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  • a function that returns a random number that is a multiple of 3 between 0 and the function's non-negative integer parameter n

    - by martin
    I need to write a function called multipleOf3 that returns a random number that is a multiple of 3 between 0 and the function's non-negative integer parameter n and here is the result i want [Note: No number returned can be greater than the value of the parameter n] Examples: multipleOf3(0) -- 0 multipleOf3(1) -- 0 multipleOf3(2) -- 0 multipleOf3(3) -- 0 or 3 multipleOf3(20) -- 0 or 3 or 6 or 9 or 12 or 15 or 18

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  • How to detect a sign change for elements in a numpy array

    - by cb160
    I have a numpy array with positive and negative values in. a = array([1,1,-1,-2,-3,4,5]) I want to create another array which contains a value at each index where a sign change occurs (For example, if the current element is positive and the previous element is negative and vice versa). For the array above, I would expect to get the following result array([0,0,1,0,0,1,0]) Alternatively, a list of the positions in the array where the sign changes occur or list of booleans instead of 0's and 1's is fine.

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  • Django Find Out if User is Authenticated in Custom Tag

    - by greggory.hz
    I'm trying to create a custom tag. Inside this custom tag, I want to be able to have some logic that checks if the user is logged in, and then have the tag rendered accordingly. This is what I have: def user_actions(context): request = template.Variable('request').resolve(context) return { 'auth': request['user'].is_athenticated() } register.inclusion_tag('layout_elements/user_actions.html', takes_context=True)(user_actions) When I run this, I get this error: Caught VariableDoesNotExist while rendering: Failed lookup for key [request] in u'[{}]' The view that renders this ends like this: return render_to_response('start/home.html', {}, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) Why doesn't the tag get a RequestContext object instead of the Context object? How can I get the tag to receive the RequestContext instead of the Context? EDIT: Whether or not it's possible to get a RequestContext inside a custom tag, I'd still be interested to know the "correct" or best way to determine a user's authentication state from within the custom tag. If that's not possible, then perhaps that kind of logic belongs elsewhere? Where?

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  • How do I assign functions in a dictionary?

    - by Ziv
    hi, I'm having a problem with a simple program I wrote, I want to perform a certain function according to the users input. I've already used a dictionary as a replacement for a switch to do assignment but when I try to assign functions to the dictionary it doesn't execute them... The code: def PrintValuesArea(): ## do this def PrintValuesLength(): ## do that def PrintValuesTime(): ## do third PrintTables={"a":PrintValuesArea,"l":PrintValuesLength,"t":PrintValuesTime} PrintTables.get(ans.lower()) ## ans is the user input what did I do wrong? It looks the same as all the examples I've seen....

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  • problem with list return type??

    - by kaushik
    my list has value such as m=[['na','1','2']['ka','31','45']['ra','3','5'] d=0 r=2 t=m[d][r] print t # this is givin number i.e 2 Now when I use this value u=[] u=m[t] I am getting an err msg saying type error list does take str values... i want to use like this how can i convert that t into a integer?? please suggest.. thanks..

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  • How do I attach event bindings to items on a canvas using Tkinter?

    - by Ian
    If I'm using a canvas to display data and I want the user to be able to click on various items on the canvas in order to get more information or interact with it in some way, whats the best way of going about this? Searching online I can find information about how to bind events to tags but that seems to be more indirect then what I want. I don't want to group items with tags, but rather have specific function calls when the user clicks specific items on the canvas.

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  • List comprehension, map, and numpy.vectorize performance

    - by mcstrother
    I have a function foo(i) that takes an integer and takes a significant amount of time to execute. Will there be a significant performance difference between any of the following ways of initializing a: a = [foo(i) for i in xrange(100)] a = map(foo, range(100)) vfoo = numpy.vectorize(foo) a = vfoo(range(100)) (I don't care whether the output is a list or a numpy array.) Is there a better way?

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  • What is considered bleeding edge in programming these days?

    - by iestyn
    What is "bleeding edge" these days? has it all been done before us, and we are just discovering new ways of implementing mathematical constructs within programming? Functional Programming seems to be making inroads in all areas, but is this just marketing to create interest in a programming arena where it appears that the state of the art has climaxed too soon. have the sales men got hold of the script, and selling ideas that can be sold, dumbing down the future? I see very old ideas making their way into the market place....what are the truly new things that should be considered fresh and new in 2010 onwards, and not some 1960-1980 idea being refocused.

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  • How to use ';' in urls, using Google Appengine

    - by tonfa
    Using the local dev server, I can use ';' in urls, but as soon as I try the live version hosted by Google, it looks like the ';' and everything afterward is stripped (at least according to request.path_qs). (I would prefer not to encode them if possible, it's much less user friendly if the url cannot be constructed by copy-pasting, especially since other characters works fine, e.g. ':').

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  • Defining the hash of an object as the sum of hashes of its members

    - by Space_C0wb0y
    I have a class that represents undirected edges in a graph. Every edge has two members vertex1 and vertex2 representing the vertices it connects. The problem is, that an edge can be specified two directions. My idea was now to define the hash of an edge as the sum of the hashes of its vertices. This way, the direction plays no role anymore, the hash would be the same. Are there any pitfalls with that?

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  • Indexing over the results returned by selenium

    - by Guy
    Hi I try to index over results returned by an xpath. For example: xpath = '//a[@id="someID"]' can return a few results. I want to get a list of them. I thought that doing: numOfResults = sel.get_xpath_count(xpath) l = [] for i in range(1,numOfResults+1): l.append(sel.get_text('(%s)[%d]'%(xpath, i))) would work because doing something similar with firefox's Xpath checker works: (//a[@id='someID'])[2] returns the 2nd result. Ideas why the behavior would be different and how to do such a thing with selenium Thanks

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  • How to pickle and unpickle objects with self-references and from a class with slots?

    - by EOL
    Is it possible to pickle an object from a class with slots, when this object references itself through one of its attributes? Here is a simple example: import weakref import pickle class my_class(object): __slots__ = ('an_int', 'ref_to_self', '__weakref__') def __init__(self): self.an_int = 42 self.ref_to_self = weakref.WeakKeyDictionary({self: 1}) # __getstate__ and __setstate__ not defined: how should this be done? if __name__ == '__main__': obj = my_class() # How to make the following work? obj_pickled = pickle.dumps(obj) obj_unpickled = pickle.loads(obj_pickled) # Self-references should be kept: print "OK?", obj_unpickled == obj_unpickled.ref_to_self.keys()[0]

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  • Is a string formatter that pulls variables from its calling scope bad practice?

    - by Eric
    I have some code that does an awful lot of string formatting, Often, I end up with code along the lines of: "...".format(x=x, y=y, z=z, foo=foo, ...) Where I'm trying to interpolate a large number of variables into a large string. Is there a good reason not to write a function like this that uses the inspect module to find variables to interpolate? import inspect def interpolate(s): return s.format(**inspect.currentframe().f_back.f_locals) def generateTheString(x): y = foo(x) z = x + y # more calculations go here return interpolate("{x}, {y}, {z}")

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  • Is it possible in SQLAlchemy to filter by a database function or stored procedure?

    - by Rico Suave
    We're using SQLalchemy in a project with a legacy database. The database has functions/stored procedures. In the past we used raw SQL and we could use these functions as filters in our queries. I would like to do the same for SQLAlchemy queries if possible. I have read about the @hybrid_property, but some of these functions need one or more parameters, for example; I have a User model that has a JOIN to a bunch of historical records. These historical records for this user, have a date and a debit and credit field, so we can look up the balance of a user at a specific point in time, by doing a SUM(credit) - SUM(debit) up until the given date. We have a database function for that called dbo.Balance(user_id, date_time). I can use this to check the balance of a user at a given point in time. I would like to use this as a criterium in a query, to select only users that have a negative balance at a specific date/time. selection = users.filter(coalesce(Users.status, 0) == 1, coalesce(Users.no_reminders, 0) == 0, dbo.pplBalance(Users.user_id, datetime.datetime.now()) < -0.01).all() This is of course a non-working example, just for you to get the gist of what I'd like to do. The solution looks to be to use hybrd properties, but as I mentioned above, these only work without parameters (as they are properties, not methods). Any suggestions on how to implement something like this (if it's even possible) are welcome. Thanks,

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  • Object for storing strings geted from prints

    - by evg
    class MyWriter: def __init__(self, stdout): self.stdout = stdout self.dumps = [] def write(self, text): self.stdout.write(smart_unicode(text).encode('cp1251')) self.dumps.append(text) def close(self): self.stdout.close() writer = MyWriter(sys.stdout) save = sys.stdout sys.stdout = writer I use self.dumps list to store geted data from prints. Is it exists more convinient object for storing string lines in memory? ideally i want dump it to one big string. I can get it like this "\n".join(self.dumps) from code above. Mb it's better to just concat strings - self.dumps += text ?

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  • Sqlalchemy: Many to Many relationship error

    - by 1001010101
    Dear everyone, I am following the Many to many relationship described on http://www.sqlalchemy.org/docs/mappers.html#many-to-many #This is actually a VIEW tb_mapping_uGroups_uProducts = Table( 'mapping_uGroups_uProducts', metadata, Column('upID', Integer, ForeignKey('uProductsInfo.upID')), Column('ugID', Integer, ForeignKey('uGroupsInfo.ugID')) ) tb_uProducts = Table( 'uProductsInfo', metadata, Column('upID', Integer, primary_key=True) ) mapper( UnifiedProduct, tb_uProducts) tb_uGroupsInfo = Table( 'uGroupsInfo', metadata, Column('ugID', Integer, primary_key=True) ) mapper( UnifiedGroup, tb_uGroupsInfo, properties={ 'unifiedProducts': relation(UnifiedProduct, secondary=tb_mapping_uGroups_uProducts, backref="unifiedGroups") }) where the relationship between uProduct and uGroup are N:M. When I run the following sess.query(UnifiedProduct).join(UnifiedGroup).distinct()[:10] I am getting the error: sqlalchemy.exc.ArgumentError: Can't find any foreign key relationships between 'uProductsInfo' and 'uGroupsInfo' What am I doing wrong?

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  • Writing a unique identifier to script?

    - by dannycab
    I'd like to write a subscript that adds a unique identifier (machine time) to a script everytime that it runs. However, each time I edit the script (in IDLE) the indetifiers are over-written. Is there a elegant way of doing this. The script that I wrote appears below. import os, time f = open('sys_time_append.py','r') lines = f.readlines() f.close() fout = open('sys_time_append.py','w') for thisline in lines: fout.write(thisline) fout.write('\n#'+str(time.time())+' s r\n') fout.close() Thanks for any help.

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  • Conditional CellRenderCombo in pyGTK TreeView

    - by Präriewolf
    I have a two column TreeView attached to a ListStore. Both columns are CellRenderCombo combo boxes. When the user selects an entry in the first box, I need to dynamically load a set of options in the second. For example, the behavior I want is: On row 0, the user selects "Alphabet" in the first column box. The second column box is populated with the letters "A-Z". On row 1, the user selects "Numbers" in the first column box. The second column box is populated with the numbers "0-9". On row 2, the user selects "Alphabet" in the first column box. The second column box is populated with the letters "A-Z". etc. Does anyone know how to do this, or seen any open source pygtk or gtk projects that have similar behavior which I can analyze?

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  • how am I supposed to call the function?

    - by user1816768
    I wrote a program which tells you knight's movement (chess). For example if I wanted to know all possible moves, I'd input: possibilites("F4") and I'd get ['D3', 'D5', 'E2', 'E6', 'G2', 'G6', 'H3', 'H5'] as a result, ok I did that, next, I had to write a function in which you input two fields and if those fields are legal, you'd get True and if they're not you'd get False(I had to use the previous function). For example: legal("F4","D3") >>>True code: def legal(field1,field2): c=possibilities(field1) if field1 and field2 in a: return True return False I'm having a problem with the following function which I have to write: I have to put in path of the knight and my function has to tell me if it's legal path, I'm obliged to use the previous function. for example: >>> legal_way(["F3", "E1", "G2", "H4", "F5"]) True >>> legal_way(["F3", "E1", "G3", "H5"]) False >>> legal_way(["B4"]) True I know I have to loop through the list and put first and second item on it in legal(field1,field2) and if it's false, everything is false, but if it's true I have to continue to the end, and this has to work also if I have only one field. I'm stuck, what to do? def legal_way(way): a=len(way) for i in range(0,a-2): if a==1: return true else if legal(way[i],way[i+1]: return True return False and I get True or index out of range

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