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  • memcache is not storing data accross requests

    - by morpheous
    I am new to using memcache, so I may be doing something wrong. I have written a wrapper class around memcache. The wrapper class has only static methods, so is a quasi singleton. The class looks something like this: class myCache { private static $memcache = null; private static $initialized = false; public static function init() { if (self::$initialized) return; self::$memcache = new Memcache(); if (self::configure()) //connects to daemon { self::store('foo', 'bar'); } else throw ConnectionError('I barfed'); } public static function store($key, $data, $flag=MEMCACHE_COMPRESSED, $timeout=86400) { if (self::$memcache->get($key)!== false) return self::$memcache->replace($key, $data, $flag, $timeout); return self::$memcache->set($key, $data, $flag, $timeout); } public static function fetch($key) { return self::$memcache->get($key); } } //in my index.php file, I use the class like this require_once('myCache.php'); myCache::init(); echo 'Stored value is: '. myCache::fetch('foo'); The problem is that the myCache::init() method is being executed in full everytime a page is requested. I then remembered that static variables do not maintain state accross page requests. So I decided instead, to store the flag that indicates whether the server contains the start up data (for our purposes, the variable 'foo', with value 'bar') in memcache itself. Once the status flag is stored in memcache itself, It solves the problem of the initialisation data being loaded for every page request (which quite frankly, defeats the purpose of memcache). However, having solved that problem, when I come to fetch the data in memcache, it is empty. I dont understand whats going on. Can anyone clarify how I can store my data once and retrieve it accross page requests? BTW, (just to clarify), the get/set is working correctly, and if I allow memcache to load the initialisation data for each page request, (which is silly), then the data is available in memcache.

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  • Using same onmouseover function for multiple objects

    - by phpscriptcoder
    I'm creating a building game in JavaScript and PHP that involves a grid. Each square in the grid is a div, with an own onmouseover and onmousedown function: for(x=0; x < width; x++) { for(y=0; y < height; y++) { var div = document.createElement("div"); //... div.onmouseclick = function() {blockClick(x, y)} div.onmouseover = function() {blockMouseover(x, y)} game.appendChild(div); } } But, all of the squares seem to have the x and y of the last square that was added. I can sort of see why this is happening - it is making a pointer to x and y instead of cloning the variables - but how could I fix it? I even tried for(x=0; x < width; x++) { for(y=0; y < height; y++) { var div = document.createElement("div"); var myX = x; var myY = y; div.onmouseclick = function() {blockClick(myX, myY)} div.onmouseover = function() {blockMouseover(myX, myY)} game.appendChild(div); } } with the same result. I was using div.setAttribute("onmouseover", ...) which worked in Firefox, but not IE. Thanks!

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  • InvalidCastException when getting Text from a Label referenced by dynamicaly built String, Fix?

    - by Chris
    NET Version: 3.5 Ok, I recieve an error (System.InvalidCastException was unhandled. Message="Unable to cast object of type 'System.Windows.Forms.Control[]' to type 'System.Windows.Forms.Label'.") when trying to get Text from a Label referenced by a dynamicly built string. Here's my situation; I have an array of 250 labels named l1 - l250. What I want to do is loop through them using this while statement: int c = 1; while (c < 251) { string k = "l" + c.ToString(); //dynamic name of Control(Label) object ka = Controls.Find(k, true); string ct = ((Label)ka).Text; //<<Error Occurs Here build = build + ct; c++; } and get the text value of each to build a string named build. I don't get any build errors, just this while debuging. While debuging I can go down to view my local variables. When looking through these, I can view the contents of object ka; it does contain the correct Text value of the correct Label I want to "access". I just don't understand how to get there. The text value is listed under "[0]" which is the only subcatagory for "ka".

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  • ADODB.Connection undefined

    - by Wes Groleau
    Reference http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1690622/excel-vba-to-sql-server-without-ssis After I got the above working, I copied all the global variables/constants from the routine, which included Const CS As String = "Driver={SQL Server};" _ & "Server=**;" _ & "Database=**;" _ & "UID=**;" _ & "PWD=**" Dim DB_Conn As ADODB.Connection Dim Command As ADODB.Command Dim DB_Status As Stringinto a similar module in another spreadsheet. I also copied Sub Connect_To_Lockbox() If DB_Status < "Open" Then Set DB_Conn = New Connection DB_Conn.ConnectionString = CS DB_Conn.Open ' problem! DB_Status = "Open" End If End SubI added the same reference (ADO 2.8) The first spreadsheet still works; the seccond at DB_Conn.Open pops up "Run-time error '-214767259 (80004005)': [Microsoft][ODBC Driver Manager] Data source name not found and no default driver specified" Removing the references on both, saving files, re-opening, re-adding the references doesn't help. The one still works and the other gets the error. ?!?

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  • Wrappers of primitive types in arraylist vs arrays

    - by ismail marmoush
    Hi, In "Core java 1" I've read CAUTION: An ArrayList is far less efficient than an int[] array because each value is separately wrapped inside an object. You would only want to use this construct for small collections when programmer convenience is more important than efficiency. But in my software I've already used Arraylist instead of normal arrays due to some requirements, though "The software is supposed to have high performance and after I've read the quoted text I started to panic!" one thing I can change is changing double variables to Double so as to prevent auto boxing and I don't know if that is worth it or not, in next sample algorithm public void multiply(final double val) { final int rows = getSize1(); final int cols = getSize2(); for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) { this.get(i).set(j, this.get(i).get(j) * val); } } } My question is does changing double to Double makes a difference ? or that's a micro optimizing that won't affect anything ? keep in mind I might be using large matrices.2nd Should I consider redesigning the whole program again ?

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  • Passing in a lambda to a Where statement

    - by sonicblis
    I noticed today that if I do this: var items = context.items.Where(i => i.Property < 2); items = items.Where(i => i.Property > 4); Once I access the items var, it executes only the first line as the data call and then does the second call in memory. However, if I do this: var items = context.items.Where(i => i.Property < 2).Where(i => i.Property > 4); I get only one expression executed against the context that includes both where statements. I have a host of variables that I want to use to build the expression for the linq lambda, but their presence or absence changes the expression such that I'd have to have a rediculous number of conditionals to satisfy all cases. I thought I could just add the Where() statements as in my first example above, but that doesn't end up in a single expression that contains all of the criteria. Therefore, I'm trying to create just the lambda itself as such: //bogus syntax if (var1 == "something") var expression = Expression<Func<item, bool>>(i => i.Property == "Something); if (var2 == "somethingElse") expression = expression.Where(i => i.Property2 == "SomethingElse"); And then pass that in to the where of my context.Items to evaluate. A) is this right, and B) if so, how do you do it?

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  • zend session exception on zend_session::start with forms

    - by Grant Collins
    Hi I'm having issues with trying to use Zend_Form_SubForm and sessions. My controller is in essance acting a wizard showing different subforms depending on the stage of the wizard. Using the example I am planning on storing the forms in a session namespace. My controller looks like this. include 'mylib/Form/addTaskWizardForm.php'; class AddtaskController extends Zend_Controller_Action{ private $config = null; private $log = null; private $subFormSession = null; /** * This function is called and initialises the global variables to this object * which is the configuration details and the logger to write to the log file. */ public function init(){ $this->config = Zend_Registry::getInstance()->get('config'); $this->log = Zend_Registry::getInstance()->get('log'); //set layout $this->_helper->layout->setLayout('no-sidemenus'); //we need to get the subforms and $wizardForms = new addTaskWizardForm(); $this->subFormSession = new Zend_Session_Namespace('addTaskWizardForms'); if(!isset($this->subFormSession->subforms)){ $this->subFormSession->subforms = $wizardForms; } } /** * The Landing page controller for the site. */ public function indexAction(){ $form = $this->subFormSession->subforms->getSubForm('start'); $this->view->form = $form; } However this is causing the application session to crash out with Uncaught exception 'Zend_Session_Exception' with message 'Zend_Session::start() Any idea why this is having issues with the Zend Session?? thanks.

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  • FFMEPG permission problem, is there any alternative solution instead of FFMPEG?

    - by caglaror
    We have some kind of permenant permission problem on FFMPEG.exe to write JPEG file on to HDD. We are using IIS and try all permission methods to ffmepg.exe, its including folder,folders, cmd.exe and any executable file, related folder, file. Also we tried many many command examples. But never went beyond the "permission denied" error messages. We give up. Do you know another alternative solution to pick images from flv, f4v movie files? Or %100 quaranteed method to achive this permission control on IIS? Thank you. ---last code we try variables etc. aren't shown here. jpegYapKomutu = videoEditorKlasoru &"\ffmpeg.exe -i " & videoEditorKlasoru & "\deneme.flv" &" -s 480×360 -ss 00:00:"&saniyesi&" -vframes 1 -f mjpeg "& "C:\Webhome\normworks\caglarorhan\deneme.jpg" WScript.Run "%COMSPEC% /C dir" & jpegYapKomutu

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  • How to get associated URLRequest from Event.COMPLETE fired by URLLoader

    - by matt lohkamp
    So let's say we want to load some XML - var xmlURL:String = 'content.xml'; var xmlURLRequest:URLRequest = new URLRequest(xmlURL); var xmlURLLoader:URLLoader = new URLLoader(xmlURLRequest); xmlURLLoader.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, function(e:Event):void{ trace('loaded',xmlURL); trace(XML(e.target.data)); }); If we need to know the source URL for that particular XML doc, we've got that variable to tell us, right? Now let's imagine that the xmlURL variable isn't around to help us - maybe we want to load 3 XML docs, named in sequence, and we want to use throwaway variables inside of a for-loop: for(var i:uint = 3; i > 0; i--){ var xmlURLLoader:URLLoader = new URLLoader(new URLRequest('content'+i+'.xml')); xmlURLLoader.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, function(e:Event):void{ trace(e.target.src); // I wish this worked... trace(XML(e.target.data)); }); } Suddenly it's not so easy, right? I hate that you can't just say e.target.src or whatever - is there a good way to associate URLLoaders with the URL they loaded data from? Am I missing something? It feels unintuitive to me.

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  • floating point equality in Python and in general

    - by eric.frederich
    I have a piece of code that behaves differently depending on whether I go through a dictionary to get conversion factors or whether I use them directly. The following piece of code will print 1.0 == 1.0 -> False But if you replace factors[units_from] with 10.0 and factors[units_to ] with 1.0 / 2.54 it will print 1.0 == 1.0 -> True #!/usr/bin/env python base = 'cm' factors = { 'cm' : 1.0, 'mm' : 10.0, 'm' : 0.01, 'km' : 1.0e-5, 'in' : 1.0 / 2.54, 'ft' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0, 'yd' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0 / 3.0, 'mile' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0 / 5280, 'lightyear' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0 / 5280 / 5.87849981e12, } # convert 25.4 mm to inches val = 25.4 units_from = 'mm' units_to = 'in' base_value = val / factors[units_from] ret = base_value * factors[units_to ] print ret, '==', 1.0, '->', ret == 1.0 Let me first say that I am pretty sure what is going on here. I have seen it before in C, just never in Python but since Python in implemented in C we're seeing it. I know that floating point numbers will change values going from a CPU register to cache and back. I know that comparing what should be two equal variables will return false if one of them was paged out while the other stayed resident in a register. Questions What is the best way to avoid problems like this?... In Python or in general. Am I doing something completely wrong? Side Note This is obviously part of a stripped down example but what I'm trying to do is come with with classes of length, volume, etc that can compare against other objects of the same class but with different units. Rhetorical Questions If this is a potentially dangerous problem since it makes programs behave in an undetermanistic matter, should compilers warn or error when they detect that you're checking equality of floats Should compilers support an option to replace all float equality checks with a 'close enough' function? Do compilers already do this and I just can't find the information.

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  • Performance of VIEW vs. SQL statement

    - by Matt W.
    I have a query that goes something like the following: select <field list> from <table list> where <join conditions> and <condition list> and PrimaryKey in (select PrimaryKey from <table list> where <join list> and <condition list>) and PrimaryKey not in (select PrimaryKey from <table list> where <join list> and <condition list>) The sub-select queries both have multiple sub-select queries of their own that I'm not showing so as not to clutter the statement. One of the developers on my team thinks a view would be better. I disagree in that the SQL statement uses variables passed in by the program (based on the user's login Id). Are there any hard and fast rules on when a view should be used vs. using a SQL statement? What kind of performance gain issues are there in running SQL statements on their own against regular tables vs. against views. (Note that all the joins / where conditions are against indexed columns, so that shouldn't be an issue.) EDIT for clarification... Here's the query I'm working with: select obj_id from object where obj_id in( (select distinct(sec_id) from security where sec_type_id = 494 and ( (sec_usergroup_id = 3278 and sec_usergroup_type_id = 230) or (sec_usergroup_id in (select ug_gi_id from user_group where ug_ui_id = 3278) and sec_usergroup_type_id = 231) ) and sec_obj_id in ( select obj_id from object where obj_ot_id in (select of_ot_id from obj_form left outer join obj_type on ot_id = of_ot_id where ot_app_id = 87 and of_id in (select sec_obj_id from security where sec_type_id = 493 and ( (sec_usergroup_id = 3278 and sec_usergroup_type_id = 230) or (sec_usergroup_id in (select ug_gi_id from user_group where ug_ui_id = 3278) and sec_usergroup_type_id = 231) ) ) and of_usage_type_id = 131 ) ) ) ) or (obj_ot_id in (select of_ot_id from obj_form left outer join obj_type on ot_id = of_ot_id where ot_app_id = 87 and of_id in (select sec_obj_id from security where sec_type_id = 493 and ( (sec_usergroup_id = 3278 and sec_usergroup_type_id = 230) or (sec_usergroup_id in (select ug_gi_id from user_group where ug_ui_id = 3278) and sec_usergroup_type_id = 231) ) ) and of_usage_type_id = 131 ) and obj_id not in (select sec_obj_id from security where sec_type_id = 494) )

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  • log4net - why would the same MyLog.Debug line not work at one point of startup, but work at another

    - by Greg
    Hi, During startup of my WinForms application I'm noting that there are a couple of points (before the MainForm renders) that do a "MyDataSet.GetInstance()". For the first one the MyLog.Debug line comes through in the VS2008 output window, but for a later one it does work and come through. What could explain this? What settings could I check at debug time to see why an output line for a MyLog.Debug line doesn't come out in the output window? namespace IntranetSync { public class MyDataSet { private static readonly ILog MyLog = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(MyDataSet)); public static MyDataSet GetInstance() { MyLog.Debug("MyDataSet GetInstance() ====================================="); if (myDataSet == null) { myDataSet = new MyDataSet(); } return myDataSet; } . . . PS. What I have been doing re log4net repository initialization is putting the following line as a private variables in the classes I use logging - is this OK? static class Program { private static readonly ILog MyLog = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(MainForm)); . . . public class Coordinator { private static readonly ILog MyLog = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(MainForm)); . . . public class MyDataSet { private static readonly ILog MyLog = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(MyDataSet)); . . .

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  • Python: Access dictionary value inside of tuple and sort quickly by dict value

    - by Aquat33nfan
    I know that wasn't clear. Here's what I'm doing specifically. I have my list of dictionaries here: dict = [{int=0, value=A}, {int=1, value=B}, ... n] and I want to take them in combinations, so I used itertools and it gave me a tuple (Well, okay it gave me a memory object that I then used enumerate on so I could loop over it and enumerate gave ma tuple): for (index, tuple) in enumerate(combinations(dict, 2)): and this is where I have my problem. I want to identify which of the two items in the combination has the bigger 'int' value and which has the smaller value and assign them to variables (I'm actually using more than 2 in the combination so I can't just say if tuple[0]['int'] tuple[1]['int'] and do the assignment because I'd have to list this out a bunch of times and that's hard to manage). I was going to assign each 'int' value to a variable, sort it in a list, index the 'int' value in the list by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ... etc., then go back and access the dictionary I wanted by the int value and then assign the dictionary to a variable so I knew which was bigger. But I have a big list and lists and variable assignments are resource intensive and this is taking a long time (I had only a little bit of that written and it was taking forever to run). So I was hoping someone knew a fast way to do this. I actually could list out every possible combination of assignmnets using the if/thens but it's just like 5 pages of if/thens and assignments and is hard to read and manage when I want to change it. You've probably gathered this, but I"m new at programming. thx

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  • Google App Engine Java app couldn't find javac ?

    - by Frank
    I'm learning to use Google App Engine, I installed it in Netbeans, the project works, but when I clicked on "Deploy To Google App Engine", I got the following error : Beginning server interaction for ... 0% Creating staging directory 5% Scanning for jsp files. 8% Compiling jsp files. 11% Compiling java files. Error Details: Apr 20, 2010 3:51:23 PM org.apache.jasper.JspC processFile INFO: Built File: \PayPal_Monitor.jsp java.lang.IllegalStateException: cannot find javac executable based on java.home, tried "C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre6\bin\javac.exe" and "C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\bin\javac.exe" Unable to update app: cannot find javac executable based on java.home, tried "C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre6\bin\javac.exe" and "C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\bin\javac.exe" Please see the logs [C:\Users\NM\AppData\Local\Temp\appcfg3946701335172983337.log] for further information. The file "javac.exe" is in : C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.6.0_18\bin How can I add it to "java.home" ? I'm using Win Vista, and I tried to add it from "System - Environment Variables", but there is no "java.home" in there. Where can I find it ? Frank

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  • Why would this Lua optimization hack help?

    - by Ian Boyd
    i'm looking over a document that describes various techniques to improve performance of Lua script code, and i'm shocked that such tricks would be required. (Although i'm quoting Lua, i've seen similar hacks in Javascript). Why would this optimization be required: For instance, the code for i = 1, 1000000 do local x = math.sin(i) end runs 30% slower than this one: local sin = math.sin for i = 1, 1000000 do local x = sin(i) end They're re-declaring sin function locally. Why would this be helpful? It's the job of the compiler to do that anyway. Why is the programmer having to do the compiler's job? i've seen similar things in Javascript; and so obviously there must be a very good reason why the interpreting compiler isn't doing its job. What is it? i see it repeatedly in the Lua environment i'm fiddling in; people redeclaring variables as local: local strfind = strfind local strlen = strlen local gsub = gsub local pairs = pairs local ipairs = ipairs local type = type local tinsert = tinsert local tremove = tremove local unpack = unpack local max = max local min = min local floor = floor local ceil = ceil local loadstring = loadstring local tostring = tostring local setmetatable = setmetatable local getmetatable = getmetatable local format = format local sin = math.sin What is going on here that people have to do the work of the compiler? Is the compiler confused by how to find format? Why is this an issue that a programmer has to deal with? Why would this not have been taken care of in 1993? i also seem to have hit a logical paradox: Optimizatin should not be done without profiling Lua has no ability to be profiled Lua should not be optimized

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  • Problems with CGPoint/touches event

    - by Jason
    I'm having some problems with storing variables from my touch events. The warning I get when I run this is that coord and icoord are unused, but I used them in the viewDidLoad implementation, is there a reason why this does not work? Any suggestions? #import "iGameViewController.h" @implementation iGameViewController @synthesize player; -(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { UITouch *touch = [[event allTouches] anyObject]; CGPoint icoord = [touch locationInView:touch.view]; } -(void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { UITouch *touch = [[event allTouches] anyObject]; CGPoint coord = [touch locationInView:touch.view]; } - (void)viewDidLoad { if (coord.x > icoord.x) { player.center = CGPointMake(player.center.x + 5, player.center.y); } if (coord.x < icoord.x) { player.center = CGPointMake(player.center.x - 5, player.center.y); } if (coord.y > icoord.y) { player.center = CGPointMake(player.center.x, player.center.y - 5); } if (coord.y < icoord.y) { player.center = CGPointMake(player.center.x, player.center.y + 5); } } Thanks.

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  • 'Fixed' for loop - what is more efficient?

    - by pimvdb
    I'm creating a tic-tac-toe game, and one of the functions has to iterate through each of the 9 fields (tic-tac-toe is played on a 3x3 grid). I was wondering what is more efficient (which one is perhaps faster, or what is the preferred way of scripting in such situation) - using two for nested loops like this: for(var i=0; i<3; i++) { for(var j=0; j<3; j++) { checkField(i, j); } } or hard-coding it like this: checkField(0, 0); checkField(0, 1); checkField(0, 2); checkField(1, 0); checkField(1, 1); checkField(1, 2); checkField(2, 0); checkField(2, 1); checkField(2, 2); As there are only 9 combinations, it would be perhaps overkill to use two nested for loops, but then again this is clearer to read. The for loop, however, will increment variables and check whether i and j are smaller than 3 every time as well. In this example, the time saving at least might be negligible, but what is the preferred way of coding in this case? Thanks.

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  • JSLINT error: Move all 'var' declarations to the top of the function.

    - by Oleg Yaroshevych
    JSLINT site updated, and I cannot check JS scripts anymore. For me, this warning is not critical, and I don't want to go through thousands of lines to fix this, I want to find more critical problems. Does anybody know how to turn off this error, or use legacy JSLINT? UPDATE Example: function doSomethingWithNodes(nodes){ this.doSomething(); for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; ++i){ this.doSomethingElse(nodes[i]); } doSomething(); // want to find this problem } jslint.com output: Error: Problem at line 4 character 8: Move all 'var' declarations to the top of the function. for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; ++i){ Problem at line 4 character 8: Stopping, unable to continue. (44% scanned). Problem: Having variables on top of the functions is new requirement. I cannot use JSLINT to test code, because it stops scanning script on this error. I have a lot of code, and do not want to threat this warning as critical error.

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  • SSH with Perl using file handles, not Net::SSH

    - by jorge
    Before I ask the question: I can not use cpan module Net::SSH, I want to but can not, no amount of begging will change this fact I need to be able to open an SSH connection, keep it open, and read from it's stdout and write to its stdin. My approach thus far has been to open it in a pipe, but I have not been able to advance past this, it dies straight away. That's what I have in mind, I understand this causes a fork to occur. I've written code accordingly for this fork (or so I think). Below is a skeleton of what I want, I just need the system to work. #!/usr/bin/perl use warnings; $| = 1; $pid = open (SSH,"| ssh user\@host"); if(defined($pid)){ if(!$pid){ #child while(<>){ print; } }else{ select SSH; $| = 1; select STDIN; #parent while(<>){ print SSH $_; while(<SSH>){ print; } } close(SSH); } } I know, from what it looks like, I'm trying to recreate "system('ssh user@host')," that is not my end goal, but knowing how to do that would bring me much closer to the end goal. Basically, I need a file handle to an open ssh connection where I can read from it the output and write to it input (not necessarily straight from my program's STDIN, anything I want, variables, yada yada) This includes password input. I know about key pairs, part of the end goal involves making key pairs, but the connection needs to happen regardless of their existence, and if they do not exist it's part of my plan to make them exist.

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  • How is a functional programming-based javascript app laid out?

    - by user321521
    I've been working with node.js for awhile on a chat app (I know, very original, but I figured it'd be a good learning project). Underscore.js provides a lot of functional programming concepts which look interesting, so I'd like to understand how a functional program in javascript would be setup. From my understanding of functional programming (which may be wrong), the whole idea is to avoid side effects, which are basically having a function which updates another variable outside of the function so something like var external; function foo() { external = 'bar'; } foo(); would be creating a side effect, correct? So as a general rule, you want to avoid disturbing variables in the global scope. Ok, so how does that work when you're dealing with objects and what not? For example, a lot of times, I'll have a constructor and an init method that initializes the object, like so: var Foo = function(initVars) { this.init(initVars); } Foo.prototype.init = function(initVars) { this.bar1 = initVars['bar1']; this.bar2 = initVars['bar2']; //.... } var myFoo = new Foo({'bar1': '1', 'bar2': '2'}); So my init method is intentionally causing side effects, but what would be a functional way to handle the same sort of situation? Also, if anyone could point me to either a python or javascript source code of a program that tries to be as functional as possible, that would also be much appreciated. I feel like I'm close to "getting it", but I'm just not quite there. Mainly I'm interested in how functional programming works with traditional OOP classes concept (or does away with it for something different if that's the case).

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  • Why Does Private Access Remain Non-Private in .NET Within a Class?

    - by AMissico
    While cleaning some code today written by someone else, I changed the access modifier from Public to Private on a class variable/member/field. I expected a long list of compiler errors that I use to "refactor/rework/review" the code that used this variable. Imagine my surprise when I didn't get any errors. After reviewing, it turns out that another instance of the Class can access the private members of another instance declared within the Class. Totally unexcepted. Is this normal? I been coding in .NET since the beginning and never ran into this issue, nor read about it. I may have stumbled onto it before, but only "vaguely noticed" and move on. Can anyone explain this behavoir to me? Am I doing something wrong? I found this behavior in both C# and VB.NET. The code seems to take advantage of the ability to access private variables. Sincerely, Totally Confused Class Foo Private _int As Integer Private _foo As Foo Private _jack As Jack Private _fred As Fred Public Sub SetPrivate() _foo = New Foo _foo._int = 3 'TOTALLY UNEXPECTED _jack = New Jack '_jack._int = 3 'expected compile error because Foo doesn't know Jack _fred = New Fred '_fred._int = 3 'expected compile error because Fred hides from Foo End Sub Private Class Fred Private _int As Integer End Class End Class Class Jack Private _int As Integer End Class

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  • Counting entries in a list of dictionaries: for loop vs. list comprehension with map(itemgetter)

    - by Dennis Williamson
    In a Python program I'm writing I've compared using a for loop and increment variables versus list comprehension with map(itemgetter) and len() when counting entries in dictionaries which are in a list. It takes the same time using a each method. Am I doing something wrong or is there a better approach? Here is a greatly simplified and shortened data structure: list = [ {'key1': True, 'dontcare': False, 'ignoreme': False, 'key2': True, 'filenotfound': 'biscuits and gravy'}, {'key1': False, 'dontcare': False, 'ignoreme': False, 'key2': True, 'filenotfound': 'peaches and cream'}, {'key1': True, 'dontcare': False, 'ignoreme': False, 'key2': False, 'filenotfound': 'Abbott and Costello'}, {'key1': False, 'dontcare': False, 'ignoreme': True, 'key2': False, 'filenotfound': 'over and under'}, {'key1': True, 'dontcare': True, 'ignoreme': False, 'key2': True, 'filenotfound': 'Scotch and... well... neat, thanks'} ] Here is the for loop version: #!/usr/bin/env python # Python 2.6 # count the entries where key1 is True # keep a separate count for the subset that also have key2 True key1 = key2 = 0 for dictionary in list: if dictionary["key1"]: key1 += 1 if dictionary["key2"]: key2 += 1 print "Counts: key1: " + str(key1) + ", subset key2: " + str(key2) Output for the data above: Counts: key1: 3, subset key2: 2 Here is the other, perhaps more Pythonic, version: #!/usr/bin/env python # Python 2.6 # count the entries where key1 is True # keep a separate count for the subset that also have key2 True from operator import itemgetter KEY1 = 0 KEY2 = 1 getentries = itemgetter("key1", "key2") entries = map(getentries, list) key1 = len([x for x in entries if x[KEY1]]) key2 = len([x for x in entries if x[KEY1] and x[KEY2]]) print "Counts: key1: " + str(key1) + ", subset key2: " + str(key2) Output for the data above (same as before): Counts: key1: 3, subset key2: 2 I'm a tiny bit surprised these take the same amount of time. I wonder if there's something faster. I'm sure I'm overlooking something simple. One alternative I've considered is loading the data into a database and doing SQL queries, but the data doesn't need to persist and I'd have to profile the overhead of the data transfer, etc., and a database may not always be available. I have no control over the original form of the data. The code above is not going for style points.

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  • Is there a tool for managing redundant pages across a website?

    - by dmanexe
    I am in charge of constructing a website with a '2-dimensional' site map, as explained later. I am looking for (preferably a Wordpress plugin, as the site is built in Wordpress already) that would make managing thousands of pages a lot easier. To explain further, let me iterate my situation. I am building a website for a construction company, and they have several key cities and several key services. Now, they want a parent page for each service, and another unique page for the child sub-service, and finaly, a grandchild page for the city they are performing the service in. For example, if they were doing Concrete Construction in Los Angeles, the URL would look like: /concrete/construction/los-angeles The content on /los-angeles would be the same as on /malibu, or /burbank. However, there would be a different set of content for /concrete/design/los-angeles, but the entire page content (sans a few variables with city names) would be the same. Is there a way to manage or automate 'matrixing' this information on the site? I am looking for a tool that would allow me to easily add a 'city' with the same content across all grandchildren, per the child's content requirements. All of the grandchildren pages will have redundant content across them. Should something like this not exist, how difficult would it be to create, as a freelance side project? I need a tool like this, because I am approaching about ~500 cities and 50 services (Concrete Construction, Concrete Design, Concrete Engineering, etc)

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  • Is there really such a thing as a char or short in modern programming?

    - by Dean P
    Howdy all, I've been learning to program for a Mac over the past few months (I have experience in other languages). Obviously that has meant learning the Objective C language and thus the plainer C it is predicated on. So I have stumbles on this quote, which refers to the C/C++ language in general, not just the Mac platform. With C and C++ prefer use of int over char and short. The main reason behind this is that C and C++ perform arithmetic operations and parameter passing at integer level, If you have an integer value that can fit in a byte, you should still consider using an int to hold the number. If you use a char, the compiler will first convert the values into integer, perform the operations and then convert back the result to char. So my question, is this the case in the Mac Desktop and IPhone OS environments? I understand when talking about theses environments we're actually talking about 3-4 different architectures (PPC, i386, Arm and the A4 Arm variant) so there may not be a single answer. Nevertheless does the general principle hold that in modern 32 bit / 64 bit systems using 1-2 byte variables that don't align with the machine's natural 4 byte words doesn't provide much of the efficiency we may expect. For instance, a plain old C-Array of 100,000 chars is smaller than the same 100,000 ints by a factor of four, but if during an enumeration, reading out each index involves a cast/boxing/unboxing of sorts, will we see overall lower 'performance' despite the saved memory overhead?

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  • Assign sage variable values into R objects via sagetex and Sweave

    - by sheed03
    I am writing a short Sweave document that outputs into a Beamer presentation, in which I am using the sagetex package to solve an equation for two parameters in the beta binomial distribution, and I need to assign the parameter values into the R session so I can do additional processing on those values. The following code excerpt shows how I am interacting with sage: <<echo=false,results=hide>>= mean.raw <- c(5, 3.5, 2) theta <- 0.5 var.raw <- mean.raw + ((mean.raw^2)/theta) @ \begin{frame}[fragile] \frametitle{Test of Sage 2} \begin{sagesilent} var('a1, b1, a2, b2, a3, b3') eqn1 = [1000*a1/(a1+b1)==\Sexpr{mean.raw[1]}, ((1000*a1*b1)*(1000+a1+b1))/((a1+b1)^2*(a1+b1+1))==\Sexpr{var.raw[1]}] eqn2 = [1000*a2/(a2+b2)==\Sexpr{mean.raw[2]}, ((1000*a2*b2)*(1000+a2+b2))/((a2+b2)^2*(a2+b2+1))==\Sexpr{var.raw[2]}] eqn3 = [1000*a3/(a3+b3)==\Sexpr{mean.raw[3]}, ((1000*a3*b3)*(1000+a3+b3))/((a3+b3)^2*(a3+b3+1))==\Sexpr{var.raw[3]}] s1 = solve(eqn1, a1,b1) s2 = solve(eqn2, a2,b2) s3 = solve(eqn3, a3,b3) \end{sagesilent} Solutions of Beta Binomial Parameters: \begin{itemize} \item $\sage{s1[0]}$ \item $\sage{s2[0]}$ \item $\sage{s3[0]}$ \end{itemize} \end{frame} Everything compiles just fine, and in that slide I am able to see the solutions to the three equations respective parameters in that itemized list (for example the first item in the itemized list from that beamer slide is outputted as [a1=(328/667), b1=(65272/667)] (I am not able to post an image of the beamer slide but I hope you get the idea). I would like to save the parameter values a1,b1,a2,b2,a3,b3 into R objects so that I can use them in simulations. I cannot find any documentation in the sagetex package on how to save output from sage commands into variables for use with other programs (in this case R). Any suggestions on how to get these values into R?

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