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  • Is there a tool for managing redundant pages across a website?

    - by dmanexe
    I am in charge of constructing a website with a '2-dimensional' site map, as explained later. I am looking for (preferably a Wordpress plugin, as the site is built in Wordpress already) that would make managing thousands of pages a lot easier. To explain further, let me iterate my situation. I am building a website for a construction company, and they have several key cities and several key services. Now, they want a parent page for each service, and another unique page for the child sub-service, and finaly, a grandchild page for the city they are performing the service in. For example, if they were doing Concrete Construction in Los Angeles, the URL would look like: /concrete/construction/los-angeles The content on /los-angeles would be the same as on /malibu, or /burbank. However, there would be a different set of content for /concrete/design/los-angeles, but the entire page content (sans a few variables with city names) would be the same. Is there a way to manage or automate 'matrixing' this information on the site? I am looking for a tool that would allow me to easily add a 'city' with the same content across all grandchildren, per the child's content requirements. All of the grandchildren pages will have redundant content across them. Should something like this not exist, how difficult would it be to create, as a freelance side project? I need a tool like this, because I am approaching about ~500 cities and 50 services (Concrete Construction, Concrete Design, Concrete Engineering, etc)

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  • C# GridView dynamically built columns with textboxes ontextchanged

    - by tnriverfish
    My page is a bulk order form that has many products and various size options. I've got a gridview that has a 3 static columns with labels. There are then some dynamically built columns. Each of the dynamically built columns have a textbox in them. The textbox is for quantity. Trying to either update the server with the quantity entered each time a textbox is changed (possibly ontextchanged event) or loop though each of the rows column by column and gather all the items that have a quantity and process those items and their quantities all at once (via button onclick). If I put the process that builds the GridView behind a if(!Page.IsPostBack) then the when a textchanged event fires the gridview only gets the static fields and the dynamic ones are gone. If I remove the if(!Page.IsPostBack) the process to gather and build the page is too heavy on processing and takes too long to render the page again. Some advice would be appreciated. Thanks

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  • Add opening and closing balance columns

    - by user1862899
    i have a table like this: StockNumber|InventoryName|Year|Month|Adj|iss|piss|Tsfr|return|rdj|rpo|xefr alb001 clinic1 2010 1 4 5 5 5 6 5 4 10 alb001 Clinic1 2010 2 10 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 alb001 Clinic1 2010 4 11 3 5 77 90 78 9 6 alb001 Clinic1 2010 5 10 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 i want to add a closing balance column which will be sum(return+rdj+rpo+xefr) - sum(adj+iss+piss+tsfr) i also want to add the opening balance column which will be the be the closing balance of the previous month. i will then calculate the current months balance as OpeningBalance + sum(return+rdj+rpo+xefr) - sum(adj+iss+piss+tsfr) = ClosingBalance NB.The Year and Month columns are floats and also want to change them to date format. i am newbie to sql and crystal reports....i want a query to help me achieve the tasks of developing a report that has the opening and closing balance columns,the opening balance being the previous closing balance.....thank you for your help....

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  • table design for storing large number of rows

    - by hyperboreean
    I am trying to store in a postgresql database some unique identifiers along with the site they have been seen on. I can't really decide which of the following 3 option to choose in order to be faster and easy maintainable. The table would have to provide the following information: the unique identifier which unfortunately it's text the sites on which that unique identifier has been seen The amount of data that would have to hold is rather large: there are around 22 millions unique identifiers that I know of. So I thought about the following designs of the table: id - integer identifier - text seen_on_site - an integer, foreign key to a sites table This approach would require around 22 mil multiplied by the number of sites. id - integer identifier - text seen_on_site_1 - boolean seen_on_site_2 - boolean ............ seen_on_site_n - boolean Hopefully the number of sites won't go past 10. This would require only the number of unique identifiers that I know of, that is around 20 millions, but it would make it hard to work with it from an ORM perspective. one table that would store only unique identifiers, like in: id - integer unique_identifier - text, one table that would store only sites, like in: id - integer site - text and one many to many relation, like: id - integer, unique_id - integer (fk to the table storing identifiers) site_id - integer (fk to sites table) another approach would be to have a table that stores unique identifiers for each site So, which one seems like a better approach to take on the long run?

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  • Make element visible on ajax in JSF2

    - by amorfis
    I have dataTable in my page. Initially I want it to be hidden, and show after fetching data by AJAX request. I know how to fetch data and put into table, but I don't know how to show table if it is hidden. Here is the code: <h:commandButton value="aa"> <f:ajax execute="from to validTo" render="transportOffers"/> </h:commandButton> <p:dataTable id="transportOffers" value="${cargoOffer.transportsForCargo}" var="transport"> <p:column> <h:outputText value="${transport.company}"/> </p:column> </p:dataTable> Table is visible initially, even if it is empty. If I set rendered="false" it is invisible, and remains invisible also after AJAX request. How can I make it hidden initially, and to show up after populating with data?

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  • HTTP Handler error when downloading files - SSL

    - by Chiefy
    Ok big problem as this is affecting two projects on our new server. We have a file that is downloaded by users, the files are downloaded using a HTTPHandler. Since moving the site to the server and setting SSL the downloads have stopped working and we get an error message "Unable to download DownloadDocument.ashx" from site". DownloadDocument.ashx is the handler page that is set in the web.config and the button that goes there is a hyperlink with the id of the document as a querystring. Ive read the article on http://support.microsoft.com/kb/316431 and read a few other requests on this site but nothing seems to be working. This problem only happens in IE and works fine when I run it on the server in http instead of https. public override void HandleRequest(HttpContext context) { Guid guid = new Guid(context.Request.QueryString["ID"]); DataTable dt = Documents.GetDocument(guid); if (dt != null) { context.Response.Cache.SetCacheability(HttpCacheability.Private); context.Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", string.Format("attachment; filename={0}", dt.Rows[0]["DocumentName"].ToString())); context.Response.AddHeader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "binary"); context.Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", ((byte[])dt.Rows[0]["Document"]).Length.ToString()); context.Response.ContentType = string.Format("application/{0}", dt.Rows[0]["Extension"].ToString().Remove(0, 1)); context.Response.Buffer = true; context.Response.BinaryWrite((byte[])dt.Rows[0]["Document"]); context.Response.Flush(); context.Response.End(); } } The above is my current code for the request. Ive used the base handler on http://haacked.com/archive/2005/03/17/AnAbstractBoilerplateHttpHandler.aspx. Any ideas on what this might be and how we can fix it. Thanks in advance for all responses.

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  • How important is it to use SSL on every page of your website?

    - by Mark
    Recently I installed a certificate on the website I'm working on. I've made as much of the site as possible work with HTTP, but after you log in, it has to remain in HTTPS to prevent session hi-jacking, doesn't it? Unfortunately, this causes some problems with Google Maps; I get warnings in IE saying "this page contains insecure content". I don't think we can afford Google Maps Premier right now to get their secure service. It's sort of an auction site so it's fairly important that people don't get charged for things they didn't purchase because some hacker got into their account. All payments are done through PayPal though, so I'm not saving any sort of credit card info, but I am keeping personal contact information. Fraudulent charges could be reversed fairly easily if it ever came to that. What do you guys suggest I do? Should I take the bulk of the site off HTTPS and just secure certain pages like where ever you enter your password, and that's it? That's what our competition seems to do.

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  • AppFabric caching's local cache isnt working for us... What are we doing wrong?

    - by Olly
    We are using appfabric as the 2ndlevel cache for an NHibernate asp.net application comprising a customer facing website and an admin website. They are both connected to the same cache so when admin updates something, the customer facing site is updated. It seems to be working OK - we have a CacheCLuster on a seperate server and all is well but we want to enable localcache to get better performance, however, it dosnt seem to be working. We have enabled it like this... bool UseLocalCache = int LocalCacheObjectCount = int.MaxValue; TimeSpan LocalCacheDefaultTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(3); DataCacheLocalCacheInvalidationPolicy LocalCacheInvalidationPolicy = DataCacheLocalCacheInvalidationPolicy.TimeoutBased; if (UseLocalCache) { configuration.LocalCacheProperties = new DataCacheLocalCacheProperties( LocalCacheObjectCount, LocalCacheDefaultTimeout, LocalCacheInvalidationPolicy ); // configuration.NotificationProperties = new DataCacheNotificationProperties(500, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(300)); } Initially we tried using a timeout invalidation policy (3mins) and our app felt like it was running faster. HOWEVER, we noticed that if we changed something in the admin site, it was immediatley updated in the live site. As we are using timeouts not notifications, this demonstrates that the local cache isnt being queried (or is, but is always missing). The cache.GetType().Name returns "LocalCache" - so the factory has made a local cache. Running "Get-Cache-Statistics MyCache" in PS on my dev environment (asp.net app running local from vs2008, cache cluster running on a seperate w2k8 machine) show a handful of Request Counts. However, on the Production environment, the Request Count increases dramaticaly. We tried following the method here to se the cache cliebt-server traffic... http://blogs.msdn.com/b/appfabriccat/archive/2010/09/20/appfabric-cache-peeking-into-client-amp-server-wcf-communication.aspx but the log file had nothing but the initial header in it - i.e no loggin either. I cant find anything in SO or Google. Have we done something wrong? Have we got a screwy install of AppFabric - we installed it via WebPlatform Installer - I think? (note: the IIS box running ASp.net isnt in yhe cluster - it is just the client). Any insights greatfully received!

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  • Proper HTML technique to create an web form out of an image

    - by Lars
    I plan to create an interactive golf score card for my website (XHTML). (Btw. thats how such a scorecard looks like: ScoreCard). So at the end one should be able to insert a score for each hole in the appropriated input field in the virtual scorecard on the website. For me it is very important that the interactive scorecard really looks the same as the original (paper-) scorecard does and so my first approach was to scan and slice the scorecard image to reach that appearance. Here you can see the way I sliced the image: The idea was to insert HTML text input for each score field ending up with something like this: After I sliced the image I reconstructed it using the HTML . To do that I put the image slices as the cell background. <table> <tr> <td style="background: url("slice1.jpg") width="58px" height="25px"> <input type="text"></inputText> </td> </tr> ... </table> At the first moment this worked fine (as Gimp offers quite a nice feature for this). Then the problem was that I had to create a HTML table to create the exact layout. As you can see the lower part of the layout is split up into 3 columns. The middle column is split up into several (for each hole) rows. So the left and right column have to be spanned over those rows. Ok finally that worked, but it lead to some kind of scaling problem. If I zoom in or out on the table the middle column (and only that one) is not scaled the right way. Iam not able to fix this, and so I start doubting if this is the right technique for html image virtualization. Iam really no specialist in the area of creating websites, so I would really appriciate any help on this. Maybe there is a complete other and better technique to do that, as I think it is a common job in webcreation. I couldnt find any nice examples or tuts on that.

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  • how to query with child relations to same table and order this correctly

    - by robertpnl
    Hi, Take this table: id name sub_id --------------------------- 1 A (null) 2 B (null) 3 A2 1 4 A3 1 The sub_id column is a relation to his owm table, to column ID. subid --- 0:1 --- id Now I have the problem to make a correctly SELECT query to show that the child rows (which sub_id is not null) directly selected under his parent row. So this must be a correctly order: 1 A (null) 3 A2 1 4 A3 1 2 B (null) A normal SELECT order the id. But how or which keyword help me to order this correctly? JOIN isn't possible I think because I want to get all the rows seperated. Because the rows will be displayed on a Gridview (ASP.Net) with EntityDataSource but the child rows must be displayed directly under his parent. Thank you.

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  • PostgreSQL like + Hibernate problem

    - by Marat_Galiev
    Hi all. I want to do search in PostgreSQL for INTEGER based columns. if (!sSearch.isEmpty()) { sSearch = sSearch.replaceAll("[^a-zA-Z0-9]", "_").toLowerCase(); String[] search = sSearch.split(" "); sWhere = " "; for (NewsColumns column : NewsColumns.values()) { for (String s : search) { sWhere += "lower(" + column + "::TEXT) LIKE '%" + s + "%' OR "; } } sWhere = sWhere.substring(0,sWhere.length()-3); } Ok, I want to convert INT value to String before search, with '::TEXT' expression. But after executing I'm getting: org.hibernate.QueryException: Not all named parameters have been set: [:TEXT] [select * from news WHERE lower(ID::TEXT) LIKE '%5%' Exception. Looks like hibernate parse my convert exp as parameter. Any help is appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Searching a 2D array for a range of values in java

    - by Paige O
    I have a 2^n size int array and I want to check if an element exists that is greater than 0. If the element exists, I want to divide the array by 4 and check if the coordinates of the found element are in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd or 4th quadrant of the array. For example, logically if the element exists in the first quadrant it would look something like this: If array[][] 0 && the row of that coordinate is in the range 0-(grid.length/2-1) && the column of that coordinate is in the range 0-(grid.length/2-1) then do something. I'm really not sure how to check the row and column index of the found element and store those coordinates to use in my if statement. Help!

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  • Stretch panel with splitter

    - by user1153896
    I want to implement a basic WPF layout with three panels and two splitters (Horizontal and Vertical splitter). Two panels on the left and on the bottom has to be callapsable and one panel has to stretch accordingly. Here is a simple XAML: <Grid> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/> <ColumnDefinition Width="5"/> <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <StackPanel Background="Aqua" Grid.Column="0" Name="leftPanel" > <TextBlock FontSize="35" Foreground="#58290A" TextWrapping="Wrap">Left Hand Side</TextBlock> </StackPanel> <GridSplitter Grid.Column="1" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"/> <Grid Grid.Column="2" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="*" /> <RowDefinition Height="5" /> <RowDefinition Height="*" /> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch"> <Label Content="... Clien Area .. Has to Stretch vertically and horizontally" Margin="10"></Label> <Button Click="LeftButton_Click" Margin="10">Close Left Panel</Button> <Button Click="BottomButton_Click" Margin="10">Close Bottom Panel</Button> </StackPanel> <GridSplitter Grid.Row="1" Background="Gray" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"/> <ListBox Grid.Row="2" Background="Violet" Name="bottomPanel"> <ListBoxItem>Hello</ListBoxItem> <ListBoxItem>World</ListBoxItem> </ListBox> </Grid> </Grid> and codebehind: private void LeftButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { leftPanel.Visibility = (leftPanel.Visibility == System.Windows.Visibility.Visible)? System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed : System.Windows.Visibility.Visible; } private void BottomButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { bottomPanel.Visibility = (bottomPanel.Visibility == System.Windows.Visibility.Visible) ? System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed : System.Windows.Visibility.Visible; } This code doesn't work as expected :(. Any WPF experts around? to suggest a solution for having Client Area (stretched) and splitter at the same time? DockPanel will work perfectly, but I need splitter! Thanks.

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  • I am designing a bus timetable using SQL. Each bus route has multiple stops, do I need a different t

    - by Henry
    I am trying to come up with the most efficient database as possible. My bus routes all have about 10 stops. The bus starts at number one until it reaches the 10th stop, then it comes back again. This cycle happens 3 times a day. I am really stuck as to how I can efficiently generate the times for the buses and where I should store the stops. If I put all the stops in one field and the times in another, the database won't be very dynamic. If I store all the stops one by one in a column and then the times in another column, there will be a lot of repeating happening further down as one stop has multiple times. Maybe I am missing something, I've only just started learning SQL and this is a task we have been set. Thanks in advance.

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  • SQLite Delphi thowing up incorrect exception.

    - by NeoNMD
    "Project CompetitionServer.exe raised exception class ESQLiteException with message 'Error executing SQL. Error [1]: SQL error or missing database. "INSERT INTO MatchesTable(MatchesID,RoundID,AkaFirstName,AoFirstName)VALUES(1,2,p,o)": no such column: p'. Process stopped. Use Step or Run to continue." This is clear to everone here that the notice is correct, p is NOT a column, it is some data I am trying to insert. What is the problem here?

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  • R- delete rows in multiple columns by unique number

    - by Vincent Moriarty
    Given data like this C1<-c(3,-999.000,4,4,5) C2<-c(3,7,3,4,5) C3<-c(5,4,3,6,-999.000) DF<-data.frame(ID=c("A","B","C","D","E"),C1=C1,C2=C2,C3=C3) How do I go about removing the -999.000 data in all of the columns I know this works per column DF2<-DF[!(DF$C1==-999.000 | DF$C2==-999.000 | DF$C3==-999.000),] But I'd like to avoid referencing each column. I am thinking there is an easy way to reference all of the columns in a particular data frame aka: DF3<-DF[!(DF[,]==-999.000),] or DF3<-DF[!(DF[,(2:4)]==-999.000),] but obviously these do not work And out of curiosity, bonus points if you can me why I need that last comma before the ending square bracket as in: ==-999.000),]

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  • custom control in DataGridTemplateColumn

    - by Johnsonlu
    Hi all, I'd like to add my custom control into a template column of data grid. The custom control is very similar to a text box, but has an icon in it. The user can click the icon, and selects an item from a prompted window, then the selected item will be filled into the text box. My problem is when the text box is filled, after I click the second column, the text will disappear. If I replace the custom control with a simple text box, the result is the same. Here is the sample code: //Employee.cs using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace SimpleGridTest { public class Employee { public string Department { get; set; } public int ID { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } } } Mainwindow.xaml <Window x:Class="SimpleGridTest.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525"> <Grid> <DataGrid x:Name="grid" Grid.Row="1" Margin="5" AutoGenerateColumns="False" RowHeight="25" RowHeaderWidth="10" ItemsSource="{Binding}" CanUserAddRows="True" CanUserSortColumns="False"> <DataGrid.Columns> <DataGridTemplateColumn Header="Department" Width="150"> <DataGridTemplateColumn.CellTemplate> <DataTemplate> <TextBox Text="{Binding Department}" /> </DataTemplate> </DataGridTemplateColumn.CellTemplate> </DataGridTemplateColumn> <DataGridTextColumn Header="ID" Binding="{Binding Path=ID}" Width="100"/> <DataGridTextColumn Header="Name" Binding="{Binding Path=Name}" Width="200"/> </DataGrid.Columns> </DataGrid> </Grid> </Window> MainWindow.xaml.cs using System.Windows; using System.Collections.ObjectModel; namespace SimpleGridTest { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window { private ObservableCollection<Employee> _employees = new ObservableCollection<Employee>(); public ObservableCollection<Employee> Employees { get { return _employees; } set { _employees = value; } } public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); grid.ItemsSource = Employees; } } } How can I fix this problem? Or I need to write a DataGrid***Column as DataGridTextColumn? Thanks in advance! Best Regards, Johnson

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  • Which data structure for List of objects + datagrid wiev

    - by Martin
    Hi, I have to develop a code which will store a list of objects, as example below 101, value 11, value 12, value 13 ...etc 102, value 21, value 22, value 23 ...etc 103, value 31, value 32, value 33 ...etc 104, value 41, value 42, value 43 ...etc Now, the difficulty is, that first column is an identifier, and whole table should always be sorted by it. Easy access to each element is required. Additionally, list should be easily updated, and extended by adding element at the end as well as in front and still keep being sorted by first column. Finally, I would like to be able to display values of the above in datagridview. What is most important is a performance of the implementation, as rows will be updated many times per second, and datagridview should be able to display all changes immediately. I was thinking about creating class for the values, and then a Dictionary but encountered a problem with displaying values in gridview. What would be the most optimal way of implementing the code? Thanks in advance Martin

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  • Very strange client/browser issue

    - by Jeriko
    One of our clients has logged a very strange issue with us- We launched a preview for their website, but when it's viewed on their main PC, peculiar things start to happen... At first, the stylesheet wasn't being found, and so accessing any page resulted in one void of all styles. We sent them a direct link to the stylesheet, which was viewable from all our computers in the office - but gave a "File Not Found" error on their side. I then deleted the file, and replaced it with a new blank file, which he could then access. Copy-pasted screen.css contents into this file, and he could then view it fine, and stylesheets magically worked on the site again. Now, he can view styles, but not the referenced header images. The strange thing is that this problem doesn't exist on any other PC we've tested, or on any other site on the problem computer, but obviously we'd like our client's site to work for them. The strange thing is, they can view other sites of ours, hosted on the same server, built on top of the same CMS (and so most of the files are the same) without problem - but are getting 404s for files that most definitely do exist. Stylesheets are not turned off, nor is anything specifically deactivated on their browser (as other sites are fine) Reloading with CTRL+F5 doesn't help The client is using the latest version of firefox Any ideas here on what to try / how to narrow the problem down?

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  • slicing 2d numpy array

    - by MedicalMath
    I have a 2d numpy array called FilteredOutput that has 2 columns and 10001 rows, though the number of rows is a variable. I am trying to take the 2nd column of FilteredOutput and use it to populate a new 1d numpy array called timeSeriesArray using the following line of code: timeSeriesArray=p.array(FilteredOutput[:,0]) I got this syntax from the following link. But the problem is that I am getting the following error message: TypeError: list indices must be integers, not tuple Can anyone show me the proper syntax for populating the 1d array timeSeriesArray with the contents of the second column of the 2d array FilteredOutput?

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  • How many bytes does Oracle use when storing a single character?

    - by Mr-sk
    I tried to look here: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14220/datatype.htm#i3253 And I understand that I have to provide string length for the column, I'm just not able to find out how many bytes oracle uses when storing a character. My limit is 500 characters, so if its 1 byte / character, I can create the column with 500, if its 2 byte / character then 1000, etc. Anyone have a link to the documentation or know for certain? In case it matters, the SQL is being called from PHP, so these are PHP strings I'm inserting into the database. Thanks.

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  • How to find duplicate values in SQL Server

    - by hgulyan
    Hi, I'm using SQL Server 2008. I have a table Customers customer_number int field1 varchar field2 varchar field3 varchar field4 varchar ... and a lot more columns, that doesn't matter for my queries. Column *customer_number* is pk. I'm trying to find duplicate values and some differences between them. Please, help me to find all rows that have same 1) field1, field2, field3, field4 2) only 3 columns are equal and one of them isn't (except rows from list 1) 3) only 2 columns equal and two of them aren't (except rows from list 1 and list 2) In the end, I'll have 3 tables with this results and additional groupId, which will be same for a group of similars (For example, for 3 column equals, rows that have 3 same columns equal will be a seperate group) Thank you.

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  • How do I use BCP or Sql Server Management Studio to get BLOB data our of Sql Server?

    - by Eric
    I'm sorry if this question has been asked already, but I couldn't find it anywhere. I have a table that stores files as BLOBS. The column that holds the file is an image datatype. I would like to be able to extract the binary data out of the column and turn it in to an actual file. I would ideally like to be able to do this with BCP or management studio if possible. I have tried BCP, but for some reason when I try and pull out an office document Word thinks it's corrupt. Here's what I've tried so far (obviously the values have been changed to protect the innocent :): bcp "select document_binary_data from database where id = 12345" queryout "c:\filename.doc" -n -S server -U username -P password This isn't working though? Any thoughts?

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  • Best way to test for a variable's existence in PHP; isset() is clearly broken

    - by chazomaticus
    From the isset() docs: isset() will return FALSE if testing a variable that has been set to NULL. Basically, isset() doesn't check for whether the variable is set at all, but whether it's set to anything but NULL. Given that, what's the best way to actually check for the existence of a variable? I tried something like: if(isset($v) || @is_null($v)) (the @ is necessary to avoid the warning when $v is not set) but is_null() has a similar problem to isset(): it returns TRUE on unset variables! It also appears that: @($v === NULL) works exactly like @is_null($v), so that's out, too. How are we supposed to reliably check for the existence of a variable in PHP? Edit: there is clearly a difference in PHP between variables that are not set, and variables that are set to NULL: <?php $a = array('b' => NULL); var_dump($a); PHP shows that $a['b'] exists, and has a NULL value. If you add: var_dump(isset($a['b'])); var_dump(isset($a['c'])); you can see the ambiguity I'm talking about with the isset() function. Here's the output of all three of these var_dump()s: array(1) { ["b"]=> NULL } bool(false) bool(false) Further edit: two things. One, a use case. An array being turned into the data of an SQL UPDATE statement, where the array's keys are the table's columns, and the array's values are the values to be applied to each column. Any of the table's columns can hold a NULL value, signified by passing a NULL value in the array. You need a way to differentiate between an array key not existing, and an array's value being set to NULL; that's the difference between not updating the column's value and updating the column's value to NULL. Second, Zoredache's answer, array_key_exists() works correctly, for my above use case and for any global variables: <?php $a = NULL; var_dump(array_key_exists('a', $GLOBALS)); var_dump(array_key_exists('b', $GLOBALS)); outputs: bool(true) bool(false) Since that properly handles just about everywhere I can see there being any ambiguity between variables that don't exist and variables that are set to NULL, I'm calling array_key_exists() the official easiest way in PHP to truly check for the existence of a variable. (Only other case I can think of is for class properties, for which there's property_exists(), which, according to its docs, works similarly to array_key_exists() in that it properly distinguishes between not being set and being set to NULL.)

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