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• openvpn problem

  - by Jared Voronik

  I have a problem with openvpn. I have already setup openvpn sucessfully on some other servers in the past (basic configuration, nothing special). On this server, I used the same config file, but for setting up nat iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.4.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE doesn't work. It gives error: iptables v1.3.5: can't initialize iptables table `nat': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?) Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgraded. How do I fix this error? Also, if I can't fix this error, can I do bridging instead of routing? I have only 1 interface, and I can connect to remote server only via ssh (and need to avoid reboots if at all possible) so if briding means a whole ethernet card has to be devoted to the openvpn (and no other servers) then briding is out, otherwise I can use briding. Do you know of a simple, step by step guide to configure openvpn briding (just simple openvpn server and clients that can access internet through vpn server, nothing fancy)?

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• Debian: video problems with VLC

  - by kemp

  I have a problem playing AVI divx files with VLC. Yesterday upon start VLC showed an error message complaining about divx codecs and refused to proceed. Today the player starts but the video is squashed horizontally (it occupies roughly 1/4th of the VLC window which is for the other part black). I'm on an updated testing system, and before yesterday VLC was playing fine. In the meantime - after a recent dist-upgrade - I cannot run X with proprietary ATI drivers anymore, I have to use the FOSS radeonhd ones instead. I don't know if that's related but I thought it could be worth mentioning (and by the way if anyone has suggestions about this problem too, that'd be very much appreciated). How can I fix VLC's problem?

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• How to start a service at boot time in ubuntu 12.04, run as a different user?

  - by Alex

  I have a server ClueReleaseManager which I have installed on a Ubuntu 12.04 system from a separate user (named pypi), and I want to be able to start this server at startup. I already have tried to create a simple bash script with some commands (login as user pypi, use a virtual python environment, start the server), but this does not work properly. Either the terminal crashes or when I try to ask the status of the service it is started and I am logged in as user pypi ...? So, here the question: What are the steps to take to make sure the ClueReleaseManager service properly starts up on boot time, and which I can control (start/stop/..) during runtime, while the service is running from a user pypi? Additional information and constraints: I want to do this as simple as possible Without any other packages/programs to be installed I am not familiar with the Ubuntu 12.04 init structure All the information I found on the web is very sparse, confusing, incorrect or does not apply to my case of running a service as a different user from root.

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• How to understand cpu family/model/stepping fields in /proc/cpuinfo

  - by Victor Sorokin

  I have following in cpuinfo: processor : 0 vendor_id : AuthenticAMD cpu family : 15 model : 107 model name : AMD Athlon(tm) 64 X2 Dual Core Processor 5600+ stepping : 2 According to Wikipedia page there are two kinds of 5600+ -- one of 90nm technology, another of 65nm. How can I understand which one I have? There seem to be no direct correspondence between contents of cpuinfo and info on Wikipedia page. AMD site seems to use some other naming scheme for processors too. How can I map values of family, model and stepping from cpuinfo to the data available on Wikipedia/AMD?

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• How can I set deadline as the I/O scheduler for USB Flash devices by using udev rules?

  - by ????

  I have set CFQ as the default I/O scheduler. I often get bad performance when I write data into a Flash device. This is resolved if I use deadline as the I/O scheduler for USB Flash devices. I can't always change the scheduler manually, right? I think writing udev rules is a good idea. Can someone please write rules for me? I want: When I plug in a USB device, detect the type of the device. If it is a portable USB hard disk, do nothing (I think if a device has more than one partitions, it always a portable hard disk. If it is a USB Flash device, set deadline as it's scheduler.

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• Hung Java JVM failing to respond to kill -3

  - by Hans

  I have a Java VM that is hanging "randomly". I quote the randomly bit, because there is obviously a reason that the VM is hanging, but the hang does not occur periodically. We have the same software running in different customer environments and in those environments the JVM is not hanging. In the process of attempting to troubleshoot the hang the process exists with zero CPU utilization. I then attempt to execute kill -3 and the kill command hangs. No JVM Thread Dump is produced. I have spent time instrumenting the code to periodically log the thread stack traces hoping to catch the JVM in a state that would indicate where the issue lies, but so far this attempt has not born much fruit. Unfortunately I have not been able to reproduce this issue in my lab environment so I am limited by what can be done at the Customer site. The OS's in question are Red Hat Enterprise 5.4 and SUSE 10 running java version 1.6.0_05-b13 Has anyone had this problem? Any ideas on why kill -3 is failing to produce a Java Thread Dump? Thanks!

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• How can a driver change the kernel page table?

  - by Naruto

  I am encountering an issue with kernel memory. When my driver finishes running, the other processes in kernel fail to run, for example, I run ls, the command crashes the kernel with error "Corrupted page table" at a specified address. I do not know whether the page table of my driver relates to the page table of other process. How can my driver changes the page table of the other processes? And how the driver of a process relates to the kernel page table? As I know when the driver runs, it will be switched to kernel context. Kernel has its own page table and the driver has it own one. What is the relation among the kernel page table, the page table of my driver and the page table of the other processes when it runs in kernel context?

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• Webcam error (libv4lconvert) while capturing VIDEO

  - by shadyabhi

  I get the following when I capture images using my web-cam.. libv4lconvert: Error decompressing JPEG: unknown huffman code: 0000ffff libv4lconvert: Error decompressing JPEG: unknown huffman code: 0000ffff libv4lconvert: Error decompressing JPEG: unknown huffman code: 0000ffff ...(same error repeating) ... I also had issue that my camera was not getting detected in ubuntu. So, in order to run an application that uses the webcam, I have to run a command like LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libv4l/v4l1compat.so ./6dofhand Whats causing these errors?

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• OpenVPN bridge network from routed clients

  - by gphilip

  I have the following setup: subnet 1 - 10.0.1.0/24 with a machine used as NAT and also running an OpenVPN client subnet 2 - 192.168.1/24 with an OpenVPN server (the server in subnet 1 connect here) subnet 3 - 10.0.2.0/24 that uses the NAT machine (subnet 1) to access the internet, so all non-local traffic is routed there to the eth0 interface The OpenVPN client creates the tun0 interface and appropriate routing so that I can access machines from 192.168.1/24 [root@ip-10-0-1-208 ~]# telnet 192.168.1.186 8081 Trying 192.168.1.186... Connected to 192.168.1.186. Escape character is '^]'. [root@ip-10-0-1-208 ~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.8.0.1 10.8.0.5 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.5 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 169.254.169.254 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.0.0 10.8.0.5 255.255.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 However, when I try the same from subnet 3, it can't reach that machine. [root@ip-10-0-2-61 ~]# telnet 192.168.1.186 8081 Trying 192.168.1.186... I suspect that it's because subnet 3 is routed to eth0 on the NAT machine in subnet 1 and it cannot jump to tun0. What's the easiest way to resolve it? I don't want to use iptables. I can't change the routing from machines in subnet 1 because it's done in AWS and so it works only with specific interfaces. Also, the NAT machine gets its IP with DHCP and so bridging is a bit complicated. IP forwarding is set on the NAT machine [root@ip-10-0-1-208 ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 1 Thank you!

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• The best way to hide data Encryption,Connection,Hardware

  - by Tico Raaphorst

  So to say, if i have a VPS which i own now, and i wanted to make the most secure and stable system that i can make. How would i do that? Just to try: I installed debian 7 with LVM Encryption via installation: You get the 2 partitions a /boot and a encrypted partition. When booting you will be prompted to fill in the password to unlock the encryption of the encrypted partition, Which then will have more partitions like /home /usr and swapspace which will automatically mount. Now, i do need to fill in the password over a VNC-SSL connection via the control panel website of the VPS hoster, so they can see my disk encryption password if they wanted to, they have the option if they wanted to look at what i have as data right? Data encryption on VPS , Is it possible to have a 100% secure virtual private server? So lets say i have my server and it is sitting well locked next to me, with the following examples covered bios (you have to replace bios) raid (you have to unlock raid-config) disk (you have to unlock disk encryption) filelike-zip-tar (files are stored in encrypted archives) which are in some other crypted file mounted as partition (archives mounted as partitions) all on the same system So it will be slow but it would be extremely difficult to crack the encryption. So to say if you stole the server. Then i only need to make the connection like ssh safer with single use passwords, block all incoming and outgoing connections but give one "exception" for myself. And maybe one for if i somehow lose my identity for the "exeption" What other overkill but realistic security options are available, i have heard about SElinux?

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• Problems connecting Centos on VMware to the network using bridged connection.

  - by Sakin

  Hi, I installed CentOs on VMware running on windows XP. When trying to configure it to connect to the internet in a bridged configuration, I get an error message when trying to bring up the network interface: [root@VMLinux ~]# /et/init.d/network start Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth0: Determining IP information for eth0... failed [FAILED] VM is running on a machine that has access to the network, I tried it on two different networks that have DHCP enabled. Everything works fine when using a NAT connection through my host. How can I make the bridge work for me? Thanks.

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• Can somebody tell me how to download patches for RHEL that I can burn to disc?

  - by MW

  How would I go about downloading the patches from somewhere without actually installing them so that I can burn them to disc and install them on machines that don't have any internet connectivity?

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• Lesser known Ubuntu desktop applications

  - by becomingGuru

  So, this Ubuntu software center comes with 100s of applications of all types. In this version they have disabled rating, making it hard to find how good it is. I found gnome-shell today, that seemed awesome. There are other ones, less well known, For eg, Abiword is far better than Open Office Org Word processor in many ways. (Altho' I dont like word processors themselves.) What are the other less well known applications that you use and like. One application per answer.

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• How to access MySQL when I delete the root user on openSUSE 11?

  - by Negin Nicki

  Unfortunately I deleted MySQL users with the command delete from mysql.user and now I can't access MySQL. I tried looking at MySQL - ERROR 1045 - Access denied, but it is not proper for me because I don't have any user for MySQL. I uninstalled and reinstalled MySQL but I can't access MySQL. What should I do? I wanted to have phpMyAdmin without login and I ruined the whole thing. After uninstalling and having no result, I tried to delete the directories of MySQL and again installing them but again no result and now I have this error: Error 2002:can't connect to local mysql server through socket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock I don't have any user to reset the password of, but if I have by reinstalling which I don't know how to connect to MySQL. I tried MySQL -u root I tried MySQL I tried mysqld-safe and etc in the link

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• Enabling Shell colours through Putty SSH

  - by Jon

  I have set a number of configurations in my .bashrc file to set the appearance of shell on my Redhat machine. However, when I login as root using Putty, the colours are not shown. I can enable them again by typing 'su', which simply puts me back to root like I was when I logged into putty, but that isn't exaclty ideal. Is there some configuration file or something I can use to enable shell colours when I login with Putty? Thanks

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• Changing path to basedir of mysql

  - by shantanuo

  When-ever I need to start mysql from command line, I need to cd to the base directory and then use mysql command as shown below: # cd /home/ec2-user/percona-5.5.30-tokudb-7.0.1-fedora-x86_64/ # ./bin/mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 mysql> How do I start mysql simply by typing "mysql" at command prompt? I tried to export the path but it did not work. export path=$PATH:/home/ec2-user/percona-5.5.30-tokudb-7.0.1-fedora-x86_64/bin/

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• Why grep -i is so slow? How to do it faster for ASCII?

  - by Vi.

  $ time lzop -d < tvtropes-index.lzo | egrep -B 5 '[Dd][eE][sS][cC][eE][nN][dD] ?[Ff][rR][oO][mM]' real 0m0.438s $ time lzop -d < tvtropes-index.lzo | egrep -B 5 'descend ?from' -i real 0m11.294s Both search insensitively. why -i so slow? How to make fast grep -i without entering things [iI][nN] [tT][hH][iI][sS] [wW][aA][Yy]? For example, perl -ne 'print if /descend ?from/i' works fast, but '-B 5' is not as trivial to implement as in grep (as well as other options).

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• Rebuilding LVM after RAID recovery

  - by Xiong Chiamiov

  I have 4 disks RAID-5ed to create md0, and another 4 disks RAID-5ed to create md1. These are then combined via LVM to create one partition. There was a power outage while I was gone, and when I got back, it looked like one of the disks in md1 was out of sync - mdadm kept claiming that it only could find 3 of the 4 drives. The only thing I could do to get anything to happen was to use mdadm --create on those four disks, then let it rebuild the array. This seemed like a bad idea to me, but none of the stuff I had was critical (although it'd take a while to get it all back), and a thread somewhere claimed that this would fix things. If this trashed all of my data, then I suppose you can stop reading and just tell me that. After waiting four hours for the array to rebuild, md1 looked fine (I guess), but the lvm was complaining about not being able to find a device with the correct UUID, presumably because md1 changed UUIDs. I used the pvcreate and vgcfgrestore commands as documented here. Attempting to run an lvchange -a y on it, however, gives me a resume ioctl failed message. Is there any hope for me to recover my data, or have I completely mucked it up?

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• how to figure out why sites on my server aren't loading

  - by Derek

  I seem to randomly receive "page cannot load, cannot connect to server" errors for sites on one of my servers. when this happens, it seems to only happen on certain IPs or IP ranges at a time. I say this because while I'll get the error from my home laptop I'll be able to access the site fine from my work computer or from an offsite VPS. DNS records should already be fully propagated as these records were updated months ago. I have no idea how to diagnose what's going on. Is there a tool in cpanel or outside on the web that can help me figure out what's going on?

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• Extending ext4 partition on debian7.0 on vsphere

  - by VoidPointer

  I have allocated thin provisioning of 15GB when i found 8GB as insufficient. Now debian guest is not able to recognize the change of size. root@debian7-x64:~# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/debian7-x64/root LV Name root VG Name debian7-x64 LV UUID EU6mg0-XTXC-ci3D-bQJi-7XN6-r8Hp-SYxcj0 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time debian7-x64, 2013-06-25 12:02:49 +0530 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 7.39 GiB Current LE 1892 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 254:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/debian7-x64/swap_1 LV Name swap_1 VG Name debian7-x64 LV UUID xDNtoz-tJUq-M5D6-GGCN-gzcD-fwUv-fYYDR1 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time debian7-x64, 2013-06-25 12:02:49 +0530 LV Status available # open 2 LV Size 376.00 MiB Current LE 94 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 254:1 root@debian7-x64:~# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda5 VG Name debian7-x64 PV Size 7.76 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 1986 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 1986 PV UUID SehkzH-Gq8Y-jI2f-27Tb-uv1Z-tR1R-5OnTxR root@debian7-x64:~# sfdisk -s /dev/sda: 15728640 /dev/mapper/debian7--x64-root: 7749632 /dev/mapper/debian7--x64-swap_1: 385024 total: 23863296 blocks Help me to extend this partition. No problem in rebooting. I dont have any live CD. Environment : debian 7, with lvm, on vsphere, ext4 partition. Can provide more details when needed.

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• Is there a way to control two instantiated systemd services as a single unit?

  - by rascalking

  I've got a couple python web services I'm trying to run on a Fedora 15 box. They're being run by paster, and the only difference in starting them is the config file they read. This seems like a good fit for systemd's instantiated services, but I'd like to be able to control them as a single unit. A systemd target that requires both services seems like the way to approach that. Starting the target does start both services, but stopping the target leaves them running. Here's the service file: [Unit] Description=AUI Instance on Port %i After=syslog.target [Service] WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/share/aui ExecStart=/opt/cogo/bin/paster serve --log-file=/var/log/aui/%i deploy-%i.ini Restart=always RestartSec=2 User=aui Group=aui [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target And here's the target file: [Unit] Description=AUI [email protected] [email protected] After=syslog.target [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target Is this kind of grouping even possible with systemd?

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• crontab: question about a special case of the dash character in the time field spec

  - by mdpc

  In the SuSE /etc/crontab the entry to run the cron.{hourly,daily,monthly,weekly} scripts is coded as: -*/15 * * * * root test -x /usr/lib/cron/run-crons && /usr/lib/cron/run-crons /dev/null 2&1 Notice that the very first character of the specification is a dash character (-), and this is NOT a typo. Can somebody explain what the time spec '-*/15' means? BTW, the stuff seems to be running fine. Thanks

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• Samba server with Virtual Box Guest

  - by Anwar Shah

  I want to setup a samba server on My Ubuntu host for My Windows Guest in Virtual Box. I am using Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows version is Windows XP. VirtualBox 4.1.0.0 The Question is : How can I achieve this or Is it possible? Note: I am not trying to use the shared folder feature of Virtual Box. I used that feature already. Please Remember that I have only a physical machine. The other one is virtual.

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• How to interpret IOZone results?

  - by homer5439

  Here are the resuts of running IOZone on an ext3 filesystem on an LVM volume residing on a SAN LUN (it was ran with 5 parallel processes). "Throughput report Y-axis is type of test X-axis is number of processes" "Record size = 4 Kbytes " "Output is in Kbytes/sec" " Initial write " 81628.55 " Rewrite " 83354.72 " Read " 115595.02 " Re-read " 119306.09 " Reverse Read " 47684.20 " Stride read " 10011.09 " Random read " 16751.27 " Mixed workload " 5659.77 " Random write " 1661.85 " Pwrite " 36030.83 Now this is all nice and dandy, but my question is: how do I know whether the values are as good as they could be or there is something to tweak (and if so, what?) The actual usage I will have for that Logical Volume is to act as virtual disk for a VM.

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• How to change default sendmail SMTP error codes, responses, and/or DSN text?

  - by Mikey B

  CentOS 5.x - SendMail Hi Guys, I'm curious -- is there any way to customize the STMP error codes, response text, and/or DSN body text in sendmail? If so, where is this stored? Thanks, Mike

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