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  • What is the `shadow` group used for?

    - by Shtééf
    On my Ubuntu 9.10 system, there's a shadow system group. There does not appear to be any user assigned to this group at all. The only files that I can find belonging to this group are /etc/shadow and /etc/gshadow. I'm aware that the purpose of these files is to store the passwords separately, out of reach from regular users who still might want to access passwd for other reasons. But what is the purpose of the shadow group? The reason I'm curious about this, is because I'm thinking about configuring nsswitch.conf to store it elsewhere, and would like to know if anything is actually trying to access the shadow database using shadow group credentials.

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  • setting up a samba PDC -error with testparm

    - by Rungano
    Hi guys I have installed a samba PDC but when I test the samba configurations file I am getting errors like these, "Invalid combination of parameters for service homes. Map system can only work if create mask includes octal 010 (S_IXGRP)." My Configuration file is as follows [homes] comment = Home Directories path = /home_srv1/%u valid users = %S read only = No create mask = 0660 directory mask = 0770 browseable = No I tried to google but with no luck, Serverfault is always my best hope. Thanks for helping out.

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  • mpstat on slackware 13.0 shows no utilization

    - by conartist6
    As the title says, the mpstat command, executed on Slack 13.0 continuously shows almost no processor utilization of any sort. In fact none of the output ever seems to change at all. The system is dual processor board with two hyperthreaded P4 Xeons. Any ideas? 08:50:06 PM CPU %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s 08:50:06 PM all 0.38 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.56 1510.46 08:50:06 PM 0 0.50 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.00 0.01 0.00 99.33 11.90 08:50:06 PM 1 0.32 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.64 0.00 08:50:06 PM 2 0.38 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.58 0.00 08:50:06 PM 3 0.29 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.68 0.00 This is, literally, the only output I can get from the program. No values change ever.

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  • How can I ensure that my static ip address is read from /etc/network/interfaces rather than dhcp?

    - by jonderry
    This is a follow up to the following question. I'm trying to set a static IP by changing /etc/network/interfaces to the following: # interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8) auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.2.133 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.2.1 dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 and then running /sbin/ifdown eth0; /sbin/ifup eth0. However, the change in IP address doesn't appear to take effect without editing /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf and commenting out the following before running ifdown; ifup: request subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers, domain-name, domain-name-servers, domain-search, host-name, dhcp6.name-servers, dhcp6.domain-search, netbios-name-servers, netbios-scope, interface-mtu, rfc3442-classless-static-routes, ntp-servers, dhcp6.fqdn, dhcp6.sntp-servers; Strangely, after commenting out this line, running ifdown; ifup works, but when I uncomment it, the behavior does not revert to the previous behavior of ignoring changes to my settings in /etc/network/interfaces (this doesn't seem like a problem, but I really need to be able to repeat this problem so that I can be confident that my solution is robust) Also, I'd rather not have to edit /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf to change my static IP since it seems I should be able to do this by only editing interfaces. Can anyone explain the issues I'm seeing above and suggest the best way of making changes to static IP addresses take effect that admits reproducibility so that I can be sure that my approach works?

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  • How to troubleshoot this memory usage?

    - by Camran
    I have a classifieds website. I use PHP, MySql, and SOLR. Solr uses a Servlet Container, in my case JETTY, which is java application. I just noticed that something was terribly wrong on my website. I opened the terminal and entered the "top" command and noticed that JAVA was EATING all the cpu and mem. Now I thought "Ok, maybe I need more mem and cpu" So I increased it. But along with the increase the java app started eating more. This has never happened before, and it is either a bug, or a hack of some kind. Anyways, I need to troubleshoot this now, and so I wonder how do I do this? Can I somehow pinpoint exactly when the memory usage started to go up from some error log? How does one troubleshoot this? How do I prevent it? Is it possible to prevent too many requests somehow, if they are within a timeline? Thanks

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  • CentOS 6 init script doesn't work properly

    - by user711643
    I'm setting up my ruby production server based on CentOS 6. I need a process called god (which is a process monitoring tool) to start at boot. I'm using an init script that I found here. Just as stated in the guide I ran: chkconfig --add god and then chkconfig --level 345 god on After this if I run "service god start|restart" everything works. It loads the available configurations and brings up the related processes (if they are not running). Problem is it doesn't work at boot. If I reboot the system, then I do "ps -aux | grep god". At this point "god" is running but apparently it didn't load the configuration files. If i run again service god restart, it loads everything without problems. What am I doing wrong?

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  • Is there such a thing as a persistent ram drive?

    - by Linus
    I have a laptop with a LAMP setup. The HDD is slow, which causes my unit tests to run slowly. I was wondering whether I could mount the web root the mysql database on some kind of ramdisk. From what I have read of ramdisks, they are non-persistent. Is there anyway to create a ramdisk that writes changes to an area of the hdd when shutting down and re-mounts the ramdisk on bootup?

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  • Raid 5 GPT Partitioning

    - by user39325
    I have a Dell Poweredge r710 server with five 1 TB disks. All of them are in RAID 5. I was trying to install Centos but it says "Your boot partition is on disk using GPT Partition..." I read somewhere that centos can't install on a disk larger than 2TB, so I made some partitions smaller, but it's not working. PS, I am going to install Proxmox on that, but Proxmox also won't accept disks larger than 2TB.

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  • How to get the speed of a network card on the command line?

    - by nelaar
    I am trying to see what the speed of some network cards on a remote server. Our reporting software says they are 10Mbps, but I am sure that is wrong they should be 1Gbps. Our monitoring software uses SNMP to query the servers, perhaps the servers are reporting information incorrectly. ifconfig does not report what the speed of the devices are. How can I see what the currently configured speed of the cards are.

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  • How to restrict all services to single domain in Ubuntu?

    - by harold
    Someone has pointed an unknown domain to my server's IP address likely via A records. I would like to reject access to ALL services (httpd, ssh, mail, etc.) from this domain and only allow requests from my domain. I want to make it so when I connect to that domain it's completely rejected from my server. I can disallow access from HTTP by changing my web server settings, but I want to do this for every single type of connection. How can I do this?

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  • Openmeetings: problem in running: "Address already in use "

    - by takpar
    hi, i am trying to run openmeetings in my CentOS vps. when i run $ ./red5.sh after a lot of lines it says: Bootstrap Complete and a few lines before it it says: Caused by: java.net.BindException: Address already in use at sun.nio.ch.Net.bind(Native Method) ... i have tried red5.sh with root and a nomral user. both gives error like that. any suggestion?

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  • Execute script before shutting down in Ubuntu

    - by juanefren
    When I shut down my computer I want to show some pending tasks that I have to do before leaving the office... I did a local application to manage those tasks, so basically I just want to run a command, and shut down after I kill the app executed. I have already tried with these options: * /etc/gdm/PostSession/Default -- this works only when I select LogOut option instead Shutdown. * /etc/rc0.d/K01mycustomscript -- execute script after X is killed * $HOME/.bash_logout -- This looks like does nothing. * ./app-to-run && sudo shutdown -h now -- Don't like it for 2 reasons, prompts for sudo password, and can't use my laptop shutdown button. I am using Ubuntu 10.04

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  • Single application through OpenVPN tunnel (Debian Lenny)

    - by user14124
    I'm using Debian Lenny and I want to tunnel rtorrent only through a OpenVPN tunnel. I have a tunnel running, the config file looks like this: client dev tun proto udp remote openvpn.xxx.com 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/client.crt key /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/client.key tls-auth /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/tls.key 1 ns-cert-type server comp-lzo verb 3 auth-user-pass script-security 3 reneg-sec 0 My idea is that I could run a sockd proxy internally that redirects traffic to the openvpn tunnel. I could use the *nix "proxifier" application "tsocks" to make it possible for rtorrent to connect through that proxy (as rtorrent doesn't support proxies). I have trouble configuring sockd as my IP inside the VPN changes every time I connect. This is a config file someone said would help: http://ircpimps.org/sockd.conf As my IP changes at each connect I don't know what to put in that config file. I have no control over the host side config file. Any help wanted. Any other method is very welcome.

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  • XFS: No space left on device

    - by beketa
    I am using XFS on small HDD (/dev/sdb1, less than 1TB) and storing many small files (-32KB). df -h and -i show that it has available space. # df -hv Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 127G 19G 102G 16% / tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 16G 168K 16G 1% /dev tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 99M 20M 75M 21% /boot /dev/sdb1 136G 123G 14G 91% /mnt/sdb1 # df -iv Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/sda3 8421376 36199 8385177 1% / tmpfs 4126158 5 4126153 1% /lib/init/rw udev 4124934 671 4124263 1% /dev tmpfs 4126158 1 4126157 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 26112 222 25890 1% /boot /dev/sdb1 24905120 11076608 13828512 45% /mnt/sdb1 However I got No space left on device error. # touch /mnt/sdb1/test touch: cannot touch `/mnt/sdb1/test': No space left on device I think inode64 issue is not related to this case because drive is less than 1TB and df -i shows that there are free inodes. I unmounted and mounted with -o inode64 but got the same error. xfs_repair does not report any problem. xfs_info shows drive information as follows. # xfs_info /dev/sdb1 meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=1024 agcount=16, agsize=2227764 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2 data = bsize=4096 blocks=35644210, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=17404, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 Any ideas? Thanks!

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  • Basic connectivity issues between Win 7 and XP mixed wired/wireless network. [Solved]

    - by Pulse
    Setup: Windows 7 x64 Ultimate desktop hard wired to Asus WL500gp router (WL500gpv2-1.9.2.7-d-r1445 firmware) Several Bridged VirtualBox VM's running XP, 7, ubuntu server 10.04, Mint 9 and SuSE 11.2 Win XP Pro SP3 notebook with D-Link Airplus wireless network card. No firewall or other security software currently running on either platform (at least for the duration of the test) Situation: Router is acting DHCP server Clients are receiving correct addresses and additional parameters Internet connectivity is available from all clients Windows 7 sharing is set to Network type = work (not home group) NetBT is disabled on all clients using smb over TCP What I can do: I can ping the router and internet addresses from the wireless XP notebook I can ping the Win 7 desktop and any VM from the XP wireless notebook I can ping all devices from the router All VM's and 7 can ping each other and the router as well as Internet addresses What I can't do: I cannot ping the XP wireless notebook from either the Win 7 desktop or the VM's; it always returns a destination host unreachable error. Tracert resolves the name or the XP notebook but also returns a destination host unreachable. From the above it would seem that something is blocking connectivity in a single direction (from the Win 7 box to the Win XP notebook) only but the router can ping the XP notebook. Some fresh input would be most welcome, as this is beginning to drive me batty. Thanks

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  • How expensive is a hostname in htaccess? Other solutions possible?

    - by Nanne
    For easy allow or disallowing of dynamic IP-adresses you can add them as a hostname in a .htaccess file. As I have read from: .htaccess allow from hostname? it does a reverse lookup on the connecting ip address, seeing if the response matches the allowed name. (Well, actually Apache is doing a double lookup, first a reverse lookup and then a forward lookup on the result of the reverse.) This is the reason we are currently not using dynamic-ip hostnames in the .htaccess: this "sounds" quite heavy: 2 extra lookups for every request. Is this indeed quite heavy, and would a reasonably busy server that is rather looking for less then more load get away with this :)? (e.g.: how does this 'load' compare to the rest? If a request is 1000 times more expensive then the lookups it might be negligible. otoh, it could be that final straw :) ) Are there other solutions? I can write a script that does a lookup of the hostname and put it in .htaccess files ofcourse, but this feels a bit like a hack.

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  • Mail Secure & Stable Open Source Mail Server

    - by Fanar ALHAYALI
    I have asked question on http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9868426/i-need-to-know-which-email-server-i-have-to-use and someone tell me my question would be better on serverfault. I know that this is a common question and asked many times. but there are so many available mail servers that i am not able to decide the one. Kindly tell that which is the Secure, Stable and fast open source mail server for Centos or Redhat Server. Is there any guide which can be used to deploy the mail server with all its components e.g. smtp, pop3, imap, spam, calender server, antivirus, DNS Setting. Currently I'm using sun messaging V6 which installed on Solaris 10 and my boss ask me to make a report for the best mail server today in the marketing? I tried to have a look on Google but I couldn't find interesting information for my report. Any advice would be appreciated.

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  • can i use an ip-list include file for iptable blacklisting

    - by rubo77
    I would like to block all countries except mine in iptables, that is a lits with about 100.000 Entries. how can i define this blacklistfile in a script, so iptables blocks all those ip-ranges? maybe i can use http://www.ipdeny.com/ipblocks/data/countries/ that provides lists in the form 117.55.192.0/20 117.104.224.0/21 119.59.80.0/21 121.100.48.0/21 ... i want to be able to change the blacklistfile easily without having to change the iptables-script

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  • Weird nfs performance: 1 thread better than 8, 8 better than 2!

    - by Joe
    I'm trying to determine the cause of poor nfs performance between two Xen Virtual Machines (client & server) running on the same host. Specifically, the speed at which I can sequentially read a 1GB file on the client is much lower than what would be expected based on the measured network connection speed between the two VMs and the measured speed of reading the file directly on the server. The VMs are running Ubuntu 9.04 and the server is using the nfs-kernel-server package. According to various NFS tuning resources, changing the number of nfsd threads (in my case kernel threads) can affect performance. Usually this advice is framed in terms of increasing the number from the default of 8 on heavily-used servers. What I find in my current configuration: RPCNFSDCOUNT=8: (default): 13.5-30 seconds to cat a 1GB file on the client so 35-80MB/sec RPCNFSDCOUNT=16: 18s to cat the file 60MB/s RPCNFSDCOUNT=1: 8-9 seconds to cat the file (!!?!) 125MB/s RPCNFSDCOUNT=2: 87s to cat the file 12MB/s I should mention that the file I'm exporting is on a RevoDrive SSD mounted on the server using Xen's PCI-passthrough; on the server I can cat the file in under seconds ( 250MB/s). I am dropping caches on the client before each test. I don't really want to leave the server configured with just one thread as I'm guessing that won't work so well when there are multiple clients, but I might be misunderstanding how that works. I have repeated the tests a few times (changing the server config in between) and the results are fairly consistent. So my question is: why is the best performance with 1 thread? A few other things I have tried changing, to little or no effect: increasing the values of /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ipfrag_low_thresh and /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ipfrag_high_thresh to 512K, 1M from the default 192K,256K increasing the value of /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_default and /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max to 1M from the default of 128K mounting with client options rsize=32768, wsize=32768 From the output of sar -d I understand that the actual read sizes going to the underlying device are rather small (<100 bytes) but this doesn't cause a problem when reading the file locally on the client. The RevoDrive actually exposes two "SATA" devices /dev/sda and /dev/sdb, then dmraid picks up a fakeRAID-0 striped across them which I have mounted to /mnt/ssd and then bind-mounted to /export/ssd. I've done local tests on my file using both locations and see the good performance mentioned above. If answers/comments ask for more details I will add them.

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  • How to Extending a logical volume in WMWare

    - by Mercer
    down vote favorite i have a CentOS 6.3 into my Virtual Machine. I have 2 Disk: Disk#1 = 18G Disk#2 = 20G [root@vm ~]# df -h Filesystem Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_root 1008M 250M 708M 27% / tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 194M 31M 154M 17% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_home 504M 17M 462M 4% /home /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_opt 2.0G 68M 1.9G 4% /opt /dev/mapper/vg_produits-lv_grid 6.9G 2.5G 4.1G 38% /opt/grid /dev/mapper/vg_produits-lv_oracle 6.9G 144M 6.4G 3% /opt/oracle /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_tmp 2.8G 71M 2.6G 3% /tmp /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_usr 2.5G 1.6G 799M 67% /usr /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_var 2.0G 278M 1.6G 15% /var So i want to extend my /tmp and my /opt/oracle like this: 10Go in/tmp 13Go in /opt/oracle Thx.

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