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  • convert image to spritesheet of tiles for isometric map?

    - by Paul
    is there a way to convert an isometric image (like the first image) to a spritesheet (like the second image), in order to place each image on the isometric map with the code? The map looks like the first image, but some buildings are bigger than just one tile, so I need several squares (let's say the first image is a building, made of multiple tiles with different colors), and each square is placed with an offset of 64x32. The building is created in Blender and I save the image with the isometric perspective. But I have to split each square from this image in order to have the spritesheet, maybe there is smarter way, or a java software that would make the conversion for me?

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  • How can I make video games if I don't like programming?

    - by hoper
    I am studying C++ code in my school (my major is computer programming). Honestly, my grades are not so good, and assignments are really hard. Sometimes I feel sad that I will spend 8-10 hours per day coding (which is stressful) in the future for my job. But I still want to make video games. Maybe this is the only reason why I am taking all of these stressful courses. I always write down plots, stories, characters, fictional gaming worlds... Once, I thought I should study artistic technology such as game design and not computer technology such as C++, C#, etc. However, most of popular game designers (or directors) such as Kojima, Miyamoto, etc. used to be good programmers. Companies actaully assign programmers to directors because they understand how to make a game. I've try to find other colleges or universities where they teach game design programs. However, one article that lists rank 10 game design schools in North America seems untrustful because the survey company only scores it from intervews of students. Once, I tried to attend Art Institute of Vancouver which is rank 7 according to that article. However, one programmer who used to be an instructor in there told me the truth: the employement rate of graduated students is low. How can I have a future making games if I don't like programming?

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  • GoogleAppEngine : ClassNotFoundException : javax.jdo.metadata.ComponentMetadata

    - by James.Elsey
    I'm trying to deploy my application to a locally running GoogleAppEngine development server, but I'm getting the following stack trace when I start the server Apr 23, 2010 9:03:33 PM com.google.apphosting.utils.jetty.JettyLogger warn WARNING: Nested in org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'clientDao' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'entityManagerFactory' while setting bean property 'entityManagerFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/jdo/metadata/ComponentMetadata: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.jdo.metadata.ComponentMetadata at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:217) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:205) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:319) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.IsolatedAppClassLoader.loadClass(IsolatedAppClassLoader.java:151) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:264) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:332) at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:264) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper$18.run(JDOHelper.java:2009) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper$18.run(JDOHelper.java:2007) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper.forName(JDOHelper.java:2006) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper.invokeGetPersistenceManagerFactoryOnImplementation(JDOHelper.java:1155) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper.getPersistenceManagerFactory(JDOHelper.java:803) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper.getPersistenceManagerFactory(JDOHelper.java:698) at org.datanucleus.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.initialisePMF(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:482) at org.datanucleus.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.<init>(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:255) at org.datanucleus.store.appengine.jpa.DatastoreEntityManagerFactory.<init>(DatastoreEntityManagerFactory.java:68) at org.datanucleus.store.appengine.jpa.DatastorePersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(DatastorePersistenceProvider.java:45) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:224) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:291) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1369) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1335) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:473) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$1.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:380) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:264) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:261) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:164) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:269) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:104) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1245) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1010) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:472) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$1.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:380) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:264) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:261) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:164) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:429) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:728) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:380) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:255) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:199) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:45) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.ContextHandler.startContext(ContextHandler.java:530) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.Context.startContext(Context.java:135) at org.mortbay.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext.startContext(WebAppContext.java:1218) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.ContextHandler.doStart(ContextHandler.java:500) at org.mortbay.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext.doStart(WebAppContext.java:448) at org.mortbay.component.AbstractLifeCycle.start(AbstractLifeCycle.java:40) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.HandlerWrapper.doStart(HandlerWrapper.java:117) at org.mortbay.component.AbstractLifeCycle.start(AbstractLifeCycle.java:40) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.HandlerWrapper.doStart(HandlerWrapper.java:117) at org.mortbay.jetty.Server.doStart(Server.java:217) at org.mortbay.component.AbstractLifeCycle.start(AbstractLifeCycle.java:40) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.JettyContainerService.startContainer(JettyContainerService.java:181) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.AbstractContainerService.startup(AbstractContainerService.java:116) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.DevAppServerImpl.start(DevAppServerImpl.java:217) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.DevAppServerMain$StartAction.apply(DevAppServerMain.java:162) at com.google.appengine.tools.util.Parser$ParseResult.applyArgs(Parser.java:48) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.DevAppServerMain.<init>(DevAppServerMain.java:113) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.DevAppServerMain.main(DevAppServerMain.java:89) The server is running at http://localhost:1234/ I'm a little confused over this, since I have the same application running locally on GlassFish/MySQL. All I have done is to swap in the relevant jar files, and change the persistence.xml. My applicationContext.xml looks as follows : <context:annotation-config/> <bean id="clientDao" class="com.jameselsey.salestracker.dao.jpa.JpaDaoClient"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/> </bean> <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"/> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" /> </bean> <bean id="org.springframework.context.annotation.internalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor" class="com.jameselsey.salestracker.util.GaeFixInternalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor" /> <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/> <tx:annotation-driven/> <bean id="clientService" class="com.jameselsey.salestracker.service.ClientService"/> </beans> My JPA DAO looks like this public class JpaDao extends JpaDaoSupport { protected <T> List<T> findAll(Class<T> clazz) { return getJpaTemplate().find("select c from " + clazz.getName() + " c"); } protected <T> T findOne(String jpql, Map params) { List<T> results = getJpaTemplate().findByNamedParams(jpql, params); if(results.isEmpty()) { return null; } if(results.size() > 1) { throw new IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException(1, results.size()); } return results.get(0); } } And an example implemented method looks like this : @Override public Client getClientById(Integer clientId) { String jpql = "SELECT c " + "FROM com.jameselsey.salestracker.domain.Client c " + "WHERE c.id = " + clientId; return (Client) getJpaTemplate().find(jpql).get(0); } Like I say, this works ok on Glassfish/MySQL, is it possible this error could be a red herring to something else?

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  • Simple iOS glDrawElements - BAD_ACCESS

    - by user699215
    You can copy paste this into the default OpenGl template created in Xcode. Why am I not seeing anything :-) It is strange as the glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3); is working fine, but with glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, sizeof(indices)/sizeof(GLubyte), GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices); Is giving BAD_ACCESS? Copy paste this into Xcode default OpenGl template: ViewController #import "ViewController.h" #define BUFFER_OFFSET(i) ((char *)NULL + (i)) // Uniform index. enum { UNIFORM_MODELVIEWPROJECTION_MATRIX, UNIFORM_NORMAL_MATRIX, NUM_UNIFORMS }; GLint uniforms[NUM_UNIFORMS]; // Attribute index. enum { ATTRIB_VERTEX, ATTRIB_NORMAL, NUM_ATTRIBUTES }; @interface ViewController () { GLKMatrix4 _modelViewProjectionMatrix; GLKMatrix3 _normalMatrix; float _rotation; GLuint _vertexArray; GLuint _vertexBuffer; NSArray* arrayOfVertex; } @property (strong, nonatomic) EAGLContext *context; @property (strong, nonatomic) GLKBaseEffect *effect; - (void)setupGL; - (void)tearDownGL; @end @implementation ViewController - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; self.context = [[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES2]; GLKView *view = (GLKView *)self.view; view.context = self.context; view.drawableDepthFormat = GLKViewDrawableDepthFormat24; [self setupGL]; } - (void)dealloc { [self tearDownGL]; if ([EAGLContext currentContext] == self.context) { [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:nil]; } } - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; if ([self isViewLoaded] && ([[self view] window] == nil)) { self.view = nil; [self tearDownGL]; if ([EAGLContext currentContext] == self.context) { [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:nil]; } self.context = nil; } // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated. } GLuint vertexBufferID; GLuint indexBufferID; static const GLfloat vertices[9] = { -0.5, -0.5, 0.5, 0.5, -0.5, 0.5, -0.5, 0.5, 0.5 }; static const GLubyte indices[3] = { 0, 1, 2 }; - (void)setupGL { [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:self.context]; // [self loadShaders]; self.effect = [[GLKBaseEffect alloc] init]; self.effect.light0.enabled = GL_TRUE; self.effect.light0.diffuseColor = GLKVector4Make(1.0f, 0.4f, 0.4f, 1.0f); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); // glGenVertexArraysOES(1, &_vertexArray); // glBindVertexArrayOES(_vertexArray); glGenBuffers(1, &vertexBufferID); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexBufferID); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glGenBuffers(1, &indexBufferID); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indexBufferID); glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(indices), indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribPosition); glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribPosition, // Specifies the index of the generic vertex attribute to be modified. 3, // Specifies the number of components per generic vertex attribute. Must be 1, 2, 3, 4. GL_FLOAT, // GL_FALSE, // 0, // BUFFER_OFFSET(0)); // // glBindVertexArrayOES(0); } - (void)tearDownGL { [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:self.context]; glDeleteBuffers(1, &_vertexBuffer); glDeleteVertexArraysOES(1, &_vertexArray); self.effect = nil; } #pragma mark - GLKView and GLKViewController delegate methods - (void)update { float aspect = fabsf(self.view.bounds.size.width / self.view.bounds.size.height); GLKMatrix4 projectionMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakePerspective(GLKMathDegreesToRadians(65.0f), aspect, 0.1f, 100.0f); self.effect.transform.projectionMatrix = projectionMatrix; GLKMatrix4 baseModelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeTranslation(0.0f, 0.0f, -4.0f); baseModelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4Rotate(baseModelViewMatrix, _rotation, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // Compute the model view matrix for the object rendered with GLKit GLKMatrix4 modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeTranslation(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.5f); modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4Rotate(modelViewMatrix, _rotation, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4Multiply(baseModelViewMatrix, modelViewMatrix); self.effect.transform.modelviewMatrix = modelViewMatrix; // Compute the model view matrix for the object rendered with ES2 modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeTranslation(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.5f); modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4Rotate(modelViewMatrix, _rotation, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4Multiply(baseModelViewMatrix, modelViewMatrix); _normalMatrix = GLKMatrix3InvertAndTranspose(GLKMatrix4GetMatrix3(modelViewMatrix), NULL); _modelViewProjectionMatrix = GLKMatrix4Multiply(projectionMatrix, modelViewMatrix); _rotation += self.timeSinceLastUpdate * 0.5f; } int i; - (void)glkView:(GLKView *)view drawInRect:(CGRect)rect { glClearColor(0.65f, 0.65f, 0.65f, 1.0f); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // glBindVertexArrayOES(_vertexArray); // Render the object with GLKit [self.effect prepareToDraw]; //glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3); // Render the object again with ES2 // glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, sizeof(indices)/sizeof(GLubyte), GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices); } @end

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  • How much info can I store in a cookie?

    - by Artemix
    Hi guys, Im developing a flash game and I'd like to know how much info can I store in a browser cookie. The game is simple, but it needs to store several variables in order to save all the details of your current progress. The game is only one swf file, no server, no nothing. I need to know how should I use the cookies to achieve this, and if they have the posibility of doing it, of course. (several = 200 variables i.e)

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  • Sending a android.content.Context parameter to a function with JNI

    - by Ef Es
    I am trying to create a method that checks for internet connection that needs a Context parameter. The JNIHelper allows me to call static functions with parameters, but I don't know how to "retrieve" Cocos2d-x Activity class to use it as a parameter. public static boolean isNetworkAvailable(Context context) { boolean haveConnectedWifi = false; boolean haveConnectedMobile = false; ConnectivityManager cm = (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService( Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE); NetworkInfo[] netInfo = cm.getAllNetworkInfo(); for (NetworkInfo ni : netInfo) { if (ni.getTypeName().equalsIgnoreCase("WIFI")) if (ni.isConnected()) haveConnectedWifi = true; if (ni.getTypeName().equalsIgnoreCase("MOBILE")) if (ni.isConnected()) haveConnectedMobile = true; } return haveConnectedWifi || haveConnectedMobile; } and the c++ code is JniMethodInfo methodInfo; if ( !JniHelper::getStaticMethodInfo( methodInfo, "my/app/TestApp", "isNetworkAvailable", "(android/content/Context;)V")) { //error return; } CCLog( "Method found and loaded!"); methodInfo.env->CallStaticVoidMethod( methodInfo.classID, methodInfo.methodID); methodInfo.env->DeleteLocalRef( methodInfo.classID);

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  • How can I draw an arrow at the edge of the screen pointing to an object that is off screen?

    - by Adam Henderson
    I am wishing to do what is described in this topic: http://www.allegro.cc/forums/print-thread/283220 I have attempted a variety of the methods mentioned here. First I tried to use the method described by Carrus85: Just take the ratio of the two triangle hypontenuses (doesn't matter which triagle you use for the other, I suggest point 1 and point 2 as the distance you calculate). This will give you the aspect ratio percentage of the triangle in the corner from the larger triangle. Then you simply multiply deltax by that value to get the x-coordinate offset, and deltay by that value to get the y-coordinate offset. But I could not find a way to calculate how far the object is away from the edge of the screen. I then tried using ray casting (which I have never done before) suggested by 23yrold3yrold: Fire a ray from the center of the screen to the offscreen object. Calculate where on the rectangle the ray intersects. There's your coordinates. I first calculated the hypotenuse of the triangle formed by the difference in x and y positions of the two points. I used this to create a unit vector along that line. I looped through that vector until either the x coordinate or the y coordinate was off the screen. The two current x and y values then form the x and y of the arrow. Here is the code for my ray casting method (written in C++ and Allegro 5) void renderArrows(Object* i) { float x1 = i->getX() + (i->getWidth() / 2); float y1 = i->getY() + (i->getHeight() / 2); float x2 = screenCentreX; float y2 = ScreenCentreY; float dx = x2 - x1; float dy = y2 - y1; float hypotSquared = (dx * dx) + (dy * dy); float hypot = sqrt(hypotSquared); float unitX = dx / hypot; float unitY = dy / hypot; float rayX = x2 - view->getViewportX(); float rayY = y2 - view->getViewportY(); float arrowX = 0; float arrowY = 0; bool posFound = false; while(posFound == false) { rayX += unitX; rayY += unitY; if(rayX <= 0 || rayX >= screenWidth || rayY <= 0 || rayY >= screenHeight) { arrowX = rayX; arrowY = rayY; posFound = true; } } al_draw_bitmap(sprite, arrowX - spriteWidth, arrowY - spriteHeight, 0); } This was relatively successful. Arrows are displayed in the bottom right section of the screen when objects are located above and left of the screen as if the locations of the where the arrows are drawn have been rotated 180 degrees around the center of the screen. I assumed this was due to the fact that when I was calculating the hypotenuse of the triangle, it would always be positive regardless of whether or not the difference in x or difference in y is negative. Thinking about it, ray casting does not seem like a good way of solving the problem (due to the fact that it involves using sqrt() and a large for loop). Any help finding a suitable solution would be greatly appreciated, Thanks Adam

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  • Fog shader camera problem

    - by MaT
    I have some difficulties with my vertex-fragment fog shader in Unity. I have a good visual result but the problem is that the gradient is based on the camera's position, it moves as the camera moves. I don't know how to fix it. Here is the shader code. struct v2f { float4 pos : SV_POSITION; float4 grabUV : TEXCOORD0; float2 uv_depth : TEXCOORD1; float4 interpolatedRay : TEXCOORD2; float4 screenPos : TEXCOORD3; }; v2f vert(appdata_base v) { v2f o; o.pos = mul(UNITY_MATRIX_MVP, v.vertex); o.uv_depth = v.texcoord.xy; o.grabUV = ComputeGrabScreenPos(o.pos); half index = v.vertex.z; o.screenPos = ComputeScreenPos(o.pos); o.interpolatedRay = mul(UNITY_MATRIX_MV, v.vertex); return o; } sampler2D _GrabTexture; float4 frag(v2f IN) : COLOR { float3 uv = UNITY_PROJ_COORD(IN.grabUV); float dpth = UNITY_SAMPLE_DEPTH(tex2Dproj(_CameraDepthTexture, uv)); dpth = LinearEyeDepth(dpth); float4 wsPos = (IN.screenPos + dpth * IN.interpolatedRay); // Here is the problem but how to fix it float fogVert = max(0.0, (wsPos.y - _Depth) * (_DepthScale * 0.1f)); fogVert *= fogVert; fogVert = (exp (-fogVert)); return fogVert; } Thanks a lot !

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  • How does an Engine like Source process entities?

    - by Júlio Souza
    [background information] On the Source engine (and it's antecessor, goldsrc, quake's) the game objects are divided on two types, world and entities. The world is the map geometry and the entities are players, particles, sounds, scores, etc (for the Source Engine). Every entity has a think function, which do all the logic for that entity. So, if everything that needs to be processed comes from a base class with the think function, the game engine could store everything on a list and, on every frame, loop through it and call that function. On a first look, this idea is reasonable, but it can take too much resources, if the game has a lot of entities.. [end of background information] So, how does a engine like Source take care (process, update, draw, etc) of the game objects?

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  • How does flocking algorithm work?

    - by Chan
    I read and understand the basic of flocking algorithm. Basically, we need to have 3 behaviors: 1. Cohesion 2. Separation 3. Alignment From my understanding, it's like a state machine. Every time we do an update (then draw), we check all the constraints on both three behaviors. And each behavior returns a Vector3 which is the "correct" orientation that an object should transform to. So my initial idea was /// <summary> /// Objects stick together /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> private Vector3 Cohesion() { Vector3 result = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); return result; } /// <summary> /// Object align /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> private Vector3 Align() { Vector3 result = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); return result; } /// <summary> /// Object separates from each others /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> private Vector3 Separate() { Vector3 result = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); return result; } Then I search online for pseudocode but many of them involve velocity and acceleration plus other stuffs. This part confused me. In my game, all objects move at constant speed, and they have one leader. So can anyone share me an idea how to start on implement this flocking algorithm? Also, did I understand it correctly? (I'm using XNA 4.0)

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  • Rotate a particle system

    - by Blueski
    Languages / Libraries in use: C++, OpenGL, GLUT Okay, here's the deal. I've got a particle system which shoots out alpha blended textures to produce a flame. The system only keeps track of very basic things such as, time alive, life, xyz and spread. The direction in which the flames are currently moving in is purely based on other things which are going on in my code ( I assume ). My goal however, is to attach the flame to the camera (DONE) and have the flame pointing in the direction my camera is facing (NOT WORKING). I've tried glRotate for both x,y,z and I can't get it to work properly. I'm currently using gluLookAt to move the camera, and get the flame to follow the XYZ of the camera by calling glTranslatef(camX, camY - offset, camZ); Any suggestions on how I can rotate the direction of the flame with the camera would be greatly appreciated. Heres an image of what I've got: http://i.imgur.com/YhV4w.png Notes: Crosshair depicts where camera is facing if I turn the camera, flame doesn't follow the crosshair Also asked here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9560396/rotate-a-particle-system but was referred here

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  • When should a bullet texture be loaded in XNA?

    - by Bill
    I'm making a SpaceWar!-esque game using XNA. I want to limit my ships to 5 active bullets at any time. I have a Bullet DrawableGameComponent and a Ship DrawableGameComponent. My Ship has an array of 5 Bullet. What is the best way to manage the Bullet textures? Specifically, when should I be calling LoadTexture? Right now, my solution is to populate the Bullet array in the Ship's constructor, with LoadTexture being called in the Bullet constructor. The Bullet objects will be disabled/not visible except when they are active. Does the texture really need to be loaded once for each individual instance of the bullet object? This seems like a very processor-intensive operation. Note: This is a small-scale project, so I'm OK with not implementing a huge texture-management framework since there won't be more than half a dozen or so in the entire game. I'd still like to hear about scalable solutions for future applications, though.

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  • How do I properly use String literals for loading content?

    - by Dave Voyles
    I've been using verbatim string literals for some time now, and never quite thought about using a regular string literal until I started to come across them in Microsoft provided XNA samples. With that said, I'm trying to implement a new AudioManager class from the Net Rumble sample. I have two (2) issues here: Question 1: In my code for my GameplayScreen screen I have a folder location written as the following, and it works fine: menuButton = content.Load<SoundEffect>(@"sfx/menuButton"); menuClose = content.Load<SoundEffect>(@"sfx/menuClose"); If you notice, you'll see that I'm using a verbatim string, with a forward slash "/". In the AudioManager class, they use a regular string literal, but with two backslashes "\". I understand that one is used as an escape, but why are they BACK instead of FORWARD? (See below) soundList[soundName] = game.Content.Load<SoundEffect>("audio\\wav\\"+ soundName); Question 2: I seem to be doing everything correctly in my AudioManager class, but I'm not sure of what this line means: audioFileList = audioFolder.GetFiles("*.xnb"); I suppose that the *xnb means look for everything BUT files that end in *xnb? I can't figure out what I'm doing wrong with my file locations, as the sound effects are not playing. My code is not much different from what I've linked to above. private AudioManager(Game game, DirectoryInfo audioDirectory) : base(game) { try { audioFolder = audioDirectory; audioFileList = audioFolder.GetFiles("*.mp3"); soundList = new Dictionary<string, SoundEffect>(); for (int i = 0; i < audioFileList.Length; i++) { string soundName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(audioFileList[i].Name); soundList[soundName] = game.Content.Load<SoundEffect>(@"sfx\" + soundName); soundList[soundName].Name = soundName; } // Plays this track while the GameplayScreen is active soundtrack = game.Content.Load<Song>("boomer"); } catch (NoAudioHardwareException) { // silently fall back to silence } }

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  • Clipping polygons in XNA with stencil (not using spritebatch)

    - by Blau
    The problem... i'm drawing polygons, in this case boxes, and i want clip children polygons with its parent's client area. // Class Region public void Render(GraphicsDevice Device, Camera Camera) { int StencilLevel = 0; Device.Clear( ClearOptions.Stencil, Vector4.Zero, 0, StencilLevel ); Render( Device, Camera, StencilLevel ); } private void Render(GraphicsDevice Device, Camera Camera, int StencilLevel) { Device.SamplerStates[0] = this.SamplerState; Device.Textures[0] = this.Texture; Device.RasterizerState = RasterizerState.CullNone; Device.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend; Device.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default; Effect.Prepare(this, Camera ); Device.DepthStencilState = GlobalContext.GraphicsStates.IncMask; Device.ReferenceStencil = StencilLevel; foreach ( EffectPass pass in Effect.Techniques[Technique].Passes ) { pass.Apply( ); Device.DrawUserIndexedPrimitives<VertexPositionColorTexture>( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, VertexData, 0, VertexData.Length, IndexData, 0, PrimitiveCount ); } foreach ( Region child in ChildrenRegions ) { child.Render( Device, Camera, StencilLevel + 1 ); } Effect.Prepare( this, Camera ); // This does not works Device.BlendState = GlobalContext.GraphicsStates.NoWriteColor; Device.DepthStencilState = GlobalContext.GraphicsStates.DecMask; Device.ReferenceStencil = StencilLevel; // This should be +1, but in that case the last drrawed is blue and overlap all foreach ( EffectPass pass in Effect.Techniques[Technique].Passes ) { pass.Apply( ); Device.DrawUserIndexedPrimitives<VertexPositionColorTexture>( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, VertexData, 0, VertexData.Length, IndexData, 0, PrimitiveCount ); } } public static class GraphicsStates { public static BlendState NoWriteColor = new BlendState( ) { ColorSourceBlend = Blend.One, AlphaSourceBlend = Blend.One, ColorDestinationBlend = Blend.InverseSourceAlpha, AlphaDestinationBlend = Blend.InverseSourceAlpha, ColorWriteChannels1 = ColorWriteChannels.None }; public static DepthStencilState IncMask = new DepthStencilState( ) { StencilEnable = true, StencilFunction = CompareFunction.Equal, StencilPass = StencilOperation.IncrementSaturation, }; public static DepthStencilState DecMask = new DepthStencilState( ) { StencilEnable = true, StencilFunction = CompareFunction.Equal, StencilPass = StencilOperation.DecrementSaturation, }; } How can achieve this? EDIT: I've just relized that the NoWriteColors.ColorWriteChannels1 should be NoWriteColors.ColorWriteChannels. :) Now it's clipping right. Any other approach?

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  • Push back rectangle where collision happens

    - by Tifa
    I have a tile collision on a game I am creating but the problem is once a collision happens for example a collision happens in right side my sprite cant move to up and bottom :( thats because i set the speed to 0. I thinks its wrong. here is my code: int startX, startY, endX, endY; float pushx = 0,pushy = 0; // move player if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Input.Keys.LEFT)){ dx=-1; currentWalk = leftWalk; } if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Input.Keys.RIGHT)){ dx=1; currentWalk = rightWalk; } if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Input.Keys.DOWN)){ dy=-1; currentWalk = downWalk; } if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Input.Keys.UP)){ dy=1; currentWalk = upWalk; } sr.setProjectionMatrix(camera.combined); sr.begin(ShapeRenderer.ShapeType.Line); Rectangle koalaRect = rectPool.obtain(); koalaRect.set(player.getX(), player.getY(), pw, ph /2 ); float oldX = player.getX(), oldY = player.getY(); // THIS LINE WAS ADDED player.setXY(player.getX() + dx * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime() * 4f, player.getY() + dy * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime() * 4f); // THIS LINE WAS MOVED HERE FROM DOWN BELOW if(dx> 0) { startX = endX = (int)(player.getX() + pw); } else { startX = endX = (int)(player.getX() ); } startY = (int)(player.getY()); endY = (int)(player.getY() + ph); getTiles(startX, startY, endX, endY, tiles); for(Rectangle tile: tiles) { sr.rect(tile.x,tile.y,tile.getWidth(),tile.getHeight()); if(koalaRect.overlaps(tile)) { //dx = 0; player.setX(oldX); // THIS LINE CHANGED Gdx.app.log("x","hit " + player.getX() + " " + oldX); break; } } if(dy > 0) { startY = endY = (int)(player.getY() + ph ); } else { startY = endY = (int)(player.getY() ); } startX = (int)(player.getX()); endX = (int)(player.getX() + pw); getTiles(startX, startY, endX, endY, tiles); for(Rectangle tile: tiles) { if(koalaRect.overlaps(tile)) { //dy = 0; player.setY(oldY); // THIS LINE CHANGED //Gdx.app.log("y","hit" + player.getY() + " " + oldY); break; } } sr.rect(koalaRect.x,koalaRect.y,koalaRect.getWidth(),koalaRect.getHeight() / 2); sr.setColor(Color.GREEN); sr.end(); I want to push back the sprite when a collision happens but i have no idea how :D pls help

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  • Game physics / 2D Collision detection AS3

    - by Jery
    I know there are some methods you can use like hittestPoint and so on, but I want to see where my movieclip colliedes with another another movieclip. Any other methods I can use? by any chance does somebody know some a good introduction to game physics? Im asking because I coded a small engine and pretty much the whole code is spagetti code thats why I would like to know how you can setup something like this properly

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  • Need help in determing what, if any, tools can be used to create a free Flash game

    - by ReaperOscuro
    Yes I proudly -and sadly- declare that I am a complete nincompoop when it comes to Flash, and I have been fishing around the big wide web for information. The reason for this is that I have been contracted to create a game(s) for a website -the usual flash-based games caveat. Please I do not mean things like by those gaming generator websites, I mean small yet professional games- but the caveat, as always, is that impossible dream: it needs to be done all for free. The budget...well imagine it as not there. Annoyingly is that I am a game designer yes, but with a ridiculously tight deadline I haven't got much time to re-learn (ah the heady days of programming at uni) everything by the end of March, so I'd like to ask some people who know their stuff rather than keep looking at a gazillion different things. This is my understanding: with the flash sdk you can create a game, albeit you need to be pretty programming savvy. FlashDevelop helps there -yet I am not entirely sure how. Yet even FD says to use Flash for the animation/graphics. Yes its undeniably powerful but as I said there is the unattainable demand of no money. The million dollar question: what, if any, tools can I use to create a free flash game?

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  • LWJGL texture bleeding fix won't work

    - by user1990950
    I tried a lot of things to fix texture bleeding, but nothing works. I don't want to add a transparent border around my textures, because I already got too many and it would take too much time and I can't do it with code because I'm loading textures with slick. My textures are seperate textures and they seem to wrap on the other side (texture bleeding). Here are the textures that are "bleeding": The head, body, arm and leg are seperate textures. Here's the code I'm using to draw a texture: public static void drawTextureN(Texture texture, Vector2f position, Vector2f translation, Vector2f origin,Vector2f scale,float rotation, Color color, FlipState flipState) { texture.setTextureFilter(GL11.GL_NEAREST); color.bind(); texture.bind(); GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL11.GL_NEAREST); GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL11.GL_NEAREST); GL11.glTranslatef((int)position.x, (int)position.y, 0); GL11.glTranslatef(-(int)translation.x, -(int)translation.y, 0); GL11.glRotated(rotation, 0f, 0f, 1f); GL11.glScalef(scale.x, scale.y, 1); GL11.glTranslatef(-(int)origin.x, -(int)origin.y, 0); float pixelCorrection = 0f; GL11.glBegin(GL11.GL_QUADS); GL11.glTexCoord2f(0,0); GL11.glVertex2f(0,0); GL11.glTexCoord2f(1,0); GL11.glVertex2f(texture.getTextureWidth(),0); GL11.glTexCoord2f(1,1); GL11.glVertex2f(texture.getTextureWidth(),texture.getTextureHeight()); GL11.glTexCoord2f(0,1); GL11.glVertex2f(0,texture.getTextureHeight()); GL11.glEnd(); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); } I tried a half pixel correction but it didn't make any sense because GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE. I set pixelCorrection to 0, but it still wont work.

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  • File format for animated scene

    - by stephelton
    I've got a custom OpenGL based rendering engine and I'd like to add support for cinema-type scene animation. The artist that is helping me uses primarily 3DSMax. I'd like a file format for exporting and importing this data. I'm also in need of a file format for skeletal animation data, which may have an impact here. I've been looking at MAXScript to manually export this stuff, which would buy me the most flexibility, but I have virtually no experience with 3DSMax itself, so I get a little lost when it comes to terminology. So I'd like to know what file formats exist for animated scene data, and whether they are appropriate for my use (my fear is that they will be way too broad for my fairly simple needs.) The way I view animated scene data is basically a bunch of references to [animated] models with keyframe-based matrices describing their orientation over time. And probably some special camera stuff to handle perspective. I might also want some event type stuff for adding/removing objects. Is this a sane concept?

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  • Maintain proper symbol order when applying an armature in flash

    - by Michael Taufen
    I am trying to animate a character's leg in flash CS 5.5 for a game I am working on. I decided to use the bone tool because it's awesome. The problem I am having, however, is that for my character to be animated properly, the symbols that make up his leg (upper leg, lower leg, and shoe) need to be on top of each other in a specific way (otherwise the shoe looks like its next to the leg, etc). Applying the bones results in the following problem: the first symbol I apply it to is placed in the rear on the armature layer, the next on top of it, and so on, until the final symbol is already on top. I need them to be in the opposite order, but arrange send to back does nothing on the armature layer. How can I fix this? tl;dr: The bone tool is not maintaining the stacking order of my objects, please help. Thanks for helping :).

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  • Beat detection and FFT

    - by Quincy
    So I am working on a platformer game which includes music with beat detection. I am currently using a simple if the energy that is stored in the history buffer is smaller then the current energy there is a beat. The problem with this is that ofcourse if you use songs like rock songs where you have a pretty steady amplitude this isn't going to work. So I looked further and found algorithms splitting the sound into multiple bands using FFT. I then found this : http://en.literateprograms.org/Cooley-Tukey_FFT_algorithm_(C) The only problem I'm having is that I am quite new to audio and I have no idea how to use that to split the signal up into multiple signals. So my question is : How do you use a FFT to split a signal into multiple bands ? Also for the guys interested, this is my algorithm in c# : // C = threshold, N = size of history buffer / 1024 public void PlaceBeatMarkers(float C, int N) { List<float> instantEnergyList = new List<float>(); short[] samples = soundData.Samples; float timePerSample = 1 / (float)soundData.SampleRate; int sampleIndex = 0; int nextSamples = 1024; // Calculate instant energy for every 1024 samples. while (sampleIndex + nextSamples < samples.Length) { float instantEnergy = 0; for (int i = 0; i < nextSamples; i++) { instantEnergy += Math.Abs((float)samples[sampleIndex + i]); } instantEnergy /= nextSamples; instantEnergyList.Add(instantEnergy); if(sampleIndex + nextSamples >= samples.Length) nextSamples = samples.Length - sampleIndex - 1; sampleIndex += nextSamples; } int index = N; int numInBuffer = index; float historyBuffer = 0; //Fill the history buffer with n * instant energy for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) { historyBuffer += instantEnergyList[i]; } // If instantEnergy / samples in buffer < instantEnergy for the next sample then add beatmarker. while (index + 1 < instantEnergyList.Count) { if(instantEnergyList[index + 1] > (historyBuffer / numInBuffer) * C) beatMarkers.Add((index + 1) * 1024 * timePerSample); historyBuffer -= instantEnergyList[index - numInBuffer]; historyBuffer += instantEnergyList[index + 1]; index++; } }

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  • For normal mapping, why can we not simply add the tangent normal to the surface normal?

    - by sebf
    I am looking at implementing bump mapping (which in all implementations I have seen is really normal mapping), and so far all I have read says that to do this, we create a matrix to convert from world-space to tangent-space, in order to transform the lights and eye direction vectors into tangent space, so that the vectors from the normal map may be used directly in place of those passed through from the vertex shader. What I do not understand though, is why we cannot just use the normalised sum of the sampled-normal vector, and the surface-normal? (assuming we already transform and pass through the surface normal for the existing lighting functions) Take the diagram below; the normal is simply the deviation from the 'reference normal' for any given coordinate system, correct? And transforming the surface normal of a mapped surface from world space to tangent space makes it equivalent to the tangent space 'reference normal', no? If so, why do we transform all lighting vectors into tangent space, instead of simply transforming the sampled tangent once in the pixel shader?

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  • Corona SDK: Quality of support and resources?

    - by Nick Wiggill
    I've not used Corona SDK before and am looking into it for a friend. (He is also considering Unity.) I wonder what the support is like for Corona? While Unity has a great many customers and so the Unity team can often not address issues directly, the community at large is very helpful and there are many excellent resources: tutorials, forum posts, code resources. What is Corona like in this regard, and by comparison?

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  • multipass shadow mapping renderer in XNA

    - by Nick
    I am wanting to implement a multipass renderer in XNA (additive blending combines the contributions from each light). I have the renderer working without any shadows, but when I try to add shadow mapping support I run into an issue with switching render targets to draw the shadow maps. When I switch render targets, I lose the contents of the backbuffer which ruins the whole additive blending idea. For example: Draw() { DrawAmbientLighting() foreach (DirectionalLight) { DrawDirectionalShadowMap() // <-- I lose all previous lighting contributions when I switch to the shadow map render target here DrawDirectionalLighting() } } Is there any way around my issue? (I could render all the shadow maps first, but then I have to make and hold onto a render target for each light that casts a shadow--is this the only way?)

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  • How can I generate a navigation mesh for a tile grid?

    - by Roflha
    I haven't actually started programming for this one yet, but I wanted to see how I would go about doing this anyway. Say I have a grid of tiles, all of the same size, some traversable and some not. How would I go about creating a navigation mesh of polygons from this grid? My idea was to take the non-traversable tiles out and extend lines from there edges to make polygons... that's all I have got so far. Any advice?

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