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  • Ubuntu not installed-Please Remove installation media and close tray and press enter

    - by Ram
    I have downloaded Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS 32 bit, burned it on DVD and tried to install it on my PC. My PC is running in Windows 7 Ultimate 32 bit mounted on the C: drive. Now I want install Ubuntu along with my Windows 7. When I boot Ubuntu through the CD, It boots and the Ubuntu install windows opens It offers "Try Ubuntu" and "Install Ubuntu". I choose "Install Ubuntu" Then I go on to install Ubuntu with Windows(First Option)-install It shows some blank screen with some lines, and says "Please Remove installation media and close tray and press enter" Then the PC restarts and runs Windows 7 same as before normally. But Ubuntu is not installed. How to solve this problem and install Ubuntu on my PC properly? Note: I am an Android Developer. So I need to install Ubuntu for my Android Development purpose.

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  • Connect to SVN through Eclipse on Ubuntu

    - by Gene R
    We have a Subversion server running on an internal server. I'm trying to connect to it through SubClipse (Eclipse) on Ubuntu. When I enter the URL: svn://servername/site/trunk as I do from Windows. I get the following error: Error validating location: "org.tigris.subversion.javahl.ClientException: svn: Malformed network data" Anybody got any ideas?

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  • Where to find Ubuntu One logs

    - by Stéphane
    Ubuntu one does not synchronize files since I upgraded from 9.10 to 10.04. The preferences panel keeps showing "Synchronization in progress...", but files are not downloaded from the repository. It does not show any error message. Where do I find the programm logs, where I can investigate my problem?

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  • Restrict SSH user to connection from one machine

    - by Jonathan
    During set-up of a home server (running Kubuntu 10.04), I created an admin user for performing administrative tasks that may require an unmounted home. This user has a home directory on the root partition of the box. The machine has an internet-facing SSH server, and I have restricted the set of users that can connect via SSH, but I would like to restrict it further by making admin only accessible from my laptop (or perhaps only from the local 192.168.1.0/24 range). I currently have only an AllowGroups ssh-users with myself and admin as members of the ssh-users group. What I want is something that works like you may expect this setup to work (but it doesn't): $ groups jonathan ... ssh-users $ groups admin ... ssh-restricted-users $ cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config ... AllowGroups ssh-users [email protected].* ... Is there a way to do this? I have also tried this, but it did not work (admin could still log in remotely): AllowUsers [email protected].* * AllowGroups ssh-users with admin a member of ssh-users. I would also be fine with only allowing admin to log in with a key, and disallowing password logins, but I could find no general setting for sshd; there is a setting that requires root logins to use a key, but not for general users.

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  • Apache - how to serve from a directory inside home folder, whereas home folder doesn't has any publi

    - by Vikrant Chaudhary
    Hi, I'm using Apache2 for completely local development purposes. I'm trying to make DocumentRoot to be /home/vikrant/www/ whereas permissions of /home/vikrant/ are 700. I'm getting 403 Forbidden when DocumentRoot is /home/vikrant/www/ however It Works! when DocumentRoot is /var/www/. I've even changed permissions of /home/vikrant/www/ to 777 and changed owner and group to www-data. Is it possible to serve from home directory whereas home directory doesn't has public permissions? If yes, then how?

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  • How to mirror filesystems with millions of hardlinks?

    - by Thomas Berger
    We have one big problem at the moment: We need to mirror a filesystem for one of our customers. Thats usual not really a problem, but here it is: On this filesystem there is one folder with millions of hardlinks (yes! MILLIONS!). rsync requires more then 4 days to just build the filelist. We use the following rsync options: rsync -Havz --progress serverA:/data/cms /data/ Has anyone a idea how to speed up this rsync, or use alternatives? We could not use dd as the target disk is smaller then the source.

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  • How to make new file permission inherit from the parent directory?

    - by Wai Yip Tung
    I have a directory called data. Then I am running a script under the user id 'robot'. robot writes to the data directory and update files inside. The idea is data is open for both me and robot to update. So I setup the permission and owner group like this drwxrwxr-x 2 me robot-grp 4096 Jun 11 20:50 data where both me and robot belongs to the 'robot-grp'. I change the permission and the owner group recursively like the parent directory. I regularly upload new files into the data directory using rsync. Unfortunately, new files uploaded does not inherit the parent directory's permission as I hope. Instead it looks like this -rw-r--r-- 1 me users 6 Jun 11 20:50 new-file.txt When robot tries to update new-file.txt, it fails due to lack of file permission. I'm not sure if setting umask helps. In anycase the new files does not really follow it. $ umask -S u=rwx,g=rx,o=rx I'm often confounded by Unix file permission. Do I even have a right plan? I'm using Debian lenny.

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  • Is it possible to install all packages from an APT repository?

    - by Kristoffer Hagen
    Is it possible to install all packages from an APT repository? I know it is possible to do it manually, but then you would need to know all the package names, and I don't. Any suggestions? Thanks. Update: Well, you guys are going to kill me for this, but the reason for my madness is that I want to install all the packages from BackTrack into my Ubuntu installation. I really don't like the idea of having it in a VM and having a separate partition for it is even more out of the question. I know that the folks at BackTrack doesn't like it when people leech their repositories, but that's what you get for releasing open source software. Stupid? maybe.. A valid reason? probably not.. Do I still want it? Yes. Another edit: I have now given up on this as it seems impossible to get it to work even by manually installing packages.

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  • Problems connecting Centos on VMware player to the network using bridged connection.

    - by Sakin
    Hi, I installed CentOs on VMware Player 3.0.1 running on windows XP. When trying to configure it to connect to the internet in a bridged configuration, I get an error message when trying to bring up the network interface: [root@VMLinux ~]# /et/init.d/network start Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth0: Determining IP information for eth0... failed [FAILED] VM is running on a machine that has access to the network, I tried it on two different networks that have DHCP enabled. Everything works fine when using a NAT connection through my host. How can I make the bridge work for me? Thanks.

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  • Diagnosing high CPU waiting

    - by Will
    I have a monitoring server that is running icinga/collectd/graphite with about 50 hosts. I have noticed high load/slugging performance on the box. If you take a look at top, you'll see: Cpu(s): 0.6%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 7.6%id, 23.4%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st Notice the HUGE %wa value, which as far as I know means a network or disk bottleneck. ifconfig shows no dropping packets and there's not a ton of bandwidth going on, so that leaves disk issues, right? There's not a lot of disk writing going on either...iotop is reporting we're only writing a little over 1 MB per second and the RAID tool reports everything is A-OK and write caching is enabled. How do I go about trying to figure out how to fix this? UPDATE: iostat -x output is: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 0.62 0.10 0.31 9.65 0.00 89.31 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 0.21 33.34 83.55 16.54 1599.94 399.07 19.97 43.21 416.98 3.71 37.13

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  • IP address reuse on macvlan devices

    - by Alex Bubnoff
    I'm trying to create easy to use and possibly simple testing environment for some product and got some strange behaviour of macvlan's. What I'm trying to achieve: make a toolset for one-line start/stop of lxc containers(via docker) bound to external ip(I have enough of it on host machine). So, I'm doing something like this: docker run -d -name=container_name container_image pipework eth1 container_name ip/prefix_len@gateway and pipework here does this: GUEST_IFNAME=ph$NSPID$eth1 ip link add link eth1 dev $GUEST_IFNAME type macvlan mode bridge ip link set eth1 up ip link set $GUEST_IFNAME netns $NSPID ip netns exec $NSPID ip link set $GUEST_IFNAME name eth1 ip netns exec $NSPID ip addr add $IPADDR dev eth1 ip netns exec $NSPID ip route delete default ip netns exec $NSPID ip link set eth1 up ip netns exec $NSPID ip route replace default via $GATEWAY ip netns exec $NSPID arping -c 1 -A -I eth1 $IPADDR And it works for first time per IP. But for second time and later packets for containers IP isn't getting into container, while all configuration seem fine. So it looks like this: External machine ? ping 212.76.131.212 ....silence.... Host machine root@ubuntu:~# ip link show eth1 2: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:15:17:c9:e1:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip addr show eth1 2: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:15:17:c9:e1:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# tcpdump -v -i eth1 icmp tcpdump: WARNING: eth1: no IPv4 address assigned tcpdump: listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 00:00:46.542042 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9623, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2345, length 64 00:00:47.549969 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9624, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2346, length 64 00:00:48.558143 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9625, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2347, length 64 00:00:49.566319 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9626, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2348, length 64 00:00:50.573999 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9627, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2349, length 64 ^C 5 packets captured 5 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel 1 packet dropped by interface Host machine, netns of container root@ubuntu:~# ip netns exec 32053 ip link show eth1 48: eth1@if2: mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/ether b2:12:f7:cc:a1:9d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip netns exec 32053 ip addr show eth1 48: eth1@if2: mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/ether b2:12:f7:cc:a1:9d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 212.76.131.212/29 scope global eth1 inet6 fe80::b012:f7ff:fecc:a19d/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@ubuntu:~# ip netns exec 32053 tcpdump -v -i eth1 icmp tcpdump: listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes ....silence.... ^C 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel So, can anyone say, what can it be? Can this be caused by not a bug in macvlan implementation? Is there any tools I can use to debug that configuration?

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  • How can I sign my server with an SSL certificate

    - by Saif Bechan
    I have a dedicated server and I want to use one domain name for default entrance to the system. My system is Apache 2 on CentOS 5.4. Lets says the domain name is mydomain.com. I have also bought an SSL certificate and installed it to work with this default domain. Still when I restart Apache I get the following error message: [Sat May 01 02:21:22 2010] [warn] RSA server certificate is a CA certificate (BasicConstraints: CA == TRUE !?) [Sat May 01 02:21:22 2010] [warn] RSA server certificate CommonName (CN) `mydomain.com' does NOT match server name!? Does anyone have an idea how I can remove this message. I have the server, domain name, and ssl key.

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  • How to create an EFI System Partition?

    - by Alex Popov
    TL; DR How do I create an EFI system partition from scratch? How do I put the EFI firmware on it onces it is created? Long version I hava Toshiba T430 laptop. I received it with Windows 7 installed (but I think originally it has shipped with Windows 8). I installed Ubuntu on it, but deleted some partitions on the disk so that I ended up wiping out the Windows and only having Ubuntu. Among the deleted partitions was the EFI System partition. I discovered that Ubuntu now boots in Legacy mode (and not UEFI). I am trying to follow this guide on converting my Ubuntu installation from Legacy to UEFI. The problem - since there is no EFI partition whenever I choose from BIOS to boot using UEFI I cannot boot. That counts not only for the harddrive, but usb and DVD as well. I think this is logical - it expects an EFI partition and since it can't find it, it cannot continue booting futher, be it from HDD or DVD. So how do I recreate the EFI partition? The guide above says: Creating an EFI partition If you are manually partitioning your disk in the Ubuntu installer, you need to make sure you have an EFI partition set up. If your disk already contains an EFI partition (eg if your computer had Windows8 preinstalled), it can be used for Ubuntu too. Do not format it. It is strongly recommended to have only 1 EFI partition per disk. An EFI partition can be created via a recent version of GParted (the Gparted version included in the 12.04 disk is OK), and must have the following attributes: Mount point: /boot/efi (remark: no need to set this mount point when using the manual partitioning, the Ubuntu installer will detect it automatically) Size: minimum 100Mib. 200MiB recommended. Type: FAT32 Other: needs a "boot" flag. I had some trouble creating this partition: I boot from a live Ubuntu DVD, open GParted, create a 200MB partition and format it to FAT32. In GParted I cannot set the mount point and thus cannot set the bootflag. I didn't set the mount point in /etc/fstab since it's a live CD and fstab looked quite differently from what I expected compared to a normal boot. Anyway, I just didn't know what values to set. I booted again via the live DVD and then chose to install Ubuntu. I then created a partition with the mentioned criteria - mount point, 200MB, FAT32, boot flag. However, I continue to have this problem and I suppose it's because on that partition there is no EFI firmware, it's just an empty partition, which is suitable to have EFI firmware. So again, how do I create an EFI partition, which has the EFI software, so that the laptop can once again boot in UEFI mode?

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  • Use inotifywait and lftp to synchronize servers

    - by KBoek
    I have two servers: Server A (CentOS), where people can upload files to (upload root is /files) Server B (Win 2008), with FileZilla FTP Server (FTP root is C:\content) I want that whenever a file is uploaded to Server A, to any subfolder under /files, the file is automatically copied to the exact same subfolder on Server B. Thus, if a user uploads "flowers.jpg" to /files/photos/12345/ then the file must be copied over FTP to C:\content\photos\12345 So far I have this bash script, it does copy the files to server B, but all files are placed in C:\content, and not in the corresponding subfolders. Who can help me find the correct syntax? #!/bin/bash cd /files inotifywait -q -r -m -e close_write,moved_to . --format %w%f | while read FILE; do lftp -e "put $FILE; exit" -u user,password -p 2121 ftp.server-a.com done

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  • xorg DPMS off: keep VT from turning screen back on

    - by Metiu
    I have an embedded board with a small UPS. When AC power goes down, I need to turn off all power hungry devices in order to have a clean shutdown. First thing I do, is set DPMS to force powerdown, then go through the usual SIGTERM/SIGKILL/umount sequence. I have an Intel i915 Display adapter connected to an LVDS LCD panel. Unfortunately, when Xorg dies, Xserver or the VT code turn the LCD panel back on. I even tried working around it by directly poking the panel enable register in the Display chip, so that X doesn't know about it, but the panel goes back on when the VT comes back. Is there any "legal" way of keeping the display off? Thank you

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  • Configuration Help for Sendmail Required

    - by Vinayak Mahadevan
    Hi I need some help with respect to sendmail configuration. The basic problem is that I have some employees working from other places and they need access to their mail. So what I have done right now is whatever mails which are meant for them which are generated from within the company and collected by my internal mail server is bounced to an external mail server from where the employees access it. This is done through a email id on a different domain. This was working fine till I restricted the external mailing access for certain users using rulesets in sendmail.cf. Once I had put that in place only people who had external mailing rights could send mails to people outside the office. What I would like to know is that is there anyway where I can expose sendmail on two different ips and thereby configure everybody's email id to point to the same internal mail server using 2 different ips. one ip when inside the company and one ip outside the company. Is it possible that I have one static ip configured for both internal access and external access or is there any otherway it can be done with sendmail. Can anybody help me Sorry for the long post Regards Vinayak

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  • Rsync backup - detect new directory and backup only from that directory

    - by Pracovek
    New cpanel daily backup is creating separate directories for daily backup. This creates problem when I try to user rsync to do an offsite backup since I would like to rsync only latest data. E.g. On backup server I have directory "backup" and on server, from which we are pulling backups I get directories 2013-11-07, 2013-11-08 etc in backup directory. If I backup /backup directory on the server it will use allot more space so I would like to backup only latest directory in backup directory, eg 2013-11-08. Is there a way to detect latest directory in backup directory and pass that directory name to rsync for backup ?

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  • Postfix multiple checks

    - by xBlue
    I want to achieve the following with Postfix: Run all emails through a black list Allow any clients sending to a list of domains Allow some clients sending to any domain This is what I have: (postfix is on 10.0.8.0 and some of the senders are 10.0.8.0 and 10.0.9.0) mynetworks_style = subnet smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_access sqlite:/etc/postfix/access-bl.query, check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/trusted_clients, check_recipie nt_access hash:/etc/postfix/local_domains, reject_unauth_destination, permit So, right now the black list works. File /etc/postfix/trusted_clients contains who can send anywhere (3), file /etc/postfix/local_domains contains where you can send (2). Those two are fine, they return properly. My problem is getting all three working together. Not sure if it's an ordering issue. Currently sending a test from 10.0.9.17 and I get Relay access denied. If I add: mynetworks = 10.0.8.0/24 10.0.9.0/24 then anyone can send anywhere, so #2 is not working. Postfix version is 2.10 on Ubuntu 14.04. Any ideas?

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  • Force logout a user

    - by Mithun
    I When I logged into the machine as root and typed who to see which users are logged in, I found somebody else too logged in as root devuser pts/0 2011-11-18 09:55 (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) root pts/1 2011-11-18 09:56 (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) testuser pts/2 2011-11-18 14:54 (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) root pts/3 2011-11-18 14:55 (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) How can I force a root user at pts/3 to logout?

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  • Surprising corruption and never-ending fsck after resizing a filesystem.

    - by Steve Kemp
    System in question has Debian Lenny installed, running a 2.65.27.38 kernel. System has 16Gb memory, and 8x1Tb drives running behind a 3Ware RAID card. The storage is managed via LVM. Short version: Running a KVM guest which had 1.7Tb storage allocated to it. The guest was reaching a full-disk. So we decided to resize the disk that it was running upon We're pretty familiar with LVM, and KVM, so we figured this would be a painless operation: Stop the KVM guest. Extend the size of the LVM partition: "lvextend -L+500Gb ..." Check the filesystem : "e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/..." Resize the filesystem: "resize2fs /dev/mapper/" Start the guest. The guest booted successfully, and running "df" showed the extra space, however a short time later the system decided to remount the filesystem read-only, without any explicit indication of error. Being paranoid we shut the guest down and ran the filesystem check again, given the new size of the filesystem we expected this to take a while, however it has now been running for 24 hours and there is no indication of how long it will take. Using strace I can see the fsck is "doing stuff", similarly running "vmstat 1" I can see that there are a lot of block input/output operations occurring. So now my question is threefold: Has anybody come across a similar situation? Generally we've done this kind of resize in the past with zero issues. What is the most likely cause? (3Ware card shows the RAID arrays of the backing stores as being A-OK, the host system hasn't rebooted and nothing in dmesg looks important/unusual) Ignoring brtfs + ext3 (not mature enough to trust) should we make our larger partitions in a different filesystem in the future to avoid either this corruption (whatever the cause) or reduce the fsck time? xfs seems like the obvious candidate?

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  • opennms postgres connection slow

    - by krisdigitx
    i am running the opennms application server on a physical server and the database on an ESXi VM. Recently the opennms webconsole has been very slow to load as such i deleted most of the events from the database table, now both servers have no load at all, and the psql connection from the application server to the database server is also very fast, but somehow opennms webconsole is still slow. this is the strace from the opennms process id: 18629 futex(0x2aaac77d8a84, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 453, NULL <unfinished ...> 3015 futex(0x2aaabc4a2ee4, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 323, NULL <unfinished ...> 10863 futex(0x2aaabbebaa94, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 395, NULL <unfinished ...> 25260 <... futex resumed> ) = -1 ETIMEDOUT (Connection timed out) 10859 <... futex resumed> ) = -1 ETIMEDOUT (Connection timed out) 10982 <... futex resumed> ) = -1 ETIMEDOUT (Connection timed out) 3011 <... futex resumed> ) = -1 ETIMEDOUT (Connection timed out) 25260 futex(0x2aaae098fc28, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1 <unfinished ...> 10982 futex(0x2aaac0eaf928, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1 <unfinished ...> 3011 futex(0x2aaab0cb1728, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1 <unfinished ...> 10859 futex(0x2aaac062c328, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1 <unfinished ...> 25260 <... futex resumed> ) = 0 10982 <... futex resumed> ) = 0 3011 <... futex resumed> ) = 0 10859 <... futex resumed> ) = 0 25260 futex(0x2aaabc38b6b4, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 443, NULL <unfinished ...> 10982 futex(0x2aaabc5d7b94, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 99, NULL <unfinished ...> 3011 futex(0x2aaac7c55334, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 183, NULL <unfinished ...> 10859 futex(0x2aaabbb8c9d4, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 347, NULL <unfinished ...> 10846 <... futex resumed> ) = -1 ETIMEDOUT (Connection timed out) 10846 futex(0x2aaae9022428, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1) = 0 10846 futex(0x2aaabe0030b4, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 251, NULL <unfinished ...> 20281 <... futex resumed> ) = -1 ETIMEDOUT (Connection timed out) 14100 <... futex resumed> ) = -1 ETIMEDOUT (Connection timed out) 2925 <... futex resumed> ) = -1 ETIMEDOUT (Connection timed out) 10843 <... futex resumed> ) = -1 ETIMEDOUT (Connection timed out) 20281 futex(0x2aaac7e93628, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1 <unfinished ...> 14100 futex(0x2aaac04e8c28, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1 <unfinished ...> 2925 futex(0x2aaaec085528, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1 <unfinished ...> 10843 futex(0x2aaab20b0528, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1 <unfinished ...> and shows lots of connection timeout??? i think its the connection between the java application and database which is causing issues. any ideas how to troubleshoot this???

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  • Optimal file system type and mount options for an rsnapshot dedicated drive

    - by Nimmy Lebby
    We have an external USB 2 drive that we are using as a backup drive for our configuration. We use rsnapshot for the backups. It uses a few standard commands for managing snapshots: rm -rf: deletes expired snapshots mv: moves older snapshots down a slot cp -al: duplicates last snapshot to new slot rsync -a --delete --numeric-ids --relative: synchronizes new snapshot As you could see by the log below, the majority of the time is spent on the rm -rf and the cp -al steps: [25/Dec/2010:14:00:02] rsnapshot hourly: started [25/Dec/2010:14:00:02] echo 21012 > /var/run/rsnapshot.pid [25/Dec/2010:14:00:02] rm -rf /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.5/ [25/Dec/2010:14:15:48] mv /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.4/ /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.5/ [25/Dec/2010:14:15:48] mv /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.3/ /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.4/ [25/Dec/2010:14:15:48] mv /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.2/ /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.3/ [25/Dec/2010:14:15:48] mv /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.1/ /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.2/ [25/Dec/2010:14:15:48] cp -al /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.0 /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.1 [25/Dec/2010:14:23:32] rsync -a --delete --numeric-ids --relative /etc /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.0/sm4/ [25/Dec/2010:14:23:52] touch /mnt/extdrive/snapshots/hourly.0/ [25/Dec/2010:14:23:52] rm -f /var/run/rsnapshot.pid [25/Dec/2010:14:23:52] rsnapshot hourly: completed successfully My questions: I'm currently using ext4 for the filesystem. Maybe this is not the best choice from those available in Red Hat. Anyone have any recommendations that would speed up the process? The partition's mount options are sync,dirsync 1 2. Is there a way to optimize this since it's solely used for rsnapshot? Of course, reasoning would be greatly appreciated.

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  • sudoer scheme for another web developer that retains my future control of a virtual server?

    - by Tchalvak
    Background: Virtual Private Server I have a virtual private server that I'm looking to host multiple websites on, and provide access to another web developer. I don't care about putting too many constraints on him, though I wouldn't mind isolating the site that he'll be developing from other sites on the server that I will develop. The problem: retain control Mainly what I want is to make sure that I retain control over the server in the future. I want to reserve the ability to create/promote/demote and other administrative functions that don't deal with web software. If I make him an admin, he can sudo su - and become root and remove root control from me, for example. I need him not to be able to: take away other admin permissions change the root password have control over other security/administrative functions I would like him to still be able to: install software (through apt-get) restart apache access mysql configure mysql/apache reboot edit web development configuration type files in /etc/ Other Standard Setups would be happily considered I've never really set up a good sudoers file, so simple example setups would be very useful, even if they're only somewhat similar to the settings that I'm hoping for above. Edit: I have not yet finalized permissions, standard, useful sudo setups are certainly an option, the lists above are more what I'm hoping I can do, I don't know that that setup can be done.

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  • Can someone explain the "use-cases" for the default munin graphs?

    - by exhuma
    When installing munin, it activates a default set of plugins (at least on ubuntu). Alternatively, you can simply run munin-node-configure to figure out which plugins are supported on your system. Most of these plugins plot straight-forward data. My question is not to explain the nature of the data (well... maybe for some) but what is it that you look for in these graphs? It is easy to install munin and see fancy graphs. But having the graphs and not being able to "read" them renders them totally useless. I am going to list standard plugins which are enabled by default on my system. So it's going to be a long list. For completeness, I am also going to list plugins which I think to understand and give a short explanation as to what I think it's used for. Pleas correct if I am wrong with any of them. So let me split this questions in three parts: Plugins where I don't even understand the data Plugins where I understand the data but don't know what I should look out for Plugins which I think to understand Plugins where I don't even understand the data These may contain questions that are not necessarily aimed at munin alone. Not understanding the data usually mean a gap in fundamental knowledge on operating systems/hardware.... ;) Feel free to respond with a "giyf" answer. These are plugins where I can only guess what's going on... I hardly want to look at these "guessing"... Disk IOs per device (IOs/second)What's an IO. I know it stands for input/output. But that's as far as it goes. Disk latency per device (Average IO wait)Not a clue what an "IO wait" is... IO Service TimeThis one is a huge mess, and it's near impossible to see something in the graph at all. Plugins where I understand the data but don't know what I should look out for IOStat (blocks/second read/written)I assume, the thing to look out for in here are spikes? Which would mean that the device is in heavy use? Available entropy (bytes)I assume that this is important for random number generation? Why would I graph this? So far the value has always been near constant. VMStat (running/I/O sleep processes)What's the difference between this one and the "processes" graph? Both show running/sleeping processes, whereas the "Processes" graph seems to have more details. Disk throughput per device (bytes/second read/written) What's thedifference between this one and the "IOStat" graph? inode table usageWhat should I look for in this graph? Plugins which I think to understand I'll be guessing some things here... correct me if I am wrong. Disk usage in percent (percent)How much disk space is used/remaining. As this is approaching 100%, you should consider cleaning up or extend the partition. This is extremely important for the root partition. Firewall Throughput (packets/second)The number of packets passing through the firewall. If this is spiking for a longer period of time, it could be a sign of a DOS attack (or we are simply recieving a large file). It can also give you an idea about your firewall performance. If it's levelling out and you need more "power" you should consider load balancing. If it's levelling out and see a correlation with your CPU load, it could also mean that your hardware is not fast enough. Correlations with disk usage could point to excessive LOG targets in you FW config. eth0 errors (packets in/out)Network errors. If this value is increasing, it could be a sign of faulty hardware. eth0 traffic (bits/second in/out)Raw network traffic. This should correlate with Firewall throughput. number of threadsAn ever-increasing value might point to a process not properly closing threads. Investigate! processesBreakdown of active processes (including sleeping). A quick spike in here might point to a fork-bomb. A slowly, but ever-increasing value might point to an application spawning sub-processes but not properly closing them. Investigate using ps faux. process priorityThis shows the distribution of process priorities. Having only high-priority processes is not of much use. Consider de-prioritizing some. cpu usageFairly straight-forward. If this is spiking, you may have an attack going on, or a process is hogging the CPU. Idf it's slowly increasing and approaching max in normal operations, you should consider upgrading your hardware (or load-balancing). file table usageNumber of actively open files. If this is reaching max, you may have a process opening, but not properly releasing files. load averageShows an summarized value for the system load. Should correlate with CPU usage. Increasing values can come from a number of sources. Look for correlations with other graphs. memory usageA graphical representation of you memory. As long as you have a lot of unused+cache+buffers you are fine. swap in/outShows the activity on your swap partition. This should always be 0. If you see activity on this, you should add more memory to your machine!

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