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• Throttle CPU Usage consumed by Process

  - by Brett Powell

  We run a game-server company where we basically have large amounts of customers sharing a single machine, and are just on their own instance of a Java Process (Minecraft) managed by our Web Control Panels. In the last few game updates released, we have noticed that many of the third-party plugins our customer's use have become poorly written and we are frequently seeing huge CPU increases from certain servers until we manually kill the process. Our Game Panel automatically restarts processes, so killing them is not really an issue. Our problem is that once once of these servers starts consuming 50%+ CPU Usage, it takes atleast 5 minutes to RDP into the machine, locate who it belongs to, shut it down and notify them. Are there any current solutions for Server 2008 which allow for the throttling of CPU usage or worst case, just auto kill a process stuck using that much? As Minecraft is essentially a single-threaded application, we have investigated using Affinity, although with the variations in our Packages and fluctuations in usage, this doesn't work well for us. Some option to throttle the maximum usage a process can use would be perfect, or at least the option to kill a process using that much. Thanks!

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• CPU usage always below 10% in windows server 2008 r2 x64

  - by ???

  I am using a server with windows server 2008 r2 running on it to run my program. The CPU of the server is Intel xeon x5570 2.93GHz with 2 processors, 8 cores per processer. However, I found that the cpu usage is almost always below 10% even I use 32 threads in my program. And I also found that sometimes the cpu usage could reach as high as 93% through the task manager when running my program and at that moment my program has processed over 1000 files per second while normally, it only processed over 50 files per second. However, this does not happen often. I use tools downloaded from the internet to make sure no core sleeps when the server is on, nothing changed. Also, I edited the windows register to make sure that I, as an administer, have no cpu usage limit. But it changed nothing. Is there anyway that I can make full use of my cpu? That is to say that each core runs a thread of my program and the total cpu usage could reach over 50% when I use a reasonable number of threads in my program. Did this happen to anyone of you? And could you help me with this ? Thank you!

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• Recover data from Dynamic Disk (MBR) bigger than 2TB

  - by Helder

  Here is the situation: Promise Array FastTrak TX4310 with 3 disks (750 GB each) in RAID5. This comes to around 1500 GB of data. Last week I had the idea of expanding the RAID with an additional 750 GB disk. This would bring the volume to around 2250 GB. I plugged the disk and used the Webpam software to do the RAID expansion. However, I didn't count with the MBR 2TB limit, as I didn't remembered that the disk was using MBR instead of GPT and I didn't check it prior to the expansion. After a couple of days of expansion, today when I got home, the disk in Windows disk manager showed the message "Invalid disk" and when I try to activate it, it says "The operation is not allowed on the Invalid pack". From what I figured, the logical volume on the RAID expanded, and passed that info to the Windows layer and I ended up with an "larger than 2TB" MBR disk. I'm hopping that somehow I can still recover some data from this, and I was wondering if I can "rewrite" the MBR structure back to the 1500 GB partition size, so I can access the partition in Windows. Right now I'm doing an "Analyse" with TestDisk, as I hope the program will pickup the old 1500 structure and allow me to somehow revert back to it. I think that even though the Logical Drive in the RAID is bigger than the 2TB, I can somehow correct the MBR to show the 1500 GB partition again. I had a similar problem once, and I was able to recover the data using a similar method. What do you guys think? Is it a dead end? Am I totally screwed because there is the extra RAID layer that I'm not counting? Or is there other way to move with this? Thanks all!

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• CPU Usage at 100% with "Hardware Interrupts"

  - by eventualEntropy

  After turning on my desktop one day, I found that my CPU usage was maxed out at 100%, with 99% of that going to hardware "Interrupts". I tried to enable/disable all my devices one by one through the device manager, and found that I could get the CPU usage used by the Interrupts down to 50% by disabling all devices labelled "USB Host Controller" (except the ones for the mouse/keyboard). I found that I also got 10-20% more from disabling "High Definition Audio Controller". Following the tutorial at: http://www.msfn.org/board/topic/140263-how-to-get-the-cause-of-high-cpu-usage-by-dpc-interrupt/ Led me to similar conclusions (that is, that the culprit is mostly "USB Host Controller"): I've tried updating my asus motherboard driver and my video card driver. This is on Windows 7 64 bit. I've spent hours trying to figure this out and I'm running out of ideas short of formatting (which might still not fix it!).

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• Disk errors on tty and syslog/dmesg

  - by Shoaibi

  Recently I have started to get a lot of these errors: Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.554292] ata5: SError: { HostInt 10B8B } Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.559346] sr 4:0:0:0: CDB: Test Unit Ready: 00 00 00 00 00 00 Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.560191] ata5.00: cmd a0/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 tag 0 Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.560231] res 51/20:03:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 Emask 0x40 (internal error) Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.575310] ata5.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.579801] ata5: hard resetting link Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.929320] ata5: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.941936] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/100 Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.969426] ata5: EH complete Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.527699] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x40 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x80800 action 0x6 Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.527779] ata5.00: irq_stat 0x40000001 Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.527822] ata5: SError: { HostInt 10B8B } Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.527901] sr 4:0:0:0: CDB: Test Unit Ready: 00 00 00 00 00 00 Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.528103] ata5.00: cmd a0/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 tag 0 Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.528142] res 51/20:03:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 Emask 0x40 (internal error) Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.528184] ata5.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.528303] ata5: hard resetting link Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.875894] ata5: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.888267] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/100 Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.916365] ata5: EH complete Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.537834] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x40 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x80800 action 0x6 Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.545253] ata5.00: irq_stat 0x40000001 Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.549788] ata5: SError: { HostInt 10B8B } Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.554840] sr 4:0:0:0: CDB: Test Unit Ready: 00 00 00 00 00 00 Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.555201] ata5.00: cmd a0/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 tag 0 Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.555242] res 51/20:03:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 Emask 0x40 (internal error) Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.570483] ata5.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.574695] ata5: hard resetting link Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.924954] ata5: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.936831] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/100 Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.965001] ata5: EH complete Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.529784] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x40 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x80800 action 0x6 Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.529904] ata5.00: irq_stat 0x40000001 Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530023] ata5: SError: { HostInt 10B8B } Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530104] sr 4:0:0:0: CDB: Test Unit Ready: 00 00 00 00 00 00 Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530425] ata5.00: cmd a0/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 tag 0 Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530466] res 51/20:03:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 Emask 0x40 (internal error) Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530583] ata5.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530705] ata5: hard resetting link Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.873218] ata5: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.885040] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/100 Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.913404] ata5: EH complete Are these critical error messages? What would be the cause and remedy?

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• Tomcat memory usage grows until crash with no GC run

  - by Phil

  I'm administrating a server running Tomcat that is getting a lot of traffic lately. If I monitor memory usage in Task Manager I can see the memory usage growing and eventually tomcat crashes around the 1GB mark. Here's the memory relevent bits I've set in Tomcat Properties (this is a Windows Server): Intial memory pool: 1024 MB Maximum memory pool: 1024 MB -XX:MaxPermSize=256M The weird thing is since these problems arose I've deployed Lambda Probe to the Tomcat instance and the memory usage values I see there are much lower, for example Task Manager might show 467MB used while the "Total" used in Probe is 212 MB. Also, the Maximum Total listed in Probe is 1.29GB, when I would have expected 1GB, the maximum memory set above. If I force the garbage collector to run using Probe, I can keep Tomcat from crashing for a while (indefinitely, AFAIK). So why doesn't the GC run automatically and stop Tomcat from crashing? Thanks.

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• disk not accessible

  - by user107044

  i formatted my hard drive yesterday and it was working well even after the formatting. But when I restarted my system again , is is showing that the space is alloted to my files but they are inaccessible. I have even tried to unhide the files and folders, if they got hidden somehow. But nothing works. the hard drive is being shown empty but the properties are saying that it still conatins the data : http://imgur.com/ObjTE in the image, it is showing that the directory has only 1 file of size:4.8 kbps but the space being used by the drive is 11.6 GB. do suggest some solution.

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• Disk drive won't let go of password prompt at bootup?

  - by user54003

  I had a hacker intrude into my system, at the time it was obvious, so I reinstalled. However, I am left with what appears to be a fatal problem as far as one of my disk drives goes. When I install that drive in my system, a prompt comes up for the disk password, and what it is asking for is a root password. The disk works otherwise normally but despite all my efforts, I have not been able to fix this disk. I have gotten the operating system parted magic and done the most extreme clean up available, the internal one which sends a signal to the disk electronics which runs a built in clean up program. Darik's boot and nuke, I've tried them all but I can't seem to remove this with anything in the Linux line. Does anyone have any suggestions? I've run gparted, created a Sun, an Apple and various other schemes to partition the disk, all to no avail. Can anyone help?

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• Win 8: Adding a boot volume to an MBR dynamic disk [NOT about changing to basic disks]

  - by Stilez

  (This is NOT aiming to convert to basic disk. In this question, the disk stays dynamic but becomes bootable) There doesn't seem to be a clear, well stated answer I can find, for the question "What are the criteria for Windows 8 to successfully boot from an MBR dynamic disk", or "how do I fix a dynamic MBR partition that's failing boot"? I've tried to educate myself but can't find crucial information to clear it all up. My existing HDD/SSD setup: DISK 0 ~ 60GB SSD/MBR/basic: (350MB recovery)(60GB windows 8 bootable) DISK 1 ~ 512GB SSD/MBR/dynamic: (350MB recovery)(60GB unallocated)(410GB mirrored data) DISK 2 ~ 512GB SSD/MBR/dynamic: (350MB recovery)(60GB unallocated)(410GB mirrored data) DISKS 3, 4, 5: (ignored for simplicity: 2xHDD RAID1 + caching SSD) I'm heavy duty on data crunching and virtualisation, just maxxed out 32GB RAM @ 2133 and moved to 4960X + 64GB. Disk 0 is a pure system disk of little value, and virtualisations runs off mirrored SSDs (Samsung 840 Pro 512 x 2) for double speed reading and so they snapshot in reasonable time. I'm using 4 SATA3 ports and the board only has two decent Intel ports (onboard Marvell are poorer quality). I'm wary of choosing between LSI, HighPoint and other 3rd party controllers as I'm unfamiliar with the maze of decent RAID cards (that's a whole other issue!). I want to cut down my SSD needs by moving the boot volume and caching volume to the 840 pros, giving a setup with 2 fewer SSDs: DISK 0 ~ 512GB SSD/MBR/dynamic: (350MB recovery)(60GB boot)(410GB mirrored data) DISK 1 ~ 512GB SSD/MBR/dynamic: (350MB recovery)(30GB cache for the ICH10R mirror)(30GB temp)(410GB mirrored data) DISKS 2, 3: (2xHDD RAID1) Intel's RST allows this, Win 8 allows booting off a MBR/dynamic disk, and the two 60GB SSDs are hardly the fastest SSDs anyway, they'll get repurposed. Moving the caching volume is easy. Moving the boot volume has me stumped. The difficulty is, I'm hitting a wall of knowledge here. I have a UEFI Asus motherboard with an previous traditional MBR/basic boot disk, and I want it to boot from a disk and volume that's MBR/dynamic. The disk copy is physically ok (Partition Wizard Server will copy to dynamic volumes) but then hits a light blue 0xc000000e boot error. No real surprise, I expected to have some boot fixing, but had expected Windows to boot-fix it (all drivers exist), or the usual manual fixes to work. Specifically, I don't know enough, to know what's got to be manually checked and perhaps corrected for the disk to boot (legacy/uefi/bios, odd partitions, boot tables, disk IDs, hidden boot files, oh my!), or if I need to change any of this secure boot/UEFI/legacy stuff in the bios, convert a 512 SSD to basic and then back to dynamic when working, or if the issue is pure OS config using "diskpart", "bootsect" and "bootrec" from the Win8 DVD. The old system disk still boots but I don't know enough to figure what to fix, to make the system boot as I want. The answers probably aren't hard but the real issue is my confusion and missing information. Thanks for helping!

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• How to read unix usage

  - by sixtyfootersdude

  I did some searching but I cannot find documentation on how unix usage works. I know somethings (mostly through trial and error) but for example how do I know that: /usr/bin/ls [-aAbcCdeEfFghHilLmnopqrRstuvVx1@] [file]... Means that you can include more than one option. Ie: ls -la Can someone point me to some documentation on what the usage syntax is.

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• Reduce Mac OS X's Flash CPU usage

  - by elhombre

  I have been experiencing high CPU usage (138%) on my MacBook, while looking at flash videos on the internet with the Firefox browser. Mostly this usage makes itself noticeable by the loud noise of the fans and a hot MacBook which is very annoying for me. Does anyone know how to solve this problem or a workaround in of any kind?

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• how to check usage of a web site

  - by Raj More

  I have this community that wants me to join in. They claim to be a very active referral service community. I since referrals are private, I cannot gain access to the actual numbers. I wanted to review their site usage to see really how active they are. Where do I check up on their visitor usage?

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• Hard disk with bad clusters

  - by Dan

  I have been trying to backup some files up to DVD recently, and the burn process failed saying the CRC check failed for certain files. I then tried to browse to these files in Windows explorer and my whole machine locks up and I have to reboot. I ran check disk without the '/F /R' arguments and it told me I had bad sectors. So I re-ran it with the arguments and check disk fails during the 'Chkdsk is verifying usn journal' stage with this error: Insufficient disk space to fix the usn journal $j data stream The hard disk is a 300GB Partition on a 400GB Disk, and there is 160GBs of free space on the partition. My os (Windows 7) is installed on the other partition and is running fine. Any idea how I fix this? or repair it enough to copy my files off it?

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• Cloning single disk drive to multiple drives simultaneously

  - by mr.b

  Hi, I am looking for a way to clone single disk drive to more than one disk drive at the same time. I have prepared system images on 1TB disks, and it takes almost 2 hours to clone one disk to another, and then it goes up exponentially, in order to have say 30 disks cloned. If it was possible to clone one disk to more than single target, it would simplify whole procedure a lot. Also, is there something that prevents this kind of operation? I mean, is there some special reason why every disk cloning software that I know about supports only single target drive? Thanks! P.S. This question is cross-post from superuser, I hope nobody minds.

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• zeroing a disk with dd vs Disk Utility

  - by jdizzle

  I'm attempting to zero a disk on my Mac OS X machine. I'm going for complete zeros and unformatted, so I think of dd. Unfortunately the maximum throughput I've managed to get out of dd is 7MB/s. Just for grins I tried disk utility and it has a throughput of 19MB/s. What gives? I've tried changing the bs option on dd to all sorts of values, but it still hovers around 7MB/s. Why is disk utility so much faster?

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• How to limit disk performance?

  - by DrakeES

  I am load-testing a web application and studying the impact of some config tweaks (related to disk i/o) on the overall app performance, i.e. the amount of users that can be handled simultaneously. But the problem is that I hit 100% CPU before I can see any effect of the disk-related config settings. I am therefore wondering if there is a way I could deliberately limit the disk performance so that it becomes the bottleneck and the tweaks I am trying to play with actually start impacting performance. Should I just make the hard disk busy with something else? What would serve the best for this purpose? More details (probably irrelevant, but anyway): PHP/Magento/Apache, studying the impact of apc.stat. Setting it to 0 makes APC not checking PHP scripts for modification which should increase performance where disk is the bottleneck. Using JMeter for benchmarking.

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• Beginners advice on Small business network disk(s)

  - by Rob

  We are having 10 PCs used by various user and presently use one network disk (a LaCie NAS) for all our data. Everything is Windows Vista and our collective IT hardware knowledge is minimal. This worked well generally. However, recently the disk freqently loses connection from the network (2-3 times per week) and the only way back seems to be the "turn it off and back on" trick. This obviously cant be any good for the disk. I understand that there are various more sophisticated ways of storing data and was wondering what people would recommend. One of the worries is obviously disk failure (either in part or as a whole) and the lack of continued availability due to network issues. I would guess that a disk which replicates data wouldnt work as a sole solution due to the network connection, but dont know what hardware (and/or software) would/could work in our case. In terms of size, we are looking at very small amounts, ie. less than 500 GB in total.

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• virtualbox 2 vmware disk

  - by anol

  I have a virtualbox disk I'd like to convert to a vmware disk. The disk is dynamic which makes it a lot more trickier. If I follow the instructions at http://xpapad.wordpress.com/2010/02/21/migrating-from-virtualbox-to-vmware-in-linux, the vdi-to-raw conversion will result in a 2 TB file. I don't even have that much disk space! The first step therefore seems to be a dynamic to static conversion of the virtualbox disk, right? How do I do that or is there perhaps a better way to convert to vmware? Help!

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• centos 100% disk full - How to remove log files, history, etc?

  - by kopeklan

  mysqld won't start because disk space is full: 101221 14:06:50 [ERROR] /usr/libexec/mysqld: Error writing file '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid' (Errcode: 28) 101221 14:06:50 [ERROR] Can't start server: can't create PID file: No space left on device running df -h: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 16G 3.2G 12G 23% / /dev/sda5 4.8G 4.6G 0 100% /var /dev/sda3 430G 855M 407G 1% /home /dev/sda1 76M 24M 49M 33% /boot tmpfs 956M 0 956M 0% /dev/shm du -sh * in /var: 12K account 56M cache 24K db 32K empty 8.0K games 1.5G lib 8.0K local 32K lock 221M log 16K lost+found 0 mail 24K named 8.0K nis 8.0K opt 8.0K preserve 8.0K racoon 292K run 70M spool 8.0K tmp 76K webmin 2.6G www 20K yp in /dev/sda5, there is website files in /var/www. because this is first time, I have no idea which files to remove other than moving /var/www to other partition And one more, what is the right way to remove log files, history, etc in /dev/sda5?

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• High CPU usage by 'svchost.exe' and 'coreServiceShell.exe'

  - by kush.impetus

  I am having a laptop running on Windows 7 Ultimate 32-bit. Since past few days, my laptop is facing a serious problem. Whenever I connect to Internet, either svchost.exe or coreServiceShell.exe or both hog the CPU. The coreServiceShell.exe consumes a lot of RAM also. Going into the details, I found that high CPU usage of svchost.exe is caused by Network Location Awareness service. And the high CPU usage of coreServiceShell.exe is caused by Trend Micro Titanium Internet Security 2012. That kind'a makes me think that Trend Micro may be the root of the problem. After further testing, I found that if I use IE or Firefox to browse the Internet, immediately after connecting to Internet, things are normal. See and But if I use Google Chrome, the coreServiceShell.exe hogs both CPU and RAM. At this point, if I disconnect the Internet, the CPU and RAM usage by coreServiceShell.exe continues to be high till I close the Chrome. Also, when I close the Chrome, while Internet is connected, svchost.exe continues to hog CPU but coreServiceShell.exe leaves the race. That makes think that Chrome is the root of the problem, but again, tracing coreServiceShell.exe takes me back to Trend Micro Internet Security. Stopping the Protection by the Trend Micro Internet Security doesn't help either (I am not able to stop its services though). I have updated the Chrome, but no help. I just can't figure out who is the culprit. I can't do without the Google Chrome (of course, by not using it) because of its immensely useful and indispensable features both during browsing and development. Secondly, I can't uninstall the Trend Micro Internet security Suite since it still has few months before it expires and is proving me reliable protection. What could be the cause of the problem and what can I do to resolve this? Thanks in advance

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• Where is my CPU usage going?

  - by Josh

  My Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid virtual machine is saying it's at 100% CPU usage... but all I'm running is Thunderbird. According to top, CPU usage should be ~25.9%... How do I interpret this conflicting output from top? top - 13:55:26 up 3:35, 4 users, load average: 3.03, 2.59, 2.48 Tasks: 178 total, 1 running, 177 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 16.0%us, 79.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 1.3%hi, 3.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 509364k total, 479108k used, 30256k free, 3092k buffers Swap: 2096440k total, 58380k used, 2038060k free, 225116k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 7708 jnet 20 0 480m 109m 17m S 18.4 22.1 21:59.14 thunderbird-bin 4615 jnet 20 0 5488 1268 1040 S 2.3 0.2 5:00.03 nx-rootless-ses 7124 jnet 20 0 56688 27m 4812 S 2.0 5.5 6:35.09 nxagent 6724 nx 20 0 9628 1400 636 S 1.6 0.3 3:26.59 sshd 30106 root 20 0 2544 1236 908 R 0.7 0.2 0:00.33 top 19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:22.45 ata/0 38 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:05.53 scsi_eh_1 345 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:04.72 kjournald 1719 root 20 0 3260 1192 944 S 0.3 0.2 0:17.36 vmware-guestd 1 root 20 0 2804 1356 940 S 0.0 0.3 0:01.99 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd 3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.15 ksoftirqd/0 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 ... Specifically I'm referring to the fact that the CPU usage totals show 0% idle time: Cpu(s): 16.0%us, 79.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 1.3%hi, 3.0%si, 0.0%st Yet when adding up the percentages in the %CPU column I get 25.9%, not 100%!

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• Possible disk IO issue

  - by Tim Meers

  I've been trying to really figure out what my IOPS are on my DB server array and see if it's just too much. The array is four 72.6gb 15k rpm drives in RAID 5. To calculate IOPS for RAID 5 the following formula is used: (reads + (4 * Writes)) / Number of disks = total IOPS. The formula is from MSDN. I also want to calculate the Avg Queue Length but I'm not sure where they are getting the formula from, but i think it reads on that page as avg que length/number of disks = actual queue. To populate that formula I used the perfmon to gather the needed information. I came up with this, under normal production load: (873.982 + (4 * 28.999)) / 4 = 247.495. Also the disk queue lengh of 14.454/4 = 3.614. So to the question, am I wrong in thinking this array has a very high disk IO? Edit I got the chance to review it again this morning under normal/high load. This time with even bigger numbers and IOPS in excess of 600 for about 5 minutes then it died down again. But I also took a look at the Avg sec/Transfer, %Disk Time, and %Idle Time. These number were taken when the reads/writes per sec were only 332.997/17.999 respectively. %Disk Time: 219.436 %Idle Time: 0.300 Avg Disk Queue Length: 2.194 Avg Disk sec/Transfer: 0.006 Pages/sec: 2927.802 % Processor Time: 21.877 Edit (again) Looks like I have that issue solved. Thanks for the help. Also for a pretty slick parser I found this: http://pal.codeplex.com/ It works pretty well for breaking down the data into something usable.

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• Disk (EXT4) suddenly empty without any sign of why

  - by Ohnomydisk

  I have a Ubuntu 10.04 server with several disks in it. The disks are setup with a union filesystem, which presents them all as one logical /home. A few days ago, one of the disks appears to have suddenly 'become empty', for lack of better explanation. The amount of data on the /home mount almost halved within minutes - the disk appears to have had just over 400 GB of data prior to 'becoming empty'. I have absolutely no idea what happened. I was not using the server at the other time, but there are half a dozen other users who may have been (without root access and without the ability to hose a whole disk). I've ran SMART tests on the disk and it comes back clean. The filesystem checks fine (it has 12 GB used now, as some user software continued downloading after the incident). All I know is that around around midnight on October 19, the disk usage changed dramatically: The data points are every 15 minutes, and the full loss occured between captures: 2012-10-18 23:58:03.399647 - has 953.97/2059.07 GB [46.33 percent] 2012-10-19 00:13:15.909010 - has 515.18/2059.07 GB [25.02 percent] Other than that, I have not much to go off :-( I know that: There's nothing interesting in log files at that time Nobody appeared to be logged in via SSH at the time it occured (most users do not even use SSH) The server was online through whatever occured (3 months uptime) None of the other disks were affected and everything else on the server looks completely normal I have tried using "extundelete" on the disk and it didn't really find anything (some temporary files, but they looked new anyway) I am completely at a loss to what could have caused this. I was initially thinking maybe root escalation exploit, but even if someone did maliciously "rm" the disk contents, it would take more than 15 minutes for 400 GB?

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• MegaCli newly created disk doesn't appear under /dev/sdX

  - by Henry-Nicolas Tourneur

  After having successfully added 2 new disks in a new RAID virtual drive (background initialization done), I would have exepected it to appear under /dev/sdh but it's not there (so, unusable). The system is running a CentOS 5.2 64 bits, HAL and udev daemons are running, not records of any sdh apparition under the messsage log file or in dmesg, only MegaCli do see that virtual drive. Any idea ? Some data: [root@server ~]# ./MegaCli -LDInfo -LALL -a0 Adapter 0 -- Virtual Drive Information: Virtual Disk: 0 (target id: 0) Name: RAID Level: Primary-1, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0 Size:139392MB State: Optimal Stripe Size: 64kB Number Of Drives:2 Span Depth:1 Default Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU Current Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU Access Policy: Read/Write Disk Cache Policy: Disk's Default Virtual Disk: 1 (target id: 1) Name: RAID Level: Primary-1, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0 Size:285568MB State: Optimal Stripe Size: 64kB Number Of Drives:2 Span Depth:1 Default Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU Current Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU Access Policy: Read/Write Disk Cache Policy: Disk's Default [root@server ~]# ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-360* lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36001ec90f82fe100108ca0a704098d09 -> ../../sda lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36001ec90f82fe100108ca0a704098d09-part1 -> ../../sda1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36001ec90f82fe100108ca0a704098d09-part2 -> ../../sda2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a028e0fe07e78f94940c0000a0ee -> ../../sdf lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a028e0fe07e78f94940c0000a0ee-part1 -> ../../sdf1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a028e0fe972a3f91240a0000005f -> ../../sdb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a028e0fe972a3f91240a0000005f-part1 -> ../../sdb1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a028e0fea7e18f94640c000020ec -> ../../sde lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a028e0fea7e18f94640c000020ec-part1 -> ../../sde1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a028e0feb7da8f94340c0000203d -> ../../sdd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a028e0feb7da8f94340c0000203d-part1 -> ../../sdd1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a028e0fed7d78f94040c000080b7 -> ../../sdc lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a028e0fed7d78f94040c000080b7-part1 -> ../../sdc1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a05830145e58e0b9c479000010a1 -> ../../sdg lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 17 2010 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36090a05830145e58e0b9c479000010a1-part1 -> ../../sdg1

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• Confirm disk is broken when it passes all diagnostics

  - by Halfgaar

  I have a system with a potentially broken disk, but the disk passes all manner of diagnostics. I have been unable to confirm that the disk is broken. What are my options? I could just replace the disk, but because this situation is very similar to another more severe situation I have (long story), I'd like to actually make a proper diagnosis as opposed to randomly binning hardware. The issue and history is this: I had a Debian Linux PC (500 MHz P3) acting as router, nagios and munin. It crashed every couple of weeks. No logs or dmesg could be obtained (because it's an old Compaq that only boots when you configure it as keyboardless, making connecting a keyboard later, once it's booted, impossible). At the time, I just replaced the computer with another Compaq (P4 2.4 GHz) because I thought the hardware was faulty. However, it still crashed every couple of weeks. the difference is that on this computer, I can still SSH into it. It gives all kinds of errors on hda. I'd like to confirm that the disk is broken, but nothing I do confirms this: SMART error logs shows no errors. Normally when a disk starts acting up, SMART my pass, but it still records a read-error in the error log. SMART self-test (smartctl -t long /dev/sda) completes without errors. re-allocated sector count (a tell-tale parameter) has been 31 all its life, even when the disk was still in use in my desktop PC years ago, and it still is. The figure never changed. dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/null bs=4096 passes with flying colors. What else can I do to assess the health of the drive? Again, this is not about making this router fully functional again, this is a disk forensic question, because it just so happens that I have another server that potentially has the same problem, and knowing the answer to this will possibly help me greatly. For the record, below are logs and such. This is the smartctl -a output: smartctl 5.40 2010-07-12 r3124 [i686-pc-linux-gnu] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.7 and 7200.7 Plus family Device Model: ST3120026A Serial Number: 5JT1CLQM Firmware Version: 3.06 User Capacity: 120,034,123,776 bytes Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: 6 ATA Standard is: ATA/ATAPI-6 T13 1410D revision 2 Local Time is: Mon Jul 1 21:18:33 2013 CEST SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity was completed without error. Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled. Self-test execution status: ( 24) The self-test routine was aborted by the host. Total time to complete Offline data collection: ( 430) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. No Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. No General Purpose Logging support. Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 85) minutes. SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 050 046 006 Pre-fail Always - 47766662 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 097 096 000 Pre-fail Always - 0 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 10 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 31 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 084 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 820305 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 048 048 000 Old_age Always - 46373 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 605 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 036 065 000 Old_age Always - 36 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 050 046 000 Old_age Always - 47766662 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 196 000 Old_age Always - 6 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0 202 Data_Address_Mark_Errs 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0 SMART Error Log Version: 1 No Errors Logged SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Extended offline Aborted by host 80% 46361 - # 2 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 46358 - # 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 12046 - # 4 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 10472 - # 5 Short offline Completed without error 00% 10471 - # 6 Short offline Completed without error 00% 10471 - # 7 Short offline Completed without error 00% 6770 - # 8 Extended offline Aborted by host 90% 5958 - # 9 Extended offline Aborted by host 90% 5951 - #10 Short offline Completed without error 00% 5024 - #11 Extended offline Aborted by host 80% 5024 - #12 Short offline Completed without error 00% 3697 - #13 Short offline Completed without error 00% 237 - #14 Short offline Completed without error 00% 145 - #15 Short offline Completed without error 00% 69 - #16 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 68 - #17 Short offline Completed without error 00% 66 - #18 Short offline Completed without error 00% 49 - #19 Short offline Completed without error 00% 29 - #20 Short offline Completed without error 00% 29 - SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Not_testing 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay. And this is the dmesg error when it has crashed (which repeats for a bunch of different sectors): [1755091.211136] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled error code [1755091.211144] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [1755091.211151] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 08 fe ad 38 00 00 08 00 [1755091.211166] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 150908216

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