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  • Server compromised. Bounce message contains many email addresses message was not sent to

    - by Tim Duncklee
    This is not a dupe. Please read and understand the issue before marking this as a duplicate question that has been answered already. Several customers are reporting bounce messages like the one below. At first I thought their computers had a virus but then I received one that was server generated so the problem is with the server. I've inspected the logs and these email addresses do not appear in the logs. The only thing I see that I do not remember seeing in the past are entries like this: Apr 30 13:34:49 psa86 qmail-queue-handlers[20994]: hook_dir = '/var/qmail//handlers/before-queue' Apr 30 13:34:49 psa86 qmail-queue-handlers[20994]: recipient[3] = '[email protected]' Apr 30 13:34:49 psa86 qmail-queue-handlers[20994]: handlers dir = '/var/qmail//handlers/before-queue/recipient/[email protected]' I've searched here and the web and maybe I'm just not entering the right search terms but I find nothing on this issue. Does anyone know how a hacker would attach additional email addresses to a message at the server and have them not appear in the logs? CentOS release 5.4, Plesk 8.6, QMail 1.03 Hi. This is the qmail-send program at psa.aaaaaa.com. I'm afraid I wasn't able to deliver your message to the following addresses. This is a permanent error; I've given up. Sorry it didn't work out. <[email protected]>: 82.201.133.227 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 #5.1.0 Address rejected. Giving up on 82.201.133.227. <[email protected]>: 64.18.7.10 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 No such user - psmtp Giving up on 64.18.7.10. <[email protected]>: 173.194.68.27 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550-5.1.1 The email account that you tried to reach does not exist. Please try 550-5.1.1 double-checking the recipient's email address for typos or 550-5.1.1 unnecessary spaces. Learn more at 550 5.1.1 http://support.google.com/mail/bin/answer.py?answer=6596 w8si1903qag.18 - gsmtp Giving up on 173.194.68.27. <[email protected]>: 207.115.36.23 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.36.23. <[email protected]>: 207.115.37.22 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.37.22. <[email protected]>: 207.115.37.20 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.37.20. <[email protected]>: 207.115.37.23 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.37.23. <[email protected]>: 207.115.36.22 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.36.22. <[email protected]>: 74.205.16.140 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 553 sorry, that domain isn't in my list of allowed rcpthosts; no valid cert for gatewaying (#5.7.1) Giving up on 74.205.16.140. <[email protected]>: 207.115.36.20 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.36.20. <[email protected]>: 207.115.37.21 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.37.21. <[email protected]>: 192.169.41.23 failed after I sent the message. Remote host said: 554 qq Sorry, no valid recipients (#5.1.3) --- Below this line is a copy of the message. Return-Path: <[email protected]> Received: (qmail 15962 invoked from network); 1 May 2013 06:49:34 -0400 Received: from exprod6mo107.postini.com (64.18.1.18) by psa.aaaaaa.com with (DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA encrypted) SMTP; 1 May 2013 06:49:34 -0400 Received: from aaaaaa.com (exprod6lut001.postini.com [64.18.1.199]) by exprod6mo107.postini.com (Postfix) with SMTP id 47F80B8CA4 for <[email protected]>; Wed, 1 May 2013 03:49:33 -0700 (PDT) From: "Support" <[email protected]> To: [email protected] Subject: Detected Potential Junk Mail Date: Wed, 1 May 2013 03:49:33 -0700 Dear [email protected], junk mail protection service has detected suspicious email message(s) since your last visit and directed them to your Message Center. You can inspect your suspicious email at: ... UPDATE: After not seeing this problem for a while, I personally sent a message and immediately got a bounce with several bad addresses that I know I did not send to. These are addresses that are not on my system or on the server. This problem happens with both Mac and Windows clients and with messages generated from Postini and sent to users on my system. This is NOT backscatter. If it was backscatter it would not have the contents of my message in it. UPDATE #2 Here is another bounce. This one was sent by me and the bounce came back immediately. Hi. This is the qmail-send program at psa.aaaaaa.com. I'm afraid I wasn't able to deliver your message to the following addresses. This is a permanent error; I've given up. Sorry it didn't work out. <[email protected]>: 71.74.56.227 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.1.1 <[email protected]>... User unknown Giving up on 71.74.56.227. <[email protected]>: Connected to 208.34.236.3 but sender was rejected. Remote host said: 550 5.7.1 This system is configured to reject mail from 174.142.62.210 [174.142.62.210] (Host blacklisted - Found on Realtime Black List server 'bl.mailspike.net') <[email protected]>: 66.96.80.22 failed after I sent the message. Remote host said: 552 sorry, mailbox [email protected] is over quota temporarily (#5.1.1) <[email protected]>: 83.145.109.52 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.1.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: User unknown in virtual mailbox table Giving up on 83.145.109.52. <[email protected]>: 69.49.101.234 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.7.1 <[email protected]>... H:M12 [174.142.62.210] Connection refused due to abuse. Please see http://mailspike.org/anubis/lookup.html or contact your E-mail provider. Giving up on 69.49.101.234. <[email protected]>: 212.55.154.36 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550-The account has been suspended for inactivity 550 A conta do destinatario encontra-se suspensa por inactividade (#5.2.1) Giving up on 212.55.154.36. <[email protected]>: 199.168.90.102 failed after I sent the message. Remote host said: 552 Transaction [email protected] failed, remote said "550 No such user" (#5.1.1) <[email protected]>: 98.136.217.192 failed after I sent the message. Remote host said: 554 delivery error: dd Sorry your message to [email protected] cannot be delivered. This account has been disabled or discontinued [#102]. - mta1210.sbc.mail.gq1.yahoo.com --- Below this line is a copy of the message. Return-Path: <[email protected]> Received: (qmail 2618 invoked from network); 2 Jun 2013 22:32:51 -0400 Received: from 75-138-254-239.dhcp.jcsn.tn.charter.com (HELO ?192.168.0.66?) (75.138.254.239) by psa.aaaaaa.com with SMTP; 2 Jun 2013 22:32:48 -0400 User-Agent: Microsoft-Entourage/12.34.0.120813 Date: Sun, 02 Jun 2013 21:32:39 -0500 Subject: Refinance From: Tim Duncklee <[email protected]> To: Scott jones <[email protected]> Message-ID: <CDD16A79.67344%[email protected]> Thread-Topic: Reference Thread-Index: Ac5gAp2QmTs+LRv0SEOy7AJTX2DWzQ== Mime-version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; boundary="B_3453053568_12034440" > This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand this format, some or all of this message may not be legible. --B_3453053568_12034440 Content-type: multipart/related; boundary="B_3453053568_11982218" --B_3453053568_11982218 Content-type: multipart/alternative; boundary="B_3453053568_12000660" --B_3453053568_12000660 Content-type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1" Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Scott, ... email body here ... Here are the relevant log entries: Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue[2616]: mail: all addreses are uncheckable - need to skip scanning (by deny mode) Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue[2616]: scan: the message(drweb.tmp.i2SY0n) sent by [email protected] to [email protected] should be passed without checks, because contains uncheckable addresses Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: Handlers Filter before-queue for qmail started ... Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: hook_dir = '/var/qmail//handlers/before-queue' Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: recipient[3] = '[email protected]' Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: handlers dir = '/var/qmail//handlers/before-queue/recipient/[email protected]' Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.060211 starting delivery 57: msg 1540285 to remote [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.060402 status: local 0/10 remote 1/20 Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.060556 new msg 4915232 Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.060671 info msg 4915232: bytes 687899 from <[email protected]> qp 2618 uid 2020 Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2619]: Handlers Filter before-remote for qmail started ... Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: starter: submitter[2618] exited normally Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2619]: from= Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2619]: [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.078732 starting delivery 58: msg 4915232 to remote [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.078825 status: local 0/10 remote 2/20 Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2621]: Handlers Filter before-remote for qmail started ... Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2621]: [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2621]: [email protected]

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  • How to boot Linux from a 16gb USB flash drive

    - by Chris Harris
    I'm trying to install Linux on a single partition of a USB flash drive that's larger than 4gb. The first place I went to is http://pendrivelinux.com. I can follow these instructions for installing Xubuntu 9.04 perfectly, which unfortunately break down when I try to scale it up beyond 4gb. There are several other tools to do this (unetbootin and usb-creator) which follow a very similar formula. I figured out that a big problem of mine was that all of these tools assume the USB drive is formatted in FAT32, which unfortunately cannot hold a single file larger than 4gb. This is unfortunate because I want to use just one partition, so that my persistance file, casper-rw, looks like one big partition to the OS once I've booted off of the USB drive. I then tried following a myriad of instructions involving formatting the drive as one large ext2 filesystem and using extlinux to create a single bootable ext2 file system. This doesn't work for me however, after about 20 attempts verifying and slightly tweaking the formula, I cannot seem to get a "good" bootable ext2 file system built. I'm not entirely sure what's going on, but it seems as though no matter how hard I try, I cannot get the ext2 file system to remain coherent after copying the Linux ISO contents over, copying the MBR, and executing extlinux to create the ext bootloader. Every time, after I follow these steps (in any order) and reboot, I get an unbootable USB drive. If I then mount the drive under Linux again, I see a mess of a file system (inodes have clearly been screwed up somewhere along the way). I suspected that the USB drive wasn't being fully flushed, so I tried using the "sync" and "unmount" commands before rebooting which didn't affect things at all. I guess I have several possible questions - but let's start with the obvious - is there something I'm missing to create a bootable ext2 USB flash drive that's large (e.g. 16gb)?

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  • Allow anonymous upload for Vsftpd?

    - by user15318
    I need a basic FTP server on Linux (CentOS 5.5) without any security measure, since the server and the clients are located on a test LAN, not connected to the rest of the network, which itself uses non-routable IP's behind a NAT firewall with no incoming access to FTP. Some people recommend Vsftpd over PureFTPd or ProFTPd. No matter what I try, I can't get it to allow an anonymous user (ie. logging as "ftp" or "anonymous" and typing any string as password) to upload a file: # yum install vsftpd # mkdir /var/ftp/pub/upload # cat vsftpd.conf listen=YES anonymous_enable=YES local_enable=YES write_enable=YES xferlog_file=YES #anonymous users are restricted (chrooted) to anon_root #directory was created by root, hence owned by root.root anon_root=/var/ftp/pub/incoming anon_upload_enable=YES anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES #chroot_local_user=NO #chroot_list_enable=YES #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list chown_uploads=YES When I log on from a client, here's what I get: 500 OOPS: cannot change directory:/var/ftp/pub/incoming I also tried "# chmod 777 /var/ftp/incoming/", but get the same error. Does someone know how to configure Vsftpd with minimum security? Thank you. Edit: SELinux is disabled and here are the file permissions: # cat /etc/sysconfig/selinux SELINUX=disabled SELINUXTYPE=targeted SETLOCALDEFS=0 # sestatus SELinux status: disabled # getenforce Disabled # grep ftp /etc/passwd ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin # ll /var/ drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Mar 14 10:53 ftp # ll /var/ftp/ drwxrwxrwx 2 ftp ftp 4096 Mar 14 10:53 incoming drwxr-xr-x 3 ftp ftp 4096 Mar 14 11:29 pub Edit: latest vsftpd.conf: listen=YES local_enable=YES write_enable=YES xferlog_file=YES #anonymous users are restricted (chrooted) to anon_root anonymous_enable=YES anon_root=/var/ftp/pub/incoming anon_upload_enable=YES anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES #500 OOPS: bad bool value in config file for: chown_uploads chown_uploads=YES chown_username=ftp Edit: with trailing space removed from "chown_uploads", err 500 is solved, but anonymous still doesn't work: client> ./ftp server Connected to server. 220 (vsFTPd 2.0.5) Name (server:root): ftp 331 Please specify the password. Password: 500 OOPS: cannot change directory:/var/ftp/pub/incoming Login failed. ftp> bye With user "ftp" listed in /etc/passwd with home directory set to "/var/ftp" and access rights to /var/ftp set to "drwxr-xr-x" and /var/ftp/incoming to "drwxrwxrwx"...could it be due to PAM maybe? I don't find any FTP log file in /var/log to investigate. Edit: Here's a working configuration to let ftp/anonymous connect and upload files to /var/ftp: listen=YES anonymous_enable=YES write_enable=YES anon_upload_enable=YES anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

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  • How to run some commands after booting from ArchLinux disk? Or how to change some settings in .iso before booting?

    - by Alexander Ovchinnikov
    How to install Arch Linux with traditional installer with only ssh-access to server? There is nice guide: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Install_from_SSH I try test this on my home vps: Start VPS with any linux bootable cd and login to remote server (vps) wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/archlinux/iso/latest/archlinux-2010.05-netinstall-x86_64.iso dd if=archlinux-2010.05-netinstall-x86_64.iso of=/dev/sda reboot ... I see, it works but without ssh connection... I need make script, which will send this commands after reboot: aif -p partial-configure-network (and write some information about my server ip etc.) /etc/rc.d/sshd start (need to start sshd) echo "sshd: ALL" /etc/hosts.allow (to allow me login to server, by default deny all) passwd (by default its empty, can't login via ssh with empty password) Can I edit .iso or may be /dev/sda? May be I need write script, which will start after system boot and do this things or may be I can set this settings by default and system will start with correct settings (i think its possible at least in 2. and 3.). Thank you!

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  • Customize Firefox Status Bar?

    - by Steven Penny
    For web browsing I use Pale Moon. Pale Moon has a Status Bar, similar to what is now known as the Add-on Bar in Firefox. With Pale Moon when I hover over a link URL is shown in the status bar URL is shown instantly Entire width of status bar is allowed for URL, if necessary With Firefox when I hover over a link URL is shown in a tooltip in lower left corner URL is shown after intentional delay Only half the browser window width is allowed for URL Is there a way to make Firefox behave more like Pale Moon? No Status-4-Evar answers I realize Status-4-Evar might be the best solution here but I wish to see what, if any other options are out there. I will also accept well thought out and referenced answers as to why the Firefox way is "better".

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  • How to find out where or if MYSQL5 logs are stored on a machine WHM/Cpanel

    - by moi
    I have a WHM/Cpanel re-seller hosting account on a virtual private server (Linux). I have root access to the machine via SSH I am trying to locate a file that contains information that will help me to determine which users have accessed what db and from which hosts. I would imagine this kind of data is stored in a log file somewhere. The MySQL page says: The general query log - Established client connections and statements received from clients See: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/server-logs.html It also says: By default, all log files are created in the mysqld data directory. So, I am am NOT asking where are the general query log logs stored, (cos I expect I will get answers saying "it depends") Please help me work out: "How can go about finding out where MySQL general query log logs are stored on a linux machine" Couple of things i've already tried: I looked at /etc/my.cnf it was a tiny file that only contained the following info: [mysqld] skip-bdb skip-innodb set-variable = max_connections=500 safe-show-database ~ ~ I have looked in: /var/lib/mysql/ But I could not see any log-like file names in that directory. Any clues on this would be most welcome.

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  • Configure Plesk only for Tomcat-Java

    - by AJIT RANA
    I need to configure tomcat on Linux dedicate server only for Java project through Plesk . Following services is running on it. '1.Apache on port 80 ' '2.Tomcat on port 8080/9080' '3.Mysql on port 3306 ' Now problem is this, i need to run only java project on this server from port 80 .this time user type my site name then default page call index.html or .php file from root directory of Apache. so how it can be possible to run java project from this server default port 80 after deploye .war(java project) file to this server. Because user who wants to access my site does not know its port number for Tomcat as here is 9080 and also deploy file name. Pls look below for detail about problem Suppose my sit name is www.example.com and hosted on Linux dedicate server with Plesk install on it with Apache, Tomcat and Mysql. Now for running my java project on it, i need to enter www.example.com:9080/java_projrect_name/ in browser. So how can i run this project only from URL www.example.com and it will call default file .jsp from java_project_name directory. I do not want to enter port number and java_project_name in url and my client who wants to access this project did not know about port number as well as project name . He knows only about URL as www.example.com and when he browses it then it should call default page from java_project directory. So to implement this what should we need to do? Pls help. Thanks

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  • ftp user and www-data

    - by andrii
    I have a websites that should be completely accessible for Apache(www-data user) and I have an ftp user(that has the same username on the server: user1) that should be able to update the website. I need the user to be able to add files to the website directory, but the www-data should have a full access to the added files. user1 is a member of www-data group. For now when user1 uploads file to the server the file has a rights: 644, but I need 664. How I could organise it. Many thanks

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  • Mac OS X Update 10.6.8 weird phishing behaviour

    - by Carlos
    I just updated to Mac App Store 1.0.2 with the update to 10.6.8. The Mac App Store said I have one update available, for Angry Birds.... I do not have Angry Birds on my system, but when I clicked the update button I got the following message. "You have updates available for other accounts. Sign in to [email protected] to update applications for that account." Needless to say this account does not exist. Any ideas what this is all about?

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  • fail2ban Error Gentoo

    - by Mark Davidson
    Hi All I've recently setup a new VPS running Gentoo (My first time using the distro so please forgive me is this is a really easy one) and as I've done with other servers installed fail2ban. Setting it up to block the host via iptables, on too many unsuccessful logins with ssh. However I'm getting a strange error that I can't quite solve. When I start fail2ban I get these lines in the error log 2009-11-13 18:02:01,290 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh-iptables' started 2009-11-13 18:02:01,480 fail2ban.actions.action: ERROR iptables -N fail2ban-SSH iptables -A fail2ban-SSH -j RETURN iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport ssh -j fail2ban-SSH returned 100 If I try and force a ban these errors show up in the log and the host is not banned 2009-11-13 11:23:26,905 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [ssh-iptables] Ban XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX 2009-11-13 11:23:26,929 fail2ban.actions.action: ERROR iptables -n -L INPUT | grep -q fail2ban-SSH returned 100 2009-11-13 11:23:26,930 fail2ban.actions.action: ERROR Invariant check failed. Trying to restore a sane environment 2009-11-13 11:23:27,007 fail2ban.actions.action: ERROR iptables -N fail2ban-SSH iptables -A fail2ban-SSH -j RETURN iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport ssh -j fail2ban-SSH returned 100 2009-11-13 11:23:27,016 fail2ban.actions.action: ERROR iptables -n -L INPUT | grep -q fail2ban-SSH returned 100 2009-11-13 11:23:27,016 fail2ban.actions.action: CRITICAL Unable to restore environment My versions are as follows Linux masked 2.6.18-xen-r12 #2 SMP Wed Mar 4 11:45:03 GMT 2009 x86_64 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5504 @ 2.00GHz GenuineIntel GNU/Linux net-analyzer/fail2ban-0.8.4 net-firewall/iptables-1.4.3.2 If anyone could shead some light on these errors that would be great, I did wonder if it was a problem with iptables or some kernel modules but I can block an IP if I do. iptables -I INPUT -s 25.55.55.55 -j DROP so makes me think its something a bit more unusual. Thanks a lot in advance

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  • Can't get Passwordless (SSH provided) SFTP working

    - by Shoaibi
    I have chrooted sftp setup as below. # Package generated configuration file # See the sshd_config(5) manpage for details # What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for Port 22 # Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to #ListenAddress :: #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 Protocol 2 # HostKeys for protocol version 2 HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key #Privilege Separation is turned on for security UsePrivilegeSeparation yes # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key KeyRegenerationInterval 3600 ServerKeyBits 768 # Logging SyslogFacility AUTH LogLevel INFO # Authentication: LoginGraceTime 120 PermitRootLogin without-password StrictModes yes AllowGroups admins clients RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes #AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files IgnoreRhosts yes # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 HostbasedAuthentication no # Uncomment if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for RhostsRSAAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes # To enable empty passwords, change to yes (NOT RECOMMENDED) PermitEmptyPasswords no # Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with # some PAM modules and threads) ChallengeResponseAuthentication no # Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords #PasswordAuthentication yes # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosGetAFSToken no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes X11Forwarding yes X11DisplayOffset 10 PrintMotd no PrintLastLog yes TCPKeepAlive yes #UseLogin no #MaxStartups 10:30:60 #Banner /etc/issue.net # Allow client to pass locale environment variables AcceptEnv LANG LC_* #Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server # Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing, # and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will # be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and # PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration, # PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass # the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password". # If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without # PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication # and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'. UsePAM yes Subsystem sftp internal-sftp Match group clients ChrootDirectory /var/chroot-home X11Forwarding no AllowTcpForwarding no ForceCommand internal-sftp a dummy user root:~# tail -n1 /etc/passwd david:x:1000:1001::/david:/bin/sh Now in this case david can sftp using say filezilla client and he is chrooted to /var/chroot-home/david/. But what if i was to setup a passwordless auth? I have tried pasting his key in /var/chroot-home/david/.ssh/authorized_keys but no use, tried ssh'ing as david to the box and it just stops at "debug1: Sending env LC_CTYPE = C" after i supply it password and there is nothing shown in auth.log, may be because it can't find the homedir. If i do "su - david" as root i see "No directory, logging in with HOME=/" which makes sense. Symlink doesn't help either. I have also tried with: Match group clients ChrootDirectory /var/chroot-home/%u X11Forwarding no AllowTcpForwarding no ForceCommand internal-sftp a dummy user root:~# tail -n1 /etc/passwd david:x:1000:1001::/var/chroot-home/david:/bin/sh This way if i don't change /var/chroot-home/david to root:root sshd complains about bad ownership or permission modes, and if i do, david can no longer upload/delete anything directly in his home while using sftp from filezilla.

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  • executable in path, findable by which, yet cannot execute without fully qualifying path?

    - by Peeter Joot
    I've got a bizarre seeming shell issue, with a command in the $PATH that the shell (ksh, running on Linux) appears to cowardly refuse to invoke. Without fully qualifying the command, I get: # mycommand /bin/ksh: mycommand: not found [No such file or directory] but the file can be found by which: # which mycommand /home/me/admbin/mycommand I also explicitly see that directory in $PATH: # echo $PATH | tr : '\n' | grep adm /home/me/admbin The exe at that location seems normal: # file /home/me/admbin/mycommand /home/me/admbin/mycommand: setuid setgid ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.6.4, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped # ls -l mycommand -r-sr-s--- 1 me mygroup 97892 2012-04-11 18:01 mycommand and if I run it explicitly using a fully qualified path: # /home/me/admbin/mycommand I see the expected output. Something is definitely confusing the shell here, but I'm at a loss what it could be? EDIT: finding what looked like a similar question: Binary won't execute when run with a path. Eg >./program won't work but >program works fine I also tested for more than one such command in my $PATH, but find only one: # for i in `echo $PATH | tr : '\n'` ; do test -e $i/mycommand && echo $i/mycommand ; done /home/me/admbin/mycommand

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  • Applying memory limits to screen sessions

    - by CollinJSimpson
    You can set memory usage limits for standard Linux applications in: /etc/security/limits.conf Unfortunately, I previously thought these limits only apply to user applications and not system services. This means that users can by bypass their limits by launching applications through a system service such as screen. I'd like to know if it's possible to let users use screen but still enforce application limits. Jeff had the great idea of using nohup which obeys user limits (wonderful!), but I would still like to know if it's possible to mimic the useful windowing features of screen. EDIT: It seems my screen sessions are now obeying my hard address space limits defined in /etc/security/limits.conf. I must have been making some mistake. I recently installed cpulimit, but I doubt that's the solution.Thanks for the nohup tip, Jeff! It's very useful. Link to CPU Limit package

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  • Cannot run a VM with more than three network interfaces with KVM

    - by Bostonvaulter
    I'm running KVM on top of Ubuntu 10.10 Server I can create VM's (Virtual Machine) and network interfaces fine but I cannot seem to add more than three network interfaces. As soon as I have a VM with four network interfaces it gets stuck on startup at the starting SeaBIOS page with this message: Starting SeaBIOS (version pre-0.6.1-20100702_143500-palmer) So far I've verified this with two VM's, a Ubuntu 10.10 desktop and a Vyatta router. The specific network hardware I assign to the VM's doesn't seem to matter. I'm trying to have one bridged interface and three private networks using Vyatta to route between them. Does anyone know why I can't run a VM with more than three network interfaces? Edit: Additionally the KVM thread responsible for the specific VM hangs using ~100% CPU (i.e. one core). Here's the command for the process that is hanging: /usr/bin/kvm -S -M pc-0.12 -enable-kvm -m 512 -smp 1,sockets=1,cores=1,threads=1 -name vyatta -uuid 6dff7c94-6810-423e-5fea-fec10da0e9b7 -nodefaults -chardev socket,id=monitor,path=/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/vyatta.monitor,server,nowait -mon chardev=monitor,mode=readline -rtc base=utc -boot c -drive file=/home/rams/virtual-machines/vyatta.img,if=none,id=drive-ide0-0-0,boot=on,format=raw -device ide-drive,bus=ide.0,unit=0,drive=drive-ide0-0-0,id=ide0-0-0 -drive if=none,media=cdrom,id=drive-ide0-1-0,readonly=on,format=raw -device ide-drive,bus=ide.1,unit=0,drive=drive-ide0-1-0,id=ide0-1-0 -device rtl8139,vlan=0,id=net0,mac=00:54:00:be:cc:4b,bus=pci.0,addr=0x3 -net tap,fd=97,vlan=0,name=hostnet0 -device rtl8139,vlan=1,id=net1,mac=52:54:00:da:59:ed,bus=pci.0,addr=0x5 -net tap,fd=98,vlan=1,name=hostnet1 -device rtl8139,vlan=2,id=net2,mac=52:54:00:ce:22:b6,bus=pci.0,addr=0x6 -net tap,fd=99,vlan=2,name=hostnet2 -device rtl8139,vlan=3,id=net3,mac=52:54:00:1e:bc:46,bus=pci.0,addr=0x7 -net tap,fd=101,vlan=3,name=hostnet3 -chardev pty,id=serial0 -device isa-serial,chardev=serial0 -usb -vnc 127.0.0.1:0 -k en-us -vga cirrus -device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4 Edit: I've also found an error in dmesg that might be related (it also shows up when running virtd in verbose mode): 14:47:24.399: warning : qemudParsePCIDeviceStrs:1422 : Unexpected exit status '1', qemu probably failed I've also tried disabling app armor but that doesn't seem to make a difference.

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  • Windows 7 locked out account

    - by Lukas
    I have a Win7 x64 computer. There was only one account (mine, created at installation, password protected, full administrative access with UAC enabled). To speed up the startup + login process I went to control userpasswords2 and unchecked that users need to enter password. By this operation my account has been changed to Guest type and an Administrator account has been created. This Administrator account has a small overlay icon with a downwards pointing arrow. My original password did not work; if I try leaving the password blank it says something like "Your account has been disabled. Contact your administrator." Contacting myself surprisingly did not help. As my account (which I am still able to access) is Guest, I have no rights to do anything. Is there a way to get my access back without reinstalling?

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  • Which user account should be used for WSGIDaemonProcess?

    - by Nathan S
    I have some Django sites deployed using Apache2 and mod_wsgi. When configuring the WSGIDaemonProcess directive, most tutorials (including the official documentation) suggest running the WSGI process as the user in whose home directory the code resides. For example: WSGIScriptAlias / /home/joe/sites/example.com/mod_wsgi-handler.wsgi WSGIDaemonProcess example.com user=joe group=joe processes=2 threads=25 However, I wonder if it is really wise to run the wsgi daemon process as the same user (with its attendant privileges) which develops the code. Should I set up a service account whose only privilege is read-only access to the code in order to have better security? Or are my concerns overblown?

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  • How does enterprise failover, such as with google.com, actually work?

    - by Alex Regan
    We have a few fedora systems that are configured for web, FTP, and email services. We'd like to mirror these services, so that we can provide near 100% reliability for our users. I'm a fairly experienced Linux administrator, but don't have much experience with redundant systems. What is the best way to do this? How does google and amazon do it? Google.com resolves to multiple IP addresses, but if my local desktop caches one of the IPs that are unreachable, I'm going to get a failed connection message. How do they prevent that from happening? If one of their servers goes down, how is it automatically redirected to another system, without the end-user ever knowing it? I understand there are failover devices, but they're only for failing over the system itself, not a complete network. Let's say we have the worst-case scenario, such as my primary system becomes inaccessible. What are the fundamental components that are used on Linux systems to provide this capability? I'm looking for concepts, or approaches, not answers like "check out openstack". What are the actual pieces that make up the solution? What has to be done to implement this capability? Hopefully my question is clear. I'd like to know what the pieces are that make up a failover system and what approach is taken by successful organizations that implement it. Thanks again, Alex

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  • High Apache CPU usage, but low nginx - Configured correctly?

    - by Buckers
    We've just moved a website of ours over to a brand new high-spec Linux server (1x Intel Xeon E3-1230 v2 @ 3.30GHz, 8GB DDR3 ECC, 2x 128GB SATA SSD RAID1). The server has been configured to use nginx but we're not sure if its working correctly. The site always loads very fast to us (http://www.onedirection.net), but Plesk often sends us reports that the Apache CPU usage percentage reaches high leves, yet when we look at the nginx percentage it's always very low. We've come from a Windows background so are very new to Linux, but shouldn't nginx run INSTEAD of apache? Here's a screenshot from Plesk showing the CPU usage: http://www.pixelkicks.co.uk/_download/plesk.JPG The website gets around 20,000 visitors per day, and we use W3 Total Cache to get it running as fast as possible. MySQL has been optimised well. Memory usage is only running at 2GB of the 8GB. Does this look right? How can we tell that nginx is doing most of the work? Thanks, Chris.

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  • NIS: which mechanism hides shadow.byname for unpriviledged users?

    - by Mark Salzer
    On some Linux box (SLES 11.1) which is a NIS client I can do as root: ypcat shadow.byname and get output, i.e. some lines with the encrypted passwords, amongst other information. On the same Linux box, if I run the same command as unpriviledged user, I get No such map shadow.byname. Reason: No such map in server's domain Now I am surprised. My good old knowlege says that shadow passwords in NIS are absurd because there is no access control or authentication in the protocol and thus every (unpriviledged) user can access the shadow map and thereby obtain the encrypted passwords. Obviously we have a different picture here. Unfortunately I don't have access to the NIS server to figure out what is happening. My only guess is that the NIS master gives the map only to clients conection from a priviledged port (1024), but this is only an uneducated guess. What mechanisms are there in current NIS implementations to lead to a behavior like the above? How "secure" are they? Can the be circumvented easily? Or are shadow passwords in NIS as secure as the good old shadow files?

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  • INFORMIX - listener thread err 25582

    - by Samuel Lao
    I´ve been digging different forums in the last 7 days looking for a possible solution.... Our database is based on informix running in a Linux server (LINUX SUSE 11). Suddenly, last saturday informix began to show an error message: listener-thread err=-25582 oserr=0, network connection is broken End users started to call reporting about slow network performance to this server, moments where the database application lost connection with server...so we proceeded doing a ping to the db server, getting good responses (1ms) without losing packets. I tried typing telnet (ipserver) 1526 which is informix's port for the application, it works. We had to disconnect the server and enable a backup db server which is located on another branch. It has been working in a regular way because the backup server hasn´t good specs (it is an old dell server model). So, I scanned the main server looking for viruses using Trend Micro Server Protect, it didn´t find anything (0 viruses and spywares). I revised the switches and routers, but I haven´t find anything strange... What else could be ? Thanks in advanced for your time and help with this issue.....I would really appreciate any advice...

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  • Apache 2.2, worker mpm, mod_fcgid and PHP: Can't apply process slot

    - by mopoke
    We're having an issue on an apache server where every 15 to 20 minutes it stops serving PHP requests entirely. On occasions it will return a 503 error, other times it will recover enough to serve the page but only after a delay of a minute or more. Static content is still served during that time. In the log file, there's errors reported along the lines of: [Wed Sep 28 10:45:39 2011] [warn] mod_fcgid: can't apply process slot for /xxx/ajaxfolder/ajax_features.php [Wed Sep 28 10:45:41 2011] [warn] mod_fcgid: can't apply process slot for /xxx/statics/poll/index.php [Wed Sep 28 10:45:45 2011] [warn] mod_fcgid: can't apply process slot for /xxx/index.php [Wed Sep 28 10:45:45 2011] [warn] mod_fcgid: can't apply process slot for /xxx/index.php There is RAM free and, indeed, it seems that more php processes get spawned. /server-status shows lots of threads in the "W" state as well as some FastCGI processes in "Exiting(communication error)" state. I rebuilt mod_fcgid from source as the packaged version was quite old. It's using current stable version (2.3.6) of mod_fcgid. FCGI config: FcgidBusyScanInterval 30 FcgidBusyTimeout 60 FcgidIdleScanInterval 30 FcgidIdleTimeout 45 FcgidIOTimeout 60 FcgidConnectTimeout 20 FcgidMaxProcesses 100 FcgidMaxRequestsPerProcess 500 FcgidOutputBufferSize 1048576 System info: Linux xxx.com 2.6.28-11-server #42-Ubuntu SMP Fri Apr 17 02:45:36 UTC 2009 x86_64 GNU/Linux DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=9.04 DISTRIB_CODENAME=jaunty DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 9.04" Apache info: Server version: Apache/2.2.11 (Ubuntu) Server built: Aug 16 2010 17:45:55 Server's Module Magic Number: 20051115:21 Server loaded: APR 1.2.12, APR-Util 1.2.12 Compiled using: APR 1.2.12, APR-Util 1.2.12 Architecture: 64-bit Server MPM: Worker threaded: yes (fixed thread count) forked: yes (variable process count) Server compiled with.... -D APACHE_MPM_DIR="server/mpm/worker" -D APR_HAS_SENDFILE -D APR_HAS_MMAP -D APR_HAVE_IPV6 (IPv4-mapped addresses enabled) -D APR_USE_SYSVSEM_SERIALIZE -D APR_USE_PTHREAD_SERIALIZE -D SINGLE_LISTEN_UNSERIALIZED_ACCEPT -D APR_HAS_OTHER_CHILD -D AP_HAVE_RELIABLE_PIPED_LOGS -D DYNAMIC_MODULE_LIMIT=128 -D HTTPD_ROOT="" -D SUEXEC_BIN="/usr/lib/apache2/suexec" -D DEFAULT_PIDLOG="/var/run/apache2.pid" -D DEFAULT_SCOREBOARD="logs/apache_runtime_status" -D DEFAULT_ERRORLOG="logs/error_log" -D AP_TYPES_CONFIG_FILE="/etc/apache2/mime.types" -D SERVER_CONFIG_FILE="/etc/apache2/apache2.conf" Apache modules loaded: alias.load auth_basic.load authn_file.load authz_default.load authz_groupfile.load authz_host.load authz_user.load autoindex.load cgi.load deflate.load dir.load env.load expires.load fcgid.load headers.load include.load mime.load negotiation.load rewrite.load setenvif.load ssl.load status.load suexec.load PHP info: PHP 5.2.6-3ubuntu4.6 with Suhosin-Patch 0.9.6.2 (cli) (built: Sep 16 2010 19:51:25) Copyright (c) 1997-2008 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2008 Zend Technologies

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  • Permissions problem on mounting afp drive

    - by Ron Gejman
    I am trying to mount a network drive via AFP on an Ubuntu 10.04 server machine. After installing AFP support, I use the following command: sudo mount_afp afp://USER:[email protected]/directory/ /media/dir This seems to work and it tells me that mounting succeeded. However, when I navigate to /media/dir I get the following error: cd: cfs: Input/output error Permissions in /media are: d????????? ? ? ? ? dir/ drwx------ 12 user 4.0K 2010-10-25 16:08 otherdisk/ So there is a permissions problem here. I eventually want to mount this drive automatically using fstab. What do I need to do to make the disk accessible?

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  • Best practice for authenticating DMZ against AD in LAN

    - by Sergei
    We have few customer facing servers in DMZ that also have user accounts , all accounts are in shadow password file. I am trying to consolidate user logons and thinking about letting LAN users to authenticate against Active Directory.Services needing authentication are Apache, Proftpd and ssh. After consulting security team I have setup authentication DMZ that has LDAPS proxy that in turn contacts another LDAPS proxy (proxy2) in LAN and this one passes authentication info via LDAP (as LDAP bind) to AD controller.Second LDAP proxy only needed because AD server refuses speak TLS with our secure LDAP implemetation. This works for Apache using appropriate module.At a later stage I may try to move customer accounts from servers to LDAP proxy so they are not scattered around servers. For SSH I joined proxy2 to Windows domain so users can logon using their windows credentials.Then I created ssh keys and copied them to DMZ servers using ssh-copy, to enable passwordless logon once users are authenticated. Is this a good way to implement this kind of SSO?Did I miss any security issues here or maybe there is a better way ofachieving my goal?

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  • Odd UI bug in Xcode 4.3.2

    - by scordova88
    I have this annoying UI bug when using xCode 4.3.2. Every time i press the space bar, the whole text scroll view jumps. Does anyone know why this happens, or how to stop it? edit: is happens, for example, when I'm writing comments in the code and the sentence contains a space. IT can be anywhere on the document, even in the center, doesnt have to be at the bottom of the page. After it "jumps" it goes back to where it was.

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