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• Which tool / technology: System management for databases and dependent services

  - by Filburt

  I'm looking for advice on how to enable our team to take down and re-start our company systems for maintainance purposes. The scenario includes several Oracle db machines several MS SQL Server machines with multiple instances windows services (IIS etc.) BizTalk EAI solution Apache and Tomcat instances lots of scheduled tasks on win2003 and win2008 machines (physical and virtual). The main focus is on capture all dependencies between said databases and services and tasks connecting to them. At the moment an enterprise class solution is not an option. We are considering developing a solution driven by PowerShell scripts but I hope for some more suggestions.

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• Is SYN flooding still a threat?

  - by Rob

  Well recently I've been reading about different Denial of Service methods. One method that kind of stuck out was SYN flooding. I'm a member of some not-so-nice forums, and someone was selling a python script that would DoS a server using SYN packets with a spoofed IP address. However, if you sent a SYN packet to a server, with a spoofed IP address, the target server would return the SYN/ACK packet to the host that was spoofed. In which case, wouldn't the spoofed host return an RST packet, thus negating the 75 second long-wait, and ultimately failing in its attempt to DoS the server?

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• Can I disable Pam Loginuid? Can I find out options used to configure kernel?

  - by dunxd

  I am getting a lot of the following types of error in my secure log on a CentOS 5.4 server: crond[10445]: pam_loginuid(crond:session): set_loginuid failed opening loginuid sshd[10473]: pam_loginuid(sshd:session): set_loginuid failed opening loginuid I've seen discussion of this being caused when using a non-standard kernel without the correct CONFIG_AUDIT and CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL options set. Where this is the case, it is advised to comment out some lines in the pam.d config files. I am running a Virtual Private Server where I need to use the kernel provided by the supplier. Is there a way to find out what options they used to configure the kernel? I want to verify if the above is the cause. If this turns out not to be the cause, what are the risk of disabling pam_loginuid for crond and sshd?

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• Our GoDaddy web server is drowning in temp files!!

  - by temp file guy

  We have a virtual dedicated server with a fairly large amount of traffic. We use GoDaddy using CPanel. We have 10GIG of space of which about 80% is not our content but logs and server utilities. Godaddy support is evasive and they are trying to encourage us to migrate to new service with 15GIG. Reviewing the large files we found the following: We have a ton old TMP files at this directory. /public_html/files/TMP/FILE_PERSISTANCE_PROVIDER: (no access) some large files in these directories. /usr/local/apache/logs/ - suphp_log (220M) - access_log (7M) - error_log (5M) /usr/local/apache/domlogs/ (no access) /usr/local/cpanel/ (no access) /usr/local/cpanel-rollback /tmp Questions: What can we safely delete or truncate? How can we change permissions on files with no access to delete? Is there utility to monitor and clean up temp files Other files/programs that we can delete? thanks!

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• ubuntu qcow2 image for local usage

  - by aisbaa

  I'm using kvm and I would like to run ubuntu server on it. My goal is to run db2 database instance for development. Is there ready to use ubuntu qcow2 images online for such purpose? Or should I install it from live cd? I've found this instruction UEC/Images, but at launch I get: $ kvm -fda ${floppy} -drive if=virtio,file=./disk.img -boot a ... Nothing to boot: No such file or directory (http://ipxe.org/...) No more network devices No bootable device. Solution: I havent found pre-installed ubuntu virtual machine image online, so solution is to install it by your self.

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• Only 192.168.0.3 can request most files, but anyone can request /public/file.html

  - by mattalexx

  I have the following virtual host on my development server: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName example.com DocumentRoot /srv/web/example.com/pub <Directory /srv/web/example.com/pub> Order Deny,Allow Deny from all Allow from 192.168.0.3 </Directory> </VirtualHost> The Allow from 192.168.0.3 part is to only allow requests from my workstation machine. I want to tweak this to allow anyone to request a certain URL: http://example.com/public/file.html How do I change this to allow /public/file.html requests to get through from anyone? Note: /public/file.html doesn't actually exist as a file on the server. I redirect all incoming requests through a single index file using mod_rewrite.

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• How do you manage updates without a staging environment: CentOS 6.3

  - by Gregg Leventhal

  I am managing about 20 servers, many of them virtual. They are almost all different purpose, and none are clustered. I have a distributed LAMP stack, a few application servers, some build servers, a few KVM hosts. They are CentOS 6.3 mostly with a few Ubuntu (unfortunately). I don't have the resources to setup a staging environment where I can have duplicates of my machines and test updates before rolling them out. I am taking file backups. What I want to know is how you are approaching backing up your Linux systems. I assume you don't just do yum update, but then how are you choosing the packages worthy of updating? When (if ever) are you updating the kernel, etc.. How do you test updates without a staging environment? Snapshot and hope for the best?

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• Active node stops resources when pasive node is shutdown

  - by Wakaru44

  2 nodes, active/pasive. 2 resources, a virtual ip, openLdap, and the nfs mount where openldap saves the data. When both nodes are up, things worked fine. You could move resources away and put the active in stanby. But when i rebooted the passive node, ( with the resources in the active node), and the passive node loses conectivity, all the resources in the active where stopped by pacemaker. I'm reading the documentation right now, but I just need a little quick tip to figure what could be hapenning here. Im using: corosync pacemaker RHEL 6

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• Is there anything that can be done to make X forwarding over LAN less painful?

  - by Earlz

  I have two *nix machines that I like to remotely do graphical things sometimes with. One of those machines is my Arch Linux media server, and another is my OpenBSD router/general server. My current task was installing a Windows XP over virtual box on my media server. I preferred to do the installation from my main workstation so that I could continue to watch TV from my media server on it's "actual" display. I soon noticed that X forwarding is quite painful though, even over low-latency LAN connections. Are there any settings I can tweak to make it a bit less painfully slow, jittery, and laggy? My LAN is rather small, 100Mbit, and ping times to the other box average at about 0.15ms. Also, I know Virtualbox has a VNC mode it can use instead of doing X forwarding, but this particular task was just an example

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• Deleting pagefile.sys on shutdown

  - by Daniel E. Shub

  I have a Windows XP machine (it is a VM running in Xen) that I would like to backup. I have enabled ClearPageFileAtShutdown by following MS KB 314834. If I cleanly shutdown the XP machine and then mount the drive in another machine (which is trivial since the machine is virtual) I still have a large pagefile.sys. I was hoping that enabling ClearPageFileAtShutdown would result in a pagefile.sys with a size near zero. I have two questions. First, is it possible to have pagefile.sys be deleted, or have a drastic size reduction, at shutdown? Second, can I exclude pagefile.sys from my backup?

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• What determines the time to first ping response in an OS?

  - by Stuart Woodward

  When a server (say Windows, Linux) is rebooted, it will take some time to respond to ping. I'm assuming that the software firewall has to be up before pings will be returned as there might be a setting to disable ping responses. Everyone knows that Windows and Linux have have totally different architectures so lets treat them separately. The answer I'm looking for is "After XXX is running, pings will be returned." It would be helpful to know where in the boot order this is too. i.e. at the start or end. I ask because we get questions from a customer about why it takes so long to respond to ping after creating a Virtual Machine. I'm sure this is just an artefact of the OS boot behaviour.

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• Why are there two types of Adobe Flash Player download / update?

  - by w3d

  Adobe Flash Player checks for updates at startup. If updates are required the Adobe dialog pops up with a [Download] button. Usually when I hit the [Download] button it downloads it straight away with a progress bar that zips across the dialog. I then get the option to install it. All good. However, sometimes when I hit the [Download] button it takes me to the website: https://get3.adobe.com/flashplayer/update/plugin/ Which presents me with an [Update now] button (and to install McAfee!). What is this for? Why didn't it download and install in the "usual" way? So, why are there apparently two different update methods for what appears to be the same thing? One is nice and swish and integrated into the updater, the other more long winded. In fact, I don't [Update now] when it takes me to the website, because I'm like "Hey, what's this?!"

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• How can one-handed work in Emacs be eased?

  - by N.N.

  My right hand is temporarily immobilized and I would like to do some minor work in Emacs, mostly in Org-mode, but also in AUCTeX. Are there ways to ease one-handed work in Emacs, such as some mode or particular work flow? For instance I noticed that for undoing it is easier to press C-x u than C-_ and that it is easier to mark text with methods involving C-Space than with combinations of S- and movement commands. I have found http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2391805/how-can-i-remain-productive-with-one-hand-completely-immobilized but that is not exactly what I am asking for. I want to ease whatever little time spent one-handed in Emacs (not in general) and this is also interesting for situations where there is no injury involved, such as when one hand is occupied. I do realize that I should avoid unnecessary strain. I am using GNU Emacs 23.3.1 in Ubuntu 11.04.

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• Mac OS X: pushing all traffic through a VMWare VM

  - by bj99

  I want to set up an Astaro (Sophos) UTM in a Virtual Machine. The Setup should be at the end the following: Cable Modem (one IP adress) | [Ethernet] Sophos UTM (running as VM [VMWare Fusion 5] on the MacMini) | [WIFI] Airport Express v2 (for sharing Local Network to wireless and wired clients) 1)| [WIFI] 2)| [Ethernet over Thunderbolt Ethernet Adapter]* Clients MacMini (Local File Server) *To have the Mini also protected behind the UTM So the setup process for the UTM works fine, but then the problems start: I just have one external IP (from my cable modem provider)== So if I put the VM in briged mode my Internet connection drops, because the MacMini also has its IP adress. If I put the VM to NAT mode the Mini itself is not protected by the UTM So: is there a way to hide the en0 interface(Ethernet) and the en1 interface (Wifi) from the MacMini, so that they not even appear in System Preferences Network section but are available to the VM? That way the Mini must connect to the en2 interface (Thunderbolt adapter) to make any Internet/LAN connection and I just use the given single IP from the Cable Modem. Thaks for any suggestions... Sebastian

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• How to write a ProxyPass rule to go from HTTPS to HTTP in IIRF

  - by Keith Nicholas

  I have a server which is running a web app that self serves HTTP. I'm wanting to use IIS6 (on the same server) to provide a HTTPS layer to this web app. From what I can tell doing a reverse proxy will allow me to do this. IIRF seems like the tool to do this job. There are no domain names involved.... its all ip numbers. So I think I want :- https:<ipnumber>:5001 to send all its requests to the same server but on a different port and use HTTP ( not exposed to the net ) http:<ipnumber>:5000 but not sure how to go about it with IIRF, I'm not entirely sure how to write the rules? I think I need to make a virtual web app on 5001 using HTTPS? then add a rules file.

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• Is there a faster way to deploy an OVA template?

  - by Luke

  I need to deploy vSphere Server Appliance 5.1. I have vSphere Client running locally and my internet upload is capped at 3 Mbps. It says it's going to take about 200 minutes to upload. When selecting a URL as opposed to a local file, does vSphere Client download it locally and then upload, or does it download the OVA directly to the server? My goal is to avoid waiting 3 1/2 hours for this to upload. If specifying a URL isn't any faster, are there any other methods that would allow me to deploy from the datacenter instead of my office? We don't have any Windows VM's installed on our cluster. So unfortunately I don't have a Windows machine with faster upload speed.

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• Script to set "Hide file extensions"

  - by Ickster

  I'm tired of the multi-step process to set my preferred folder options on every server to which I log on (Mostly Win2008, but also some 2012 and Win7 here and there). I'd love to be able to script the process, but unfortunately, I can't find any commands or extensions to do so for folder options. There are several settings I'd like to change, but in particular, I'd like to set "Hide file extensions for known file types" to false. I figure that if I can do that, I'll be able to manage any additional settings on my own. Methods that work on the vanilla command line would be preferred, but if there are commands in PowerShell, I'll use that.

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• Best practice for scaling a single application source to multiple nodes

  - by Andrew Waters

  I have an application which needs to scale horizontally to cover web and service nodes (at the moment they're all on one) but interact with the same set of databases and source files (both application code and custom assets). Database is no problem, it's handled already with replication in MongoDB. Also, the configuration of the servers are the same (100% linux). This question is literally about sharing a filesystem between machines so that its content is always correct, regardless of the node accessing it. My two thoughts have so far been NFS and SAN - SAN being prohibitively expensive and NFS seeing some performance issues on the second node with regards to glob()ing in PHP. Does anyone have recommended strategies or other techniques that don't involved sharding data across nodes or any potential gotchas in NFS that may cause slow disk seek times? To give you an idea of the scale, the main node initialises it's application modules in ~ 0.01 seconds. The secondary is taking ~2.2 seconds. They're VM's inside a local virtual network in ESXi and ping time between them is ~0.3ms

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• fail2ban on server with LXC Containers

  - by RoboTamer

  The issue is modprobe and iptables don't work inside an LXC Container. LXC is the userspace control package for Linux Containers, a lightweight virtual system mechanism sometimes described as “chroot on steroids”. iptables error inside the container is: # iptables -I INPUT -s 122.129.126.194 -j DROP > iptables v1.4.8: can't initialize iptables table `filter': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?) Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgraded. I am guessing that it can't work because the LXC containers share one kernel, the main server kernel. How do I do fail2ban in this case. modprobe and iptables work in the main server so I could install it there and link to the logfiles somehow, my guess? Any suggestions?

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• Postfix/dovecot remove LDAP user

  - by dove221

  I have to remove or blacklist an LDAP/dovecot user. The authentication is setup from active directory what I cannot manage so I thought there should be a way at least to disable this specific user on the mailserver locally. # Virtual Accoutns - LDAP - MS AD virtual_mailbox_maps = ldap:/etc/postfix/ldap_mailbox_maps.cf virtual_alias_maps = ldap:/etc/postfix/ldap_alias_maps_redirect_true.cf ldap:/etc/postfix/ldap_alias_maps_redirect_false.cf ldap:/etc/postfix/ldap_mailbox _groups.cf virtual_mailbox_domains = domain.com virtual_uid_maps = static:1000 virtual_gid_maps = static:1000 virtual_transport = dovecot dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1 Anybody knows how to do it? I followed this guide for disabling 1 user through postfixes access file: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-blacklist-reject-sender-email-address/ Unfortunately it doesn't work. It's like the settings stored in LDAP are overruling the access rule. Instead of postfix rejecting the mail it keeps accepting it. Thanks!

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• if there are multiple kernel module can drive the same device, what is the rule to choose from them?

  - by Dyno Fu

  both pcnet32 and vmxnet can drive the device. $ lspci -k ... 02:01.0 Ethernet controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE] (rev 10) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE] Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 19 I/O ports at 2000 [size=128] [virtual] Expansion ROM at dc400000 [disabled] [size=64K] Kernel driver in use: vmxnet Kernel modules: vmxnet, pcnet32 both kernel modules are loaded, $ lsmod | grep net pcnet32 32644 0 vmxnet 17696 0 mii 5212 1 pcnet32 as you see, kernel driver in use is vmxnet. is there any policy/algorithm in kernel how to choose from the candidates?

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• Mac OS X Server 10.6.6 "disables" CPU in VMware Fusion

  - by wjlafrance

  Hello! I installed Mac OS X Server 10.6.0 in VMWare Fusion the other night and it worked perfectly, until I ran Software Update. I upgraded to 10.6.6 through the combo updater, and now when I start the VM it says: "The CPU has been disabled by the guest operating system. You will need to power off or reset the virtual machine at this point." I've switched the operating system in the options to OS X Server 32bit, 64bit, and even to Windows 7, and nothing has worked. Does anyone have any ideas?

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• How can I set up VLANs in a way that won't put me at risk for VLAN hopping?

  - by hobodave

  We're planning to migrate our production network from a VLAN-less configuration to a tagged VLAN (802.1q) configuration. This diagram summarizes the planned configuration: One significant detail is that a large portion of these hosts will actually be VMs on a single bare-metal machine. In fact, the only physical machines will be DB01, DB02, the firewalls and the switches. All other machines will be virtualized on a single host. One concern that has been is that this approach is complicated (overcomplicated implied), and that the VLANs are only providing an illusion of security, because "VLAN hopping is easy". Is this a valid concern, given that multiple VLANs will be used for a single physical switch port due to virtualization? How would I setup my VLANs appropriately to prevent this risk? Also, I've heard that VMWare ESX has something called "virtual switches". Is this unique to the VMWare hypervisor? If not, is it available with KVM (my planned hypervisor of choice)?. How does that come into play?

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• How to resize root LVM partition in Fedora without LiveCD or Rebooting

  - by Cerin

  I have a virtual machine that recently had its disk image increased from 20GB to 50GB, and fdisk -l verifies that the VM can see this new size. Now I need to resize my root LVM partition to fill the extra 30GB. I've found several articles about resizing LVM, but the few that cover resizing the root partition all claim you need to boot from a LiveCD. Is there any way to do this without taking down the server? The server is critical, so I'd like to minimize downtime.

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• SQL Server 2008 Registration with Product Key

  - by Kanini

  A colleague of mine gave me the SQL Server 2008 Standard ISO image and I used that while building a Virtual Machine. Now, when I installed SQL Server with that above mentioned ISO, I did not give it a key and I chose Enterprise Evaluation. So, the instance has now been activated with 180-day expiration. I do have a valid MSDN Subscriber login but when I login and search for SQL Server 2008 it comes up with the download but says No Product Key is required. How do I now enter the product key?

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