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• Scan-Line Z-Buffering Dilemma

  - by Belgin

  I have a set of vertices in 3D space, and for each I retain the following information: Its 3D coordinates (x, y, z). A list of pointers to some of the other vertices with which it's connected by edges. Right now, I'm doing perspective projection with the projecting plane being XY and the eye placed somewhere at (0, 0, d), with d < 0. By doing Z-Buffering, I need to find the depth of the point of a polygon (they're all planar) which corresponds to a certain pixel on the screen so I can hide the surfaces that are not visible. My questions are the following: How do I determine to which polygon does a pixel belong to so I could use the formula of the plane which contains the polygon to find the Z-coordinate? Are my data structures correct? Do I need to store something else entirely in order for this to work? I'm just projecting the vertices onto the projection plane and joining them with lines based on the pointer lists.

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• Implementing traffic conditions in TORCS

  - by user1837811

  I am working on a project about "Effects of Traffic conditions and Track Complexity on Car Driving Behavior". Is it possible to implement traffic in TORCS, or should I use another car simulator? By the word "traffic" I mean there are cars running on both tracks in both directions and I can detect the distances, direction and speed of these cars. Depending on this information I can decide whether I should slow down, speed up and calculate the correct timing to overtake.

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• How to ignore collision between two objects

  - by eren_trigger

  I have a player that shoots in the direction that it is facing. However, the shot that is created when I click, also destroys the player. How would I make the shot ignore collision with the player? Or better yet, how to make a shot destroy anything it touches and destroy itself without affecting the player? This is the code that controls collisions: function OnTriggerEnter (col : Collider) { Destroy(col.gameObject); } The shot is a trigger, but the player isn't. Not sure if this changes anything in this case. Thanks in advance. EDIT: http://gfycat.com/TediousAridFeline

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• Handling buildings in isometric tile based games

  - by MustSeeMelons

  A simple question, to which i couldn't find a definitive answer - how to manage buildings on a tiled map? Should the building be sliced in to tiles or one big image? EDIT: The game is being built from scratch using C++/SDL 2.0, it will be a turn based strategy, something like Fallout 1 & 2 without the hex grid, a simple square grid, where the Y axis is squished by 50%. Buildings can span multiple tiles, the characters move tile by tile. For now, the terrain is completely flat. Some basic functionality is in place, so I'm aiming to advancing the terrain and levels them selves - adding buildings, gates, cliffs, not sure about the elevation.

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• How to tell what part of a 3D cube was touched

  - by user2539517

  I am writing a rather simple android game and I am implementing Open GL to draw a 3D cube that spins upon the X, Y and Z axis and I need to know where the user has clicked on the texture of the cube. The texture is a simple square bitmap (100x100) that has a smaller square in the center. I need to know if the user touches the inner square. As well was tell which face of the cube the user touches. Does anyone know how this can be accomplished if not can anyone give some pseudo code on how to tell where the ray correlates to the texture? Or at least point me in the right direction. The textures of each face are like this: The code I am using is from: http://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/android/Android_3D.html2.9 It is a port to android from Lesson 6 NeHe. Example 6a: Photo-Cube

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• How to detect a touch on transparent area of an image in a (libgdx) stage?

  - by Usman

  Can some one please help to detect a touch on an image which I am using as an actor in a stage. The image is actually a long diagnol brush which has plenty of transparent area. The problem is when I touche the transparent area of the brush image it is also triggering the clicklistener of the image. I need the click listener should only be called when the finger actually touched the visible image not the area which is empty. I am using libgdx-0.9.4 libraries. Here is my simple piece of code. import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.ui.Image; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.ui.ClickListener; Image brushImg = new Image(ImageCache.getTexture("brush")); brushImg.width = mStage.width()*0.75f; brushImg.height = mStage.height()*0.75f; brushImg.setClickListener(new ClickListener() { @Override public void click(Actor actor, float x, float y) { SoundFactory.play("brush"); }

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• what knowledge would I need to make a good simulation games

  - by Skeith

  I have an idea for a game like theme park but don't know how simulation games are made. I am not some noob on his first game so I appreciated constructive answers instead of "its hard, don't do it". What I want is to know how simulation game mechanics are put together. I figure it would be heaver on the AI than normal games and not knowing much about AI would like to know some programming techniques I should look into for this style game. specific techniques please not just a book on ai. what sort of architecture would be used? I guess it would have some sort of probability engine with pre designed events that are triggered based on the AI state. Would it use a FSM or be purely event driven ? Any information on how a sims game functions would be cool.

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• How game characters are made?

  - by Ahmed

  I'm new here. I would like to know how game characters are made that are movable? What kind of software and engines are used for these characters? I will be working with my friends on our final year project. Our game will be FPS and I have to draw some animations for FPS view and other enemy character that can be programmed easily to make a good game. Sorry if my questions seems dumb, but if you need more explanation i'm always here to discuss Thanks in advance

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• Cube chunk via list ToArray()

  - by Christian Frantz

  I've created a list of vertices that I call for each cube made in my array "cubes". When each cube is create, SetUpVertices is called which is a method that stores the 8 vertices of my cube. At the end of my list creation, I create a vertex buffer, and set the data of the list that contains vertices of all 25 cubes to that vertex buffer, effectively creating a "chunk" of cubes. The problem is that Invalid Operation Exception "The array is not the correct size for the amount of data requested." at the line vertices.ToArray(). I don't have an array for this, as the amount of cubes will be changing and arrays aren't dynamic. What could be the cause of this? for (int x = 0; x < 5; x++) { for (int z = 0; z < 5; z++) { SetUpVertices(); cubes.Add(new Cube(device, new Vector3(x, map[x, z], z), color)); } } vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(device, typeof(VertexPositionColor), 8, BufferUsage.WriteOnly); vertexBuffer.SetData<VertexPositionColor>(vertices.ToArray());

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• Is it safe to set FPS rate to a constant?

  - by Ozan

  I learned from game class that in update function, every movements must be time dependent for the sake of linearity in movement. We made a simple game. Every move like going left, right or jump is written time dependent. But, in some other computers, our game is worked very differently. For example, our character jumps higher than it should be. I guess this is because each computer has different FPS rate according to its specification. My question is that what should we do to make this game work in same way in every computer? Setting FPS rate to a constant is a solution?

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• Binding BoundingSpheres to a world matrix in XNA

  - by NDraskovic

  I made a program that loads the locations of items on the scene from a file like this: using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(OpenFileDialog1.FileName)) { String line; while ((line = sr.ReadLine()) != null) { red = line.Split(','); model = row[0]; x = row[1]; y = row[2]; z = row[3]; elements.Add(Convert.ToInt32(model)); data.Add(new Vector3(Convert.ToSingle(x), Convert.ToSingle(y), Convert.ToSingle(z))); sfepheres.Add(new BoundingSphere(new Vector3(Convert.ToSingle(x), Convert.ToSingle(y), Convert.ToSingle(z)), 1f)); } I also have a list of BoundingSpheres (called spheres) that adds a new bounding sphere for each line from the file. In this program I have one item (a simple box) that moves (it has its world matrix called matrixBox), and other items are static entire time (there is a world matrix that holds those elements called simply world). The problem i that when I move the box, bounding spheres move with it. So how can I bind all BoundingSpheres (except the one corresponding to the box) to the static world matrix so that they stay in their place when the box moves?

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• How are larger games organized?

  - by Matthew G.

  I'm using Java, but the language I'm using here is probably irrelevant. I'd like to create an economy based on an ancient civilization. I'm not sure how to design it. If I were working on a smaller game, like a copy of "Space Invaders", I'd have no problem structuring it like this. Game -Main Control Class --Graphics Class --Player Class --Enemy class I'd pass the graphics class to both the player and enemy class so they could call graphics functions. I don't understand how I'd do this for larger projects. Do I create a country class that contains a bunch of towns? Do the towns contain a lot building class, most contain classes of people? Do I make a path finding class that the player can access to get around? How exactly do I structure this and pass all these references around? Thanks.

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• LibGDX - Textures rendering at wrong position

  - by ACluelessGuy

  Update 2: Let me further explain my problem since I think that i didn't make it clear enough: The Y-coordinates on the bottom of my screen should be 0. Instead it is the height of my screen. That means the "higher" i touch/click the screen the less my y-coordinate gets. Above that the origin is not inside my screen, atleast not the 0 y-coordinate. Original post: I'm currently developing a tower defence game for fun by using LibGDX. There are places on my map where the player is or is not allowed to put towers on. So I created different ArrayLists holding rectangles representing a tile on my map. (towerPositions) for(int i = 0; i < map.getLayers().getCount(); i++) { curLay = (TiledMapTileLayer) map.getLayers().get(i); //For all Cells of current Layer for(int k = 0; k < curLay.getWidth(); k++) { for(int j = 0; j < curLay.getHeight(); j++) { curCell = curLay.getCell(k, j); //If there is a actual cell if(curCell != null) { tileWidth = curLay.getTileWidth(); tileHeight = curLay.getTileHeight(); xTileKoord = tileWidth*k; yTileKoord = tileHeight*j; switch(curLay.getName()) { //If layer named "TowersAllowed" picked case "TowersAllowed": towerPositions.add(new Rectangle(xTileKoord, yTileKoord, tileWidth, tileHeight)); // ... AND SO ON If the player clicks on a "allowed" field later on he has the opportunity to build a tower of his coice via a menu. Now here is the problem: The towers render, but they render at wrong position. (They appear really random on the map, no certain pattern for me) for(Rectangle curRect : towerPositions) { if(curRect.contains(xCoord, yCoord)) { //Using a certain tower in this example (left the menu out if(gameControl.createTower("towerXY")) { //RenderObject is just a class holding the Texture and x/y coordinates renderList.add(new RenderObject(new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("TowerXY.png")), curRect.x, curRect.y)); } } } Later on i render it: game.batch.begin(); for(int i = 0; i < renderList.size() ; i++) { game.batch.draw(renderList.get(i).myTexture, renderList.get(i).x, renderList.get(i).y); } game.batch.end(); regards

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• A* algorithm very slow

  - by Amaranth

  I have an programming a RTS game (I use XNA with C#). The pathfinding is working fine, except that when it has a lot of node to search in, there is a lag period of one or two seconds, it happens mainly when there is no path to the target destination, since it that situation there is more nodes to explore. I have the same problem when the path is shorter but selected more than 3 units (can't take the same path since the selected units can be in different part of the map). private List<NodeInfo> FindPath(Unit u, NodeInfo start, NodeInfo end) { Map map = GameInfo.GetInstance().GameMap; _nearestToTarget = start; start.MoveCost = 0; Vector2 endPosition = map.getTileByPos(end.X, end.Y).Position; //getTileByPos simply gets the tile in a 2D array with the X and Y indexes start.EstimatedRemainingCost = (int)(endPosition - map.getTileByPos(start.X, start.Y).Position).Length(); start.Parent = null; List<NodeInfo> openedNodes = new List<NodeInfo>(); ; List<NodeInfo> closedNodes = new List<NodeInfo>(); Point[] movements = GetMovements(u.UnitType); openedNodes.Add(start); while (!closedNodes.Contains(end) && openedNodes.Count > 0) { //Loop in nodes to find lowest cost NodeInfo currentNode = FindLowestCostOpenedNode(openedNodes); openedNodes.Remove(currentNode); closedNodes.Add(currentNode); Vector2 previousMouvement; if (currentNode.Parent == null) { previousMouvement = ConvertRotationToDirectionVector(u.Rotation); } else { previousMouvement = map.getTileByPos(currentNode.X, currentNode.Y).Position - map.getTileByPos(currentNode.Parent.X, currentNode.Parent.Y).Position; previousMouvement.Normalize(); } //For each neighbor foreach (Point movement in movements) { Point exploredGridPos = new Point(currentNode.X + movement.X, currentNode.Y + movement.Y); //Checks if valid move and checks if not if closed nodes list if (ValidNavigableNode(u.UnitType, new Point(currentNode.X, currentNode.Y), exploredGridPos) && !closedNodes.Contains(_gridMap[exploredGridPos.Y, exploredGridPos.X])) { NodeInfo exploredNode = _gridMap[exploredGridPos.Y, exploredGridPos.X]; Tile.TileType exploredTerrain = map.getTileByPos(exploredGridPos.X, exploredGridPos.Y).TerrainType; if(openedNodes.Contains(exploredNode)) { int newCost = currentNode.MoveCost + GetMoveCost(previousMouvement, movement, exploredTerrain); if (newCost < exploredNode.MoveCost) { exploredNode.Parent = currentNode; exploredNode.MoveCost = newCost; //Find nearest tile to the target (in case doesn't find path to target) //Only compares the node to the current nearest FindNearest(exploredNode); } } else { exploredNode.Parent = currentNode; exploredNode.MoveCost = currentNode.MoveCost + GetMoveCost(previousMouvement, movement, exploredTerrain); Vector2 exploredNodeWorldPos = map.getTileByPos(exploredGridPos.X, exploredGridPos.Y).Position; exploredNode.EstimatedRemainingCost = (int)(endPosition - exploredNodeWorldPos).Length(); //Find nearest tile to the target (in case doesn't find path to target) //Only compares the node to the current nearest FindNearest(exploredNode); openedNodes.Add(exploredNode); } } } } return closedNodes; } After that, I simply check if the end node is contained in the returned nodes. If so, I add the end node and each parent until I reach the start. If not, I add the nearestToTarget and each parent until I reach the start. I added a condition before calling FindPath so that only one unit can call a find path each frame (60 frame per second), but it makes no difference. I thought maybe I could solve this by allowing the find path to run in background while the game continues to run correctly, even if it takes a few frame (it is currently sequential sonce it is called in the update() of the unit if there's a target location but no path), but I don't really know how... I also though about sorting my opened nodes list by cost so I don't have to loop them, but I don't know if that would have an effect on the performance... Would there be other solutions? P.S. In the code, when I get the Move Cost, I check if the unit has to turn to perform the move, and the terrain type, nothing hard to do.

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• OpenGL ES multiple objects not being rendered

  - by ladiesMan217

  I am doing the following to render multiple balls move around the screen but only 1 ball is seen to appear and function. I don't know why the rest (count-1) balls are not being drawn public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER); gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW); gl.glClientActiveTexture(DRAWING_CACHE_QUALITY_HIGH); gl.glLoadIdentity(); for(int i=0;i<mParticleSystem.getParticleCount();i++){ gl.glPushMatrix(); gl.glTranslatef(mParticleSystem.getPosX(i), mParticleSystem.getPosY(i), -3.0f); gl.glScalef(0.3f, 0.3f, 0.3f); gl.glColor4f(r.nextFloat(), r.nextFloat(), r.nextFloat(), 1); gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D); mParticleSystem.getBall(i).draw(gl); gl.glPopMatrix(); } } Here is my void draw(GL10 gl) method public void draw(GL10 gl){ gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE); gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_SMOOTH); gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST); // gl.glTranslatef(0.2f, 0.2f, -3.0f); // gl.glScalef(size, size, 1.0f); gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, vertBuff); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, points/2); gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); }

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• best programming language for a web based game?

  - by Adam Geisweit

  what programming language would be best for making a web based game to be played in a browser, and where would i be able to find tutorials on how to use the language? i have looked up silverlight in xna (because that was what i was most fluent with), but it made my projects unusable for a month until i got all of silverlight off my computer. i have looked at java and javascript, but i have found no suitable places where i can learn to create games on either of these, just the basics of the language. does anyone have any advice on this?

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• Wall jumping collision detection anomaly

  - by Nanor

  I'm creating a game where the player ascends a tower by wall jumping his way to the top. When the player has collided with the right wall they can only jump left and vice versa. Here is my current implementation: if(wallCollision() == "left"){ player.setPosX(0); player.setVelX(0); ignoreCollisions = true; player.setCanJump(true); player.setFacingLeft(false); } else if (wallCollision() == "right"){ player.setPosX(screenWidth-playerWidth*2); player.setVelX(0); ignoreCollisions = true; player.setCanJump(true); player.setFacingLeft(true); } else{ player.setVelY(player.getVelY() + gravity); } and private String wallCollision(){ if(player.getPosX() < playerWidth && !ignoreCollisions) return "left"; else if(player.getPosX() > screenWidth - playerWidth*2 && !ignoreCollisions) return "right"; else{ timeToJump += Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); if(timeToJump > 0.50f){ timeToJump = 0; ignoreCollisions = false; } return "jumping"; } } If the player is colliding with the left wall it will switch between the states left and jumping repeatedly due to the varible ignoreCollisions being switched repeatedly in collision checks. This will give a chance to either jump as intended or simply ascend vertically instead of diagonally. I can't figure out an implementation that will reliably make sure the player jumps as intended. Does anyone have any pointers?

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• Getting a mirrored mesh from my data structure

  - by Steve

  Here's the background: I'm in the beginning stages of an RTS game in Unity. I have a procedurally generated terrain with a perlin-noise height map, as well as a function to generate a river. The problem is that the graphical creation of the map is taking the data structure of the map and rotating it by 180 degrees. I noticed this problem when I was creating my rivers. I would set the River's height to flat, and noticed that the actual tiles that were flat in the graphical representation were flipped and mirrored. Here's 3 screenshots of the map from different angles: http://imgur.com/a/VLHHq As you can see, if you flipped (graphically) the river by 180 degrees on the z axis, it would fit where the terrain is flattened. I have a suspicion it is being caused by a misunderstanding on my part of how vertices work. Alas, here is a snippet of the code that is used: This code here creates a new array of Tile objects, which hold the information for each tile, including its type, coordinate, height, and it's 4 vertices public DTileMap (int size_x, int size_y) { this.size_x = size_x; this.size_y = size_y; //Initialize Map_Data Array of Tile Objects map_data = new Tile[size_x, size_y]; for (int j = 0; j < size_y; j++) { for (int i = 0; i < size_x; i++) { map_data [i, j] = new Tile (); map_data[i,j].coordinate.x = (int)i; map_data[i,j].coordinate.y = (int)j; map_data[i,j].vertices[0] = new Vector3 (i * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -j * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[1] = new Vector3 ((i+1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[2] = new Vector3 (i * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j-1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[3] = new Vector3 ((i+1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j-1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); } } This code sets the river tiles to height 0 foreach (Tile t in map_data) { if (t.realType == "Water") { t.vertices[0].y = 0f; t.vertices[1].y = 0f; t.vertices[2].y = 0f; t.vertices[3].y = 0f; } } And below is the code to generate the actual graphics from the data: public void BuildMesh () { DTileMap.DTileMap map = new DTileMap.DTileMap (size_x, size_z); int numTiles = size_x * size_z; int numTris = numTiles * 2; int vsize_x = size_x + 1; int vsize_z = size_z + 1; int numVerts = vsize_x * vsize_z; // Generate the mesh data Vector3[] vertices = new Vector3[ numVerts ]; Vector3[] normals = new Vector3[numVerts]; Vector2[] uv = new Vector2[numVerts]; int[] triangles = new int[ numTris * 3 ]; int x, z; for (z=0; z < vsize_z; z++) { for (x=0; x < vsize_x; x++) { normals [z * vsize_x + x] = Vector3.up; uv [z * vsize_x + x] = new Vector2 ((float)x / size_x, 1f - (float)z / size_z); } } for (z=0; z < vsize_z; z+=1) { for (x=0; x < vsize_x; x+=1) { if (x == vsize_x - 1 && z == vsize_z - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x - 1, z - 1].vertices [3]; } else if (z == vsize_z - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z - 1].vertices [2]; } else if (x == vsize_x - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x - 1, z].vertices [1]; } else { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [0]; vertices [z * vsize_x + x+1] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [1]; vertices [(z+1) * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [2]; vertices [(z+1) * vsize_x + x+1] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [3]; } } } } for (z=0; z < size_z; z++) { for (x=0; x < size_x; x++) { int squareIndex = z * size_x + x; int triOffset = squareIndex * 6; triangles [triOffset + 0] = z * vsize_x + x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 2] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 1] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 1; triangles [triOffset + 3] = z * vsize_x + x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 5] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 1; triangles [triOffset + 4] = z * vsize_x + x + 1; } } // Create a new Mesh and populate with the data Mesh mesh = new Mesh (); mesh.vertices = vertices; mesh.triangles = triangles; mesh.normals = normals; mesh.uv = uv; // Assign our mesh to our filter/renderer/collider MeshFilter mesh_filter = GetComponent<MeshFilter> (); MeshCollider mesh_collider = GetComponent<MeshCollider> (); mesh_filter.mesh = mesh; mesh_collider.sharedMesh = mesh; calculateMeshTangents (mesh); BuildTexture (map); } If this looks familiar to you, its because i got most of it from Quill18. I've been slowly adapting it for my uses. And please include any suggestions you have for my code. I'm still in the very early prototyping stage.

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• How to split a string with negative numbers using ActionScript 3.0

  - by inzombiak

  I'm having trouble loading my level. I'm using Ogmo to create my level then I import it. I have no problem converting 0's and 1's into an Array, but I can't figure out how to do the same for -1's. It separates the "-" and the "1". Any help would be great. I've posted my code and the XML files below levelXML = new XML(e.target.data); playerX = int(levelXML.Entities.Player.@x); playerY = int(levelXML.Entities.Player.@y); levelGrid = levelXML.Grid; levelGrid = levelGrid.split("\n").join(""); levelTiles = levelXML.Tiles; levelTiles = levelTiles.split("\n").join(""); levelTiles = levelTiles.split(",").join(""); tileArray = levelTiles.split(""); gridArray = levelGrid.split(""); for(i = 0; i <= 34; i++) { levelArray[i] = new Array(); for(j = 0; j <= 34; j++) { if(tileArray[j*35 + i] == 0) { gridArray[j*35+i] = -1; } var currentSymbol = gridArray[j*35+i]; levelArray[i][j] = currentSymbol; if(gridArray[j*35 + i] == 1) { wall = new Wall; addChild(wall); wall.x = i*20 + 10; wall.y = j*20 + 10; } else if(gridArray[j*35 + i] == -1) { pellet = new Pellet; addChild(pellet); pellet.x = i*20 + 10; pellet.y = j*20 + 10; } } } I know the code is very dirty, but I needed a quick fix. Grid exportMode="Bitstring" 11111111111111111111111111111111111 10000000000000000011000000000000001 10000000000000000011000000000000001 10011111001111110011001111110011001 10011111001111110011001111110011001 10011111001111110011001111110011001 10000000000000000000000000000000001 10000000000000000000000000000000001 10011111001100111111100110011111001 10011111001100000100000110011111001 10000000001100000100000110000000001 10000000001111100100111110000000001 11111111001111100100111110011111111 00000001001111100100111110010000000 00000001001100000000000110010000000 11111111001100000000000110011111111 00000000000000111111100000000000000 00000000000000100000100000000000000 11111111001100100000100110011111111 00000001001100111111100110010000000 00000001001100000000000110010000000 11111111001100111111100110011111111 10000000000000000100000000000000001 10000000000000000100000000000000001 10011111001111100100111110011111001 10000011000000000000000000011000001 10000011000000000000000000011000001 11110011001100111111100110011001111 11110011001100111111100110011001111 10000000001100000100000110000000001 10000000001100000100000110000000001 10011111111111100100111111111111001 10000000000000000000000000000000001 10000000000000000000000000000000001 11111111111111111111111111111111111 Tiles tileset="Tiles" exportMode="CSV"-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1 -1,-1,-1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1

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• What library for octrees or kd-trees?

  - by Will

  Are there any robust performant libraries for indexing objects? It would need frustum culling and visiting objects hit by a ray as well as neighbourhood searches. I can find lots of articles showing the math for the component parts, often as algebra rather than simple C, but nothing that puts it all together (apart from perhaps Ogre, which has rather more involved and isn't so stand-alone). Surely hobby game makers don't all have to make their own octrees? (Python or C/C++ w/bindings preferred)

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• What are good ways to find collaborators for a coding weekend?

  - by tarrasch

  Not sure if this belongs here, feel free to push it somewhere else if needed. When i was at university we would sometimes come together into a room full of beer and fast food and crank out software in a weekend. Unfortunately the group has kind of split up and its just not possible any more. My question is now: Where can i find like-minded people on the Internet that would like to do something like this? I have an idea what i wanted to do next, but of course other people have ideas too.

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• Best practice for organizing/storing character/monster data in an RPG?

  - by eclecto

  Synopsis: Attempting to build a cross-platform RPG app in Adobe Flash Builder and am trying to figure out the best class hierarchy and the best way to store the static data used to build each of the individual "hero" and "monster" types. My programming experience, particularly in AS3, is embarrassingly small. My ultra-alpha method is to include a "_class" object in the constructor for each instance. The _class, in turn, is a static Object pulled from a class created specifically for that purpose, so things look something like this: // Character.as package { public class Character extends Sprite { public var _strength:int; // etc. public function Character(_class:Object) { _strength = _class._strength; // etc. } } } // MonsterClasses.as package { public final class MonsterClasses extends Object { public static const Monster1:Object={ _strength:50, // etc. } // etc. } } // Some other class in which characters/monsters are created. // Create a new instance of Character var myMonster = new Character(MonsterClasses.Monster1); Another option I've toyed with is the idea of making each character class/monster type its own subclass of Character, but I'm not sure if it would be efficient or even make sense considering that these classes would only be used to store variables and would add no new methods. On the other hand, it would make creating instances as simple as var myMonster = new Monster1; and potentially cut down on the overhead of having to read a class containing the data for, at a conservative preliminary estimate, over 150 monsters just to fish out the one monster I want (assuming, and I really have no idea, that such a thing might cause any kind of slowdown in execution). But long story short, I want a system that's both efficient at compile time and easy to work with during coding. Should I stick with what I've got or try a different method? As a subquestion, I'm also assuming here that the best way to store data that will be bundled with the final game and not read externally is simply to declare everything in AS3. Seems to me that if I used, say, XML or JSON I'd have to use the associated AS3 classes and methods to pull in the data, parse it, and convert it to AS3 object(s) anyway, so it would be inefficient. Right?

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• Crash due to removal of Elements like CCSprite from NSMutableArray

  - by mayuur

  So, here's how it goes. I am currently working on Cocos2d game, which consists of many Obstacles. One obstacle gets added on the screen at an interval of 10 seconds like this. ObstacleSprite* newObstacle = [ObstacleSprite spriteWithFile:@"Obstacle.png" rect:CGRectMake(0, 0, 20, 20)]; newObstacle.position = ccp(mainPlayer1.position.x,10); [self addChild:newObstacle]; [self.arrayForObstacles addObject:newObstacle]; Now, I insert these obstacles into the arrayForObstacles because I also want to keep checking whether the Obstacles and MainPlayer don't collide. I check it with the help of this function. - (void) checkCollisionWithObstacle { if(mainPlayer1.playerActive) { for(int i = 0; i < [self.arrayForObstacles count]; i++) { ObstacleSprite* newObstacle = [self.arrayForObstacles objectAtIndex:i]; if(newObstacle != nil) { if(CGRectIntersectsRect([mainPlayer1 boundingBox], [newObstacle boundingBox])) { mainPlayer1.livesLeft--; } } } } } THE ISSUE Problem is when I get to certain score, one of the Obstacles gets deleted. Removal of Obstacles works as in First In-First Out (FIFO) mode. So, to delete obstacles, I write the following method : - (void) keepUpdatingScore { //update new score mainPlayer1.score+=10; //remove obstacle when score increases by 5k if(mainPlayer1.score > 5000 && mainPlayer1.score > 0) { mainPlayer1.playerActive = NO; if([self.arrayForObstacles count] > 0) { CCLOG(@"count is %d",[self.arrayForObstacles count]); ObstacleSprite* newObstacle = [self.arrayForObstacles objectAtIndex:0]; [self.arrayForObstacles removeObjectAtIndex:0]; [self removeChild:newObstacle cleanup:YES]; CCLOG(@"count is %d",[self.arrayForObstacles count]); } } else { } } It crashes when score crosses 5000 mark! UPDATE Crash happens when it again goes to the method checkCollisionWithObstacle. This is the THREAD Look. THis is the line Which crashes.

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• What are my tool options to prototype a 2D multiplayer game?

  - by Asher Einhorn

  I'm looking for the best tool to allow me to quickly put together a 2D game that relies largely on networking. It's extremely likely that this game will require a server side program to constantly run. I have little experience with these things and since it's a prototype i'd like the easiest options for achieving this. I am looking to make this game for the web and mobile devices, although at present I only have access to ios hardware, (no android etc). I just want to get the bare bones of this set up so I can test it from the earliest opportunity to see if it's fun.

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• Can i change the order of these OpenGL / Win32 calls?

  - by Adam Naylor

  I've been adapting the NeHe ogl/win32 code to be more object orientated and I don't like the way some of the calls are structured. The example has the following pseudo structure: Register window class Change display settings with a DEVMODE Adjust window rect Create window Get DC Find closest matching pixel format Set the pixel format to closest match Create rendering context Make that context current Show the window Set it to foreground Set it to having focus Resize the GL scene Init GL The points in bold are what I want to move into a rendering class (the rest are what I see being pure win32 calls) but I'm not sure if I can call them after the win32 calls. Essentially what I'm aiming for is to encapsulate the Win32 calls into a Platform::Initiate() type method and the rest into a sort of Renderer::Initiate() method. So my question essentially boils down to: "Would OpenGL allow these methods to be called in this order?" Register window class Adjust window rect Create window Get DC Show the window Set it to foreground Set it to having focus Change display settings with a DEVMODE Find closest matching pixel format Set the pixel format to closest match Create rendering context Make that context current Resize the GL scene Init GL (obviously passing through the appropriate window handles and device contexts.) Thanks in advance.

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