 mario run "+hP_@", // 5 pipe left "¢,6< R¤", // 6 pipe right "@ & ,'+hP?>³®'©}[!»¹.¢_^¥y/pX¸#µ°=a¾½hP?>³®'©}[!»¹.¢_^ Ba a", // 7 pipe top left "@ , !] \"º £] , 8O #7a&+¢ §²!cº 9] P &O ,4 e", // 8 pipe top right " £ #! ,! P!!vawd/XO¤8¼'¤P½»¹²'9¨ \"P²Pa²(!¢5!N*(4´b!Gk(a", // 9 goomba " Xu X5 =ou!¯­¬a[Z¼q.°u#|xv ¸··@=~^H'WOJ!¯­¬a=Nu ²J <J a", // 10 coin // yui "@ & !MX ~L \"y %P *¢ 5a K w !L \"y %P *­a%¬¢ 4 a", // 11 ebox // yui "¢ ,\"²+aN!@ &7 }\"²+aN!XH # }\"²+aN!X% 8}\"²+aN!X%£@ (", // 12 bricks "} %¿¢!N° I¨²*<P%.8\"h,!Cg r¥ H³a4X¢*<P%.H#I¬ :a!u !q", // 13 block makeSpace(20) + "4a }@ }0 N( w$ }\" N! +aa", // 14 bush left " r \"²y!L%aN zPN NyN#²L}[/cy¾ N" + makeSpace(18) + "@", // 15 bush mid makeSpace(18) + "++ !R·a!x6 &+6 87L ¢6 P+ 8+ (", // 16 bush right " %©¦ +pq 7> \"³ s" + makeSpace(25) + "@", // 17 cloud bottom left "a/a_#².Q¥'¥b}8.£¨7!X\"K+5cqs%(" + makeSpace(18) + "0", // 18 cloud bottom mid "bP ¢L P+ 8%a,*a%§@ J" + makeSpace(22) + "(", // 19 cloud bottom right "", // 20 mushroom "", // koopa 16x24 "", // 22 star "", // 23 flagpole "", // 24 flag "", // 25 flagpole top " 6 ~ }a }@ }0 }( }$ }\" }! } a} @} 0} (} $} \"² $", // 26 hill slope "a } \"m %8 *P!MF 5la\"y %P" + makeSpace(18) + "(", // 27 hill mid makeSpace(30) + "%\" t!DK \"q", // 28 hill top "", // 29 castle bricks "", // 30 castle doorway bottom "", // 31 castle doorway top "", // 32 castle top "", // 33 castle top 2 "", // 34 castle window right "", // 35 castle window left "", // 36 castle flag makeSpace(19) + "8@# (9F*RSf.8 A¢$!¢040HD", // 37 goomba flat " *(!¬#q³¡[_´Yp~¡=<¥g=&'PaS²¿ Sbq*<I#*£Ld%Ryd%¼½e8H8bf#0a", // 38 mario dead " = ³ #b 'N¶ Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z =[q ²@ ³ ¶ 0", // 39 coin step 1 " ?@ /q /e '¤ #³ !ºa }@ N0 ?( /e '¤ #³ ¿ _a \"", // 40 coin step 2 " / > ] º !² #¢ %a + > ] º !² #¢ 'a \"", // 41 coin step 3 " 7¢ +² *] %> \"p !Ga t¢ I² 4º *] %> \"p ¡ Oa \"" // 42 coin step 4 ], What does it do? If you want to look at the source file here it is: http://www.nihilogic.dk/labs/mario/mario.js Beware, there is more gibberish inside. I can't seem to make sense of any of it. Thank you.

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  • Unity: Spin wheels to move vehicle

    - by Paul Manta
    I am just getting started with Unity and I'd like to ask a question. If I have a "Vehicle" object that has two children: "FrontWheel" and "BackWheel" (both 'wheels' are cylinders), how should I set everything up such that I can move the entire vehicle by turning its wheels? When I apply a torque to "FrontWheel", the vehicle starts to move, but instead of the whole thing the moving together, the chassis is rolling on the cylinders and eventually falls off. How can I prevent it from doing that?

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