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  • grails question (sample 1 of Grails To Action book) problem with Controller and Service

    - by fegloff
    Hi, I'm doing Grails To Action sample for chapter one. Every was just fine until I started to work with Services. When I run the app I have the following error: groovy.lang.MissingPropertyException: No such property: quoteService for class: qotd.QuoteController at qotd.QuoteController$_closure3.doCall(QuoteController.groovy:14) at qotd.QuoteController$_closure3.doCall(QuoteController.groovy) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619) Here is my groovie QuoteService class, which has an error within the definition of GetStaticQuote (ERROR: Groovy:unable to resolve class Quote) package qotd class QuoteService { boolean transactional = false def getRandomQuote() { def allQuotes = Quote.list() def randomQuote = null if (allQuotes.size() > 0) { def randomIdx = new Random().nextInt(allQuotes.size()) randomQuote = allQuotes[randomIdx] } else { randomQuote = getStaticQuote() } return randomQuote } def getStaticQuote() { return new Quote(author: "Anonymous",content: "Real Programmers Don't eat quiche") } } Controller groovie class package qotd class QuoteController { def index = { redirect(action: random) } def home = { render "<h1>Real Programmers do not each quiche!</h1>" } def random = { def randomQuote = quoteService.getRandomQuote() [ quote : randomQuote ] } def ajaxRandom = { def randomQuote = quoteService.getRandomQuote() render "<q>${randomQuote.content}</q>" + "<p>${randomQuote.author}</p>" } } Quote Class: package qotd class Quote { String content String author Date created = new Date() static constraints = { author(blank:false) content(maxSize:1000, blank:false) } } I'm doing the samples using Eclipse with grails addin. Any advice? Regards, Francisco

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  • C/C++ macro/template blackmagic to generate unique name.

    - by anon
    Macros are fine. Templates are fine. Pretty much whatever it works is fine. The example is OpenGL; but the technique is C++ specific and relies on no knowledge of OpenGL. Precise problem: I want an expression E; where I do not have to specify a unique name; such that a constructor is called where E is defined, and a destructor is called where the block E is in ends. For example, consider: class GlTranslate { GLTranslate(float x, float y, float z); { glPushMatrix(); glTranslatef(x, y, z); } ~GlTranslate() { glPopMatrix(); } }; Manual solution: { GlTranslate foo(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); // I had ti give it a name ..... } // auto popmatrix Now, I have this not only for glTranslate, but lots of other PushAttrib/PopAttrib calls too. I would prefer not to have to come up with a unique name for each var. Is there some trick involving macros templates ... or something else that will automatically create a variable who's constructor is called at point of definition; and destructor called at end of block? Thanks!

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  • Generic Constraints And Type Parameters Mess

    - by Dummy01
    Hi everyone, I have the following base abstract class defined as: public abstract class BaseObject<T> : IComparable, IComparable<T>, IEquatable<T> {} I also have an interface defined as: public interface ICode<T> where T : struct { T Code { get; } } Now I want to derive a class that is inherited from BaseObject<T> and includes interface ICode<T>. I tried to define it like that: public class DerivedObject<T, U> : BaseObject<T>, ICode<U> where T : DerivedObject<T, U> where U : struct { public DerivedObject(U code) { Code = code; } // From BaseObject protected override int InstanceCompareTo(T obj) { return Code.CompareTo(obj.Code); } // From BaseObject protected override bool InstanceEquals(T obj) { return Code.Equals(obj.Code); } // From ICode U _Code; public U Code { get { return _Code; } protected set { _Code = value; } } } The only error that comes from the compiler is for Code.CompareTo(obj.Code) with the message: 'U' does not contain a definition for 'CompareTo' and no extension method 'CompareTo' accepting a first argument of type 'U' could be found. But U is a value type and should know CompareTo. Have you any idea what I am doing wrong, or if I do all wrong? My final aim is to derive classes such these: public class Account : DerivedObject<Account, int> public class ItemGroup : DerivedObject<ItemGroup, string> Big Thanks In Advance!

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  • Should we retire the term "Context"?

    - by MrGumbe
    I'm not sure if there is a more abused term in the world of programming than "Context." A word that has a very clear meaning in the English language has somehow morphed into a hot mess in software development, where the definition where the connotation can be completely different based on what library you happen to be developing in. Tomcat uses the word context to mean the configuration of a web application. Java applets, on the other hand, use an AppletContext to define attributes of the browser and HTML tag that launched it, but the BeanContext is defined as a container. ASP.NET uses the HttpContext object as a grab bag of state - containing information about the current request / response, session, user, server, and application objects. Context Oriented Programming defines the term as "Any information which is computationally accessible may form part of the context upon which behavioral variations depend," which I translate as "anything in the world." The innards of the Windows OS uses the CONTEXT structure to define properties about the hardware environment. The .NET installation classes, however, use the InstallContext property to represent the command line arguments entered to the installation class. The above doesn't even touch how all of us non-framework developers have used the term. I've seen plenty of developers fall into the subconscious trap of "I can't think of anything else to call this class, so I'll name it 'WidgetContext.'" Do you all agree that before naming our class a "Context," we may want to first consider some more descriptive terms? "Environment", "Configuraton", and "ExecutionState" come readily to mind.

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  • What exactly can "Full Control" with SharePoint Designer accomplish?

    - by Brian L.
    I've been brought in as an intern to develop a SharePoint site. My team won't authorize the budget for Visual Studio and I don't have physical or remote access to the SharePoint server (running Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 a.k.a. WSS) on the back-end. So what exactly can I do? I'm a pretty decent programmer when it comes to web technologies like PHP, JS and the obvious HTML and CSS. In an environment like this locked-down SharePoint though, I'm stumped trying to figure out how much control I have with MS's definition of "Full Control". If I figured out a way to write some C#, I'm pretty sure I could handle my own, but as I said no Visual Studio for me. Any good ideas of features that people will use on a site built with the limited functionality of WSS and SharePoint Designer with "Full Control"? Can I somehow manipulate the default Web Parts into something cool or useful? Are there Ajax tricks I can do to accomplish something on the back-end? Thanks in advance, I'm new to StackOverflow and very anxious to get involved here!

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  • What's the correct way to pass parameters from VBScript to COM interface implemented in C#?

    - by nopopem
    I'm trying to expose a fairly simple C# class to COM which should be usable from VBScript (among others). Some objects need to be created via COM calls and will be used in furter calls later on. The definition of the exposed classes and interfaces looks like this: namespace Test { [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIDispatch)] public interface IComInterface { IFoo CreateFoo(); void UseFoo(int x, IFoo f); } [ClassInterface(ClassInterfaceType.None)] public sealed class CComInterface : IComInterface { public CComInterface() {} public IFoo CreateFoo() { return new Foo(); } public void UseFoo(int x, IFoo f) { f.Bar(); } } [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIDispatch)] public interface IFoo { void Bar(); } [ClassInterface(ClassInterfaceType.None)] public class Foo : IFoo { internal Foo() {} public void Bar() {} } } The simplest thinkable COM client in VBScript does this: Dim ci Set ci = WScript.CreateObject("Test.CComInterface") Dim foo Set foo = ci.CreateFoo foo.Bar ci.UseFoo 0, foo While the call to Bar succeeds, calling UseFoo fails with "Error 5: invalid procedure call or invalid argument" The generated IDL seems ok to me: dispinterface IComInterface { properties: methods: [id(0x60020003)] IFoo* CreateFoo(); [id(0x60020004)] void UseFoo( [in] long x, [in] IFoo* f); }; The vbs call succeeds when I wrap the second parameter in parentheses like this: ci.UseFoo 0, (foo) As far as I understand (I'm no VBScript expert however) this forces the reference to foo to be passed by value, i.e. a copy of the reference is being made. How can I change the interface so that it can be called with the foo reference directly? Since this will be a public interface used by customers I don't like the idea of having to explain why all the objects created need to be passed back in an extra pair of parentheses...

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  • Problem using a COM interface as parameter

    - by Cesar
    I have the following problem: I have to projects Project1 and Project2. In Project1 I have an interface IMyInterface. In Project2 I have an interface IMyInterface2 with a method that receives a pointer to IMyInterface1. When I use import "Project1.idl"; in my Project2.idl, a #include "Project1.h" appears in Project2___i.h. But this file does not even exist!. What is the proper way to import an interface defined into other library into a idl file? I tried to replace the #include "Project1.h" by *#include "Project1_i.h"* or *#include "Project1_i.c"*, but it gave me a lot of errors. I also tried to use importlib("Project1.tlb") and define my interface IMyInterface2 within the library definition. But when I compile Project2PS project, an error is raised (something like dlldata.c is not generated if no interface is defined). I tried to create a dummy Project1.h. But when Project2___i.h is compiled, compiler cannot find MyInterface1. And if I include Project1___i.h I get a lot of errors again! Apparently, it is a simple issue, but I don't know how to solve it. I'm stuck with that!. By the way, I'm using VS2008 SP1. Thanks in advance.

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  • Why trigger query fails in the sqlite with Qt?

    - by dexterous_stranger
    I am a beginner in the SQL. I am using SQLite, Qt - on embedded systems. I want to put a trigger here. The trigger is that whenever the primary key Id is greater than 32145, then channelNum=101 should be set. I want to set the attrib name - text also, but I got the compilation issue. I believe that the setting of trigger is the part of DDL - Data definition language. Please let me know that if I am wrong here. Here is my create db code. I get the sql query error. Also please do suggest how to set the text attrib = "COmedy". /** associate db with query **/ QSqlQuery query ( m_demo_db ); /** Foreign keys are disabled by default in sqlite **/ /** Here is the pragma to turn them on first **/ query.exec("PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON;"); if ( false == query.exec()) { qDebug()<<"Pragma failed"; } /** Create Table for storing user preference LCN for DTT **/ qDebug()<<"Create Table postcode.db"; query.prepare(" CREATE TABLE dttServiceList (Id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, attrib varchar(20), channelNum integer )" ); if ( false == query.exec()) { qDebug()<<"Create dttServiceList table failed"; } /** Try placing trigger here **/ triggerQuery = "CREATE TRIGGER upd_check BEFORE INSERT ON dttServiceList \ FOR EACH ROW \ BEGIN \ IF Id > 32145 THEN SET channelNum=101; \ END IF; \ END; "; query.prepare(triggerQuery); if ( false == query.exec()) { qDebug()<<"Trigger failed !!"; qDebug() << query.lastError(); } Also, how to set the text name in the trigger - I want to SET attrib = "Comedy".

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  • Shaping EF LINQ Query Results Using Multi-Table Includes

    - by sisdog
    I have a simple LINQ EF query below using the method syntax. I'm using my Include statement to join four tables: Event and Doc are the two main tables, EventDoc is a many-to-many link table, and DocUsage is a lookup table. My challenge is that I'd like to shape my results by only selecting specific columns from each of the four tables. But, the compiler is giving a compiler is giving me the following error: 'System.Data.Objects.DataClasses.EntityCollection does not contain a definition for "Doc' and no extension method 'Doc' accepting a first argument of type 'System.Data.Objects.DataClasses.EntityCollection' could be found. I'm sure this is something easy but I'm not figuring it out. I haven't been able to find an example of someone using the multi-table include but also shaping the projection. Thx,Mark var qry= context.Event .Include("EventDoc.Doc.DocUsage") .Select(n => new { n.EventDate, n.EventDoc.Doc.Filename, //<=COMPILER ERROR HERE n.EventDoc.Doc.DocUsage.Usage }) .ToList(); EventDoc ed; Doc d = ed.Doc; //<=NO COMPILER ERROR SO I KNOW MY MODEL'S CORRECT DocUsage du = d.DocUsage;

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  • mysql stored funtion usage

    - by shikhar
    I just wrote a stored function to calculate the working days between two dates. This works select CountWeekDays('2010-03-07','2010-04-07') This doesn't work select CountWeekDays(o.order_date,o.created_date) from orders o; Any idea how to make this one work ?? function definition delimiter $$; CREATE FUNCTION CountWeekDays (sdate VARCHAR(50), edate VARCHAR(50)) RETURNS INT BEGIN DECLARE wdays, tdiff, counter, thisday smallint; DECLARE newdate DATE; SET newdate := sdate; SET wdays = 0; if DATEDIFF(edate, sdate) = 0 THEN RETURN 1; END IF; if DATEDIFF(edate, sdate) < 0 THEN RETURN 0; END IF; label1: LOOP SET thisday = DAYOFWEEK(newdate); IF thisday BETWEEN 2 AND 6 THEN SET wdays := wdays + 1; END IF; SET newdate = DATE_ADD(newdate, INTERVAL 1 DAY); IF DATEDIFF(edate, newdate) < 0 THEN LEAVE label1; END IF; END LOOP label1; RETURN wdays; END

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  • How do I set up the python/c library correctly?

    - by Bartvbl
    I have been trying to get the python/c library to like my mingW compiler. The python online doncumentation; http://docs.python.org/c-api/intro.html#include-files only mentions that I need to import the python.h file. I grabbed it from the installation directory (as is required on the windows platform), and tested it by compiling the script: #include "Python.h". This compiled fine. Next, I tried out the snippet of code shown a bit lower on the python/c API page: PyObject *t; t = PyTuple_New(3); PyTuple_SetItem(t, 0, PyInt_FromLong(1L)); PyTuple_SetItem(t, 1, PyInt_FromLong(2L)); PyTuple_SetItem(t, 2, PyString_FromString("three")); For some reason, the compiler would compile the code if I'd remove the last 4 lines (so that only the pyObject variable definition would be left), yet calling the actual constructor of the tuple returned errors. I am probably missing something completely obvious here, given I am very new to C, but does anyone know what it is?

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  • How to remove empty tables from a MySQL backup file.

    - by user280708
    I have multiple large MySQL backup files all from different DBs and having different schemas. I want to load the backups into our EDW but I don't want to load the empty tables. Right now I'm cutting out the empty tables using AWK on the backup files, but I'm wondering if there's a better way to do this. If anyone is interested, this is my AWK script: EDIT: I noticed today that this script has some problems, please beware if you want to actually try to use it. Your output may be WRONG... I will post my changes as I make them. # File: remove_empty_tables.awk # Copyright (c) Northwestern University, 2010 # http://edw.northwestern.edu /^--$/ { i = 0; line[++i] = $0; getline if ($0 ~ /-- Definition/) { inserts = 0; while ($0 !~ / ALTER TABLE .* ENABLE KEYS /) { # If we already have an insert: if (inserts > 0) print else { # If we found an INSERT statement, the table is NOT empty: if ($0 ~ /^INSERT /) { ++inserts # Dump the lines before the INSERT and then the INSERT: for (j = 1; j <= i; ++j) print line[j] i = 0 print $0 } # Otherwise we may yet find an insert, so save the line: else line[++i] = $0 } getline # go to the next line } line[++i] = $0; getline line[++i] = $0; getline if (inserts > 0) { for (j = 1; j <= i; ++j) print line[j] print $0 } next } else { print "--" } } { print }

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  • Implementing Tagging System with PHP and mySQL. Caching help!!!

    - by Hamid Sarfraz
    With reference to this post: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2122546/how-to-implement-tag-counting I have implemented the suggested 3 table tagging system completely. To count the number of Articles per tag, i am using another column named tagArticleCount in the tag definition table. (other columns are tagId, tagText, tagUrl, tagArticleCount). If i implement realtime editing of this table, so that whenever user adds another tag to article or deletes an existing tag, the tag_definition_table is updated to update the counter of the added/removed tag. This will cost an extra query each time any modification is made. (at the same time, related link entry for tag and article is deleted from tagLinkTable). An alternative to this is not allowing any real time editing to the counter, instead use CRONs to update counter of each tag after a specified time period. Here comes the problem that i want to discuss. This can be seen as caching the article count in database. Can you please help me find a way to present the articles in a list when a tag is explored and when the article counter for that tag is not up to date. For example: 1. Counter shows 50 articles, but there are infact 55 entries in the tag link table (that links tags and articles). 2. Counter shows 50 articles, but there are infact 45 extries in the tag link table. How to handle these 2 scenerios given in example. I am going to use APC to keep cache of these counters. Consider it too in your solution. Also discuss performance in the realtime / CRONNED counter updates.

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  • Can TFS workspaces be used without being tied to a specific machine?

    - by GWLlosa
    So I've got a situation where we have a project with 10 developers. Each developer, when they come in for the day, is randomly issued a machine to use for development that day. The machine names are different, say DEV01 - DEV10. At the time that they are issued to the developers, the machines are identical, and no changes the developers make during the day are persisted on the machines (source code changes are stored in TFS, not locally). These are of course actually virtual machines, but that's not really relevant to the point at hand. The problem is that each morning, the developers run into 3 issues: 1) The machine that they are assigned may not be the same machine they were last assigned to. For example, DevMan A might have used DEV04 yesterday, and received DEV06 today. His workspace definitions are now tied to DEV06; he must create a new workspace, or migrate the old workspace to DEV04. 2) The machine that they are assigned may have been in use yesterday, and some of the mappings may conflict. For example, DevMan A might have DEV04 today, and wish to create a workspace mapping the project folder to "C:\MyProj\Solution". However, DevMan B had DEV04 yesterday, and he used the same project folder. TFS now complains. 3) This may be the first time they are on a given machine. They now need to recreate for this machine all of their source-control mappings for the new machine. All of these issues can be resolved in a straightforward fashion on a case-by-case basis, but it does sap some productivity from the morning. We'd much prefer if the TFS workspace definitions could be 'relaxed', such that they did not include the machine name in the definition somehow. Barring that, if anyone is aware of a solution to the above problems that can run automatically, or with limited user intervention, that would also be ideal.

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  • c# template member functions

    - by user3730583
    How can I define a template member function in C# For instance I will fill any collection which supports an Add(...) member function, please check out the sample code below public class CInternalCollection { public static void ExternalCollectionTryOne<T<int>>(ref T<int> ext_col, int para_selection = 0) { foreach (int int_value in m_int_col) { if (int_value > para_selection) ext_col.Add(int_value); } } public static void ExternalCollectionTryTwo<T>(ref T ext_col, int para_selection = 0) { foreach (int int_value in m_int_col) { if (int_value > para_selection) ext_col.Add(int_value); } } static int[] m_int_col = { 0, -1, -3, 5, 7, -8 }; } The ExternalCollectionTryOne<...(...) would be the preferred kind, because the int type can be explicit defined, but results in an error: Type parameter declaration must be an identifier not a type The type or namespace name 'T' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) The ExternalCollectionTryTwo<...(...) results in an error: 'T' does not contain a definition for 'Add' and no extension method 'Add' accepting a first argument of type 'T' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)... I hope the problem is clear – any suggestions? ----------------------------- edit -------------------------- The answers with the interface ICollection<.. without a template member works fine and thanks all for this hint, but I still cannot define successfully a member template(generic) function So a more simpler example ... how can I define this public class CAddCollectionValues { public static void AddInt<T>(ref T number, int selection) { T new_T = new T(); //this line is just an easy demonstration to get a compile error with type T foreach (int i_value in m_int_col) { if (i_value > selection) number += i_value; //again the type T cannot be used } } static int[] m_int_col = { 0, -1, -3, 5, 7, -8 }; }

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  • How to catch unintentional function interpositioning with GCC?

    - by SiegeX
    Reading through my book Expert C Programming, I came across the chapter on function interpositioning and how it can lead to some serious hard to find bugs if done unintentionally. The example given in the book is the following: my_source.c mktemp() { ... } main() { mktemp(); getwd(); } libc mktemp(){ ... } getwd(){ ...; mktemp(); ... } According to the book, what happens in main() is that mktemp() (a standard C library function) is interposed by the implementation in my_source.c. Although having main() call my implementation of mktemp() is intended behavior, having getwd() (another C library function) also call my implementation of mktemp() is not. Apparently, this example was a real life bug that existed in SunOS 4.0.3's version of lpr. The book goes on to explain the fix was to add the keyword static to the definition of mktemp() in my_source.c; although changing the name altogether should have fixed this problem as well. This chapter leaves me with some unresolved questions that I hope you guys could answer: Should our software group adopt the practice of putting the keyword static in front of all functions that we don't want to be exposed? Does GCC have a way to warn about function interposition? We certainly don't ever intend on this happening and I'd like to know about it if it does. Can interposition happen with functions introduced by static libraries? Thanks for the help.

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  • Telerik ASP.NET MVC2 Grid Delete Function with compound key.

    - by Dani
    I have a grid with a compound key: OrderId, ItemID. When I update the grid - the public ActionResult UpdateItemGridAjax(int OrderID, string ItemID) Gets both values from the grid. When I delete a row I get only the first one: public ActionResult DeleteItemGridAjax(int OrderID, string ItemID) Why is it happens and how can I get the ItemId value of the deleted row ? Grid Definition: <%= Html.Telerik().Grid<ItemsInOrderPOCO>() .Name("ItemsInOrderGrid") .DataKeys(dataKeys => { dataKeys.Add(e => e.OrderID); dataKeys.Add(e => e.ItemID); }) .ToolBar(commands => commands.Insert()) .DataBinding(dataBinding => { dataBinding.Ajax() //Ajax binding .Select("SelectItemGridAjax", "Orders", new { OrderID = Model.myOrder.OrderID }) .Insert("InsertItemGridAjax", "Orders", new { OrderID = Model.myOrder.OrderID }) .Update("UpdateItemGridAjax", "Orders") .Delete("DeleteItemGridAjax", "Orders"); }) .Columns(c => { c.Bound(o => o.ItemID); c.Bound(o => o.OrderID).Column.Visible = false; c.Bound(o => o.ItemDescription); c.Bound(o => o.NumOfItems); c.Bound(o => o.CostOfItem); c.Bound(o => o.TotalCost); c.Bound(o => o.SupplyDate); c.Command(commands => { commands.Edit(); commands.Delete(); }).Width(180).Title("Upadte"); })

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  • What does "Select Distinct Null As xxxxx" mean?

    - by Soylent Green
    Background: I am mapping Sybase stored procedure return values to java objects using Spring. For example I map a Sybase datatype of varchar as a String type in Java, and a Sybase datatype of int as an int type in Java, etc. I have come across the following code in one of the stored procedures: SELECT DISTINCT A.Col1 AS val1, A.Col2 AS val2, NULL AS someVal, A.col3 AS val3, ... A.col9 AS val9 FROM #SomeTable A ORDER BY Col2, Col3 I have 2 related questions: What does Null mean in this scenario? I am confused as to what is happening here. I am able to determine the data type of Col1, Col2, etc. of course by looking at the table definition of Table A defined earlier in the stored procedure. Thus I know what datatype I can define in my Java object for val1, val2, etc.. But what about "someVal"? What datatype mapping am I supposed to perform for this Null value? I am fairly inexperienced in SQL. Perhaps the answer is much simpler than I realize.

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  • How do I make a function in SQL Server that accepts a column of data?

    - by brandon k
    I made the following function in SQL Server 2008 earlier this week that takes two parameters and uses them to select a column of "detail" records and returns them as a single varchar list of comma separated values. Now that I get to thinking about it, I would like to take this table and application-specific function and make it more generic. I am not well-versed in defining SQL functions, as this is my first. How can I change this function to accept a single "column" worth of data, so that I can use it in a more generic way? Instead of calling: SELECT ejc_concatFormDetails(formuid, categoryName) I would like to make it work like: SELECT concatColumnValues(SELECT someColumn FROM SomeTable) Here is my function definition: FUNCTION [DNet].[ejc_concatFormDetails](@formuid AS int, @category as VARCHAR(75)) RETURNS VARCHAR(1000) AS BEGIN DECLARE @returnData VARCHAR(1000) DECLARE @currentData VARCHAR(75) DECLARE dataCursor CURSOR FAST_FORWARD FOR SELECT data FROM DNet.ejc_FormDetails WHERE formuid = @formuid AND category = @category SET @returnData = '' OPEN dataCursor FETCH NEXT FROM dataCursor INTO @currentData WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0) BEGIN SET @returnData = @returnData + ', ' + @currentData FETCH NEXT FROM dataCursor INTO @currentData END CLOSE dataCursor DEALLOCATE dataCursor RETURN SUBSTRING(@returnData,3,1000) END As you can see, I am selecting the column data within my function and then looping over the results with a cursor to build my comma separated varchar. How can I alter this to accept a single parameter that is a result set and then access that result set with a cursor?

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  • Delphi: EInvalidOp in neural network class (TD-lambda)

    - by user89818
    I have the following draft for a neural network class. This neural network should learn with TD-lambda. It is started by calling the getRating() function. But unfortunately, there is an EInvalidOp (invalid floading point operation) error after about 1000 iterations in the following lines: neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda Why is this error? I can't find the mistake in my code :( Can you help me? Thank you very much in advance! unit uNeuronalesNetz; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls, Grids, Menus, Math; const NEURONS_INPUT = 43; // number of neurons in the input layer NEURONS_HIDDEN = 60; // number of neurons in the hidden layer NEURONS_OUTPUT = 1; // number of neurons in the output layer NEURONS_TOTAL = NEURONS_INPUT+NEURONS_HIDDEN+NEURONS_OUTPUT; // total number of neurons in the network MAX_TIMESTEPS = 42; // maximum number of timesteps possible (after 42 moves: board is full) LEARNING_RATE_INPUT = 0.25; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN = 0.15; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training GAMMA = 0.9; LAMBDA = 0.7; // decay parameter for eligibility traces type TFeatureVector = Array[1..43] of SmallInt; // definition of the array type TFeatureVector TArtificialNeuralNetwork = class // definition of the class TArtificialNeuralNetwork private // GENERAL SETTINGS START learningMode: Boolean; // does the network learn and change its weights? // GENERAL SETTINGS END // NETWORK CONFIGURATION START neuronsInput: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Extended; // array of all input neurons (their values) for every timestep neuronsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of all hidden neurons (their values) neuronsOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of output neurons (their values) weightsInput: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of weights: input->hidden weightsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of weights: hidden->output // NETWORK CONFIGURATION END // LEARNING SETTINGS START outputBefore: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's output value in the last timestep (the one before) eligibilityTraceHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: hidden layer eligibilityTraceOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: output layer reward: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the reward value for all output neurons in every timestep tdError: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's error value for every single output neuron t: Byte; // current timestep cyclesTrained: Integer; // number of cycles trained so far (learning rates could be decreased accordingly) last50errors: Array[1..50] of Extended; // LEARNING SETTINGS END public constructor Create; // create the network object and do the initialization procedure UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the hidden and output layer procedure tdLearning; // learning algorithm: adjust the network's weights procedure ForwardPropagation; // propagate the input values through the network to the output layer function getRating(state: TFeatureVector; explorative: Boolean): Extended; // get the rating for a given state (feature vector) function HyperbolicTangent(x: Extended): Extended; // calculate the hyperbolic tangent [-1;1] procedure StartNewCycle; // start a new cycle with everything set to default except for the weights procedure setLearningMode(activated: Boolean=TRUE); // switch the learning mode on/off procedure setInputs(state: TFeatureVector); // transfer the given feature vector to the input layer (set input neurons' values) procedure setReward(currentReward: SmallInt); // set the reward for the current timestep (with learning then or without) procedure nextTimeStep; // increase timestep t function getCyclesTrained(): Integer; // get the number of cycles trained so far procedure Visualize(imgHidden: Pointer); // visualize the neural network's hidden layer end; implementation procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.UpdateEligibilityTraces; var i, j, k: Integer; begin // how worthy is a weight to be adjusted? for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*neuronsHidden[j]; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*weightsHidden[j][k]*neuronsHidden[j]*(1-neuronsHidden[j])*neuronsInput[t][i]; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setReward; VAR i: Integer; begin for i := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin // +1 = player A wins // 0 = draw // -1 = player B wins reward[t][i] := currentReward; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.tdLearning; var i, j, k: Integer; begin if learningMode then begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin if reward[t][k] = 0 then begin tdError[k] := GAMMA*neuronsOutput[k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value when reward is 0 end else begin tdError[k] := reward[t][k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value in the final state (reward received) end; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := weightsInput[i][j]+LEARNING_RATE_INPUT*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]; // adjust input->hidden weights according to TD-lambda end; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.ForwardPropagation; var i, j, k: Integer; begin for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden end; neuronsHidden[j] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsHidden[j]); // activation of hidden neuron j end; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsOutput[k] := neuronsOutput[k]+neuronsHidden[j]*weightsHidden[j][k]; // hidden -> output end; neuronsOutput[k] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsOutput[k]); // activation of output neuron k end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setLearningMode; begin learningMode := activated; end; constructor TArtificialNeuralNetwork.Create; var i, j, k: Integer; begin inherited Create; Randomize; // initialize random numbers generator learningMode := TRUE; cyclesTrained := -2; // only set to -2 because it will be increased twice in the beginning StartNewCycle; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; end; for i := 1 to 50 do begin last50errors[i] := 0; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.nextTimeStep; begin t := t+1; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.StartNewCycle; var i, j, k, m: Integer; begin t := 1; // start in timestep 1 cyclesTrained := cyclesTrained+1; // increase the number of cycles trained so far for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := 0; outputBefore[k] := 0; neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for m := 1 to MAX_TIMESTEPS do begin reward[m][k] := 0; end; end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := 0; end; end; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getCyclesTrained; begin result := cyclesTrained; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setInputs; var k: Integer; begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsInput[t][k] := state[k]; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getRating; begin setInputs(state); ForwardPropagation; result := neuronsOutput[1]; if not explorative then begin tdLearning; // adjust the weights according to TD-lambda ForwardPropagation; // calculate the network's output again outputBefore[1] := neuronsOutput[1]; // set outputBefore which will then be used in the next timestep UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the next timestep nextTimeStep; // go to the next timestep end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.HyperbolicTangent; begin if x > 5500 then // prevent overflow result := 1 else result := (Exp(2*x)-1)/(Exp(2*x)+1); end; end.

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    Hey, first off I point to the similar question. I spent more than an hour to set this up, but PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver still scans everything. I have one common.xml (that is imported from specific.xml) and a specific.xml bean definition file. The context is loaded from specific.xml. In common.xml there is this element: <context:component-scan base-package="cz.instance.transl"> <context:exclude-filter type="aspectj" expression="cz.instance.transl.model..* &amp;&amp; cz.instance.transl.service..* &amp;&amp; cz.instance.transl.hooks..*"/> </context:component-scan> Where classes in packages like cz.instance.transl.service.* should not be subject of scanning, but everything else in here cz.instance.transl.* should be scanned through. But PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver marks everything as matching resources. It is the same with regex. BTW: in xml style configuration, one can have many components that share a common.xml beans via "import resource" when loading context. How this is done when Annotation-based container configuration is used ?

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  • Can the Visual Studio (2010) Command Window handle "external tools" with project/solution relative p

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    I have been playing with the Command Window in Visual Studio (View-Other Windows-Command Window). It is great for several mouse-free scenarios. (The autocompleting file "Open" command rocks in a non-trivial solution.) That success got me thinking and experimenting: Possibility 1.1: You can use the Alias commands to create custom commands Possibility 1.2: You can use the Shell command to run arbitrary executables and specify parameters (and pipe the result to the output or command windows) Possibility 2: A previously setup external tool definition (with project-relative path variables) could be run from the command window What I am stuck on is: There doesn't appear to be a way to send parameters to an aliased command (and thus the underlying Shell call) There doesn't appear to be a way to use project/solution relative paths ($SolutionDir/$ProjectDir) on a Shell call Using absolute paths in Shell works, but is fragile and high-maintenance (one alias for each needed use case). Typically you want the command to run against a file relative to your project/solution. It seems you can't run the traditional external tools (Tools-External Tools...) in the command window Ultimately I want the external tool functionality in the command window in some way. Can anyone see a way to do this? Or am I barking up the wrong tree? So my questions: Can an "external tool" of some sort (using relative project/solution path parameters) be used in the Command Window? If yes, How? If no, what might be a suitable alternative?

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  • Load Empty Database table

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    I am using SQLexpress and VS2008. I have a DB with a table named "A", which has an IdentitySpecification column named ID. The ID is auto-incremented. Even if the row is deleted, the ID still increases. After several data manipulation, the current ID has reached 15, for example. When I run the application if there's at least 1 row: if I add a new row, the new ID is 16. Everything is fine. If the table is empty (no row): if I add a new row, the new ID is 0, which is an error (I think). And further data manipulation (eg. delete or update) will result in an unhandled exception. Has anyone encountered this? PS. In my table definition, the ID has been selected as follow: Identity Increment = 1; Identity Seed =1; The DB load code is: dataSet = gcnew DataSet(); dataAdapter->Fill(dataSet,"A"); dataTable=dataSet->Tables["A"]; dbConnection->Open(); The Update button method dataAdapter->Update(dataSet,"tblInFlow"); dataSet->AcceptChanges(); dataTable=dataSet->Tables["tblInFlow"]; dataGrid->DataSource=dataTable; If I press Update: if there's at least a row: the datagrid view updates and shows the table correctly. if there's nothing in the table (no data row), the Add method will add a new row, but from ID 0. If I close the program and restart it again: the ID would be 16, which is correct. This is the add method row=dataTable->NewRow(); row["column1"]="something"; dataTable->Rows->Add(row); dataAdapter->Update(dataSet,"A"); dataSet->AcceptChanges(); dataTable=dataSet->Tables["A"];

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  • HTML/CSS: Keep the same height between the backgrounds of a term-description pair in a table-like de

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    I want to format a definition list in HTML as if it were a table with th in a column and td in another, with a background that alternates per row (although a background for the dt and another for the dd also fits for the problem), so I have this CSS: dl { font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 0.6em; overflow: hidden; width: 200px;; } dl dt { font-weight: bold; float: left; clear: left; padding-right: 1%; width: 48%; } dl dt:nth-of-type(odd), dl dd:nth-of-type(odd) { background-color: #EEE; } dl dt:nth-of-type(even), dl dd:nth-of-type(even) { background-color: #DDD; } dl dd { float: left; width: 50%; padding-left: 1%; margin-left: 0; } Example HTML: <dl> <dt>Key 1</dt> <dd>Value 1</dd> <dt>Very very very long key 2 </dt> <dd>Value 2</dd> <dt>Key 3</dt> <dd>Value 3 with<br /> line breaks</dd> <dt>Key 4</dt> <dd>Value 4</dd> </dl> The problem is that, due to the eventual height dissimilarity, "holes" with no background appears in the list: Is there a way to fix that?

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  • Convert a binary tree to linked list, breadth first, constant storage/destructive

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    This is not homework, and I don't need to answer it, but now I have become obsessed :) The problem is: Design an algorithm to destructively flatten a binary tree to a linked list, breadth-first. Okay, easy enough. Just build a queue, and do what you have to. That was the warm-up. Now, implement it with constant storage (recursion, if you can figure out an answer using it, is logarithmic storage, not constant). I found a solution to this problem on the Internet about a year back, but now I've forgotten it, and I want to know :) The trick, as far as I remember, involved using the tree to implement the queue, taking advantage of the destructive nature of the algorithm. When you are linking the list, you are also pushing an item into the queue. Each time I try to solve this, I lose nodes (such as each time I link the next node/add to the queue), I require extra storage, or I can't figure out the convoluted method I need to get back to a node that has the pointer I need. Even the link to that original article/post would be useful to me :) Google is giving me no joy. Edit: Jérémie pointed out that there is a fairly simple (and well known answer) if you have a parent pointer. While I now think he is correct about the original solution containing a parent pointer, I really wanted to solve the problem without it :) The refined requirements use this definition for the node: struct tree_node { int value; tree_node* left; tree_node* right; };

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