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  • Receiving an object in a unmanaged callback function

    - by Daniel Baulig
    Eg. I have following delegate method I want to use as a callback function with unmanaged code: public delegate void Callback(IntPtr myObject); Callback callback; I register it in the following way: [DllImport("a.dll")] public static void registerCallback(IntPtr callbackFunction, IntPtr anObject); // ... this.myObject = new MyClass(); this.objectPin = GCHandle.Alloc(this.myObject, GCHandleType.Pinned); registerCallback(Marshal.GetFunctionPointerForDelegate(callback), objectPin.AddrOfPinnedObject()); Now whenever the callback function is called it will have a Pointer/Handle of an object of the MyClass class. I could use Marshal.PtrToStructure to convert this to an object of MyClass. However, what I would like to have is that the delegate definition already contains the class MyClass. eg.: public delegate void Callback(MyClass myObject); I tried this, but it will not work. I also tried the following, which did not work: public delegate void Callback([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.IUnknown)]MyClass myObject); I suppose I would need something like "UnmarshalAs" at this point, but sadly this is not available. Any suggestions how I could get lost of that IntPtr in my callback function and get a it packed up as a regular, managed MyClass object?

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  • Java: Reading images and displaying as an ImageIcon

    - by 11helen
    I'm writing an application which reads and displays images as ImageIcons (within a JLabel), the application needs to be able to support jpegs and bitmaps. For jpegs I find that passing the filename directly to the ImageIcon constructor works fine (even for displaying two large jpegs), however if I use ImageIO.read to get the image and then pass the image to the ImageIcon constructor, I get an OutOfMemoryError( Java Heap Space ) when the second image is read (using the same images as before). For bitmaps, if I try to read by passing the filename to ImageIcon, nothing is displayed, however by reading the image with ImageIO.read and then using this image in the ImageIcon constructor works fine. I understand from reading other forum posts that the reason that the two methods don't work the same for the different formats is down to java's compatability issues with bitmaps, however is there a way around my problem so that I can use the same method for both bitmaps and jpegs without an OutOfMemoryError? (I would like to avoid having to increase the heap size if possible!) The OutOfMemoryError is triggered by this line: img = getFileContentsAsImage(file); and the method definition is: public static BufferedImage getFileContentsAsImage(File file) throws FileNotFoundException { BufferedImage img = null; try { ImageIO.setUseCache(false); img = ImageIO.read(file); img.flush(); } catch (IOException ex) { //log error } return img; } The stack trace is: Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space at java.awt.image.DataBufferByte.<init>(DataBufferByte.java:58) at java.awt.image.ComponentSampleModel.createDataBuffer(ComponentSampleModel.java:397) at java.awt.image.Raster.createWritableRaster(Raster.java:938) at javax.imageio.ImageTypeSpecifier.createBufferedImage(ImageTypeSpecifier.java:1056) at javax.imageio.ImageReader.getDestination(ImageReader.java:2879) at com.sun.imageio.plugins.jpeg.JPEGImageReader.readInternal(JPEGImageReader.java:925) at com.sun.imageio.plugins.jpeg.JPEGImageReader.read(JPEGImageReader.java:897) at javax.imageio.ImageIO.read(ImageIO.java:1422) at javax.imageio.ImageIO.read(ImageIO.java:1282) at framework.FileUtils.getFileContentsAsImage(FileUtils.java:33)

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  • ADO/SQL Server: What is the error code for "timeout expired"?

    - by Ian Boyd
    i'm trying to trap a "timeout expired" error from ADO. When a timeout happens, ADO returns: Number: 0x80040E31 (DB_E_ABORTLIMITREACHED in oledberr.h) SQLState: HYT00 NativeError: 0 The NativeError of zero makes sense, since the timeout is not a function of the database engine (i.e. SQL Server), but of ADO's internal timeout mechanism. The Number (i.e. the COM hresult) looks useful, but the definition of DB_E_ABORTLIMITREACHED in oledberr.h says: Execution stopped because a resource limit was reached. No results were returned. This error could apply to things besides "timeout expired" (some potentially server-side), such as a governor that limits: CPU usage I/O reads/writes network bandwidth and stops a query. The final useful piece is SQLState, which is a database-independent error code system. Unfortunately the only reference for SQLState error codes i can find have no mention of HYT00. What to do? What do do? Note: i can't trust 0x80040E31 (DB_E_ABORTLIMITREACHED) to mean "timeout expired", anymore than i could trust 0x80004005 (E_UNSPECIFIED_ERROR) to mean "Transaction was deadlocked on lock resources with another process and has been chosen as the deadlock victim". My pseudo-question becomes: does anyone have documentation on what the SQLState "HYT000" means? And my real question still remains: How can i specifically trap an ADO timeout expired exception thrown by ADO? Gotta love the questions where the developer is trying to "do the right thing", but nobody knows how to do the right thing. Also gotta love how googling for DB_E_ABORTLIMITREACHED and this question is #9, with MSDN nowhere to be found. Update 3 From the OLEdb ICommand.Execute reference: DB_E_ABORTLIMITREACHED Execution has been aborted because a resource limit has been reached. For example, a query timed out. No results have been returned. "For example", meaning not an exhaustive list.

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  • High performance text file parsing in .net

    - by diamandiev
    Here is the situation: I am making a small prog to parse server log files. I tested it with a log file with several thousand requests (between 10000 - 20000 don't know exactly) What i have to do is to load the log text files into memory so that i can query them. This is taking the most resources. The methods that take the most cpu time are those (worst culprits first): string.split - splits the line values into a array of values string.contains - checking if the user agent contains a specific agent string. (determine browser ID) string.tolower - various purposes streamreader.readline - to read the log file line by line. string.startswith - determine if line is a column definition line or a line with values there were some others that i was able to replace. For example the dictionary getter was taking lots of resources too. Which i had not expected since its a dictionary and should have its keys indexed. I replaced it with a multidimensional array and saved some cpu time. Now i am running on a fast dual core and the total time it takes to load the file i mentioned is about 1 sec. Now this is really bad. Imagine a site that has tens of thousands of visits a day. It's going to take minutes to load the log file. So what are my alternatives? If any, cause i think this is just a .net limitation and i can't do much about it.

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  • operator<< cannot output std::endl -- Fix?

    - by dehmann
    The following code gives an error when it's supposed to output just std::endl: #include <iostream> #include <sstream> struct MyStream { std::ostream* out_; MyStream(std::ostream* out) : out_(out) {} std::ostream& operator<<(const std::string& s) { (*out_) << s; return *out_; } }; template<class OutputStream> struct Foo { OutputStream* out_; Foo(OutputStream* out) : out_(out) {} void test() { (*out_) << "OK" << std::endl; (*out_) << std::endl; // ERROR } }; int main(int argc, char** argv){ MyStream out(&std::cout); Foo<MyStream> foo(&out); foo.test(); return EXIT_SUCCESS; } The error is: stream1.cpp:19: error: no match for 'operator<<' in '*((Foo<MyStream>*)this)->Foo<MyStream>::out_ << std::endl' stream1.cpp:7: note: candidates are: std::ostream& MyStream::operator<<(const std::string&) So it can output a string (see line above the error), but not just the std::endl, presumably because std::endl is not a string, but the operator<< definition asks for a string. Templating the operator<< didn't help: template<class T> std::ostream& operator<<(const T& s) { ... } How can I make the code work? Thanks!

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  • Doctrine 1.2: How do i prevent a contraint from being assigned to both sides of a One-to-many relati

    - by prodigitalson
    Is there a way to prevent Doctrine from assigning a contraint on both sides of a one-to-one relationship? Ive tried moving the definition from one side to the other and using owning side but it still places a constraint on both tables. when I only want the parent table to have a constraint - ie. its possible for the parent to not have an associated child. For example iwant the following sql schema essentially: CREATE TABLE `parent_table` ( `child_id` varchar(50) NOT NULL, `id` integer UNSIGNED NOT NULL auto_increment, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ); CREATE TABLE `child_table` ( `id` integer UNSIGNED NOT NULL auto_increment, `child_id` varchar(50) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY (`child_id`), CONSTRAINT `parent_table_child_id_FK_child_table_child_id` FOREIGN KEY (`child_id`) REFERENCES `parent_table` (`child_id`) ); However im getting something like this: CREATE TABLE `parent_table` ( `child_id` varchar(50) NOT NULL, `id` integer UNSIGNED NOT NULL auto_increment, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), CONSTRAINT `child_table_child_id_FK_parent_table_child_id` FOREIGN KEY (`child_id`) REFERENCES `child_table` (`child_id`) ); CREATE TABLE `child_table` ( `id` integer UNSIGNED NOT NULL auto_increment, `child_id` varchar(50) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY (`child_id`), CONSTRAINT `parent_table_child_id_FK_child_table_child_id` FOREIGN KEY (`child_id`) REFERENCES `parent_table` (`child_id`) ); I could just remove the constraint manually or modify my accessors to return/set a single entity in the collection (using a one-to-many) but it seems like there should built in way to handle this. Also im using Symfony 1.4.4 (pear installtion ATM) - in case its an sfDoctrinePlugin issue and not necessarily Doctrine itself.

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  • Updating a DLL in a Production ASP.NET Web Site bin folder

    - by Josh Stodola
    I want to update a class library (a single DLL file) in a production web application. This web app is pre-compiled (published). I read an answer on StackOverflow (sorry, can't seem to find it anymore because the Search function does not work very well), that led me to believe that I could just paste the new DLL in the bin folder and it would be picked up without problems (this would cause the WP to recycle, which is fine with me because we do not use InProc session state). However, when I tried this, my site blows up and gives a FileLoadException saying that the assembly manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. What in the world is this?! Updating the DLL in Visual Studio and re-deploying the entire site works just fine, but it is a huge pain in the rear. What is the point of having a separate DLL if you have to re-deploy the entire site to implement any changes? Here's the question: How can I update a DLL on a production web site without breaking the app and without re-deploying all of the files?

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  • Returning recursive ternary freaks out

    - by David Titarenco
    Hi, assume this following function: int binaryTree::findHeight(node *n) { if (n == NULL) { return 0; } else { return 1 + max(findHeight(n->left), findHeight(n->right)); } } Pretty standard recursive treeHeight function for a given binary search tree binaryTree. Now, I was helping a friend (he's taking an algorithms course), and I ran into some weird issue with this function that I couldn't 100% explain to him. With max being defined as max(a,b) ((a)>(b)?(a):(b)) (which happens to be the max definition in windef.h), the recursive function freaks out (it runs something like n^n times where n is the tree height). This obviously makes checking the height of a tree with 3000 elements take very, very long. However, if max is defined via templating, like std does it, everything is okay. So using std::max fixed his problem. I just want to know why. Also, why does the countLeaves function work fine, using the same programmatic recursion? int binaryTree::countLeaves(node *n) { if (n == NULL) { return 0; } else if (n->left == NULL && n->right == NULL) { return 1; } else { return countLeaves(n->left) + countLeaves(n->right); } } Is it because in returning the ternary function, the values a => countLeaves(n->left) and b => countLeaves(n->right) were recursively double called simply because they were the resultants? Thank you!

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  • Base class deleted before subclass during python __del__ processing

    - by Oddthinking
    Context I am aware that if I ask a question about Python destructors, the standard argument will be to use contexts instead. Let me start by explaining why I am not doing that. I am writing a subclass to logging.Handler. When an instance is closed, it posts a sentinel value to a Queue.Queue. If it doesn't, a second thread will be left running forever, waiting for Queue.Queue.get() to complete. I am writing this with other developers in mind, so I don't want a failure to call close() on a handler object to cause the program to hang. Therefore, I am adding a check in __del__() to ensure the object was closed properly. I understand circular references may cause it to fail in some circumstances. There's not a lot I can do about that. Problem Here is some simple example code: explicit_delete = True class Base: def __del__(self): print "Base class cleaning up." class Sub(Base): def __del__(self): print "Sub-class cleaning up." Base.__del__(self) x = Sub() if explicit_delete: del x print "End of thread" When I run this I get, as expected: Sub-class cleaning up. Base class cleaning up. End of thread If I set explicit_delete to False in the first line, I get: End of thread Sub-class cleaning up. Exception AttributeError: "'NoneType' object has no attribute '__del__'" in <bound method Sub.__del__ of <__main__.Sub instance at 0x00F0B698>> ignored It seems the definition of Base is removed before the x._del_() is called. The Python Documentation on _del_() warns that the subclass needs to call the base-class to get a clean deletion, but here that appears to be impossible. Can you see where I made a bad step?

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  • Turning a nested hash structure into a non-nested hash structure - is this the cleanest way to do it

    - by knorv
    Assume a nested hash structure %old_hash .. my %old_hash; $old_hash{"foo"}{"bar"}{"zonk"} = "hello"; .. which we want to "flatten" (sorry if that's the wrong terminology!) to a non-nested hash using the sub &flatten(...) so that .. my %h = &flatten(\%old_hash); die unless($h{"zonk"} eq "hello"); The following definition of &flatten(...) does the trick: sub flatten { my $hashref = shift; my %hash; my %i = %{$hashref}; foreach my $ii (keys(%i)) { my %j = %{$i{$ii}}; foreach my $jj (keys(%j)) { my %k = %{$j{$jj}}; foreach my $kk (keys(%k)) { my $value = $k{$kk}; $hash{$kk} = $value; } } } return %hash; } While the code given works it is not very readable or clean. My question is two-fold: In what ways does the given code not correspond to modern Perl best practices? Be harsh! :-) How would you clean it up?

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  • CoreData : store images to DB or not?

    - by Meko
    Hi.I am making an app that it takes photos from web site for some Username and shows it on UITable with username then when clicking user name it shows photos for this user and then clicking to name of photo it shows full screen photo. My question is I am using NSData to get photos from internet.Am I have to save also those data to CoreDAta? I am using like when pressing name of user it again creates NSData and downloads photos from internet and shows them on UTable. And it takes time. What is good approach? and How can save this images to CoreDAta? I am using this method NSData *imageData=[flickr dataForPhotoID:firstPhoto.id fromFarm:firstPhoto.farm onServer:firstPhoto.server withSecret:firstPhoto.secret inFormat: FlickrFetcherPhotoFormatSquare]; and here definition of dataForPtohoID method - (NSData *)dataForPhotoID:(NSString *)photoID fromFarm:(NSString *)farm onServer:(NSString *)server withSecret:(NSString *)secret inFormat:(FlickrFetcherPhotoFormat)format { #if TEST_HIGH_NETWORK_LATENCY sleep(1); #endif NSString *formatString; switch (format) { case FlickrFetcherPhotoFormatSquare: formatString = @"s"; break; case FlickrFetcherPhotoFormatLarge: formatString = @"b"; break; } NSString *photoURLString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://farm%@.static.flickr.com/%@/%@_%@_%@.jpg", farm, server, photoID, secret, formatString]; NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:photoURLString]; return [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:url]; }

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  • Can I use a property placeholder with Spring EL?

    - by David Easley
    Before upgrading to Spring 3 I had this in my applicationContext.xml file: <bean class="com.northgateis.pole.ws.PolePayloadValidatingInterceptor"> <property name="validateRequest" value="${validateRequest}" /> <property name="validateResponse" value="${validateResponse}" /> </bean> where ${validateRequest) and ${validateRequest) refer to properties that may or may not be defined in my properties file. In Spring 2, if these proeprties were not present in the properties file the setters on the bean were not called and so the defaults hard-coded in PolePayloadValidatingInterceptor were used. After upgrading to Spring 3, it seems the behaviour is different: If the properties are not present in the properties file I get the following exception: SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Invalid bean definition with name 'annotationMapping' defined in class path resource [com/northgateis/pole/ws/applicationContext-ws.xml]: Could not resolve placeholder 'validateRequest' at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer.processProperties(PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer.java:272) at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyResourceConfigurer.postProcessBeanFactory(PropertyResourceConfigurer.java:75) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:640) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:615) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:405) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:272) I tried dabbling with Spring EL but the following doesn't seem to work: <bean class="com.northgateis.pole.ws.PolePayloadValidatingInterceptor"> <property name="validateRequest" value="${validateRequest?:true}" /> <property name="validateResponse" value="${validateResponse?:false}" /> </bean> The value after the Elvis operator is always used, even when the properties are defined in the proeprties file. Interesting that the syntax is accepted. Any suggestions?

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  • How can i use generic list with foreach?

    - by Phsika
    if i compiled below codes error return foreach loop how can i solve it? Error:Error 1 foreach statement cannot operate on variables of type 'Sortlist.MyCalisan' because 'Sortlist.MyCalisan' does not contain a public definition for 'GetEnumerator' C:\Users\yusuf.karatoprak\Desktop\ExcelToSql\TestExceltoSql\Sortlist\Program.cs 46 13 Sortlist static void EskiMetodlaListele() { MyCalisan myCalisan = new MyCalisan(); Calisan calisan = new Calisan(); calisan.Ad = "ali"; calisan.SoyAd = "abdullah"; calisan.ID = 1; myCalisan.list.Add(calisan); foreach (Calisan item in myCalisan) { Console.WriteLine(item.Ad.ToString()); } } } public class Calisan { public int ID { get; set; } public string Ad { get; set; } public string SoyAd { get; set; } } public class MyCalisan { public List<Calisan> list { get; set; } public MyCalisan() { list = new List(); } }

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  • Properly declare delegation in Objective C (iPhone)

    - by Gordon Fontenot
    Ok, This has been explained a few times (I got most of the way there using this post on SO), but I am missing something. I am able to compile cleanly, and able to set the delegate as well as call methods from the delegate, but I'm getting a warning on build: No definition of protocol 'DetailViewControllerDelegate' is found I have a DetailViewController and a RootViewController only. I am calling a method in RootViewController from DetailViewController. I have the delegate set up as so: In RootViewController.h: #import "DetailViewController.h" @interface RootViewController : UITableViewController <NSFetchedResultsControllerDelegate, DetailViewControllerDelegate> //Error shows up here { //Some Stuff Here } //Some other stuff here @end In RootViewController.m I define the delegate when I create the view using detailViewController.delegate = self In DetailViewController.h: @protocol DetailViewControllerDelegate; #import "RootViewController.h" @interface DetailViewController : UITableViewController <UITextFieldDelegate> { id <DetailViewControllerDelegate> delegate; } @property (nonatomic, assign) id <DetailViewControllerDelegate> delegate; @end @protocol DetailViewControllerDelegate //some methods that reside in RootViewController.m @end I feel weird about declaring the protocol above the import in DetailViewController.h, but if I don't it doesn't build. Like I said, the methods are called fine, and there are no other errors going on. What am I missing here?

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  • Window message procedures in Linux vs Windows

    - by mizipzor
    In Windows when you create a window, you must define a (c++) LRESULT CALLBACK message_proc(HWND Handle, UINT Message, WPARAM WParam, LPARAM LParam); to handle all the messages sent from the OS to the window, like keypresses and such. Im looking to do some reading on how the same system works in Linux. Maybe it is because I fall a bit short on the terminology but I fail to find anything on this through google (although Im sure there must be plenty!). Is it still just one single C function that handles all the communication? Does the function definition differ on different WMs (Gnome, KDE) or is it handled on a lower level in the OS? Edit: Ive looked into tools like QT and WxWidgets, but those frameworks seems to be geared more towards developing GUI extensive applications. Im rather looking for a way to create a basic window (restrict resize, borders/decorations) for my OGL graphics and retrieve input on more than one platform. And according to my initial research, this kind of function is the only way to retrieve that input. What would be the best route? Reading up, learning and then use QT or WxWidgets? Or learning how the systems work and implement those few basic features I want myself?

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  • POSTing JSON data to WCF REST

    - by Randall Sexton
    I'm trying to send data from a client application using jQuery to a REST WCF service based on the WCF REST starter kit. Here's what I have so far. Service Definition: [WebHelp(Comment = "Save PropertyValues to the database")] [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", UriTemplate = "PropertyValues_Save", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest, RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)] [OperationContract] public bool PropertyValues_Save(Guid assetId, Dictionary<Guid, string> newValues) { ... } Call from the client: $.ajax({ url:SVC_PROPERTYVALUES_SAVE, type: "POST", contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8", data: jsonData, dataType: "json", error: function(XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) { alert(textStatus + ' ' + errorThrown); }, success: function(data) { if (data) { alert('Values saved'); $("#confirmSubmit").dialog('close'); } else { alert('Values failed to save'); $("#confirmSubmit").dialog('close'); } } }); Example of the JSON being passed: { "assetId": "d70714c3-e403-4cc5-b8a9-9713d05b2ee0", "newValues": [ { "key": "bd01aa88-b48d-47c7-8d3f-eadf47a46680", "value": "0e9fdf34-2d12-4639-8d70-19b88e753ab1" }, { "key": "06e8eda2-a004-450e-90ab-64df357013cf", "value": "1d490aec-f40e-47d5-865c-07fe9624f955" } ] } I'm using Windows Authentication on the virtual directory. When I call operations that are GETs, everything is fine. This code is prompting the browser to log in. When I enter my credentials, I simply get an alert in my browser which says "error undefined". Even if you can't help my specific error, do you see anything that looks wrong from glancing? I've been beating my head on this nearly all day. Thanks in advance.

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  • Coloring text with css using jQuery

    - by ArtWorkAD
    Hi, I have a little problem adding a class to a span element and so coloring it in order to perform simple validation. Here is my js: function validateKey(){ var length = $('#appkey').val().length; if(length != 8){ $('#appkey').addClass('error'); $('#appKeyInfo').addClass('error'); return false; }else{ $('#appkey').removeClass('error'); $('#appKeyInfo').removeClass('error'); return true; } } And html: <label>KEY</label></br> <input type="text" id="appkey" value=""/></br> <span id="appKeyInfo">Dein App-Key aus 8 Ziffern</span> And the jsfiddle: example Any ideas? UPDATE: coloring of appKeyInfo fails, coloring appkey works. When I remove color:red and type font-weight:bold instead the text is bold on error. when I remove color definition of appKeyInfo the text can be colored red on error, strange thing, but I need a font color for the appKeyInfo

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  • Use of var keyword in C#

    - by kronoz
    After discussion with colleagues regarding the use of the 'var' keyword in C# 3 I wondered what people's opinions were on the appropriate uses of type inference via var? For example I rather lazily used var in questionable circumstances, e.g.:- foreach(var item in someList) { // ... } // Type of 'item' not clear. var something = someObject.SomeProperty; // Type of 'something' not clear. var something = someMethod(); // Type of 'something' not clear. More legitimate uses of var are as follows:- var l = new List<string>(); // Obvious what l will be. var s = new SomeClass(); // Obvious what s will be. Interestingly LINQ seems to be a bit of a grey area, e.g.:- var results = from r in dataContext.SomeTable select r; // Not *entirely clear* what results will be here. It's clear what results will be in that it will be a type which implements IEnumerable, however it isn't entirely obvious in the same way a var declaring a new object is. It's even worse when it comes to LINQ to objects, e.g.:- var results = from item in someList where item != 3 select item; This is no better than the equivilent foreach(var item in someList) { // ... } equivilent. There is a real concern about type safety here - for example if we were to place the results of that query into an overloaded method that accepted IEnumerable<int> and IEnumerable<double> the caller might inadvertently pass in the wrong type. Edit - var does maintain strong typing but the question is really whether it's dangerous for the type to not be immediately apparent on definition, something which is magnified when overloads mean compiler errors might not be issued when you unintentionally pass the wrong type to a method. Related Question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/633474/c-do-you-use-var

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  • Monads and custom traversal functions in Haskell

    - by Bill
    Given the following simple BST definition: data Tree x = Empty | Leaf x | Node x (Tree x) (Tree x) deriving (Show, Eq) inOrder :: Tree x -> [x] inOrder Empty = [] inOrder (Leaf x) = [x] inOrder (Node root left right) = inOrder left ++ [root] ++ inOrder right I'd like to write an in-order function that can have side effects. I achieved that with: inOrderM :: (Show x, Monad m) => (x -> m a) -> Tree x -> m () inOrderM f (Empty) = return () inOrderM f (Leaf y) = f y >> return () inOrderM f (Node root left right) = inOrderM f left >> f root >> inOrderM f right -- print tree in order to stdout inOrderM print tree This works fine, but it seems repetitive - the same logic is already present in inOrder and my experience with Haskell leads me to believe that I'm probably doing something wrong if I'm writing a similar thing twice. Is there any way that I can write a single function inOrder that can take either pure or monadic functions?

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  • Accesing WinCE ComboBox DroppedDown property (.NET CF 2.0)

    - by PabloG
    I'm implementing custom behavior sub-classing the form controls, but I cannot manage to access the DroppedDown property of the ComboBox. Looking in the help, it's supposed to be supported in CF.NET 2.0: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Drawing; using System.Data; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace xCustomControls { public partial class xComboBox : System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox { private ComboBox comboBox1; public xComboBox() { InitializeComponent(); this.KeyDown += new KeyEventHandler(this.KeyDownHandler); } private void KeyDownHandler(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) { // DroppedDown doesn't appear in the IntelliSense of ComboBox. // or this.comboBox1. if (((ComboBox)sender).DroppedDown) // fail! return; switch (e.KeyData) { case Keys.Up: case Keys.Enter: case Keys.Down: e.Handled = true; this.Parent.SelectNextControl((Control)sender, e.KeyData != Keys.Up, true, true, true); ... fails with 'System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox' does not contain a definition for 'DroppedDown' and no extension method 'DroppedDown' accepting a first argument of type 'System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox' could be found How can I access the property? TIA, Pablo

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  • An unusual type signature

    - by Travis Brown
    In Monads for natural language semantics, Chung-Chieh Shan shows how monads can be used to give a nicely uniform restatement of the standard accounts of some different kinds of natural language phenomena (interrogatives, focus, intensionality, and quantification). He defines two composition operations, A_M and A'_M, that are useful for this purpose. The first is simply ap. In the powerset monad ap is non-deterministic function application, which is useful for handling the semantics of interrogatives; in the reader monad it corresponds to the usual analysis of extensional composition; etc. This makes sense. The secondary composition operation, however, has a type signature that just looks bizarre to me: (<?>) :: (Monad m) => m (m a -> b) -> m a -> m b (Shan calls it A'_M, but I'll call it <?> here.) The definition is what you'd expect from the types; it corresponds pretty closely to ap: g <?> x = g >>= \h -> return $ h x I think I can understand how this does what it's supposed to in the context of the paper (handle question-taking verbs for interrogatives, serve as intensional composition, etc.). What it does isn't terribly complicated, but it's a bit odd to see it play such a central role here, since it's not an idiom I've seen in Haskell before. Nothing useful comes up on Hoogle for either m (m a -> b) -> m a -> m b or m (a -> b) -> a -> m b. Does this look familiar to anyone from other contexts? Have you ever written this function?

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  • How to use DLL reference with an ActiveX <object> via JavaScript

    - by John Factorial
    My question: how can I set an ActiveX object's property via JavaScript to an enum value found in a non-ActiveX DLL? Problem description: I am instantiating an ActiveX object with the following object tag: <object classid="clsid:F338193D-2491-4D7B-80CE-03487041A278" id="VideoCapture1" width="500" height="500"></object> (This is the guid for the 3rd party ActiveX I'm using, "VisioForge_Video_Capture_4.VFVideoCapture4X") I have example C# code for using this ActiveX, which I am porting to JavaScript. Code like this works just fine: VideoCapture1.Debug_Mode = true; var devcount = VideoCapture1.Video_CaptureDevices_GetCount(); var devs = []; for (var i =0; i < devcount; ++i) { devs[devs.length] = VideoCapture1.Video_CaptureDevices_GetItem(i); } ... etc ... However, VideoCapture1 has some settings which refer to a DLL enum, like so (C# code): VideoCapture1.Mode = VisioForge_Video_Capture_4.TxVFMode.Mode_Video_Preview; I can see in Visual Web Developer that TxVFMode.Mode_Video_Preview is value 1 in the enum. However, the following JS does not appear to set the Mode properly: VideoCapture1.Mode = 1; Does anyone know how I can set VideoCapture1.Mode to the enum value found in the TxVFMode? PS: In Visual Web Developer, when I "Go to definition" on TxVFMode, I get the Guid for the enum. I thought I could create an with this Guid or instantiate a VisioForge_Video_Capture_4.TxVFMode in JS, but neither gives me a usable object.

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  • Renaming TurboGears 2's Repoze Fields with TGAdmin

    - by William Chambers
    I've been working on renaming TurboGears 2's Repoze 'groups' field to 'roles' to free the namespace and db tables for other purposes. Also roles makes much more sense to me then groups because I have a strong Drupal background. Now I have found some of the docs to do this such as these: http://www.turbogears.org/2.1/docs/main/Auth/Customization.html#customizing-the-model-structure-assumed-by-the-quickstart http://code.gustavonarea.net/repoze.what-quickstart/#customizing-the-model-definition However these only go part of the way. I have made (I'm pretty sure at least, I've double checked a few times.) all the changes required as you can see in this diff. This seems to work fine however I've ran into a rather major issue with the TurboGears Admin system. I've tried http://turbogears.org/2.0/docs/main/Extensions/Admin/index.html and it didn't seem to make any difference, however I'm not 100% sure I did it correctly. The problem occurs when I attempt to go to localhost/admin/permissions/. It causes a Internal Server Error and outputs the following error. http://pastebin.com/YWMH3SiU This error does not happen on the Roles/Users pages and the permissions /edit/1 also works. I'm running kubuntu 10.04 with TG 2.1b2. (I'm running the beta mostly for easier mako support which is really important.) Any help would be very appreciated.

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  • SQL Concurrent test update question

    - by ptoinson
    Howdy Folks, I have a SQLServer 2008 database in which I have a table for Tags. A tag is just an id and a name. The definition of the tags table looks like: CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Tag]( [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [Name] [varchar](255) NOT NULL CONSTRAINT [PK_Tag] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ID] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ) Name is also a unique index. further I have several processes adding data to this table at a pretty rapid rate. These processes use a stored proc that looks like: ALTER PROC [dbo].[lg_Tag_Insert] @Name varchar(255) AS DECLARE @ID int SET @ID = (select ID from Tag where Name=@Name ) if @ID is null begin INSERT Tag(Name) VALUES (@Name) RETURN SCOPE_IDENTITY() end else begin return @ID end My issues is that, other than being a novice at concurrent database design, there seems to be a race condition that is causing me to occasionally get an error that I'm trying to enter duplicate keys (Name) into the DB. The error is: Cannot insert duplicate key row in object 'dbo.Tag' with unique index 'IX_Tag_Name'. This makes sense, I'm just not sure how to fix this. If it where code I would know how to lock the right areas. SQLServer is quite a different beast. First question is what is the proper way to code this 'check, then update pattern'? It seems I need to get an exclusive lock on the row during the check, rather than a shared lock, but it's not clear to me the best way to do that. Any help in the right direction will be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance.

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  • What does the subversion error "Could not read status line" mean?

    - by Jergason
    Exact duplicate: SVN: Could not read status line: connection was closed by server This is not an exact duplicate. The other question was asking about getting the error in a specific situation, and the answer was vauge at best. This is a fairly basic question, but it is driving me nuts. I have set up a brand new repository at beanstalk.com. They give me the url, http://.svn.beanstalkapp.com/blog. They also automatically create the tag, trunk and branches folder in the repository. I have checked out the trunk folder and used svn add to add the new file. I am trying to do my first commit, but I get this error: Commit failed (details follow): CHECKOUT of '/foo/!svn/bln/1': Could not read status line: connection was closed by server. (http://user_name@my_name.svn.beanstalkapp.com) What does this mean, and what causes it? I have googled for a definition of what "Could not read status line" means, but was unable to find anything explaining it. edit: I was getting this error while trying to manipulate my repository from behind a firewall. I still don't know what was causing it, but I don't have this problem at home. Strangeness.

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