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  • How to differentiate between method and function in a decorator?

    - by defnull
    I want to write a decorator that acts differently depending on whether it is applied to a function or to a method. def some_decorator(func): if the_magic_happens_here(func): # <---- Point of interest print 'Yay, found a method ^_^ (unbound jet)' else: print 'Meh, just an ordinary function :/' return func class MyClass(object): @some_decorator def method(self): pass @some_decorator def function(): pass I tried inspect.ismethod(), inspect.ismethoddescriptor() and inspect.isfunction() but no luck. The problem is that a method actually is neither a bound nor an unbound method but an ordinary function as long as it is accessed from within the class body. What I really want to do is to delay the actions of the decorator to the point the class is actually instantiated because I need the methods to be callable in their instance scope. For this, I want to mark methods with an attribute and later search for these attributes when the .__new__() method of MyClass is called. The classes for which this decorator should work are required to inherit from a class that is under my control. You can use that fact for your solution. In the case of a normal function the delay is not necessary and the decorator should take action immediately. That is why I wand to differentiate these two cases.

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  • How detect length of a numpy array with only one element?

    - by mishaF
    I am reading in a file using numpy.genfromtxt which brings in columns of both strings and numeric values. One thing I need to do is detect the length of the input. This is all fine provided there are more than one value read into each array. But...if there is only one element in the resulting array, the logic fails. I can recreate an example here: import numpy as np a = np.array(2.3) len(a) returns an error saying: TypeError: len() of unsized object however, If a has 2 or more elements, len() behaves as one would expect. import numpy as np a = np.array([2.3,3.6]) len(a) returns 2 My concern here is, if I use some strange exception handling, I can't distinguish between a being empty and a having length = 1.

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  • Yet another list comprehension question

    - by relima
    I had this: if Setting["Language"] == "en": f.m_radioBox3.SetSelection(0) elif Setting["Language"] == "pt": f.m_radioBox3.SetSelection(1) elif Setting["Language"] == "fr": f.m_radioBox3.SetSelection(2) elif Setting["Language"] == "es": f.m_radioBox3.SetSelection(3) Then I did this: Linguas = ["en","pt","fr","es"] a = 0 for i in Linguas: if i == Setting["Language"]: f.m_radioBox3.SetSelection(a) a += 1 Is it possible to further simplify this and make it into a one-liner?

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  • Change web service url for a suds client on runtime (keeping the wsdl)

    - by patanpatan
    Hi. First of all, my question is similar to this one But it's a little bit different. What we have is a series of environments, with the same set of services. For some environments (the local ones) we can get access to the wsdl, and thus generating the suds client. For external environment, we cannot access the wsdl. But being the same, I was hoping I can change just the URL without regenerating the client. I've tried cloning the client, but it doesn't work.

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  • List filtering: list comprehension vs. lambda + filter

    - by Agos
    I happened to find myself having a basic filtering need: I have a list and I have to filter it by an attribute of the items. My code looked like this: list = [i for i in list if i.attribute == value] But then i thought, wouldn't it be better to write it like this? filter(lambda x: x.attribute == value, list) It's more readable, and if needed for performance the lambda could be taken out to gain something. Question is: are there any caveats in using the second way? Any performance difference? Am I missing the Pythonic Way™ entirely and should do it in yet another way (such as using itemgetter instead of the lambda)? Thanks in advance

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  • django-avatar: cant save thumbnail

    - by Znack
    I'm use django-avatar app and can't make it to save thumbnails. The original image save normally in my media dir. Using the step execution showed that error occurred here image.save(thumb, settings.AVATAR_THUMB_FORMAT, quality=quality) I found this line in create_thumbnail: def create_thumbnail(self, size, quality=None): # invalidate the cache of the thumbnail with the given size first invalidate_cache(self.user, size) try: orig = self.avatar.storage.open(self.avatar.name, 'rb') image = Image.open(orig) quality = quality or settings.AVATAR_THUMB_QUALITY w, h = image.size if w != size or h != size: if w > h: diff = int((w - h) / 2) image = image.crop((diff, 0, w - diff, h)) else: diff = int((h - w) / 2) image = image.crop((0, diff, w, h - diff)) if image.mode != "RGB": image = image.convert("RGB") image = image.resize((size, size), settings.AVATAR_RESIZE_METHOD) thumb = six.BytesIO() image.save(thumb, settings.AVATAR_THUMB_FORMAT, quality=quality) thumb_file = ContentFile(thumb.getvalue()) else: thumb_file = File(orig) thumb = self.avatar.storage.save(self.avatar_name(size), thumb_file) except IOError: return # What should we do here? Render a "sorry, didn't work" img? maybe all I need is just some library? Thanks

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  • Creating tables with pylons and SQLAlchemy

    - by Sid
    I'm using SQLAlchemy and I can create tables that I have defined in /model/__init__.py but I have defined my classes, tables and their mappings in other files found in the /model directory. For example I have a profile class and a profile table which are defined and mapped in /model/profile.py To create the tables I run: paster setup-app development.ini But my problem is that the tables that I have defined in /model/__init__.py are created properly but the table definitions found in /model/profile.py are not created. How can I execute the table definitions found in the /model/profile.py so that all my tables can be created? Thanks for the help!

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  • PGU HTML Renderer can't render most sites

    - by None
    I am trying to make a web browser using pygame. I am using PGU for html rendering. It works fine when I visit simple sites, like example.com, but when I try and load anything more complex that uses an html form, like google, I get this error: UnboundLocalError: local variable 'e' referenced before assignment I looked in the PGU html rendering file and found this code segment: def start_input(self,attrs): r = self.attrs_to_map(attrs) params = self.map_to_params(r) #why bother #params = {} type_,name,value = r.get('type','text'),r.get('name',None),r.get('value',None) f = self.form if type_ == 'text': e = gui.Input(**params) self.map_to_connects(e,r) self.item.add(e) elif type_ == 'radio': if name not in f.groups: f.groups[name] = gui.Group(name=name) g = f.groups[name] del params['name'] e = gui.Radio(group=g,**params) self.map_to_connects(e,r) self.item.add(e) if 'checked' in r: g.value = value elif type_ == 'checkbox': if name not in f.groups: f.groups[name] = gui.Group(name=name) g = f.groups[name] del params['name'] e = gui.Checkbox(group=g,**params) self.map_to_connects(e,r) self.item.add(e) if 'checked' in r: g.value = value elif type_ == 'button': e = gui.Button(**params) self.map_to_connects(e,r) self.item.add(e) elif type_ == 'submit': e = gui.Button(**params) self.map_to_connects(e,r) self.item.add(e) elif type_ == 'file': e = gui.Input(**params) self.map_to_connects(e,r) self.item.add(e) b = gui.Button(value='Browse...') self.item.add(b) def _browse(value): d = gui.FileDialog(); d.connect(gui.CHANGE,gui.action_setvalue,(d,e)) d.open(); b.connect(gui.CLICK,_browse,None) self._locals[r.get('id',None)] = e I got the error in the last line, because e wasn't defined. I am guessing the reason for this is that the if statement that checks the type of the input and creates the e variable didn't match anything. I added a line to print the _type variable and I got 'hidden' when i tried google and apple. Is there any way to render form items that have the type 'hidden' with PGU?

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  • How to use ';' in urls, using Google Appengine

    - by tonfa
    Using the local dev server, I can use ';' in urls, but as soon as I try the live version hosted by Google, it looks like the ';' and everything afterward is stripped (at least according to request.path_qs). (I would prefer not to encode them if possible, it's much less user friendly if the url cannot be constructed by copy-pasting, especially since other characters works fine, e.g. ':').

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  • index error:list out of range

    - by kaushik
    from string import Template from string import Formatter import pickle f=open("C:/begpython/text2.txt",'r') p='C:/begpython/text2.txt' f1=open("C:/begpython/text3.txt",'w') m=[] i=0 k='a' while k is not '': k=f.readline() mi=k.split(' ') m=m+[mi] i=i+1 print m[1] f1.write(str(m[3])) f1.write(str(m[4])) x=[] j=0 while j<i: k=j-1 l=j+1 if j==0 or j==i: j=j+1 else: xj=[] xj=xj+[j] xj=xj+[m[j][2]] xj=xj+[m[k][2]] xj=xj+[m[l][2]] xj=xj+[p] x=x+[xj] j=j+1 f1.write(','.join(x)) f.close() f1.close() It say line 33,xj=xj+m[l][2] has index error,list out of range please help thanks in advance

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  • How can I load an MP3 or similar music file for display and anaysis in wxWdigets?

    - by Jon Cage
    I'm developing a GUI in wxPython which allows a user to generate sequences of colours for some toys I'm building. Part of the program needs to load an MP3 (and potentially other formats further down the line) and display it to the user. That shuold be sufficient to get started but later I'd like to add features like identifying beats and some crude frequency analysis. Is there any simple way of loading / understanding an MP3's contents to display a plot of it's amplitudes to the screen using wxWidgets? I later intend to port to C++/wxWidgets for speed and to avoid having to distribute wxPython.

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  • Django & custom auth backend (web service) + no database. How to save stuff in session?

    - by Infinity
    I've been searching here and there, and based on this answer I've put together what you see below. It works, but I need to put some stuff in the user's session, right there inside authenticate. How would I store acme_token in the user's session, so that it will get cleared if they logged out? class AcmeUserBackend(object): # Create a User object if not already in the database? create_unknown_user = False def get_user(self, username): return AcmeUser(id=username) def authenticate(self, username=None, password=None): """ Check the username/password and return an AcmeUser. """ acme_token = ask_another_site_about_creds(username, password) if acme_token: return AcmeUser(id=username) return None ################## from django.contrib.auth.models import User class AcmeUser(User): objects = None # we cannot really use this w/o local DB def save(self): """saving to DB disabled""" pass def get_group_permissions(self): """If you don't make your own permissions module, the default also will use the DB. Throw it away""" return [] # likewise with the other permission defs def get_and_delete_messages(self): """Messages are stored in the DB. Darn!""" return []

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  • Using adaptive step sizes with scipy.integrate.ode

    - by Mike
    The (brief) documentation for scipy.integrate.ode says that two methods (dopri5 and dop853) have stepsize control and dense output. Looking at the examples and the code itself, I can only see a very simple way to get output from an integrator. Namely, it looks like you just step the integrator forward by some fixed dt, get the function value(s) at that time, and repeat. My problem has pretty variable timescales, so I'd like to just get the values at whatever time steps it needs to evaluate to achieve the required tolerances. That is, early on, things are changing slowly, so the output time steps can be big. But as things get interesting, the output time steps have to be smaller. I don't actually want dense output at equal intervals, I just want the time steps the adaptive function uses.

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  • How to save to two tables using one SQLAlchemy model

    - by Oatman
    I have an SQLAlchemy ORM class, linked to MySQL, which works great at saving the data I need down to the underlying table. However, I would like to also save the identical data to a second archive table. Here's some psudocode to try and explain what I mean my_data = Data() #An ORM Class my_data.name = "foo" #This saves just to the 'data' table session.add(my_data) #This will save it to the identical 'backup_data' table my_data_archive = my_data my_data_archive.__tablename__ = 'backup_data' session.add(my_data_archive) #And commits them both session.commit() Just a heads up, I am not interested in mapping a class to a JOIN, as in: http://www.sqlalchemy.org/docs/05/mappers.html#mapping-a-class-against-multiple-tables

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  • Decorator that can take both init args and call args?

    - by digitala
    Is it possible to create a decorator which can be __init__'d with a set of arguments, then later have methods called with other arguments? For instance: from foo import MyDecorator bar = MyDecorator(debug=True) @bar.myfunc(a=100) def spam(): pass @bar.myotherfunc(x=False) def eggs(): pass If this is possible, can you provide a working example?

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  • Django 1.2: Dates in admin forms don't work with Locales (I10N=True)

    - by equalium
    I have an application in Django 1.2. Language is selectable (I18N and Locale = True) When I select the english lang. in the site, the admin works OK. But when I change to any other language this is what happens with date inputs (spanish example): Correctly, the input accepts the spanish format %d/%m/%Y (Even selecting from the calendar, the date inserts as expected). But when I save the form and load it again, the date shows in the english form: %Y-%m-%d The real problem is that when I load the form to change any other text field and try to save it I get an error telling me to enter a valid date, so I have to write all dates again or change the language in the site to use the admin. I haven't specified anything for DATE_INPUT_FORMATS in settings nor have I overridden forms or models. Surely I am missing something but I can't find it. Can anybody give me a hint?

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