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• How do you manage large web farms?

  - by Andrew Katz

  I have a quickly growing web farm running IIS 7 (30+ servers). All servers are identical copies of each other and all servers are physical. We update the software about once a month, and in the current process, we follow the following steps: Disable server from pool on F5 load balancer. Disable HTTP Keep-alives in IIS so connections drop quickly. Change default directory of website to new folder containing new binaries. Test server Enable HTTP Keep-alives. Enable server in F5 pool. Move to server 2 Microsoft used to have Application Center which was abandoned a while ago. They have made a second attempt with the Web Farm Framework, but this adds as much QA time testing the release package as it saves in the deployment. Has anyone seen a commercial off the shelf application that is tailored for managing and deploying to large web farms? Thanks!

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• Can't escape single quotes in shell

  - by user13743

  I'm trying to make a command to do a perl substitution on a batch of php files in a directory. The string I want to replace has single quotes in it, and I can't get it to properly escape the in shell. I tried echoing the string with unescaped quotes, to see what perl would be getting: echo 's/require_once('include.constants.php');/require_once('include.constants.php');require_once("./functions/include.session.inc.php");/g' and it doesn't have the single-quotes in the result: s/require_once\(include.constants.php\);/require_once\(include.constants.php\);require_once\("\./functions/include\.session\.inc\.php"\);/g However, when I try to escape the single quotes: echo 's/require_once\(\'include\.constants\.php\'\);/require_once\(\'include\.constants\.php\'\);require_once\("\./functions/include\.session\.inc\.php"\);/g' I get the prompt to complete the command: > What I want it to parse to is this: What am I doing wrong? s/require_once\('include.constants.php'\);/require_once\('include.constants.php'\);require_once\("\./functions/include\.session\.inc\.php"\);/g

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• How to re-install IIS with factory settings?

  - by Palash Mondal

  I had made some changes in IIS 7.5 on Win 7 and after that it has been not working correctly. The website are not opening and they are giving errors. I already tried installing/re-installing IIS using "Turn Windows features on or off" but it didn't help. I also tried to replace "ApplicationHost.Config" file inside "C:\Windows\System32\inetsrv\config" with the backup file in "%systemdrive%\inetpub\history" directory but this also didn't help. I want to have the IIS with default factory settings. Thanks!

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• Installing Oracle Client 11.1.0.7 on Windows Server 2008 64-bit. What does "Install Location" and "S

  - by Anders

  I am trying to install Oracle Client 11.1.0.7 on a Windows Server 2008 64-bit. To some this might not be rocket science but I can't understand what the options under the install screen "Specify Home Details" mean. The defaults given suggest that I use Oracle Base and install software under my own account name. It also suggests that each user should have a separate Oracle Base. This seems counter intuitive to me. I am doing a server install after all. All I want to use the installation for is to connect to an Oracle Database from Reporting Services. Can I safely ignore this and just accept the defaults? What are the implications if I change the location to a common directory?

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• What's the best way to monitor a large number of application pools in IIS7?

  - by Kev

  Some background first - We're running IIS 7 on Windows 2008. We're running around 250 websites per server with each site in it's own application pool. I need a way to monitor each application pool for crashes and hangs and to send an email alert if an application pool is unresponsive for more than say 2 minutes. I thought about having a virtual directory mapped into each site with an ASP.NET page that we could poll via our existing monitoring system (HostMonitor). Does anyone else have experience in this area?

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• Setting up Cluster Configuration using an existing web server as a Primary Node?

  - by RapidWebs

  Thanks in advance for any help which is issued! I am having a slight issue, and need help with the decision making process when it comes to setting up my Cluster Configuration, consisting on a line of Ubuntu Servers (12.04). We currently have a Primary node, which resides in the US within a Datacenter, but we are going to be using this for all serious bandwidth and resource intensive websites, and through a configuration of Virtualmin + Webmin, will be setup as a sort of pseudo-cluster, using Virtualmins Cluster Modules. Anyways, on to the issue: We also have a business line setup locally, with three servers. here are their specs: Intel P4 2.4 ghz, 1GB Ram, 110 gb sata, Ubuntu 12.04* AMD 1.3 ghz, 512MB Ram, 20 GB IDE P3 Xeon 800mhz (dual physical processors), 1GB Ram, 3 * 25 GB Raid Configuration (one in use for host operating system). The first machine is currently IN USE and is serving virtual hosts off a sub-domain. My question is this: How can I integrate the Secondary node (which will be the Primary node per say, in this smaller configuration...) which is currently in use, into the cluster configuration w/ the other two servers for: Sharing Resources Redundancy (HA?) NFS /w the two Raid Disks without having the FORMAT the secondary node, and start fresh moving all my services in to a DRBD network drive or something similar, and than restoring all active virtualmin's Virtual hosts. the idea is that I want minimal downtime to people currently being served from server2.mywebsite.com, and from what I understand, all services need to be on a NFS so that they can be mounted on demand and accessed from the other machine taking over (i.e. Heartbeat + DRBD Config.) but my issue is that i already have all these services installed to their default directory structure: how can i most easily setup this NFS and HA system, move all my desires services to this new drive, and do it with minimal down time, and without breaking Virtualmin and everything else on my server? even just some pointers, a thread i could read, or a step by step check list or run down of commands i could issue to get started would be great! thanks!

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• Oracle Linux Tips and Tricks: Using SSH

  - by Robert Chase

  Out of all of the utilities available to systems administrators ssh is probably the most useful of them all. Not only does it allow you to log into systems securely, but it can also be used to copy files, tunnel IP traffic and run remote commands on distant servers. It’s truly the Swiss army knife of systems administration. Secure Shell, also known as ssh, was developed in 1995 by Tau Ylonen after the University of Technology in Finland suffered a password sniffing attack. Back then it was common to use tools like rcp, rsh, ftp and telnet to connect to systems and move files across the network. The main problem with these tools is they provide no security and transmitted data in plain text including sensitive login credentials. SSH provides this security by encrypting all traffic transmitted over the wire to protect from password sniffing attacks. One of the more common use cases involving SSH is found when using scp. Secure Copy (scp) transmits data between hosts using SSH and allows you to easily copy all types of files. The syntax for the scp command is: scp /pathlocal/filenamelocal remoteuser@remotehost:/pathremote/filenameremote In the following simple example, I move a file named myfile from the system test1 to the system test2. I am prompted to provide valid user credentials for the remote host before the transfer will proceed.  If I were only using ftp, this information would be unencrypted as it went across the wire.  However, because scp uses SSH, my user credentials and the file and its contents are confidential and remain secure throughout the transfer.  [user1@test1 ~]# scp /home/user1/myfile user1@test2:/home/user1user1@test2's password: myfile                                    100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00 You can also use ssh to send network traffic and utilize the encryption built into ssh to protect traffic over the wire. This is known as an ssh tunnel. In order to utilize this feature, the server that you intend to connect to (the remote system) must have TCP forwarding enabled within the sshd configuraton. To enable TCP forwarding on the remote system, make sure AllowTCPForwarding is set to yes and enabled in the /etc/ssh/sshd_conf file: AllowTcpForwarding yes Once you have this configured, you can connect to the server and setup a local port which you can direct traffic to that will go over the secure tunnel. The following command will setup a tunnel on port 8989 on your local system. You can then redirect a web browser to use this local port, allowing the traffic to go through the encrypted tunnel to the remote system. It is important to select a local port that is not being used by a service and is not restricted by firewall rules.  In the following example the -D specifies a local dynamic application level port forwarding and the -N specifies not to execute a remote command.   ssh –D 8989 [email protected] -N You can also forward specific ports on both the local and remote host. The following example will setup a port forward on port 8080 and forward it to port 80 on the remote machine. ssh -L 8080:farwebserver.com:80 [email protected] You can even run remote commands via ssh which is quite useful for scripting or remote system administration tasks. The following example shows how to  log in remotely and execute the command ls –la in the home directory of the machine. Because ssh encrypts the traffic, the login credentials and output of the command are completely protected while they travel over the wire. [rchase@test1 ~]$ ssh rchase@test2 'ls -la'rchase@test2's password: total 24drwx------  2 rchase rchase 4096 Sep  6 15:17 .drwxr-xr-x. 3 root   root   4096 Sep  6 15:16 ..-rw-------  1 rchase rchase   12 Sep  6 15:17 .bash_history-rw-r--r--  1 rchase rchase   18 Dec 20  2012 .bash_logout-rw-r--r--  1 rchase rchase  176 Dec 20  2012 .bash_profile-rw-r--r--  1 rchase rchase  124 Dec 20  2012 .bashrc You can execute any command contained in the quotations marks as long as you have permission with the user account that you are using to log in. This can be very powerful and useful for collecting information for reports, remote controlling systems and performing systems administration tasks using shell scripts. To make your shell scripts even more useful and to automate logins you can use ssh keys for running commands remotely and securely without the need to enter a password. You can accomplish this with key based authentication. The first step in setting up key based authentication is to generate a public key for the system that you wish to log in from. In the following example you are generating a ssh key on a test system. In case you are wondering, this key was generated on a test VM that was destroyed after this article. [rchase@test1 .ssh]$ ssh-keygen -t rsaGenerating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/home/rchase/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/rchase/.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /home/rchase/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:7a:8e:86:ef:59:70:ef:43:b7:ee:33:03:6e:6f:69:e8 rchase@test1The key's randomart image is:+--[ RSA 2048]----+|                 ||  . .            ||   o .           ||    . o o        ||   o o oS+       ||  +   o.= =      ||   o ..o.+ =     ||    . .+. =      ||     ...Eo       |+-----------------+ Now that you have the key generated on the local system you should to copy it to the target server into a temporary location. The user’s home directory is fine for this. [rchase@test1 .ssh]$ scp id_rsa.pub rchase@test2:/home/rchaserchase@test2's password: id_rsa.pub                  Now that the file has been copied to the server, you need to append it to the authorized_keys file. This should be appended to the end of the file in the event that there are other authorized keys on the system. [rchase@test2 ~]$ cat id_rsa.pub >> .ssh/authorized_keys Once the process is complete you are ready to login. Since you are using key based authentication you are not prompted for a password when logging into the system.   [rchase@test1 ~]$ ssh test2Last login: Fri Sep  6 17:42:02 2013 from test1 This makes it much easier to run remote commands. Here’s an example of the remote command from earlier. With no password it’s almost as if the command ran locally. [rchase@test1 ~]$ ssh test2 'ls -la'total 32drwx------  3 rchase rchase 4096 Sep  6 17:40 .drwxr-xr-x. 3 root   root   4096 Sep  6 15:16 ..-rw-------  1 rchase rchase   12 Sep  6 15:17 .bash_history-rw-r--r--  1 rchase rchase   18 Dec 20  2012 .bash_logout-rw-r--r--  1 rchase rchase  176 Dec 20  2012 .bash_profile-rw-r--r--  1 rchase rchase  124 Dec 20  2012 .bashrc As a security consideration it's important to note the permissions of .ssh and the authorized_keys file.  .ssh should be 700 and authorized_keys should be set to 600.  This prevents unauthorized access to ssh keys from other users on the system.   An even easier way to move keys back and forth is to use ssh-copy-id. Instead of copying the file and appending it manually to the authorized_keys file, ssh-copy-id does both steps at once for you.  Here’s an example of moving the same key using ssh-copy-id.The –i in the example is so that we can specify the path to the id file, which in this case is /home/rchase/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [rchase@test1]$ ssh-copy-id -i /home/rchase/.ssh/id_rsa.pub rchase@test2 One of the last tips that I will cover is the ssh config file. By using the ssh config file you can setup host aliases to make logins to hosts with odd ports or long hostnames much easier and simpler to remember. Here’s an example entry in our .ssh/config file. Host dev1 Hostname somereallylonghostname.somereallylongdomain.com Port 28372 User somereallylongusername12345678 Let’s compare the login process between the two. Which would you want to type and remember? ssh somereallylongusername12345678@ somereallylonghostname.somereallylongdomain.com –p 28372 ssh dev1 I hope you find these tips useful.  There are a number of tools used by system administrators to streamline processes and simplify workflows and whether you are new to Linux or a longtime user, I'm sure you will agree that SSH offers useful features that can be used every day.  Send me your comments and let us know the ways you  use SSH with Linux.  If you have other tools you would like to see covered in a similar post, send in your suggestions.

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• Can't update scala on Gentoo

  - by xhochy

  As I wanted to test Scala 2.9.2 on my gentoo system I tried updated the package but ended up with this error. I can't figure out where the problem may be: Calculating dependencies ...... done! >>> Verifying ebuild manifests >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 running Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 >>> Emerging (1 of 1) dev-lang/scala-2.9.2 >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 running Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 >>> Failed to emerge dev-lang/scala-2.9.2, Log file: >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 running Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 >>> '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/temp/build.log' >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 running Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 running, 1 failed Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 >>> Jobs: 0 of 1 complete, 1 failed Load avg: 0.23, 0.16, 0.20 * Package: dev-lang/scala-2.9.2 * Repository: gentoo * Maintainer: [email protected] * USE: amd64 elibc_glibc kernel_linux multilib userland_GNU * FEATURES: sandbox [01m[31;06m!!! ERROR: Couldn't find suitable VM. Possible invalid dependency string. Due to jdk-with-com-sun requiring a target of 1.7 but the virtual machines constrained by virtual/jdk-1.6 and/or this package requiring virtual(s) jdk-with-com-sun[0m * Unable to determine VM for building from dependencies: NV_DEPEND: virtual/jdk:1.6 java-virtuals/jdk-with-com-sun !binary? ( dev-java/ant-contrib:0 ) app-arch/xz-utils >=dev-java/java-config-2.1.9-r1 source? ( app-arch/zip ) >=dev-java/ant-core-1.7.0 dev-java/ant-nodeps >=dev-java/javatoolkit-0.3.0-r2 >=dev-lang/python-2.4 * ERROR: dev-lang/scala-2.9.2 failed (setup phase): * Failed to determine VM for building. * * Call stack: * ebuild.sh, line 93: Called pkg_setup * scala-2.9.2.ebuild, line 43: Called java-pkg-2_pkg_setup * java-pkg-2.eclass, line 53: Called java-pkg_init * java-utils-2.eclass, line 2187: Called java-pkg_switch-vm * java-utils-2.eclass, line 2674: Called die * The specific snippet of code: * die "Failed to determine VM for building." * * If you need support, post the output of `emerge --info '=dev-lang/scala-2.9.2'`, * the complete build log and the output of `emerge -pqv '=dev-lang/scala-2.9.2'`. !!! When you file a bug report, please include the following information: GENTOO_VM= CLASSPATH="" JAVA_HOME="" JAVACFLAGS="" COMPILER="" and of course, the output of emerge --info * The complete build log is located at '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/temp/build.log'. * The ebuild environment file is located at '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/temp/die.env'. * Working directory: '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2' * S: '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/work/scala-2.9.2-sources' * Messages for package dev-lang/scala-2.9.2: * Unable to determine VM for building from dependencies: * ERROR: dev-lang/scala-2.9.2 failed (setup phase): * Failed to determine VM for building. * * Call stack: * ebuild.sh, line 93: Called pkg_setup * scala-2.9.2.ebuild, line 43: Called java-pkg-2_pkg_setup * java-pkg-2.eclass, line 53: Called java-pkg_init * java-utils-2.eclass, line 2187: Called java-pkg_switch-vm * java-utils-2.eclass, line 2674: Called die * The specific snippet of code: * die "Failed to determine VM for building." * * If you need support, post the output of `emerge --info '=dev-lang/scala-2.9.2'`, * the complete build log and the output of `emerge -pqv '=dev-lang/scala-2.9.2'`. * The complete build log is located at '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/temp/build.log'. * The ebuild environment file is located at '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/temp/die.env'. * Working directory: '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2' * S: '/var/tmp/portage/dev-lang/scala-2.9.2/work/scala-2.9.2-sources' The following eix output may help: % eix java-virtuals/jdk-with-com-sun [I] java-virtuals/jdk-with-com-sun Available versions: 20111111 {{ELIBC="FreeBSD"}} Installed versions: 20111111(16:08:51 18/04/12)(ELIBC="-FreeBSD") Homepage: http://www.gentoo.org Description: Virtual ebuilds that require internal com.sun classes from a JDK Both virtual jdks 1.6 and 1.7 are installed: % eix virtual/jdk [I] virtual/jdk Available versions: (1.4) ~1.4.2-r1[1] (1.5) 1.5.0 ~1.5.0-r3[1] (1.6) 1.6.0 1.6.0-r1 (1.7) (~)1.7.0 Installed versions: 1.6.0-r1(1.6)(23:22:48 10/11/12) 1.7.0(1.7)(23:21:09 10/11/12) Description: Virtual for JDK [1] "java-overlay" /var/lib/layman/java-overlay

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• Undeploy multiple SOA composites with WLST or ANT by Danilo Schmiedel

  - by JuergenKress

  As part of our current project the Build Management team asked for a solution to undeploy multiple composites at one time. Of course you have the “Undeploy All from This Partition” menu option in Enterprise Manager but since we have a lot of deployments every day the guys wanted to have a script solution. It is even more important for the nightly deployments on our continuous integration environment – strange, we couldn’t find anybody who wants to do the undeployment via Enterprise Manager manually every night ;-) However with WLST or ANT the SOA Suite comes with two options to undeploy composites via script. In this article I’d like to explain you both ways. Undeployment with WLST You can test the steps below on Oracle's Pre-built Virtual Machine for SOA Suite and BPM Suite 11g. Change to the WLST directory under MIDDLEWARE_HOME/Oracle_SOA1/common/bin. cd /oracle/fmwhome/Oracle_SOA1/common/bin/ Open WLST ./wlst.sh Connect to the SOA server Read the full article by Danilo Schmiedel SOA & BPM Partner Community For regular information on Oracle SOA Suite become a member in the SOA & BPM Partner Community for registration please visit  www.oracle.com/goto/emea/soa (OPN account required) If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. Blog Twitter LinkedIn Mix Forum Technorati Tags: undeploy soa,Danilo Schmiedel,SOA Community,Oracle SOA,Oracle BPM,Community,OPN,Jürgen Kress

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• One site being on a subdirectory of another. Does google count this against you?

  - by Mick

  I have created two similar websites (relating to monetary systems). So far, one appears to be loved by Google and the other hated. I'm struggling to work out why. This is a mystery to me because both sites were created by me with the same design philosophy, both in pure html. Both are packed to the rafters with references to, and information about, their respective subjects. One issue I'm worried may be the cause is to do with the location of the sites. I got a web hosting package from hostmonster.com for the successful one, but less liked one is just an "add-on" which sits on a subdirectory of the successful one. I wonder if Google somehow detects this and treats it as a less significant website? EDIT: Just to clarify, even though one site is an add-on that sits on a subdirectory of the other, the URL is arranged to look like it is a root. I.e. the unpopular site can be accessed directly with a simple www.myunpopularsite.com name, without specifying any subdirectory. EDIT: Just in case its important... say the popular site is called pop.com and the unpopular one unpop.com. In the webspace I've purchased, there is a directory called public_html. This is where I put the index.htm and all the other files of my popular site. When I purchased the add-on unpop.com. I made a subdirectory of public_html called unpop. It is within this "public_html\unpop\" that I place the index.htm and all the other files of my unpopular site. Typing www.unpop.com into the address bar of a browser links directly to the contents of "public_html\unpop\" and the user is not aware that this site is sitting on a subdirectory of another site. BUT if you type "www.pop.com/unpop" into the address bar of a browser you DO see the unpopular site.

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• RDP failing due to Audit Failure on the IPSec driver

  - by paulwhit

  I am trying to RDP into a Windows 7 Hyper-V image connected to a corporate network that publishes IPSec policies via Active Directory. I am seeing this error in the log: IPsec dropped an inbound clear text packet that should have been secured. If the remote computer is configured with a Request Outbound IPsec policy, this might be benign and expected. This can also be caused by the remote computer changing its IPsec policy without informing this computer. This could also be a spoofing attack attempt. Remote Network Address: XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Inbound SA SPI: 0 How do I change my settings on the computer using RDP to something suitable for the domain-joined Hyper-V image?

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• After updating debian lenny, ps stops recognising my users

  - by William Coates

  Since upgrading my debian lenny box with apt-get, ps seems to be behaving strangely, and also if i run top i see under the user column the ids, not the names. whoami => foo ps -U foo => ERROR: User name does not exist. I get this output when I run "strace -e trace=open ps -U foo 2&1 | less", seems just this /usr/lib/libnss_compat.so.2 doesnt exist: open("/etc/mtab", O_RDONLY) = 3 open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3 open("/proc/self/stat", O_RDONLY) = 3 open("/proc/uptime", O_RDONLY) = 3 open("/etc/nsswitch.conf", O_RDONLY) = 4 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 4 open("/lib/libnss_compat.so.2", O_RDONLY)=4 open("/usr/lib/libnss_compat.so.2", O_RDONLY)=-1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/proc/self/stat", O_RDONLY)= 4

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• Mass renaming, *nix version

  - by Paolo B.

  I was looking for a way to rename a huge number of similarly-named files, much like this one (a Windows-related question) except that I'm using *nix (Ubuntu and FreeBSD, separately). Just to sum up, while using the shell (Bash, CSH, etc.) how do I mass-rename a number of files such that, for example, the following files: Beethoven - Fur Elise.mp3 Beethoven - Moonlight Sonata.mp3 Beethoven - Ode to Joy.mp3 Beethoven - Rage Over the Lost Penny.mp3 will be renamed like these? Fur Elise.mp3 Moonlight Sonata.mp3 Ode to Joy.mp3 Rage Over the Lost Penny.mp3 The reason I want to do this is that these collection of files will go under a directory named "Beethoven" (i.e. the filenames' prefix), and having this information on the filename itself will be redundant.

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• Unable to start VMWare Workstation after upgrade to 13.04

  - by pst007x

  After upgrading to 13.04 I am unable to start VMWorkstation. I get the following message: Before you can run VMware, several modules must be compiled and loaded into the running kernel. Kernel Headers 3.8.0-19-generic Kernel headers for version 3.8.0-19-generic were not found. If you have installed them in a non-default path you can specify the path below. Does anyone have any idea what to do next? Ubuntu 13.04 64bit If I direct the path to: /usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-19-generic I get the following message: C header files matching your running kernel were not found. Thanks Additional: As suggested I run this in terminal: cd /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build/include/linux sudo ln -s ../generated/utsrelease.h sudo ln -s ../generated/autoconf.h sudo ln -s ../generated/uapi/linux/version.h However, now I get the following: Before you can run VMware, several modules must be compiled and loaded into the kernel CANCEL / INSTALL I INSTALL, the window closes and nothing happens.... Any ideas? ADDITIONAL: I installed this: sudo apt-get install open-vm-tools open-vm-tools-dev open-vm-dkms open-vm-toolbox open-vm-tools-dev And it all launched... Many thanks for the suggestions and help... This is what I love about Ubuntu... it has a great helpful community... ! Note: Also found this which may help others too: HERE ADDITIONAL ERROR: Could not open /dev/vmmon: Is a directory. Please make sure that the kernel module `vmmon' is loaded. Failed to initialize monitor device. Monitor settings all greyed out RESOLUTION: Re-installation of Nvidia Drivers

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• Requesting better explanation for etag/expiration of favicon.ico

  - by syn4k

  Following this article: Configuring favicon with expires header in htaccess Using YSlow, I keep getting: (no expires) http://devwww.someplace.com/favicon.ico Also, YSlow indicates: Grade C on Configure entity tags (ETags) for the same file. My relevant config (.htaccess): # Configure ETags FileETag MTime Size <IfModule mod_expires.c> # Enable Expires Headers for this directory and sub directories that don't override it ExpiresActive on # Set default expiration for all files ExpiresDefault "access plus 24 hours" # Add Proper MIME-Type for Favicon AddType image/x-icon .ico # Set specific expriation by file type ExpiresByType image/x-icon "access plus 1 month" ExpiresByType image/ico "access plus 1 month" ExpiresByType image/icon "access plus 1 month" </IfModule> As you can see, I am setting both, etags and expiration however, both seem to be ignored. Yes, mod_expires is being loaded by my Apache configuration.

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• Linux - How to manage the password of root?

  - by Jonathan Rioux

  We have just deployed a couple of Linux server. Each sysadmin will have his own account on the server (i.e.: jsmith), and will connect using SSH with a certificate which will be put into the "authorized_keys" file in their home directory. Once connected on the server, if they want to issue an elevated command, they will do like: sudo ifconfig They will then enter the root password. What I would like to know now are the best practices in managing that root password. Should I change it periodicaly? And how do I share that new password with the sysadmins? **Of course I will disable the root logon in SSH.

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• Error running phusion passenger in standalone mode

  - by msidell

  I'm trying to run standalone phusion passenger so that I can run different ruby rvm configurations on the same host. I already have ruby and passenger running fine on this host. I am following the instructions here. When I run standalone passenger the first time, it appears to successfully install nginx. But then when it tries to run, I get this error: [root@clark directra]# passenger start -a 127.0.0.1 -p 3001 -d --user dweb *** ERROR *** Could not start Passenger Nginx core: nginx: [alert] could not open error log file: open() "/tmp/passenger-standalone.16757/logs/error.log" failed (2: No such file or directory) nginx: [alert] Unable to start the Phusion Passenger watchdog (/var/lib/passenger-standalone/3.0.11-x86-ruby1.9.3-linux-gcc4.1.2-1002/support/ agents/PassengerWatchdog): Permission denied (13) (13: Permission denied) Stopping web server... done FWIW, /tmp is writeable. Any idea what's wrong?

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• Samba Server needs to have AD authentication

  - by vivek

  My Linux server is connected to AD via Bind DN and password (without domain joining). It is using sssd for authentication. I am able to ssh and login without any issue. I have a proper setup of uid and guid, etc. .. There is no issue with logging to the linux server. I want the samba service to use AD accounts, but I can't find documentation for how to configure it in this case. Can anyone explain how to configure samba to use active directory for authentication on a system using sssd?

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• How to choose my own filename format for subscribed podcast files?

  - by meomaxy

  I subscribe to several podcasts where the filenames of the downloaded mp3 files have no particular pattern to them. When I copy the directory of accumulated mp3 files into my mp3 player, the files play in alphabetical order. What I really want is to play the files chronologically by release date. I currently use iTunes on Windows XP to download the files. What I do now is manually rename the files, adding the date in YYYYMMDD format to the start of each filename so that an alphabetical listing of files will correspond to their chronological order when I listen to them later in PocketTunes on my Palm Centro. Is there some way to get the release date into the filename automatically? If so, I could automate or possibly skip the file renaming step. I would switch from iTunes to something else if that would solve my problem. The file creation time on my local disk isn't a reliable indicator because sometimes I download a few days worth of content at one time, and the files don't necessarily get downloaded in chronological order.

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• Setup secure shared hosting (Apache, PHP, MySQL)

  - by Apaz

  So I'm setting up a shared hosting with Apache, PHP, MySQL and the biggest question mark is how to do with PHP, since there is a million options out there how to configure it securely. The plan is: Chroot for MySQL (built in support for chroot) Chroot for Apache (mod_security) Each user executing their PHP-scripts as their own user (see below) Set open_basedir Disable all "evil" php-functions (allow_url_fopen, system, exec, and so on) Ive looked at suexec and suphp but they seems very slow; http://blog.stuartherbert.com/php/2007/12/18/using-suexec-to-secure-a-shared-server/ http://blog.stuartherbert.com/php/2008/01/18/using-suphp-to-secure-a-shared-server/ So I've looked some more and found some other solutions: apache2-mpm-itk + mod_php(?) mod_fcgid + php-fpm mod_fastcgi + php-fpm Ive tried a simple setup with mod_fastcgi + php-fpm and it seems to work, runs as correct user and so on, but the protection against directory traveling is still open_basedir(?) One solution for that could be to use php-fpm's chroot option, but that causes a lot of other issues like domain name resolver does not work sending mail does not work Tips?

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• Redhat 6 gui installation VS kickstart gives me different packages?

  - by jonaz

  If i do the graphical install and select basic server + aide and screen i get a system with 535 installed packages. If i look at the /root/anaconda-ks.cfg file in that freshly installed system i see: %packages @base @console-internet @core @debugging @directory-client @hardware-monitoring @java-platform @large-systems @network-file-system-client @performance @perl-runtime @security-tools @server-platform @server-policy @system-admin-tools pax python-dmidecode oddjob sgpio certmonger pam_krb5 krb5-workstation nscd pam_ldap nss-pam-ldapd perl-DBD-SQLite aide screen If i then install a NEW system using a kickstart only containing those packages i get 620 installed packages. So basicly my question is why does the system install almost 100 more packages when using kickstart compared to the GUI installation when the exact same packagegroups are selected?

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• DBD::mysql gives mysql_init not found

  - by highBandWidth

  I have to install a non-admin copy of mysql and perl module DBD::mysql in my home directory. I installed mysql in ~/software/db/mysql and this works since I can start and stop the server and go to the mysql prompt. Then, I downloaded the perl module and installed it using perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=~/myperl/ LIB=~/myperl/lib/lib64/perl5/ --mysql_config=/my_home/software/db/mysql/bin/mysql_config --libs=/myhome/software/db/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.a make make install I did this to use the statically linked mysql client library. perl -MDBD::mysql -e 1 gives no errors. However, when I actually try to use the module, I get /usr/bin/perl: symbol lookup error: /myhome/myperl/lib/lib64/perl5/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/auto/DBD/mysql/mysql.so: undefined symbol: mysql_init

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• WS2008R2 / W7PRO: Cannot rename folder - folder redirection

  - by castor

  After few months from migrating one of my networks on Active Directory this issue started. A few users are encountering an issue from time to time - they cannot rename folders and files on desktop. The system throws an error saying the folder or file is already in use. Folder redirection takes place in this scenario (Desktop and My Documents) Subnet with user PCs is different from subnet with servers (Cisco ASA5505 Security Plus between - all inspection policies disabled on these interfaces) Users are running Windows 7 Professional x86 Server is running Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard Any ideas?

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• LamedropXPd-like very simple zipper?

  - by overtherainbow

  Hello A friend of mine needs to zip a bunch of MP3's on her locked-down XP or Vista PC at work. There are two requirements: Since she doesn't have admin rights, the application should either not require an installer, or the installer doesn't require admin rights (don't know if it's possible) Ideally, the UI should be as dead-simple as eg. LamedropXPd, ie. just drag 'n drop files from Windows Explorer onto the icon, and off she has a ZIP file in the same directory as where the MP3's are located. Does someone know of such a utility? Thank you.

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• Creating Client Certificate - Windows

  - by Aur

  I am trying to create client certifications against a microsoft CA using the built in website. (Microsoft Active directory Certificate Services) From what I can tell you have to login as the user to create the corresponding certificate. Is there anyway to get around that? I tried to create my own template duplicating the user tempalte but it doesn't match and gets rejected when trying to authenticate. Is this something I'd have to look at building? Any help is appreciative, thank you for your time.

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