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• IPv6 Addresses causing Exchange Relay whitelists to fail

  - by makerofthings7

  Several of our new Exchange servers are failing to relay messages because it is communicating over IPv6 and not matching any receive connector I previously set up. I'm not sure how we are using IP6 since we only have a IPv4 network and we are routing across subnets. I discovered this by typing helo in from the source to the server that is confused by my IP6 address. I saw the IPv6 message and the custom message I gave this receive connector. (connectors with more permission have a different helo) 220 HUB01 client helo asdf 250 HUB01.nfp.com Hello [fe80::cd8:6087:7b1e:99d4%11] More info about my environment: I have two dedicated Exchange forests each with a distinct purpose. They have no trust and only communicate by SMTP. They both share the same DNS infrastructure via stub zones. What are my options? This is my guess, but I'm no IPv6 expert so I don't know which one is the best option Disable IPv6 Add the IPv6 address to the whitelist (isn't that IP dynamic?) Tell Exchange to use IPv4 instead Figure out why we are using IPv6 instead of IP4

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• LAMP Setup, PHP's session_start permission denied

  - by Andrew

  I'm trying to set up a development environment for a legacy system that runs CentOS 4.8, PHP 4.3.9, and MySQL 4.1.22. I'm matching OS and software versions to keep the development server as close to the production server as possible. When I fire up PHPMyAdmin's setup script (version 2.11.10.1, of course) the installation errors out and I see these errors in my error log: [client 172.18.141.74] PHP Warning: session_start(): open(/var/lib/php/session/sess_b5b90f86bd3dcfad315ff24cb7483a79, O_RDWR) failed: Permission denied (13) in /home/www/intranet/phpmyadmin/libraries/session.inc.php on line 87 [client 172.18.141.74] PHP Warning: Unknown(): open(/var/lib/php/session/sess_b5b90f86bd3dcfad315ff24cb7483a79, O_RDWR) failed: Permission denied (13) in Unknown on line 0 [client 172.18.141.74] PHP Warning: Unknown(): Failed to write session data (files). Please verify that the current setting of session.save_path is correct (/var/lib/php/session) in Unknown on line 0 I've done some searching on ServerFault and on teh Googles and I see that a common reason for this error is that the session.save_path isn't writable by the www user. I also found where in /etc/php.ini this URL is set: session.save_path. My session.save_path is set to: session.save_path = /var/lib/php/session I've since changed the owner and the group of /var/lib/php/session and still have the same error. Here's the result of ls -la for /var/lib/php [root@localhost php]# ls -la total 24 drwxrwxr-x 3 www www 4096 Oct 23 20:21 . drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4096 Oct 23 20:31 .. drwxrwx--- 2 www www 4096 Jun 1 2009 session ...But I'm still getting the same error. Is there another possibility for why I'm getting this error?

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• On Windows machines, what is the typical toolchain for remote maintenance?

  - by Hanno Fietz

  I need to deploy PHP and Python code and the appropriate environment (web server, db server) to remote Windows systems, and I don't know what toolchain would be the equivalent to ssh, scp, bash and the like. So, basically, what I need to be able to do is the following: access remote Windows with the appropriate privileges in a secure manner, like I routinely do with ssh (I don't even know whether that would be a text or graphic interface on Windows). remotely install software: Apache or IIS, MySQL or Postgres, Python or PHP copy files from remote (the application we're deploying) remotely configure the machine to run regular tasks (e. g. checking for updates to the application) automate tasks like downloading files from a designated place The main question is probably how I get onto the machine securely in the first place, and then the rest is general Windows admin knowledge, which probably is too broad a scope to fit into one question. I have years of experience with maintaining Linux boxes and I have used tools of varying sophistication on those, ranging from plain scping of PHP files to deployment of Java application containers and even full VMs with Vagrant. On Windows, I'm a complete noob, and I don't even know where to start. I have installed Apache, MySQL , PHP on a desktop machine maybe twice in my life, that's about it. Bonus points for things that work from a Linux machine at my end, but I could run a VM and do everything from there.

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• Block users from Social networking websites while firewall is down

  - by SuperFurryToad

  We currently have a SonicWall firewall, which does a pretty good job a blocking Social networking websites like Facebook and Bebo. The problem we are having is that sometimes we need to temporarily disable our firewall blocklist so we can update our company's page on Facebook for example. Whenever we do this, have see an avalanche of users logging on to their Facebook pages during work time. So what we need a way to block access while the firewall is down. For the sake of argument, we have two groups of users - "management" and "standard users". "standard users" would have no access to Facebook, but "management" users would have access. Perhaps something like a host file redirect for non-management users. This could probably be enforced via group policy that would call a bat file to copy down the host file, depending if the user was management or not. I'm keen to hear any suggestions for what the best practice would be for this in a Windows/AD environment. Yes, I know what we're doing here is trying to solve a HR problem using IT. But this is the way management wants it and we have a lot of semi-autonomous branch offices that we don't have a lot of day to day contact with, so an automated way of enforcing this would be the most preferable method.

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• Configuring a MySQL 5.1 Instance on Windows 7 Professional x64 Fails

  - by Thomas Owens

  I'm trying to set up my laptops to function as mobile development environments. Installing the software on my Linux machine and getting it configured was fairly straightforward, however I'm having trouble getting MySQL 5.1 Server installed and configured on Windows 7 Professional 64-bit. I'm currently using the Windows MSI Installer for the complete MySQL 5.1 system (as opposed to the Essentials installer also available). I've tried to install using both the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of MySQL 5.1 - the same events occur in both. I've installed both the Server Instance Configuration Wizard and Workbench and everything appears to be installed just fine. When I open the Instance Configuration Wizard, I select Detailed Configuration. On the next screen, I select Development Environment, then Multifunctional Database on the next screen. I leave the InnoDB settings unchanged. I select Manual Setting with 5 concurrent connections. I enable TCP/IP Networking on Port 3306 and Enable Strict Mode. I select the Standard Character Set. I check the boxes for Install as a Windows Service (and provide the name "MySQL") and Include the Bin Directory in Windows PATH. On the next screen, I set my root user name and password. I do not enable root access from remote machines and I also do not create an anonymous account. On the final screen of the wizard, when I click "Execute", the first two tasks (Prepare Configuration and Write Configuration File) complete. However, when it reaches Start Service, the wizard hangs and becomes unresponsive ("Not Responding" appears in the title bar and Task Manager). I would really like to be able to use both my Windows and Linux laptops as full-blown mobile development environments, but I can't do that without being able to run MySQL. Has anyone encountered this problem before? What options do I have to correct it?

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• How configure 2 Lan cards in Windows 7/8 pc one to connect to Internet and other to Local Network

  - by Maharshi Raval

      I am about to install a dedicated VOIP server in our office. It is a 3CX pbx system on Windows 7/8 machine. The environment currently is a Windows SBS 2011 with 8 client machines. I want to use a dedicated broadband connection for the PBX (3CX) box, but the box also needs to be accessible in the local network as we will be using IP Phones and software IP phones. How configure two network cards on PBX box, so that one will be always used to connect to our SIP host over the Internet and the other will be connected to local network accessible from other client pc to connect to the pbx system. It must be noted that currently the Windows SBS 2011 acts as the Primary Domain Controller and gateway for all the client machines.     I cannot use a load balancer as it will conflict and cause issues within the current setup of our SBS2011 as it is also our Exchange Server. Any input is much appreciated. thanks in advance

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• How configure 2 Lan cards in Windows 7/8 pc one to connect to Internet and other to Local Network

  - by Maharshi Raval

      I am about to install a dedicated VOIP server in our office. It is a 3CX pbx system on Windows 7/8 machine. The environment currently is a Windows SBS 2011 with 8 client machines. I want to use a dedicated broadband connection for the PBX (3CX) box, but the box also needs to be accessible in the local network as we will be using IP Phones and software IP phones. How configure two network cards on PBX box, so that one will be always used to connect to our SIP host over the Internet and the other will be connected to local network accessible from other client pc to connect to the pbx system. It must be noted that currently the Windows SBS 2011 acts as the Primary Domain Controller and gateway for all the client machines.     I cannot use a load balancer as it will conflict and cause issues within the current setup of our SBS2011 as it is also our Exchange Server. Any input is much appreciated. thanks in advance

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• Virtualize SBS 2003 - P2V vs migrating to new VM

  - by jlehtinen

  I need to virtualize a SBS 2003 server in my work environment. I need some tips on what people think is the best way to proceed. Background: The SBS 2003 server is the primary DC for the domain and also hosts FTP, RRAS(VPN), DNS, and file shares. Exchange is NOT used, neither is SQL server. DHCP is done via a firewall appliance. I have added a Server 2003 VM to the domain and promoted it to the DC role. AD/DNS is replicating here correctly. This was mainly done to provide fault-tolerance to the domain, I was not intending to make this VM the primary DC. I've already asked about buying upgraded licensing for Server 2008/2012 but was refused due to cost. Options: I see (at least) two routes I could take to complete this. From what I've read option 2 is the "preferred" method, but there's a few steps where I'm not clear on what to expect. Option 1.) P2V the primary DC Power off primary DC Power off secondary DC (to prevent USN rollback in case P2V has issue) P2V (cold clone) primary DC Boot new PDC VM Allow new hardware to detect Remove old NIC hardware from device manager Assign old IPs to new virtual NICs Reboot PDC VM, confirm connectivity and no major issues Power on secondary DC, confirm replication Option 2.) Create new VM, transfer roles, remove original DC from domain Create new VM, install SBS 2003 Do I need the original SBS install discs for this? MS migration doc mentions this. Add VM to domain, promote to DC role Does this start 7 day timer where two SBS servers can be in same domain? Set up RRAS on new VM Set up IIS/FTP on new VM Move file shares to new VM Transfer FSMO roles to new VM DC dcpromo original primary DC out of domain

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• Preventing applications from performing run once tasks for multiple users

  - by JohnyV

  In our environment we have several applications that are installed that have a need to run a little prompt the first time they run eg Media player, Google earth etc. The problem is we have many users on many different computers. And the computers have deepfreeze running on them which removes the users profile once the computer is restarted. So next time that user logs in they have to go through the whole thing of run once again. I have managed to prevent IE runonce using group policy and office run once from using the office customisation tool. Is there a way to make this happen for other applications. On windows xp we used to copy a user that has run all the apps and place their default profile into the default profile so that new users get that profile template. Now with windows 7 the process of copy profiles is not as easy. Is there an easy way to copy profiles in win 7 or is there a better way (eg modify reg or app data) to prevent apps from performing an initial run. Thanks

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• Windows VirtualBox failed to attach USB device to Linux Guest

  - by joltmode

  I have Windows 7 64bit Host system, and I am using VirtualBox 4.1.18 (r78361). I have an Arch Linux Guest OS. I have installed VirtualBox Extension Pack (to enable USB2 support) and added my USB device filter to VM. I have also installed the Guest Additions provided by Arch: virtualbox-archlinux-additions (but I have no idea whether it's actually needed for my environment). I can see my USB device from VirtualBox Devices menu. Whenever I am trying to access it, I end up with: Failed to attach the USB device Kingston DT 100 G2 [0100] to the virtual machine Archlinux. USB device 'Kingston DT 100 G2' with UUID {a836ec33-0f41-4ca7-a31d-09cceaf5d173} is busy with a previous request. Please try again later. Details ? Result Code:    E_INVALIDARG (0x80070057) Component:      HostUSBDevice Interface:      IHostUSBDevice {173b4b44-d268-4334-a00d-b6521c9a740a} Callee:         IConsole {1968b7d3-e3bf-4ceb-99e0-cb7c913317bb} From what I have googled, most guides shows how to solve this the other way around - Linux Host to Windows Guest. How do I resolve this? Update I have tried to Eject (virtually, not physically) the device from my Windows Host system and then try to access the Device from Guest. Same error.

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• Improve wireless performance

  - by djechelon

  Hello, I have a Trust Speedshare Turbo Pro router, which is running on channel 6. I found that the wireless signal (and network performance) dramatically drops from my PDA (I can barely attach to the network, even if I set the PDA's energy settings to maximum wireless performance) when I even exit my room, and I don't have shielded walls or something like that. I can't even stream a SD video from my desktop (connected via LAN) to my laptop using WiFi, while via LAN it works fine. I read that changing router's channel could improve performance due to interference reducing. I found that almost all wireless networks around here run on channels 6 and 11. I tried to go to my router's settings page to change channel, but I found that the combo box only allows me to select 6!! I'm not sure, but I may have been able in the past to change channel, though not to all of the available channels. A few minutes ago I tried a firmware upgrade, but it didn't solve my problem. My question is Is it possible that my router is someway locked to its channel? I bought it on my own, I didn't receive it from my ISP Apart from boosting the antenna power to the maximum (which, by the way, increases the EM radiation my and my family's bodies absorb 24/7 and is little more environment-unfriendly), do you have any tips on getting high quality transmission up to 5 metres from the antenna? Thank you

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• Looking for suggestions for hosting Windows 2000 Server in the cloud / VPS / etc?

  - by JohnyD

  I have a Windows 2000 Server, currently virtualized in Hyper-V, that I would like to get running off-site as a backup (cloud, VPS, etc). You can't virtualize in EC2 and I'm fairly certain there are no Server 2000 AMI's floating about (correct me if I'm wrong!). If anyone has a recommendation on how I can get a virtualized Windows 2000 Server running in a secure, remote environment I would be grateful. As far as locations go I'd be interested in both North America as well as Australia and Europe. In a nutshell, we're ploughing our way out of a legacy codebase and this server is the last that remains of the legacy apps. However, it is still very much used by our clients. Everything is backed up each night (data, images, etc) to tape which is then taken offsite. However, in the event of a fire I would love to have a backup legacy server to point DNS records to. So while I am rebuilding from the ashes our services would already be available. It would save a lot of time and make my managers all the more happy (and that's what it's all about, riighhtt? :D) Thank you all for your suggestions. Please let me know if I've left out any important information. Additional info: - the legacy codebase does not function properly in Server 2003

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• SQL Server performance on VSphere 4.0

  - by Charles

  We are having a performance issue that we cannot explain with our VMWare environment and I am hoping someone here may be able to help. We have a web application that uses a databases backend. We have an SQL 2005 Cluster setup on Windows 2003 R2 between a physical node and a virtual node. Both physical servers are identical 2950's with 2x Xeaon x5460 Quad Core CPUs and 64GB of memory, 16GB allocated to the OS. We are utilizing an iSCSI San for all cluster disks. The problem is this, when utilizing the application under a repeated stress testing that adds CPUs to the cluster nodes, the Physical node scales from 1 pCPU to 8 pCPUs, meaning we see continued performance increases. When testing the node running Vsphere, we have the expected 12% performance hit for being virtual but we still scale from 1 vCPU to 4 vCPUs like the physical but beyond this performance drops off, by the time we get to 8 vCPUs we are seeing performance numbers worse than at 4 vCPUs. Again, both nodes are configured identically in terms of hardware, Guest OS, SQL Configurations etc and there is no traffic other than the testing on the system. There are no other VMs on the virtual server so there should be no competition for resources. We have contacted VMWare for help but they have not really been any suggesting things like setting SQL Processor Affinity which, while being helpful would have the same net effect on each box and should not change our results in the least. We have looked at all of VMWare's SQL Tuning guides with regards to VSphere with no benefit, please help!

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• Best Asp.net Hosting

  - by dotnetguts

  There are many asp.net web hosting companies which spends lot on advertisement and also gives you very cheaper rate, as low as $5, but when it comes to support they are simply hopeless. Everyone can you please pass your experience with your past hosting companies and suggest any good asp.net hosting company? Please consider following requirement factors 1) Asp.net 3.5 or 4.0 supported. 2) Url Rewriter support 3) GZip support (Dynamic through code) 4) Initial Setup support (If required) 5) SQL Server 2005 or 2008 6) Allow to access SQL Server DB using SQL Mgmt Studio 7) Environment supporting Backup and Restore of DB on my own, without involving tech support team 8) Full Text Search support 9) FTP support 10) I can able to send atleast 500 Emails daily. 11) 99.9% Up Time (No matter all web hosting say they have 99.9% Up Time, but its not true). 12) Alert Email to be sent when they do any maintenance or during downtime. 13) Hosting Price should be reasonable. Incase you feel i am missing something please add to the list. Can anyone suggest good webhosting company based on above factors?

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• How can I make WSUS less invasive for our users?

  - by Cypher

  We have WSUS pushing updates out to our user's workstations, and things are going relatively well with one annoying caveat: there seems to be an issue with a pop-up being displayed in front of some users informing them that their machine will be rebooted in 15 minutes, and they have nothing to say about it: This may be because they did not log out the prior night. Nevertheless, this is a bit too much and is very counter-productive for our users. Here is a bit about our environment: Our users are running Windows XP Pro and are part of an Active Directory Domain. WSUS is being applied via Group Policy. Here is a snapshot of the GPO that is enforcing the WSUS rules: Here is how I want WSUS to work (ideally - I'll take whatever can get me close): I want updates to automatically download and install every night. If a user is not logged in, I would like the machine to reboot. If a user is logged in, I would like their machine not to reboot, but instead wait until the next "installation period" where it can perform any other needed installations and reboot then (provided the a user account is not still logged in). If a user is to be prompted for reboot, it should only happen once per day (if possible), but every time they are prompted, they must have a way to postpone the reboot. I do not want users to be forced to restart their computer whenever the computer thinks it should happen (unless it's after an update installation and there are no logged in users). That doesn't seem productive to force a system restart in the midst of a person's workday. Is there something that I can do with the GPO that would help make WSUS less intrusive? Even if it gave the user an option to Restart Later - that would be better than what is happening now.

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• No password is complex enough

  - by Blue Warrior NFB

  I have one user in my AD domain who seems to not be able to self-select a password. I may have another one, but they're on a different enough password-expiration schedule that I can't remember who it is right now. I can set a password via ADU&C just fine, but when he tries it via C-A-D he gets the "doesn't meet complexity" message. Figuring he was just doing something like 'pAssword32', I did some troubleshooting of my own and sure enough it doesn't want to take a password that way. He's one of our users that habitually uses a local account and then maps drives using his AD credentials so he doesn't get the your password will expire in 4 days, maybe you should change it prompts, so he's a frequent "my password expired, can you fix it" flyer. I don't want to keep having him set it via ADU&C over my shoulder every N days. I'm just fine setting temp passwords of 48 characters of keyboard-slamming and letting him change it something memorable. My environment is at the Windows 2008 R2 functional level, and I am using fine-grained password policies. In fact, I have two such policies: For normal users (minimum length, remembered passwords) For special utility accounts The password complexities I've tried match both policies for length and char-set selection. The permissions on the User object themselves look normal, SELF does indeed have the "Change Password" right. Is there some other place I should be looking for things that can affect this?

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• Simple vLAN setup

  - by Logan Bissonnette

  I have a basic lab environment set up to try and get 2 vLANs working in hyper-v. I have the following equipment 1 hyper-v server 1 Desktop PC 1 Managed Switch (d-link DES-3052P) 1 cheap router (DI-604) My end goal is to have 1 VM and the desktop on one vLAN with internet, and 1 VM on a separate vLAN with internet access. I am having troubles getting an internet connection to both vLANs. The switch does not have the ability to have asynchronous vLANs. This is my switch configuration Port 1 - Trunk Port - Connected to router Port 2 - Trunk Port - Connected to hyper-v Server Port 3 - Access Port- Connected to Desktop Within hyper-v I have 1 switch and 2 VMs. When the VMs are set up to use vlan ID 1, everything works fine. As soon as a VM is set up to use vlan ID 2, they lose all network connection and cannot communicate with the router anymore. I believe this is because the router is not vLAN aware. Can anyone help me with what settings need to be set up on my switch? I believe I want an egress rule so traffic leaving towards the router is untagged, is that right? If not, any ideas or hints as to what needs to be set up?

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• How to sandbox a VMWare image as much as possible

  - by Craig H

  The situation: -A corporate environment, with a corporate managed XP desktop (locked down, patched regularly, restricted user rights, no manual install of SW, AV, etc.) The requirement: -Using VMWare Workstation, run a sandboxed image (also XP) for specific testing purposes (with admin rights in the guest VM). No network connectivity is required. It can't be a separate standalone physical workstation disconnected from the network. (FWIW, this is a legitimate, sanctioned requirement - not someone trying to get around corporate restrictions.) The challenge: -Do this in as safe/secure a manner as possible. The proposed solution: -Create an image with host-only networking. -Perhaps remove the virtual ethernet adapter? (not sure if it's required for basic VMWare functionality?) The question (finally): -What potential risks remain (and how could I best mitigate them)? One challenge is that the guest VM will not be a managed workstation itself, so patching, AV, etc. can't be guaranteed (and, ironically, would in fact be somewhat difficult given the proposed solution!)

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• Multiple Remote Desktop Connection in Windows Server 2003?

  - by Joel Bradley

  My company is transitioning all user PC's to Windows 7 64-Bit in anticipation of the 2014 cutoff for Windows XP support. So far everything has been going great except for one specific piece of software that will not run in Windows 7. The current plan is to give everyone a cheap secondary PC to run this software but I feel that's a little much for software that's not even used all the time, although it is essential. I've suggested we install virtual machines but the company does not want to pay for the XP licences. I have access to a copy of Windows Server 2003 that is no longer being used and I was wondering if it was possible to create a remote desktop server. I know it can be done on a one-to-one basis, but this is a 15 person helpdesk. I'd like to be able to support multiple remote dekstop sessions, each with their own logins and dekstops. Is this possible? Are there any other alternatives to my issue? FYI, I've been told that XP mode is only free for consumers. There are costs when used in a corporate environment.

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• Cherrypy web application won't communicate outside localhost via VPN

  - by Geoffrey Shea

  I'm trying to run a Python2.7/Cherrypy web server on Win 7 which is connected to a VPN to establish a dedicate IP address. (If I run the exact same application on Win XP connected to the VPN it works fine.) On Win 7 I tried configuring it to use port 8080, 8005, or 80 with no improvements. I turned off Windows Firewall altogether to test and there was no improvement. If I run Apache on the Win 7 machine on port 80 it works fine so I'm pretty sure it's not the VPN service or router. If I go to WhatismyIP.com it shows that I have the IP address being provided by the VPN. Here is the Python code, but I suspect the problem is the network configuration: import cherrypy class HelloWorld: def index(self): return "Hello world!3" index.exposed = True cherrypy.root = HelloWorld() cherrypy.config.update({"global":{ "server.environment": "production", "server.socketPort": 8005 } }) cherrypy.server.start() This will return a web page if I go to localhost:8005, but not if I go to the VPN IP address:8005 from another machine. As I said, if I run Apache on the Win 7 machine on port 80 I can see it at localhost:80 AND at the VPN IP address:80 from another machine. Thanks for any light you can shed! Geoffrey

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• why is Mac OSX Lion losing login/network credentials?

  - by Larry Kyrala

  (moved from stackoverflow...) Symptoms So at work we have OSX 10.7.3 installed and every once in a while I will see the following behaviors: 1) if the screen is locked, then multiple tries of the same user/pass are not accepted. 2) if the screen is unlocked, then opening a new bash term may yield prompts such as: `I have no name$` or lkyrala$ ssh lkyrala@ah-lkyrala2u You don't exist, go away! Even when our macs are working normally, everyone here has to login twice. The first time after boot always fails, but the second time (with the same password, not changing anything, just pressing enter again) succeeds. Weird? Workarounds There are some workarounds that resolve the immediate problem, but don't prevent it from happening again: a) wait (maybe an hour or two) and the problems sometimes go away by themselves. b) kill 'opendirectoryd' and let it restart. (from https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3663559) c) hold the power button to reset the computer Discussion Now, the evidence above points me to something screwy with opendirectory and login credentials. Some other people report having these login problems, but it's hard to determine where the actual problem is (Mac, or network environment?). I should add that most of the network are Windows machines, but we have quite a few Macs and Linux machines as well, but I'm not sure of the details of how the network auth is mapped from various domains to others... all I know is that our network credentials work in Windows domains as well as mac and linux logins -- so something is connecting separate systems, or using the same global auth system.

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• IIS not responding with SSL Server Hello

  - by Damien_The_Unbeliever

  I'm having difficulty getting a particular IIS machine to "do" SSL. This is a test environment (one of many) which we've set up "the same" as we have many times previously, but it just doesn't seem to be working. The server is Windows Server 2003 (Version 5.2 (Build 3790.srv03_sp2_gdr.100216-1301 : Service Pack 2)) IIS is hosting 4 sites (including the default site), but only one site is configured for SSL. We're using the same SSL certificate we use on all of our other servers (it's a wildcard cert). (Don't think this is relevant, but including anyway) We've configured the site to require SSL, it has a subdirectory that doesn't require SSL but has an asp page that redirects into SSL. The 403;4 error page for the site is hooked up to this asp page (this is how we do our non-HTTPS into HTTPS transition). Using Microsoft Network Monitor (3.3), I've just run a session against a server where SSL is working. It can pull apart the SSL exchange as the following messages: SSL: Client Hello SSL: Server Hello. Certificate. Server Hello Done SSL: Client Key Exchange. Change Cipher Spec. Encrypted Handshake Message. SSL: Change Cipher Spec. Encrypted Handshake Message However, on our problem server, I only see: SSL: Client Hello. The next packet from the server (from port 443, so it's listening and responding there) contains only 60 bytes, and just seems to have the Tcp headers and not much else (but I'm by no means an expert at deciphering these things). So, where do I look next? Or what additional information do I need to add to this question, and where do I find it?

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• Where do vendors publish internal transfer rates of HDDs?

  - by red888

  So I've started to dig into storage fundamentals and found that in order to calculate the IOPS of a HDD you need to know the internal transfer rate of the drive (time it takes data to move from the platters to internal disk's cache). I went on newegg and even a few vendor sites and could not find this info published for any HDDs. Is it sometimes called something else? Take this link to a seagate HDD for instance. Nowhere do I see "internal transfer rate", but I do see something called "Sustained Data Rate OD"- is that the same thing? Just so you know where I'm getting this info (Book: "Information Storage and Management Storing, Managing..."): Consider an example with the following specifications provided for a disk: The average seek time is 5 ms in a random I/O environment; therefore, T = 5 ms. Disk rotation speed of 15,000 revolutions per minute or 250 revolutions per second — from which rotational latency (L) can be determined, which is one-half of the time taken for a full rotation or L = (0.5/250 rps expressed in ms). 40 MB/s internal data transfer rate, from which the internal transfer time (X) is derived based on the block size of the I/O — for example, an I/O with a block size of 32 KB; therefore X = 32 KB/40 MB. Consequently, the time taken by the I/O controller to serve an I/O of block size 32 KB is (TS) = 5 ms + (0.5/250) + 32 KB/40 MB = 7.8 ms. Therefore, the maximum number of I/Os serviced per second or IOPS is (1/TS) = 1/(7.8 × 10^-3) = 128 IOPS.

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• How to set umask globally?

  - by DevSolar

  I am using a private user group setup, i.e. a user foo's home directory is owned by foo:foo, not foo:users. For this to work, I need to set the umask to 002 globally. After a quick grep -RIi umask /etc/*, it seemed for a moment that modifying the UMASK entry in /etc/login.defs should do the trick. It does, too -- but only for console logins. If I log in to my desktop, and open a terminal there, I still get to see the default umask 022. Same goes for files created from apps started through the menu. Apparently, the display manager (or whatever X11 component responsible) does source some different setting than a console login does, and damned if I could tell which one it is. (I tried changing the setting in /etc/init.d/rc, and no, it did not help.) How / where do I set umask globally (and for all users), so that the X11 desktop environment gets the memo as well? (The system is Linux Mint / Ubuntu, in case that changes anything...)

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• Can a website company that builds 4-5 websites a year afford dedicated hosting?

  - by Petras

  We manage about 30 websites that use shared ASP.NET SQL Server web hosting. These are typical small/medium business websites and they perform fine in this environment. Recently I was looking at VPS hosting in this thread http://serverfault.com/questions/128329/how-do-you-host-multiple-public-facing-websites-on-a-vps After contacting a provider in one of the replies I was told that VPS hosting is not recommended for 30 sites, even if they are small. The resource requirements might be too great even for VPS. So I should turn to dedicated hosting. The lowest cost dedicated hosting is $219 per month (see http://www.serverintellect.com/dedicated/pentiumdservers.aspx). But this is only for a single processor which seems too light for a machine running both IIS and SQL. In our office all the developers work on quad cores so I assume I’d really need the Quad Processor. However, this starts at $599 monthly. Now, I won’t be able to transfer all of our 30 sites to this machine. I’d only be able to transfer say 5 or 6. However, moving forward, I’d be able to host all future sites on this machine. This amounts to 4-5 per year. Let’s look at the economics. Shared hosting costs are typically $16.95 monthly (see http://www.crystaltech.com/dotnet.aspx). So here’s the dilemma First months costs: $599 First month revenue: 6x$16.95 = $101.7 Loss in first month: $497.3 First year costs: $599x12=$7188 First month revenue: 6x$16.95x12 + 5x$16.95x6(averaged) = $1728.9 Loss in first year: $5459.1 Clearly it is going to take years for this server to pay for itself. It just doesn’t seem economical! Am I missing something here, or is dedicated not the way to go with the amount of sites we build?

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