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  • JBox2D Polygon Collisions Acting Strange

    - by andy
    I have been playing around with JBox2D and Slick2D and made a little demo with a ground object, a box object, and two different polygons. The problem I am facing is that the collision-detection for the polygons seems to be off (see picture below), but the box's collision works fine. My Code: Main Class package main; import org.jbox2d.common.Vec2; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.BodyType; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.World; import org.newdawn.slick.GameContainer; import org.newdawn.slick.Graphics; import org.newdawn.slick.SlickException; import org.newdawn.slick.state.BasicGameState; import org.newdawn.slick.state.StateBasedGame; import shapes.Box; import shapes.Polygon; public class State1 extends BasicGameState{ World world; int velocityIterations; int positionIterations; float pixelsPerMeter; int state; Box ground; Box box1; Polygon poly1; Polygon poly2; Renderer renderer; public State1(int state) { this.state = state; } @Override public void init(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame game) throws SlickException { velocityIterations = 10; positionIterations = 10; pixelsPerMeter = 1f; world = new World(new Vec2(0.f, -9.8f)); renderer = new Renderer(gc, gc.getGraphics(), pixelsPerMeter, world); box1 = new Box(-100f, 200f, 40, 50, BodyType.DYNAMIC, world); ground = new Box(-14, -275, 50, 900, BodyType.STATIC, world); poly1 = new Polygon(50f, 10f, new Vec2[] { new Vec2(-6f, -14f), new Vec2(0f, -20f), new Vec2(6f, -14f), new Vec2(10f, 10f), new Vec2(-10f, 10f) }, BodyType.DYNAMIC, world); poly2 = new Polygon(0f, 10f, new Vec2[] { new Vec2(10f, 0f), new Vec2(20f, 0f), new Vec2(30f, 10f), new Vec2(30f, 20f), new Vec2(20f, 30f), new Vec2(10f, 30f), new Vec2(0f, 20f), new Vec2(0f, 10f) }, BodyType.DYNAMIC, world); } @Override public void update(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame game, int delta) throws SlickException { world.step((float)delta / 180f, velocityIterations, positionIterations); } @Override public void render(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame game, Graphics g) throws SlickException { renderer.render(); } @Override public int getID() { return this.state; } } Polygon Class package shapes; import org.jbox2d.collision.shapes.PolygonShape; import org.jbox2d.common.Vec2; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.Body; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.BodyDef; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.BodyType; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.FixtureDef; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.World; import org.newdawn.slick.Color; public class Polygon { public float x, y; public Color color; public BodyType bodyType; org.newdawn.slick.geom.Polygon poly; BodyDef def; PolygonShape ps; FixtureDef fd; Body body; World world; Vec2[] verts; public Polygon(float x, float y, Vec2[] verts, BodyType bodyType, World world) { this.verts = verts; this.x = x; this.y = y; this.bodyType = bodyType; this.world = world; init(); } public void init() { def = new BodyDef(); def.type = bodyType; def.position.set(x, y); ps = new PolygonShape(); ps.set(verts, verts.length); fd = new FixtureDef(); fd.shape = ps; fd.density = 2.0f; fd.friction = 0.7f; fd.restitution = 0.5f; body = world.createBody(def); body.createFixture(fd); } } Rendering Class package main; import org.jbox2d.collision.shapes.PolygonShape; import org.jbox2d.collision.shapes.ShapeType; import org.jbox2d.common.MathUtils; import org.jbox2d.common.Vec2; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.Body; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.Fixture; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.World; import org.newdawn.slick.Color; import org.newdawn.slick.GameContainer; import org.newdawn.slick.Graphics; import org.newdawn.slick.geom.Polygon; import org.newdawn.slick.geom.Transform; public class Renderer { World world; float pixelsPerMeter; GameContainer gc; Graphics g; public Renderer(GameContainer gc, Graphics g, float ppm, World world) { this.world = world; this.pixelsPerMeter = ppm; this.g = g; this.gc = gc; } public void render() { Body current = world.getBodyList(); Vec2 center = current.getLocalCenter(); while(current != null) { Vec2 pos = current.getPosition(); g.pushTransform(); g.translate(pos.x * pixelsPerMeter + (0.5f * gc.getWidth()), -pos.y * pixelsPerMeter + (0.5f * gc.getHeight())); Fixture f = current.getFixtureList(); while(f != null) { ShapeType type = f.getType(); g.setColor(getColor(current)); switch(type) { case POLYGON: { PolygonShape shape = (PolygonShape)f.getShape(); Vec2[] verts = shape.getVertices(); int count = shape.getVertexCount(); Polygon p = new Polygon(); for(int i = 0; i < count; i++) { p.addPoint(verts[i].x, verts[i].y); } p.setCenterX(center.x); p.setCenterY(center.y); p = (Polygon)p.transform(Transform.createRotateTransform(current.getAngle() + MathUtils.PI, center.x, center.y)); p = (Polygon)p.transform(Transform.createScaleTransform(pixelsPerMeter, pixelsPerMeter)); g.draw(p); break; } case CIRCLE: { f.getShape(); } default: } f = f.getNext(); } g.popTransform(); current = current.getNext(); } } public Color getColor(Body b) { Color c = new Color(1f, 1f, 1f); switch(b.m_type) { case DYNAMIC: if(b.isActive()) { c = new Color(255, 123, 0); } else { c = new Color(99, 99, 99); } break; case KINEMATIC: break; case STATIC: c = new Color(111, 111, 111); break; default: break; } return c; } } Any help with fixing the collisions would be greatly appreciated, and if you need any other code snippets I would be happy to provide them.

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  • Dynamic Document Template

    - by ell
    I would like to create a "C++ Class" document template, I know you can make static ones by putting them into ~/Templates, but I would like to be able for the content to change according to the file name on creation, for example, using a template like such (pseudocode): #ifndef $(filename)_HPP_INCLUDED #define $(filename)_HPP_INCLUDED class $(filename) { public: } #endif $(filename)_HPP_INCLUDED Is this possible? If so, how can I do it? Thanks in advance, ell.

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  • tring to edit brightness

    - by Martin Mobbs
    i'm tring to edit the /sys/class/backlight/max_brightness file to stop ubuntu 12 returning to maximum brightness on each reboot. gedit won't save the file after i have modified it i have used chown to change ownership to me which was successful. I then changed gedits settings so it won't save a backup but it still won't save. It returns with this error, Could not save the file /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/max_brightness. Unexpected error: Error writing to file: Input/output error is this yet another bug?

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  • Java: How to manage UDP client-server state

    - by user92947
    I am trying to write a Java application that works similar to MapReduce. There is a server and several workers. Workers may come and go as they please and the membership to the group has a soft-state. To become a part of the group, the worker must send a UDP datagram to the server, but to continue to be part of the group, the worker must send the UDP datagram to the server every 5 minutes. In order to accommodate temporary errors, a worker is allowed to miss as many as two consecutive periodic UDP datagrams. So, the server must keep track of the current set of workers as well as the last time each worker had sent a UDP datagram. I've implemented a class called WorkerListener that implements Runnable and listens to UDP datagrams on a particular UDP port. Now, to keep track of active workers, this class may maintain a HashSet (or HashMap). When a datagram is received, the server may query the HashSet to check if it is a new member. If so, it can add the new worker to the group by adding an entry into the HashSet. If not, it must reset a "timer" for the worker, noting that it has just heard from the corresponding worker. I'm using the word timer in a generic sense. It doesn't have to be a clock of sorts. Perhaps this could also be implemented using int or long variables. Also, the server must run a thread that continuously monitors the timers for the workers to see that a client that times out on two consecutive datagram intervals, it is removed from the HashSet. I don't want to do this in the WorkerListener thread because it would be blocking on the UDP datagram receive() function. If I create a separate thread to monitor the worker HashSet, it would need to be a different class, perhaps WorkerRegistrar. I must share the HashSet with that thread. Mutual exclusion must also be implemented, then. My question is, what is the best way to do this? Pointers to some sample implementation would be great. I want to use the barebones JDK implementation, and not some fancy state maintenance API that takes care of everything, because I want this to be a useful demonstration for a class that I am teaching. Thanks

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  • Achieving decoupling in Model classes

    - by Guven
    I am trying to test-drive (or at least write unit tests) my Model classes but I noticed that my classes end up being too coupled. Since I can't break this coupling, writing unit tests is becoming harder and harder. To be more specific: Model Classes: These are the classes that hold the data in my application. They resemble pretty much the POJO (plain old Java objects), but they also have some methods. The application is not too big so I have around 15 model classes. Coupling: Just to give an example, think of a simple case of Order Header - Order Item. The header knows the item and the item knows the header (needs some information from the header for performing certain operations). Then, let's say there is the relationship between Order Item - Item Report. The item report needs the item as well. At this point, imagine writing tests for Item Report; you need have a Order Header to carry out the tests. This is a simple case with 3 classes; things get more complicated with more classes. I can come up with decoupled classes when I design algorithms, persistence layers, UI interactions, etc... but with model classes, I can't think of a way to separate them. They currently sit as one big chunk of classes that depend on each other. Here are some workarounds that I can think of: Data Generators: I have a package that generates sample data for my model classes. For example, the OrderHeaderGenerator class creates OrderHeaders with some basic data in it. I use the OrderHeaderGenerator from my ItemReport unit-tests so that I get an instance to OrderHeader class. The problem is these generators get complicated pretty fast and then I also need to test these generators; defeating the purpose a little bit. Interfaces instead of dependencies: I can come up with interfaces to get rid of the hard dependencies. For example, the OrderItem class would depend on the IOrderHeader interface. So, in my unit tests, I can easily mock the behaviour of an OrderHeader with a FakeOrderHeader class that implements the IOrderHeader interface. The problem with this approach is the complexity that the Model classes would end up having. Would you have other ideas on how to break this coupling in the model classes? Or, how to make it easier to unit-test the model classes?

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  • What is a good resource for learning how the .Net Framework works? [on hold]

    - by Till Death Developer
    I've been developing web apps, for a while now so i know how to get the job done, what i don't know is how every thing really works, i know some but the rest i can't get a grasp on like how abstract works, what happens when i instantiate an object from a class that inherits from an abstract class?, where things get stored Heap vs Stack?, in other words the Interview questions that i suck at, so any advice would be great, books, videos, online courses, whatever you can provide would really help me.

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  • Halloween: Season for Java Embedded Internet of Spooky Things (IoST) (Part 4)

    - by hinkmond
    And now here's the Java code that you'll need to read your ghost sensor on your Raspberry Pi The general idea is that you are using Java code to access the GPIO pin on your Raspberry Pi where the ghost sensor (JFET trasistor) detects minute changes in the electromagnetic field near the Raspberry Pi and will change the GPIO pin to high (+3 volts) when something is detected, otherwise there is no value (ground). Here's that Java code: try { /*** Init GPIO port(s) for input ***/ // Open file handles to GPIO port unexport and export controls FileWriter unexportFile = new FileWriter("/sys/class/gpio/unexport"); FileWriter exportFile = new FileWriter("/sys/class/gpio/export"); for (String gpioChannel : GpioChannels) { System.out.println(gpioChannel); // Reset the port File exportFileCheck = new File("/sys/class/gpio/gpio"+gpioChannel); if (exportFileCheck.exists()) { unexportFile.write(gpioChannel); unexportFile.flush(); } // Set the port for use exportFile.write(gpioChannel); exportFile.flush(); // Open file handle to input/output direction control of port FileWriter directionFile = new FileWriter("/sys/class/gpio/gpio" + gpioChannel + "/direction"); // Set port for input directionFile.write(GPIO_IN); } /*** Read data from each GPIO port ***/ RandomAccessFile[] raf = new RandomAccessFile[GpioChannels.length]; int sleepPeriod = 10; final int MAXBUF = 256; byte[] inBytes = new byte[MAXBUF]; String inLine; int zeroCounter = 0; // Get current timestamp with Calendar() Calendar cal; DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss.SSS"); String dateStr; // Open RandomAccessFile handle to each GPIO port for (int channum=0; channum And, then we just load up our Java SE Embedded app, place each Raspberry Pi with a ghost sensor attached in strategic locations around our Santa Clara office (which apparently is very haunted by ghosts from the Agnews Insane Asylum 1906 earthquake), and watch our analytics for any ghosts. Easy peazy. See the previous posts for the full series on the steps to this cool demo: Halloween: Season for Java Embedded Internet of Spooky Things (IoST) (Part 1) Halloween: Season for Java Embedded Internet of Spooky Things (IoST) (Part 2) Halloween: Season for Java Embedded Internet of Spooky Things (IoST) (Part 3) Halloween: Season for Java Embedded Internet of Spooky Things (IoST) (Part 4) Hinkmond

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  • Oracle University Aggiornamento sull'enablement dei partner (Week 13)

    - by swalker
    Get ready for Fusion Applications Implementations Oracle University has scheduled the first Fusion Applications Implementation courses in Italy. If you can’t find an In Class event for the course you need, why don’t you try a Live Virtual Class? Check out the Location: Online. All courses can be booked via the websites. For more information, assistance in booking and scheduling requests contact your local Oracle University Service Desk. Rimanete in contatto con Oracle University: LinkedIn OracleMix Twitter Facebook Google+

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  • WebLogic Server internal server error [migrated]

    - by Abhinav Pandey
    When I deployed a project in Apache Tomcat 6.0 it is working fine. When I deployed a same project in WebLogic Server 10.3 it's showing an error: Error 500--Internal Server Error javax.servlet.ServletException: [HTTP:101249][weblogic.servlet.internal.WebAppServletContext@ae43b8 - appName: '_appsdir_ab_dir', name: 'ab', context-path: '/ab', spec-version: 'null']: Servlet class FirstServlet for servlet FirstServlet could not be loaded because the requested class was not found in the classpath . java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: FirstServlet : Unsupported major.minor version 51.0.

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  • Fetching database query through function

    - by Shubham Maurya
    I am sick of connecting database in each script i need a more OOP approach to fetching database results. ex like wordpress use wpdb class to fetch results. This what wordpress does to get data <?php $posts = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT ID, post_title FROM $wpdb->posts WHERE post_status = 'publish' AND post_type='post' ORDER BY comment_count DESC LIMIT 0,4") ?> How can i create the same feature too using any class or function and use it in my script Thank you

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  • My schoolmates are playing too much and talk loudly, what should I do ? report them ? [closed]

    - by jokoon
    I'm a in a private game programming school class (there are also 3D/art classes in the school), and at least half or two third of the 12 people in my class play at various games (Age of Empires, web games, online card games, etc). They are talking quite loudly on top of that, and I'm getting hard times trying to concentrate: it feels like I'm in a cybercafe full of teenagers. I don't know if I have Hyperacusis (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperacusis),

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  • Savable in Widget Lookup on Move Action

    - by Geertjan
    Possible from 7.3 onwards, since Widget now implements Lookup.Provider for the first time: import java.awt.Point; import java.io.IOException; import org.netbeans.api.visual.action.ActionFactory; import org.netbeans.api.visual.action.MoveProvider; import org.netbeans.api.visual.widget.LabelWidget; import org.netbeans.api.visual.widget.Scene; import org.netbeans.api.visual.widget.Widget; import org.netbeans.spi.actions.AbstractSavable; import org.openide.util.Lookup; import org.openide.util.lookup.AbstractLookup; import org.openide.util.lookup.InstanceContent; import org.openide.windows.TopComponent; public class MyWidget extends LabelWidget { private MySavable mySavable; private Lookup lookup; private TopComponent tc; private InstanceContent ic; public MyWidget(Scene scene, String label, TopComponent tc) { super(scene, label); this.tc = tc; ic = new InstanceContent(); getActions().addAction(ActionFactory.createMoveAction(null, new MoveStrategyProvider())); } @Override public Lookup getLookup() { if (lookup == null) { lookup = new AbstractLookup(ic); } return lookup; } private class MoveStrategyProvider implements MoveProvider { @Override public void movementStarted(Widget widget) { } @Override public void movementFinished(Widget widget) { modify(); } @Override public Point getOriginalLocation(Widget widget) { return ActionFactory.createDefaultMoveProvider().getOriginalLocation(widget); } @Override public void setNewLocation(Widget widget, Point point) { ActionFactory.createDefaultMoveProvider().setNewLocation(widget, point); } } private void modify() { if (getLookup().lookup(MySavable.class) == null) { ic.add(mySavable = new MySavable()); } } private class MySavable extends AbstractSavable { public MySavable() { register(); } TopComponent tc() { return tc; } @Override protected String findDisplayName() { return getLabel(); } @Override protected void handleSave() throws IOException { ic.remove(mySavable); unregister(); } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (obj instanceof MySavable) { MySavable m = (MySavable) obj; return tc() == m.tc(); } return false; } @Override public int hashCode() { return tc().hashCode(); } } }

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  • Different bounding volumes for culling and collision detection

    - by Serthy
    Should an object in a 3D-engine use different bounding volumes for collision-detection (broad-phase) and culling? Basically class renderBounds and class physBounds versus class boundingVolume? Each of this classes then could either contain the same type of volumes (AABB's, kDOP's, sphere's etc.) or a special fitting one for the particular object. (note: without considering of using an external physics engine)

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  • Legitimate use of the Windows "Documents" folder in programs.

    - by romkyns
    Anyone who likes their Documents folder to contain only things they place there knows that the standard Documents folder is completely unsuitable for this task. Every program seems to want to put its settings, data, or something equally irrelevant into the Documents folder, despite the fact that there are folders specifically for this job1. So that this doesn't sound empty, take my personal "Documents" folder as an example. I don't ever use it, in that I never, under any circumstances, save anything into this folder myself. And yet, it contains 46 folders and 3 files at the top level, for a total of 800 files in 500 folders. That's 190 MB of "documents" I didn't create. Obviously any actual documents would immediately get lost in this mess. My question is: can anything be done to improve the situation sufficiently to make "Documents" useful again, say over the next 5 years? Can programmers be somehow educated en-masse not to use it as a dumping ground? Could the OS start reporting some "fake" location hidden under AppData through the existing APIs, while only allowing Explorer and the various Open/Save dialogs to know where the "real" Documents folder resides? Or are any attempts completely futile or even unnecessary? 1For the record, here's a quick summary of the various standard directories that should be used instead of "Documents": RoamingAppData for user-specific data and settings. This is the directory to use for user-specific non-temporary data. Anything placed here will be available on any machine that a given user logs on to in networks where this is configured. Do not place large files here though, because they slow down login/logout in such environments. LocalAppData for user-and-machine-specific data and settings. This data differs for every user and every machine. This is also where very large user-specific data should be placed. ProgramData for machine-specific data and settings. These are the same regardless of which user is logged on, and will not roam to other machines in a network. GetTempPath for all files that may be wiped without loss of data when not in use. This is also the place for things like caches, because like temporary data, a cache does not need to be backed up. Place your huge cache here and you'll save your user some backup trouble. "Documents" itself should only ever be used if the user specified it manually by entering a path or selecting it in a Save dialog. That is the only time it is ever appropriate to save stuff in "Documents".

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  • I&rsquo;m offended by your antisemantic views

    - by Brian Schroer
    CSS class names should usually be “semantic” (describing the meaning of the styled areas, e.g. “article-title”, “author-info”, “errror-message”, not “structural” (e.g. “left-side-navbar”, “small-title”). …and they definitely shouldn’t explicitly describe the styling. I’ve seen a class names like “bold-red-12pt”. If you’re going to do that, you might as well just use inline font tags. This article explains it much better than I can…

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  • Do I need "cube subclasses" to represent the blocks in a Minecraft-like world?

    - by stighy
    I would like to try to develop a very simple game like Minecraft for my own education. My main problem at the moment is figuring out how to model classes that represent the world, which will be made of blocks of various types (such as dirt, stone and sand). I am thinking of creating the following class structure: Cube (with proprerties like color, strength, flammable, gravity) with subclasses: Dirt Stone Sand et cetera My question is, do I need the Cube subclasses or a single class Cube sufficient?

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  • Do any OO languages support a mechanism to guarantee an overriden method will call the base?

    - by Aaron Anodide
    I think this might be a useful language feature and was wondering if any languages already support it. The idea is if you have: class C virtual F statement1 statement2 and class D inherits C override F statement1 statement2 C.F() There would be a keyword applied to C.F() such that removing the last line of code above would cause a compiler error because it's saying "This method can be overridden but the implementation here needs to run no matter what".

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  • Using elapsed time for SlowMo in XNA

    - by Dave Voyles
    I'm trying to create a slow-mo effect in my pong game so that when a player is a button the paddles and ball will suddenly move at a far slower speed. I believe my understanding of the concepts of adjusting the timing in XNA are done, but I'm not sure of how to incorporate it into my design exactly. The updates for my bats (paddles) are done in my Bat.cs class: /// Controls the bat moving up the screen /// </summary> public void MoveUp() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, -moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Controls the bat moving down the screen /// </summary> public void MoveDown() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Updates the position of the AI bat, in order to track the ball /// </summary> /// <param name="ball"></param> public virtual void UpdatePosition(Ball ball) { size.X = (int)Position.X; size.Y = (int)Position.Y; } While the rest of my game updates are done in my GameplayScreen.cs class (I'm using the XNA game state management sample) Class GameplayScreen { ........... bool slow; .......... public override void Update(GameTime gameTime, bool otherScreenHasFocus, bool coveredByOtherScreen) base.Update(gameTime, otherScreenHasFocus, false); if (IsActive) { // SlowMo Stuff Elapsed = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; if (Slowmo) Elapsed *= .8f; MoveTimer += Elapsed; double elapsedTime = gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds; if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Up)) slow = true; else if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Down)) slow = false; if (slow == true) elapsedTime *= .1f; // Updating bat position leftBat.UpdatePosition(ball); rightBat.UpdatePosition(ball); // Updating the ball position ball.UpdatePosition(); and finally my fixed time step is declared in the constructor of my Game1.cs Class: /// <summary> /// The main game constructor. /// </summary> public Game1() { IsFixedTimeStep = slow = false; } So my question is: Where do I place the MoveTimer or elapsedTime, so that my bat will slow down accordingly?

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  • Using NBuilder to mock up a data driven UI - Part 2

    In this article we will continue our discussion by filling out the implementation in our service class with some NBuilder code. Once we have the working service class in place we can then create a working UI (in the ASP.NET MVC project we created in the last article).

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  • Mutable Records in F#

    - by MarkPearl
    I’m loving my expert F# book – today I thought I would give a post on using mutable records as covered in Chapter 4 of Expert F#. So as they explain the simplest mutable data structures in F# are mutable records. The whole concept of things by default being immutable is a new one for me from my C# background. Anyhow… lets look at some C# code first. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace MutableRecords { public class DiscreteEventCounter { public int Total { get; set; } public int Positive { get; set; } public string Name { get; private set; } public DiscreteEventCounter(string name) { Name = name; } } class Program { private static void recordEvent(DiscreteEventCounter s, bool isPositive) { s.Total += 1; if (isPositive) s.Positive += 1; } private static void reportStatus (DiscreteEventCounter s) { Console.WriteLine("We have {0} {1} out of {2}", s.Positive, s.Name, s.Total); } static void Main(string[] args) { var longCounter = new DiscreteEventCounter("My Discrete Counter"); recordEvent(longCounter, true); recordEvent(longCounter, true); reportStatus(longCounter); Console.ReadLine(); } } } Quite simple, we have a class that has a few values. We instantiate an instance of the class and perform increments etc on the instance. Now lets look at an equivalent F# sample. namespace EncapsulationNS module Module1 = open System type DiscreteEventCounter = { mutable Total : int mutable Positive : int Name : string } let recordEvent (s: DiscreteEventCounter) isPositive = s.Total <- s.Total+1 if isPositive then s.Positive <- s.Positive+1 let reportStatus (s: DiscreteEventCounter) = printfn "We have %d %s out of %d" s.Positive s.Name s.Total let newCounter nm = { Total = 0; Positive = 0; Name = nm } // // Using it... // let longCounter = newCounter "My Discrete Counter" recordEvent longCounter (true) recordEvent longCounter (true) reportStatus longCounter System.Console.ReadLine() Notice in the type declaration of the DiscreteEventCounter we had to explicitly declare that the total and positive value holders were mutable. And that’s it – a very simple example of mutable types.

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  • Lambda&rsquo;s for .NET made easy&hellip;

    - by mbcrump
    The purpose of my blog is to explain things for a beginner to intermediate c# programmer. I’ve seen several blog post that use lambda expressions always assuming the audience is familiar with them. The purpose of this post is to make them simple and easily understood. Let’s begin with a definition. A lambda expression is an anonymous function that can contain expressions and statements, and can be used to create delegates or expression tree types. So anonymous function… delegates or expression tree types? I don’t get it??? Confused yet?   Lets break this into a few definitions and jump right into the code. anonymous function – is an "inline" statement or expression that can be used wherever a delegate type is expected. delegate - is a type that references a method. Once a delegate is assigned a method, it behaves exactly like that method. The delegate method can be used like any other method, with parameters and a return value. Expression trees - represent code in a tree-like data structure, where each node is an expression, for example, a method call or a binary operation such as x < y.   Don’t worry if this still sounds confusing, lets jump right into the code with a simple 3 line program. We are going to use a Function Delegate (all you need to remember is that this delegate returns a value.) Lambda expressions are used most commonly with the Func and Action delegates, so you will see an example of both of these. Lambda Expression 3 lines. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text;   namespace ConsoleApplication7 {     class Program     {          static void Main(string[] args)         {             Func<int, int> myfunc = x => x *x;             Console.WriteLine(myfunc(6).ToString());             Console.ReadLine();         }       } } Is equivalent to Old way of doing it. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text;   namespace ConsoleApplication7 {     class Program     {          static void Main(string[] args)         {               Console.WriteLine(myFunc(6).ToString());             Console.ReadLine();         }            static int myFunc(int x)          {              return x * x;            }       } } In the example, there is a single parameter, x, and the expression is x*x. I’m going to stop here to make sure you are still with me. A lambda expression is an unnamed method written in place of a delegate instance. In other words, the compiler converts the lambda expression to either a : A delegate instance An expression tree All lambda have the following form: (parameters) => expression or statement block Now look back to the ones we have created. It should start to sink in. Don’t get stuck on the => form, use it as an identifier of a lambda. A Lamba expression can also be written in the following form: Lambda Expression. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text;   namespace ConsoleApplication7 {     class Program     {          static void Main(string[] args)         {             Func<int, int> myFunc = x =>             {                 return x * x;             };               Console.WriteLine(myFunc(6).ToString());             Console.ReadLine();         }       } } This form may be easier to read but consumes more space. Lets try an Action delegate – this delegate does not return a value. Action Delegate example. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text;   namespace ConsoleApplication7 {     class Program     {          static void Main(string[] args)         {             Action<string> myAction = (string x) => { Console.WriteLine(x); };             myAction("michael has made this so easy");                                   Console.ReadLine();         }       } } Lambdas can also capture outer variables (such as the example below) A lambda expression can reference the local variables and parameters of the method in which it’s defined. Outer variables referenced by a lambda expression are called captured variables. Capturing Outer Variables using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text;   namespace ConsoleApplication7 {     class Program     {          static void Main(string[] args)         {             string mike = "Michael";             Action<string> myAction = (string x) => {                 Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}", mike, x);          };             myAction(" has made this so easy");                                   Console.ReadLine();         }       } } Lamba’s can also with a strongly typed list to loop through a collection.   Used w a strongly typed list. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text;   namespace ConsoleApplication7 {     class Program     {          static void Main(string[] args)         {             List<string> list = new List<string>() { "1", "2", "3", "4" };             list.ForEach(s => Console.WriteLine(s));             Console.ReadLine();         }       } } Outputs: 1 2 3 4 I think this will get you started with Lambda’s, as always consult the MSDN documentation for more information. Still confused? Hopefully you are not.

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  • How to get around the Circular Reference issue with JSON and Entity

    - by DanScan
    I have been experimenting with creating a website that leverages MVC with JSON for my presentation layer and Entity framework for data model/database. My Issue comes into play with serializing my Model objects into JSON. I am using the code first method to create my database. When doing the code first method a one to many relationship (parent/child) requires the child to have a reference back to the parent. (Example code my be a typo but you get the picture) class parent { public List<child> Children{get;set;} public int Id{get;set;} } class child { public int ParentId{get;set;} [ForeignKey("ParentId")] public parent MyParent{get;set;} public string name{get;set;} } When returning a "parent" object via a JsonResult a circular reference error is thrown because "child" has a property of class parent. I have tried the ScriptIgnore attribute but I lose the ability to look at the child objects. I will need to display information in a parent child view at some point. I have tried to make base classes for both parent and child that do not have a circular reference. Unfortunately when I attempt to send the baseParent and baseChild these are read by the JSON Parser as their derived classes (I am pretty sure this concept is escaping me). Base.baseParent basep = (Base.baseParent)parent; return Json(basep, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); The one solution I have come up with is to create "View" Models. I create simple versions of the database models that do not include the reference to the parent class. These view models each have method to return the Database Version and a constructor that takes the database model as a parameter (viewmodel.name = databasemodel.name). This method seems forced although it works. NOTE:I am posting here because I think this is more discussion worthy. I could leverage a different design pattern to over come this issue or it could be as simple as using a different attribute on my model. In my searching I have not seen a good method to overcome this problem. My end goal would be to have a nice MVC application that heavily leverages JSON for communicating with the server and displaying data. While maintaining a consistant model across layers (or as best as I can come up with).

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  • Handy Generic JQuery Functions

    - by Steve Wilkes
    I was a bit of a late-comer to the JQuery party, but now I've been using it for a while it's given me a host of options for adding extra flair to the client side of my applications. Here's a few generic JQuery functions I've written which can be used to add some neat little features to a page. Just call any of them from a document ready function. Apply JQuery Themeroller Styles to all Page Buttons   The JQuery Themeroller is a great tool for creating a theme for a site based on colours and styles for particular page elements. The JQuery.UI library then provides a set of functions which allow you to apply styles to page elements. This function applies a JQuery Themeroller style to all the buttons on a page - as well as any elements which have a button class applied to them - and then makes the mouse pointer turn into a cursor when you mouse over them: function addCursorPointerToButtons() {     $("button, input[type='submit'], input[type='button'], .button") .button().css("cursor", "pointer"); } Automatically Remove the Default Value from a Select Box   Required drop-down select boxes often have a default option which reads 'Please select...' (or something like that), but once someone has selected a value, there's no need to retain that. This function removes the default option from any select boxes on the page which have a data-val-remove-default attribute once one of the non-default options has been chosen: function removeDefaultSelectOptionOnSelect() {     $("select[data-val-remove-default='']").change(function () {         var sel = $(this);         if (sel.val() != "") { sel.children("option[value='']:first").remove(); }     }); } Automatically add a Required Label and Stars to a Form   It's pretty standard to have a little * next to required form field elements. This function adds the text * Required to the top of the first form on the page, and adds *s to any element within the form with the class editor-label and a data-val-required attribute: function addRequiredFieldLabels() {     var elements = $(".editor-label[data-val-required='']");     if (!elements.length) { return; }     var requiredString = "<div class='editor-required-key'>* Required</div>";     var prependString = "<span class='editor-required-label'> * </span>"; var firstFormOnThePage = $("form:first");     if (!firstFormOnThePage.children('div.editor-required-key').length) {         firstFormOnThePage.prepend(requiredString);     }     elements.each(function (index, value) { var formElement = $(this);         if (!formElement.children('span.editor-required-label').length) {             formElement.prepend(prependString);         }     }); } I hope those come in handy :)

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  • SQL Server stored procedure to generate random passwords

    SQL Server is used to support many applications and one such feature of most applications is the storage of passwords. Sometimes there is a need to reset a password using a temporary password or generate a random password for a new user. In this tip I cover a simple stored procedure to generate random passwords that can be incorporated into your applications. Get Smart with SQL Backup Pro Powerful centralised management, encryption and more.SQL Backup Pro was the smartest kid at school Discover why.

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  • Win 2 years free web hosting for your site!!!

    - by mcp111
    EggHeadCafe is giving away a free 2 year Personal Class Account to Arvixe ASP.NET Web Hosting! In fact, all members who enter the drawing below win a 20% discount off a Personal Class Account. The nice thing about Arvixe is that they also accept Google checkout and Paypal. http://www.eggheadcafe.com/tutorials/aspnet/828f2029-b7be-4d15-877c-0d9e9ab74fc5/review-of-arvixecom-web-site-hosting.aspx  Tweet

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