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• When to define SDD operations System->Actor?

  - by devoured elysium

  I am having some trouble understanding how to make SDDs, as I don't fully grasp why in some cases one should define operations for System - Actor and in others don't. Here is an example: 1) The User tells the System that wants to buy some tickets, stating his client number. 2) The System confirms that the given client number is valid. 3) The User tells the System the movie that wants to see. 4) The System shows the set of available sessions and seats for that movie. 5) The System asks the user which session/seat he wants. 6) The user tells the System the chosen session/seat. This would be converted to: a) -----> tellClientNumber(clientNumber) b) <----- validClientNumber c) -----> tellMovieToSee(movie) d) <----- showsAvailableSeatsHours e) -----> tellSystemChosenSessionSeat(session, seat) I know that when we are dealing with SDD's we are still far away from coding. But I can't help trying to imagine how it how it would have been had I to convert it right away to code: I can understand 1) and 2). It's like if it was a C#/Java method with the following signature: boolean tellClientNumber(clientNumber) so I put both on the SDD. Then, we have the pair 3) 4). I can imagine that as something as: SomeDataStructureThatHoldsAvailableSessionsSeats tellSystemMovieToSee(movie) Now, the problem: From what I've come to understand, my lecturer says that we shouldn't make an operation on the SDD for 5) as we should only show operations from the Actor to the System and when the System is either presenting us data (as in c)) or validating sent data (such as in b)). I find this odd, as if I try to imagine this like a DOS app where you have to put your input sequencially, it makes sense to make an arrow even for 5). Why is this wrong? How should I try to visualize this? Thanks

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• Is Domain Anaemia appropriate in a Service Oriented Architecture?

  - by Stimul8d

  I want to be clear on this. When I say domain anaemia, I mean intentional domain anaemia, not accidental. In a world where most of our business logic is hidden away behind a bunch of services, is a full domain model really necessary? This is the question I've had to ask myself recently since working on a project where the "domain" model is in reality a persistence model; none of the domain objects contain any methods and this is a very intentional decision. Initially, I shuddered when I saw a library full of what are essentially type-safe data containers but after some thought it struck me that this particular system doesn't do much but basic CRUD operations, so maybe in this case this is a good choice. My problem I guess is that my experience so far has been very much focussed on a rich domain model so it threw me a little. The remainder of the domain logic is hidden away in a group of helpers, facades and factories which live in a separate assembly. I'm keen to hear what people's thoughts are on this. Obviously, the considerations for reuse of these classes are much simpler but is really that great a benefit?

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• What problem/s does a Rule Engine Algorithm solves?

  - by Itay Moav

  What problems does a Rule Engine Algorithm solve?

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• How can a language be interpreted by itself (like Rubinius)?

  - by japancheese

  I've been programming in Ruby for a while now with just the standard MRI implementation of Ruby, but I've always been curious about the other implementations I hear so much about. I was reading about Rubinius the other day, a Ruby interpreter written in Ruby. I tried looking it up in various places, but I was having a hard time figuring out exactly how something like this works. I've never had much experience in compilers or language writing but I'm really interested to figure it out. How exactly can a language be interpreted by itself? Is there a basic step in compiling that I don't understand where this makes sense? Can someone explain this to me like I'm an idiot (because that wouldn't be too far off base anyways)

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• Rails 3 HABTM Strange Association: Project and Employee in a tree.

  - by Mauricio

  Hi guys I have to adapt an existing model to a new relation. I have this: A Project has many Employees. the Employees of a Project are organized in some kind of hierarchy (nothing fancy, I resolved this adding a parent_id for each employee to build the 'tree') class Employee < AR:Base belongs_to :project belongs_to :parent, :class_name => 'Employee' has_many :childs, :class_name => 'Employee', :foreign_column => 'parent_id' end class Project < AR:Base has_many :employees, end That worked like a charm, now the new requirement is: The Employees can belong to many Projects at the same time, and the hierarchy will be different according to the project. So I though I will need a new table to build the HABTM, and a new class to access the parent_id to build the tree. Something like class ProjectEmployee < AR:Base belongs_to :project belongs_to :employee belongs_to :parent, :class_name => 'Employee' # <--- ?????? end class Project < AR:Base has_many :project_employee has_many :employees, :through => :project_employee end class Employee < AR:Base has_many :project_employee has_many :projects, :through => :project_employee end How can I access the parent and the childs of an employee for a given project? I need to add and remove childs as wish from the employees of a project. Thank you!

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• How to handle injecting dependencies into rich domain models?

  - by Arne

  In a web server project with a rich domain model (application logic is in the model, not in the services) how do you handle injecting the dependencies into the model objects? What are your experiences? Do you use some form of AOP? Like Springs @Configurable annotation? Load time or build time weawing? Problems you encountered? Do you use manual injection? Then how do you handle different instantiation scenarios (creating of the objects through an library [like Hibernate], creating objects with "new" ...)? Or do you use some other way of injecting the dependencies?

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• C++ error message output format

  - by sub

  If I want to trigger an error in my interpreter I call this function: Error( ErrorType type, ErrorSeverity severity, const char* msg, int line ); However, with that I can only output Name error: Undefined variable in line 1 instead of Name error: Undefined variable 'someVariableName' in line 1 I'm working entirely with strings (except for the error messages as they all are constant at the moment), so sprintf won't work. What is the best way to create an efficient error function that can output a constant message combined with a string that describes which object, e.g.: a non-existing variable, triggered the error?

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• Can I use the decorator pattern to wrap a method body?

  - by mgroves

  I have a bunch of methods with varying signatures. These methods interact with a fragile data connection, so we often use a helper class to perform retries/reconnects, etc. Like so: MyHelper.PerformCall( () => { doStuffWithData(parameters...) }); And this works fine, but it can make the code a little cluttery. What I would prefer to do is decorate the methods that interact with the data connection like so: [InteractsWithData] protected string doStuffWithData(parameters...) { // do stuff... } And then essentially, whenever doStuffWithData is called, the body of that method would be passed in as an Action to MyHelper.PerformCall(). How do I do this?

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• Sybase PowerDesigner Change Many (Find/Replace/Convert) Data Item's Data Types

  - by Andy

  Hello, I have a relatively large Conceptual Data Model in PowerDesigner. After generating a Physical Data Model and seeing the DBMS data types, I need to update all of data types(NUMBER/TEXT) for each data item. I'd like to either do a find/replace within the Conceptual Data Model or somehow map to different data types when creating the Physical Data Model. Ex. Change the auto conversion of Text - Clob, to Text - NVARCHAR(20). Thanks!

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• C#, Generic Lists and Inheritance

  - by Andy

  I have a class called Foo that defines a list of objects of type A: class Foo { List<A> Items = new List<A>(); } I have a class called Bar that can save and load lists of objects of type B: class Bar { void Save(List<B> ComplexItems); List<B> Load(); } B is a child of A. Foo, Bar, A and B are in a library and the user can create children of any of the classes. What I would like to do is something like the following: Foo MyFoo = new Foo(); Bar MyBar = new Bar(); MyFoo.Items = MyBar.Load(); MyBar.Save(MyFoo.Items); Obviously this won't work. Is there a clever way to do this that avoids creating intermediate lists? thanks, Andy

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• What pattern to use in this scenario?

  - by jess

  Hi, We have got many forms(windows app C#) in our application.We have similar steps in most of them - user adds a new object(in a grid),fills values and save.On,save,we validate,and save if everything ok,else show message.Now,adding of object usually means we add a new row with some default values.

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• suggestions on syntax to express mathematical formula concisely

  - by aaa

  hello. I am developing functional domain specific embedded language within C++ to translate formulas into working code as concisely and accurately as possible. I post prototype in the comment, it is about 2 hundred lines long. Right now my language looks something like this (well, actually is going to look like): // implies two nested loops j=0:N, i=0,j (range(i) < j < N)[T(i,j) = (T(i,j) - T(j,i))/e(i+j)]; // implies summation over above expression sum(range(i) < j < N))[(T(i,j) - T(j,i))/e(i+j)]; I am looking for possible syntax improvements/extensions or just different ideas about expressing mathematical formulas as clearly and precisely as possible (in any language, not just C++). Can you give me some syntax examples relating to my question which can be accomplished in your language of choice which consider useful. In particular, if you have some ideas about how to translate the above code segments, I would be happy to hear them. Thank you just to clarify and give actual formula, my short-term goal is to express the following expression concisely where values in <> are already computed as 4-dimensional array

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• Possible to add an EventListener to a function for Actionscript 3?

  - by Tom

  I'm trying to setup something like Aspect Oriented Programming in Actionscript 3, basically the only thing I need to be able to do is something like this: SomeClass.getMethod("methodName").addEventListener(afterMethodExecuted, function() { //run code }); This way I can run code after (or before) any method in any class has run, allowing numerous new possibilities. How should I implement this?

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• how to implement this observer pattern?

  - by lethal

  Hello. I have 4 classes, that describe state diagram. Node, Edge, ComponentOfNode, ComponentOfEdge. ComponentOfEdge compounds from ComponentsOfNode. Node can have 0..n outgoing edges. Edge can have only 2 nodes. Edge should be able to offer ComponentOfNode, but only from nodes that Edge has, in form ComponentOfEdge. The user can change ComponentsOfNode. I need this change spreads to all Edge. Hw to do it? I expect the observer should be used. Can you give me example in pseudocode please?

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• HTML columns or rows for form layout?

  - by Valera

  I'm building a bunch of forms that have labels and corresponding fields (input element or more complex elements). Labels go on the left, fields go on the right. Labels in a given form should all be a specific width so that the fields all line up vertically. There are two ways (maybe more?) of achieving this: Rows: Float each label and each field left. Put each label and field in a field-row div/container. Set label width to some specific number. With this approach labels on different forms will have different widths, because they'll depend on the width of the text in the longest label. Columns: Put all labels in one div/container that's floated left, put all fields in another floated left container with padding-left set. This way the labels and even the label container don't need to have their widths set, because the column layout and the padding-left will uniformly take care of vertically lining up all the fields. So approach #2 seems to be easier to implement (because the widths don't need to be set all the time), but I think it's also less object oriented, because a label and a field that goes with that label are not grouped together, as they are in approach #1. Also, if building forms dynamically, approach #2 doesn't work as well with functions like addRow(label, field), since it would have to know about the label and the field containers, instead of just creating/adding one field-row element. Which approach do you think is better? Is there another, better approach than these two?

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• C++ Iterator Pipelining Designs

  - by Kirakun

  Suppose we want to apply a series of transformations, int f1(int), int f2(int), int f3(int), to a list of objects. A naive way would be SourceContainer source; TempContainer1 temp1; transform(source.begin(), source.end(), back_inserter(temp1), f1); TempContainer2 temp2; transform(temp1.begin(), temp1.end(), back_inserter(temp2), f2); TargetContainer target; transform(temp2.begin(), temp2.end(), back_inserter(target), f3); This first solution is not optimal because of the extra space requirement with temp1 and temp2. So, let's get smarter with this: int f123(int n) { return f3(f2(f1(n))); } ... SourceContainer source; TargetContainer target; transform(source.begin(), source.end(), back_inserter(target), f123); This second solution is much better because not only the code is simpler but more importantly there is less space requirement without the intermediate calculations. However, the composition f123 must be determined at compile time and thus is fixed at run time. How would I try to do this efficiently if the composition is to be determined at run time? For example, if this code was in a RPC service and the actual composition--which can be any permutation of f1, f2, and f3--is based on arguments from the RPC call.

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• A cross-platform application WPF, ASP.NET, Silverlight, WP7, XAML

  - by J. Lennon

  Considering the fact that all applications will interact with the web project (which will use the cloud or web services).. Is there any way to share my class models between applications? If yes, what is the best way to do it? About sending / receiving data from the Webservice, serialize and deserialize, how can I do this in a simple way without having to manually populate the objects? Any information about this applications would be really helpful!

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• C++ Problem: Class Promotion using derived class

  - by Michael Fitzpatrick

  I have a class for Float32 that is derived from Float32_base class Float32_base { public: // Constructors Float32_base(float x) : value(x) {}; Float32_base(void) : value(0) {}; operator float32(void) {return value;}; Float32_base operator =(float x) {value = x; return *this;}; Float32_base operator +(float x) const { return value + x;}; protected: float value; } class Float32 : public Float32_base { public: float Tad() { return value + .01; } } int main() { Float32 x, y, z; x = 1; y = 2; // WILL NOT COMPILE! z = (x + y).Tad(); // COMPILES OK z = ((Float32)(x + y)).Tad(); } The issue is that the + operator returns a Float32_base and Tad() is not in that class. But 'x' and 'y' are Float32's. Is there a way that I can get the code in the first line to compile without having to resort to a typecast like I did on the next line?

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• Entities used to serialize data have changed. How can the serialized data be upgraded for the new entities?

  - by i8abug

  Hi, I have a bunch of simple entity instances that I have serialized to a file. In the future, I know that the structure of these entities (ie, maybe I will rename Name to Header or something). The thing is, I don't want to lose the data that I have saved in all these old files. What is the proper way to either load the data from the old entities into new entities upgrade the old files so that they can be used with new entities Note: I think I am stuck with binary serialization, not xml serialization. Thanks in advance! Edit: So I have an answer for the case I have described. I can use a dataContractSerializer and do something like [DataMember("bar")] private string foo; and change the name in the code and keep the same name that was used for serialization. But what about the following additional cases: The original entity has new members which can be serialized Some serialized members that were in the original entity are removed Some members have actually changed in function (suppose that the original class had a FirstName and LastName member and it has been refactored to have only a FullName member which combines the two) To handle these, I need some sort of interpreter/translator deserialization class but I have no idea what I should use

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• Would it be useful to change java to support both static and dynamic types?

  - by James A. N. Stauffer

  What if a Java allow both static and dynamic types. That might allow the best of both worlds. i.e.: String str = "Hello"; var temp = str; temp = 10; temp = temp * 5; Would that be possible? Would that be beneficial? Do any languages currently support both and how well does it work out? Here is a better example (generics can't be used but the program does know the type): var username = HttpServletRequest.getSession().getAttribute("username");//Returns a String if(username.length() == 0) { //Error }

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• Decorator that can take both init args and call args?

  - by digitala

  Is it possible to create a decorator which can be __init__'d with a set of arguments, then later have methods called with other arguments? For instance: from foo import MyDecorator bar = MyDecorator(debug=True) @bar.myfunc(a=100) def spam(): pass @bar.myotherfunc(x=False) def eggs(): pass If this is possible, can you provide a working example?

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• PHP: How do I access child properties from a method in a base object?

  - by Nick

  I'd like for all of my objects to be able to return a JSON string of themselves. So I created a base class for all of my objects to extend, with an AsJSON() method: class BaseObject { public function AsJSON() { $JSON=array(); foreach ($this as $key = $value) { if(is_null($value)) continue; $JSON[$key] = $value; } return json_encode($JSON); } } And then extend my child classes from that: class Package extends BaseObject { ... } So in my code, I expect to do this: $Box = new Package; $Box-SetID('123'); $Box-SetName('12x8x6'); $Box-SetBoxX('12'); $Box-SetBoxY('8'); $Box-SetBoxZ('6'); echo $Box-AsJSON(); But the JSON string it returns only contains the BaseClass's properties, not the child properties. How do I modify my AsJSON() function so that $this refers to the child's properties, not the parent's?

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• Does this copy the reference or the object?

  - by Water Cooler v2

  Sorry, I am being both thick and lazy, but mostly lazy. Actually, not even that. I am trying to save time so I can do more in less time as there's a lot to be done. Does this copy the reference or the actual object data? public class Foo { private NameValueCollection _nvc = null; public Foo( NameValueCollection nvc) { _nvc = nvc; } } public class Bar { public static void Main() { NameValueCollection toPass = new NameValueCollection(); new Foo( toPass ); // I believe this only copies the reference // so if I ever wanted to compare toPass and // Foo._nvc (assuming I got hold of the private // field using reflection), I would only have to // compare the references and wouldn't have to compare // each string (deep copy compare), right? } I think I know the answer for sure: it only copies the reference. But I am not even sure why I am asking this. I guess my only concern is, if, after instantiating Foo by calling its parameterized ctor with toPass, if I needed to make sure that the NVC I passed as toPass and the NVC private field _nvc had the exact same content, I would just need to compare their references, right?

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• Arrow in nav menus in CSS/JS (e.g. playframework.org)

  - by manmal

  The navigation menu at the top of the www.playframework.org site features a small arrow pointing upward for the currently selected section (Home, Learn, Download,...). I tried to get behind the implementation they used, but I can't wrap my head around it - the resource does not show up in Chrome's Resources window, and an inspection of the elements did not show any signs of a background image, nor a JS interceptor (although I might have missed that). What in hellhound's name is going on there? :)

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• what is "class A: public B < A >" this?

  - by Max

  What is the name of that kind of structure? Or where can I read about that. class A : public B < A { ... }

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