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• 7 Performance Tips For Faster SQL Queries

  While database tuning is an art, these tips can help avoid common SQL problems.

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• What use is a Business Logic Layer (BLL)?

  - by Andrew S. Arnold

  In reading up on good practice for database applications I've frequently come across advocates of so-called "business logic layers" and I'm trying to decide if it's best for my project to use one (it's a small personal project). My issue lies in the fact that I can't think of anything for the BLL to do that the DAL can't already handle (executing queries and mapping results to objects), so my BLL just calls the DAL without doing anything itself. Maybe I'm wrong about exactly what the DAL should be doing too. But regardless, what sorts of functionality should be expected of a BLL in a database management application?

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• Benchmarks Using Oracle Solaris 11

  - by Brian

  The following is a list of links to recent benchmarks which used Oracle Solaris 11. Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database Performance on SPARC T4-2 World Record Performance on PeopleSoft Enterprise Financials Benchmark on SPARC T4-2 SPARC T4 Servers Running Oracle Solaris 11 and Oracle RAC Deliver World Record on PeopleSoft HRMS 9.1 SPEC CPU2006 Results on Oracle's Sun x86 Servers SPARC T4-4 Beats 8-CPU IBM POWER7 on TPC-H @3000GB Benchmark SPARC T4-2 Delivers World Record SPECjvm2008 Result with Oracle Solaris 11 SPARC T4-2 Server Beats Intel (Westmere AES-NI) on ZFS Encryption Tests SPARC T4 Processor Beats Intel (Westmere AES-NI) on AES Encryption Tests SPARC T4 Processor Outperforms IBM POWER7 and Intel (Westmere AES-NI) on OpenSSL AES Encryption Test SPARC T4-1 Server Outperforms Intel (Westmere AES-NI) on IPsec Encryption Tests SPARC T4-2 Server Beats Intel (Westmere AES-NI) on SSL Network Tests SPARC T4-2 Server Beats Intel (Westmere AES-NI) on Oracle Database Tablespace Encryption Queries

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• At $20/month Windows Azure host my website with 99.97% uptime

  - by Gopinath

  Couple of years ago a reliable and decent performing Windows hosting was not affordable to many enthusiastic developers who want to try a startup idea or build a hobby site. I tried to start an ASP.NET website few years ago to provide services like – Mobile Tracing, Vehicle Tracing. But due to high cost of Windows hosting I developed those services using PHP (not an easy task for .NET developer) and hosted on them Linux servers.  But with recent evolution of Windows Azure, hosting ASP.NET websites on highly reliable servers is affordable. Today anyone can host a high responsive and available ASP.NET website for just $20/month using Windows Azure. My website coziie.com is running on Windows Azure and serves close to quarter millions visitors a month with 99.97% of uptime and most of the page load times are less than 3 seconds. All I spend to run this website is just around $20, if you translate it to India rupees its roughly Rs.1000. The web sever of coziie.com is powered by a single Extra Small Web role instance and the backend is powered by a SQL Azure instance. Azure is quite impressive to provide 99.97% of uptime. Response times during peak are around 3 seconds and on nomarl loads it is around 1.5 seconds. Here is the report of uptime provided by Royal Pingdom over last one year For just $20/month Windows Azure takes care of the following apart from hosting Patches up Windows OS to the latest version Upgrades ASP.NET to the latest version – coziie.com is running on ASP.NET MVC 3 and soon I’ll upgrade it to ASP.NET MVC 4 Hosts data on latest and best version Sql Server database SQL Azure maintains 3 copies of database and automatically recovers in case of server failures and disasters. I never worry about database backups/restore. Provides staging environment for deploying applications for testing purpose and move them to production – I upgrade  twice a month on average With Windows Azure I no longer focus on server maintenance or data backups. They are taken up by Microsoft team and I just focus on building my website. Wish there is a low cost Linux version of Windows Azure so that I can stop worrying about server maintenance of this blog!! If you are looking for a Windows hosting, look no further than Windows Azure. If you find $20/month is a bit expensive to start with you may explore Azure Website (sort of shared hosted environment) which is free to start with and as your traffic grows you can move to paid hosting.

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• Enabling EUS support in OUD 11gR2 using command line interface

  - by Sylvain Duloutre

  Enterprise User Security (EUS) allows Oracle Database to use users & roles stored in LDAP for authentication and authorization.Since the 11gR2 release, OUD natively supports EUS. EUS can be easily configured during OUD setup. ODSM (the graphical admin console) can also be used to enable EUS for a new suffix. However, enabling EUS for a new suffix using command line interface is currently not documented, so here is the procedure: Let's assume that EUS support was enabled during initial setup.Let's o=example be the new suffix I want to use to store Enterprise users. The following sequence of command must be applied for each new suffix: // Create a local database holding EUS context infodsconfig create-workflow-element --set base-dn:cn=OracleContext,o=example --set enabled:true --type db-local-backend --element-name exampleContext -n // Add a workflow element in the call path to generate on the fly attributes required by EUSdsconfig create-workflow-element --set enabled:true --type eus-context --element-name eusContext --set next-workflow-element:exampleContext -n // Add the context to a workflow for routingdsconfig create-workflow --set base-dn:cn=OracleContext,o=example --set enabled:true --set workflow-element:eusContext --workflow-name exampleContext_workflow -n //Add the new workflow to the appropriate network groupdsconfig set-network-group-prop --group-name network-group --add workflow:exampleContext_workflow -n // Create the local database for o=exampledsconfig create-workflow-element --set base-dn:o=example --set enabled:true --type db-local-backend --element-name example -n // Create a workflow element in the call path to the user data to generate on the fly attributes expected by EUS dsconfig create-workflow-element --set enabled:true --set eus-realm:o=example --set next-workflow-element:example --type eus --element-name eusWfe// Add the db to a workflow for routingdsconfig create-workflow --set base-dn:o=example --set enabled:true --set workflow-element:eusWfe --workflow-name example_workflow -n //Add the new workflow to the appropriate network groupdsconfig set-network-group-prop --group-name network-group --add workflow:example_workflow -n  // Add the appropriate acis for EUSdsconfig set-access-control-handler-prop \           --add global-aci:'(target="ldap:///o=example")(targetattr="authpassword")(version 3.0; acl "EUS reads authpassword"; allow (read,search,compare) userdn="ldap:///??sub?(&(objectclass=orclservice)(objectclass=orcldbserver))";)' dsconfig set-access-control-handler-prop \       --add global-aci:'(target="ldap:///o=example")(targetattr="orclaccountstatusevent")(version 3.0; acl "EUS writes orclaccountstatusenabled"; allow (write) userdn="ldap:///??sub?(&(objectclass=orclservice)(objectclass=orcldbserver))";)' Last but not least you must adapt the content of the ${OUD}/config/EUS/eusData.ldif  file with your suffix value then inport it into OUD.

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• Turnkey with LightSwitch

  - by Laila

  Microsoft has long wanted to find a replacement for Microsoft Access. The best attempt yet, which is due out in, or before, September is Visual Studio LightSwitch, with which it is said to be as 'easy as flipping a switch' to use Silverlight to create simple form-driven business applications. It is easy to get confused by the various initiatives from Microsoft. No, this isn't WebMatrix. There is no 'Razor', for this isn't meant for cute little ecommerce sites, but is designed to build simple database-applications of the card-box type. It is more clearly a .NET-based solution to the problem that every business seems to suffer from; the plethora of Access-based, and Excel-based 'private' and departmental database-applications. These are a nightmare for any IT department since they are often 'stealth' applications built by the business in the teeth of opposition from the IT Department zealots. As they are undocumented, it is scarily easy to bring a whole department into disarray by decommissioning a PC tucked under a desk somewhere. With LightSwitch, it is easy to re-write such applications in a standard, maintainable, way, using a SQL Server database, deployed somewhere reasonably safe such as Azure. Even Sharepoint or Windows Communication Foundation can be used as data sources. Oracle's ApEx has taken off remarkably well, and has shaken the perception that, for the business user, Oracle must remain a mystic force accessible only to the priests and acolytes. Microsoft, by comparison had only Access, which was first released in 1992, the year of the Madonna conical bustier. It looks just as dated. Microsoft badly needed an entirely new solution to the same business requirement that led to Access's and Foxpro's long-time popularity, but which had the same allure as ApEx. LightSwitch is sound in its ideas, and comfortingly conventional in its architecture. By giving an easy access to SQL Server databases, and providing a 'thumb and blanket' migration path to Access-heads, LightSwitch seems likely to offer a simple way of pulling more Microsoft users into the .NET community. If Microsoft puts its weight behind it, then it will give some glimmer of hope to the many Silverlight developers that Microsoft is capable of seeing through its .NET revolution.

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• C# WebForms and Ninject

  - by ipohfly

  I'm re-working on the design of an existing application which is build using WebForms. Currently the plan is to work it into a MVP pattern application while using Ninject as the IoC container. The reason for Ninject to be there is that the boss had wanted a certain flexibility within the system so that we can build in different flavor of business logic in the model and let the programmer to choose which to use based on the client request, either via XML configuration or database setting. I know that Ninject have no need for XML configuration, however I'm confused on how it can help to dynamically inject the dependency into the system? Imagine I have a interface IMember and I need to bind this interface to the class decided by a xml or database configuration at the launch of the application, how can I achieve that?

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• At which architecture level are you running BDD tests (e.g. Cucumber)

  - by Pete

  I have in the last year gotten quite fond of using SpecFlow (which is a .NET port of Cucumber) I have used it both to test a ASP.NET MVC application at the web layer, i.e. using browser automation, but also at the controller layer. The first gives me a higher confidence in the correctness of the application, because JavaScript is tested, and improper controller configuration is also caught. But those tests are slower to execute, and more complex to implement, than those just testing on the controller layer. My tests are full functional tests, i.e. they exercise all layers of the application, all the way down to the database. So the first thing before any scenario is that the database is cleared of data, allowing the test to assume that only data specified in the "Given" block exists. Then I see example on how to use it, where they test just exercise the model layer. So what are your experiences with these tools? Which layer of the application do you test?

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• SQL Server Express Profiler

  - by David Turner

  During a recent project, while waiting for our Development Database to be provisioned on the clients corporate SQL Server Environment (these things can sometimes take weeks or months to be setup), we began our initial development against a local instance on SQL Server Express, just as an interim measure until the Development database was live.  This was going just fine, until we found that we needed to do some profiling to understand a problem we were having with the performance of our ORM generated Data Access Layer.  The full version of SQL Server Management Studio includes a profiler, that we could use to help with this kind of problem, however the Express version does not, so I was really pleased to find that there is a freely available Profiler for SQL Server Express imaginatively titled ‘SQL Server Express Profiler’, and it worked great for us.  http://sites.google.com/site/sqlprofiler/

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• SQL SERVER Check the Isolation Level with DBCCuseroptions

  In recent consultancy project coordinator asked me – “can you tell me what is the isolation level for this database?” I have worked with different isolation levels but have not ever queried database for the same. I quickly looked up bookonline and found out the DBCC command which can give me the same details. You [...]...Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• Should I just always Convert.ToInt32 my integers to account for potential nullable integers?

  - by Rowan Freeman

  If my MSSQL database contains a data type that is NULL (i.e. null is allowed) then ORMs, such as EntityFramework in my case, create .NET objects that are nullable. This is great, and the way I use nullables is like this: C# int? someInt = 5; int newInt = someInt.Value; // woot VB.NET Dim someInt As Integer? Dim newInt As Integer = someInt.Value ' hooray However, recently I had to make a change to the database to make an Id field no longer NULL (nullable). This means that .Value is now broken. This is a nuisance if the Id property is used a lot. One solution that I thought of is to just use Convert.ToInt32 on Id fields so it doesn't matter if an int is nullable or not. C# int newInt = Convert.ToInt32(someInt); // always compiles VB.NET Dim newInt As Integer = Convert.ToInt32(someInt) ' always compiles Is this a bad approach and are there any alternatives?

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• How to get client machine ip address in custom realm? [on hold]

  - by Sumit

  I want to get client machine ip address in my custom Realm when client attempt to login basically here is detail requirement of project User having role 'Admin' can add new users and assign multiple roles and permission ,and at the same time specify list of ip address and countries to restrict them to access website. All these information i am storing in database. So basically till now i am using shiro default 'authc' filter but now i want ip address of client machine and get country from where request is coming and check it against database and then and then only allow access to website. Any help..? Thanks and regards

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• Windows Server, SQL Server [on hold]

  - by user136329

  I will give high level details of my requirement. We have one web application which accesses the database through SYBASE. The following technologies being used. Visual Studio 2010 .NET frame work 4.5 and for reporting Crystal Report. These are housed on windows server 2008. And for Database we use different servers. We are thinking of moving to SQL Server to be able to utilize the reporting features. My question is does SQL Server can be part of Windows Server 2008 R2 or we needed to have additional server for SQL?

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• Would you consider using training/mentoring from LearnersParadise.com?

  - by HK1

  My initial question deserves some explanation. I signed up for an account at learnersparadise.com. After signing up I couldn't login so I opted to use their "send password" feature. Upon receiving my password in my email I confirmed two things A) They trimmed off 2 of the last digits of my 10-digit password without informing me and saved it that way in their database B) my password is not saved in their database using a one-way hash since they were able to email me my password. I'm quite certain that both of these are perfectly awful programming practices. I suspect that the mentors/trainers at learnersparadise are not necessarily affiliated with the website and it's design since they are basically people like you and me (hopefully more skill than me) who have signed up to become mentors. However, I'm still uncertain about signing up for training/mentoring at a site that uses such poor programming practices themselves? Would you let learnersparadise poor programming practices affect your opinion of their trainers/mentors?

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• Part 8: How to name EBS Customizations

  - by volker.eckardt(at)oracle.com

  You might wonder why I am discussing this here. The reason is simple: nearly every project has a bit different naming conventions, which makes a the life always a bit complicated (for developers, but also setup responsible, and also for consultants).  Although we always create a document to describe the technical object naming conventions, I have rarely seen a dedicated document  with functional naming conventions. To be precisely, from my stand point, there should always be one global naming definition for an implementation! Let me discuss some related questions: What is the best convention for the customization reference? How to name database objects (tables, packages etc.)? How to name functional objects like Value Sets, Concurrent Programs, etc. How to separate customizations from standard objects best? What is the best convention for the customization reference? The customization reference is the key you use to reference your customization from other lists, from the project plan etc. Usually it is something like XXHU_CONV_22 (HU=customer abbreviation, CONV=Conversion object #22) or XXFA_DEPRN_RPT_02 (FA=Fixed Assets, DEPRN=Short object group, here depreciation, RPT=Report, 02=2nd report in this area) As this is just a reference (not an object name yet), I would prefer the second option. XX=Customization, FA=Main EBS Module linked (you may have sometimes more, but FA is the main) DEPRN_RPT=Short name to specify the customization 02=a unique number Important here is that the HU isn’t used, because XX is enough to mark a custom object, and the 3rd+4th char can be used by the EBS module short name. How to name database objects (tables, packages etc.)? I was leading different developer teams, and I know that one common way is it to take the Customization reference and add more chars behind to classify the object (like _V for view and _T1 for triggers etc.). The only concern I have with this approach is the reusability. If you name your view XXFA_DEPRN_RPT_02_V, no one will by choice reuse this nice view, as it seams to be specific for this CEMLI. My suggestion is rather to name the view XXFA_DEPRN_PERIODS_V and allow herewith reusability for other CEMLIs (although the view will be deployed primarily with CEMLI package XXFA_DEPRN_RPT_02). (check also one of the following Blogs where I will talk about deployment.) How to name Value Sets, Concurrent Programs, etc. For Value Sets I would go with the same convention as for database objects, starting with XX<Module> …. For Concurrent Programs the situation is a bit different. This “object” is seen and used by a lot of users, and they will search for. In many projects it is common to start again with the company short name, or with XX. My proposal would differ. If you have created your own report and you name it “XX: Invoice Report”, the user has to remember that this report does not start with “I”, it starts with X. Would you like typing an X if you are looking for an Invoice report? No, you wouldn’t! So my advise would be to name it:   “Invoice Report (XXAP)”. Still we know it is custom (because of the XXAP), but the end user will type the key “i” to get it (and will see similar reports starting also with “i”). I hope that the general schema behind has now become obvious. How to separate customizations from standard objects best? I would not have this section here if the naming would not play an important role. Unfortunately, we can not always link a custom application to our own object, therefore the naming is really important. In the file system structure we use our $XXyy_TOP, in JAVA_TOP it is perhaps also “xx” in front. But in the database itself? Although there are different concepts in place, still many implementations are using the standard “apps” approach, means custom objects are stored in the apps schema (which should not cause any trouble). Final advise: review the naming conventions regularly, once a month. You may have to add more! And, publish them! To summarize: Technical and functional customized objects should always follow a naming convention. This naming convention should be project wide, and only one place shall be used to maintain (like in a Wiki). If the name is for the end user, rather put a customization identifier at the end; if it is an internal name, start with XX…

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• How should I handle "real time" events in an online strategy game?

  - by Hojat Taheri

  Some online strategy games have real time events. For example when you send troops to attack somewhere, the attack happens at the right time in the future. Checking the database again and again to get the list of attacks happening each second would cause heavy load. Is there any technique to achieve this goal? Another example: You want to attack a village 3 hours away, you send troops and the attack occurs 3 hours later. Should there be an script to check the database at each second to run the query at the specified time?

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• Managing multiple references of the same game entity in different places using IDs

  - by vargonian

  I've seen great questions on similar topics, but none that addressed this particular method: Given that I have multiple collections of game entities in my [XNA Game Studio] game, with many entities belonging to multiple lists, I'm considering ways I could keep track of whenever an entity is destroyed and remove it from the lists it belongs to. A lot of potential methods seem sloppy/convoluted, but I'm reminded of a way I've seen before in which, instead of having multiple collections of game entities, you have collections of game entity IDs instead. These IDs map to game entities via a central "database" (perhaps just a hash table). So, whenever any bit of code wants to access a game entity's members, it first checks to see if it's even in the database still. If not, it can react accordingly. Is this a sound approach? It seems that it would eliminate many of the risks/hassles of storing multiple lists, with the tradeoff being the cost of the lookup every time you want to access an object.

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• Perspective in Modeling

  - by drsql

  Your task, model a database that represents a suburban block.  You survey the area, and see the following houses (pictures culled from Wikipedia here ) and So you look at the houses, start modeling roofs, windows, lawn, driveway, mail boxes, porches, etc etc. You get done, and with your 30+ tables you are feeling great, right? I know I would be. “I knocked this out of the park! We can capture everything about these houses.  I…am…a…superhero database modeler,” I think, “I will get a big...(read more)

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• Why ISVs Run Applications on Oracle SuperCluster

  - by Parnian Taidi-Oracle

  Michael Palmeter, Senior Director Product Development of Oracle Engineered Systems, discusses how ISVs can easily run up to 20x faster, gain 28:1 storage compression, and grow presence in the market all without any changes to their code in this short video. One of the family of Oracle engineered systems products, Oracle SuperCluster provides maximum end-to-end database and application performance with minimal initial and ongoing support and maintenance effort, at the lowest total cost of ownership. Java or enterprise applications running on Oracle Database 11gR2 or higher and Oracle Solaris 11 can run up to 20X faster than traditional platforms on Oracle SuperCluster without any changes to their code.  Large number of customers are consolidating hundreds of their applications and databases on Oracle SuperCluster and are requiring their ISVs to support it. ISVs can become Oracle SuperCluster Ready and Oracle SuperCluster Optimized by joining the Oracle Exastack program. 

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• What Counts for a DBA: Humility

  - by drsql

  In football (the American sort, naturally,) there are a select group of players who really hope to never have their names called during the game. They are members of the offensive line, and their job is to protect other players so they can deliver the ball to the goal to score points. When you do hear their name called, it is usually because they made a mistake and the player that they were supposed to protect ended up flat on his back admiring the clouds in the sky instead of advancing towards the goal to scoring point. Even on the rare occasion their name is called for a good reason, it is usually because they were making up for a teammate who had made a mistake and they covered up for them. The role of offensive lineman is a very good analogy for the role of the admin DBA. As a DBA, you are called on to be barely visible and rarely heard, protecting the company data assets tenaciously, even though the enemies to our craft surround us on all sides:. Developers: Cries of ‘foul!’ often ensue when the DBA says that they want data integrity to be stringently enforced and that documentation is needed so they can support systems, mostly because every error occurrence in the enterprise will be initially blamed on the database and fall to the DBA to troubleshoot. Insisting too loudly may bring those cries of ‘foul’ that somewhat remind you of when your 2 year old daughter didn't want to go to bed. The result of this petulance is that the next "enemy" gets involved. Managers: The concerns that motivate DBAs to argue will not excite the kind of manager who gets his technical knowledge from a glossy magazine filled with buzzwords, charts, and pretty pictures. However, the other programmers in the organization will tickle the buzzword void with a stream of new-sounding ideas and technologies constantly, along with warnings that if we did care about data integrity and document things, the budget would explode! In contrast, the arguments for integrity of data and supportability tend to be about as exciting as watching grass grow, and far too many manager types seem to prefer to smoke it than watch it. Packaged Applications: The DBA is rarely given a chance to review a new application that is being demonstrated for the enterprise, and rarer still is the DBA that gets a veto of an application because the database it uses has clearly been created by an architect that won't read a data modeling book because he is already married. More often than not this leads to hours of work for the DBA trying to performance-tune a database with a menagerie of rules that must be followed to stay within the  application support agreement, such as no changing indexes on a third party schema even though there are 10 billion rows instead of the 10 thousand when the system was last optimized. Hardware Failures: Physical disks, networking devices, memory, and backup devices all come with a measure known as ‘mean time before failure’ and it is never listed in centuries or eons. More like years, and the term ‘mean’ indicates that half of the devices are expected to fail before that, which by my calendar means any hour of any day that it wants to fail it will. But the DBA sucks it up and does the task at hand with a humility that makes them nearly invisible to all but the most observant person in the organization. The best DBAs I know are so proactive in their relentless pursuit of perfection that they detect many of the bugs (which they seldom caused) in the system well before they become a problem. In the end the DBA gets noticed for one of same two reasons as the offensive lineman. You make a mistake, like dropping a critical production database that had never been backed up; or when a system crashes for any reason whatsoever and they are on the spot with troubleshooting and system restoration plans that have been well thought out, tested, and tested again. Not because there is any glory in it, but because it is what they do.   Note: The characteristics of the professions referred to in this blog are meant to be overstated stereotypes for humorous effect, and even some DBAs aren't quite this perfect. If you are reading this far and haven’t hand written a 10 page flaming comment about how you are a _______ and you aren’t like this, that is awesome. Not every situation applies to everyone, but if you have never worked with a bad packaged app, a magazine trained manager, programmers that aren’t team players, or hardware that occasionally failed, relax and go have a unicorn sandwich before you wake up.

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• SQL 2014 does data the way developers want

  - by Rob Farley

  A post I’ve been meaning to write for a while, good that it fits with this month’s T-SQL Tuesday, hosted by Joey D’Antoni (@jdanton) Ever since I got into databases, I’ve been a fan. I studied Pure Maths at university (as well as Computer Science), and am very comfortable with Set Theory, which undergirds relational database concepts. But I’ve also spent a long time as a developer, and appreciate that that databases don’t exactly fit within the stuff I learned in my first year of uni, particularly the “Algorithms and Data Structures” subject, in which we studied concepts like linked lists. Writing in languages like C, we used pointers to quickly move around data, without a database in sight. Of course, if we had a power failure all this data was lost, as it was only persisted in RAM. Perhaps it’s why I’m a fan of database internals, of indexes, latches, execution plans, and so on – the developer in me wants to be reassured that we’re getting to the data as efficiently as possible. Back when SQL Server 2005 was approaching, one of the big stories was around CLR. Many were saying that T-SQL stored procedures would be a thing of the past because we now had CLR, and that obviously going to be much faster than using the abstracted T-SQL. Around the same time, we were seeing technologies like Linq-to-SQL produce poor T-SQL equivalents, and developers had had a gutful. They wanted to move away from T-SQL, having lost trust in it. I was never one of those developers, because I’d looked under the covers and knew that despite being abstracted, T-SQL was still a good way of getting to data. It worked for me, appealing to both my Set Theory side and my Developer side. CLR hasn’t exactly become the default option for stored procedures, although there are plenty of situations where it can be useful for getting faster performance. SQL Server 2014 is different though, through Hekaton – its In-Memory OLTP environment. When you create a table using Hekaton (that is, a memory-optimized one), the table you create is the kind of thing you’d’ve made as a developer. It creates code in C leveraging structs and pointers and arrays, which it compiles into fast code. When you insert data into it, it creates a new instance of a struct in memory, and adds it to an array. When the insert is committed, a small write is made to the transaction to make sure it’s durable, but none of the locking and latching behaviour that typifies transactional systems is needed. Indexes are done using hashes and using bw-trees (which avoid locking through the use of pointers) and by handling each updates as a delete-and-insert. This is data the way that developers do it when they’re coding for performance – the way I was taught at university before I learned about databases. Being done in C, it compiles to very quick code, and although these tables don’t support every feature that regular SQL tables do, this is still an excellent direction that has been taken. @rob_farley

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• 'ia32-libs is not installed' while installing Skype on Ubuntu

  - by Vit Kos

  I downloaded skype from official site, but when installing I get this type of error (Reading database ... 100% (Reading database ... 150271 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking skype (from .../skype-ubuntu_4.0.0.8-1_amd64.deb) ... dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of skype: skype depends on ia32-libs; however: Package ia32-libs is not installed. dpkg: error processing skype (--install): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ... Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ... Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf.index... Processing triggers for gnome-menus ... Read about that I need to install ia32-libs. Tried to install them like this sudo apt-get install package-name:i386 But it doesn't find it. Any hint? Thx.

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• Mnesia: A Distributed DBMS Rooted in Concurrency

  Find out what makes Mnesia, the Erlang-based database management system, perfect for distribution across a network of computers.

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• removing an ssrs instance from a scale-out deployment

  - by Alex Bransky

  If you're like me you had at one time connected one of your Reporting Services instances to a report server database that was already in use by another instance.  This allows the instance to show up in the Scale-out Deployment section of the Reporting Services Configuration Manager.  My problem was that the server that got joined to the original server was no longer available as it had been repurposed, and when I clicked Remove Server to remove it from my scale-out it would fail because it couldn't contact the server.  After searching for a solution for quite some time I decided to look around in the report server database tables, and voila!  All I had to do was remove the old server from the Keys table.  I can't guarantee there won't be any side effects to this method, but it worked like a charm for me.

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• Access Control Service v2: Registering Web Identities in your Applications [concepts]

  - by Your DisplayName here!

  ACS v2 support two fundamental types of client identities– I like to call them “enterprise identities” (WS-*) and “web identities” (Google, LiveID, OpenId in general…). I also see two different “mind sets” when it comes to application design using the above identity types: Enterprise identities – often the fact that a client can present a token from a trusted identity provider means he is a legitimate user of the application. Trust relationships and authorization details have been negotiated out of band (often on paper). Web identities – the fact that a user can authenticate with Google et al does not necessarily mean he is a legitimate (or registered) user of an application. Typically additional steps are necessary (like filling out a form, email confirmation etc). Sometimes also a mixture of both approaches exist, for the sake of this post, I will focus on the web identity case. I got a number of questions how to implement the web identity scenario and after some conversations it turns out it is the old authentication vs. authorization problem that gets in the way. Many people use the IsAuthenticated property on IIdentity to make security decisions in their applications (or deny user=”?” in ASP.NET terms). That’s a very natural thing to do, because authentication was done inside the application and we knew exactly when the IsAuthenticated condition is true. Been there, done that. Guilty ;) The fundamental difference between these “old style” apps and federation is, that authentication is not done by the application anymore. It is done by a third party service, and in the case of web identity providers, in services that are not under our control (nor do we have a formal business relationship with these providers). Now the issue is, when you switch to ACS, and someone with a Google account authenticates, indeed IsAuthenticated is true – because that’s what he is! This does not mean, that he is also authorized to use the application. It just proves he was able to authenticate with Google. Now this obviously leads to confusion. How can we solve that? Easy answer: We have to deal with authentication and authorization separately. Job done ;) For many application types I see this general approach: Application uses ACS for authentication (maybe both enterprise and web identities, we focus on web identities but you could easily have a dual approach here) Application offers to authenticate (or sign in) via web identity accounts like LiveID, Google, Facebook etc. Application also maintains a database of its “own” users. Typically you want to store additional information about the user In such an application type it is important to have a unique identifier for your users (think the primary key of your user database). What would that be? Most web identity provider (and all the standard ACS v2 supported ones) emit a NameIdentifier claim. This is a stable ID for the client (scoped to the relying party – more on that later). Furthermore ACS emits a claims identifying the identity provider (like the original issuer concept in WIF). When you combine these two values together, you can be sure to have a unique identifier for the user, e.g.: Facebook-134952459903700\799880347 You can now check on incoming calls, if the user is already registered and if yes, swap the ACS claims with claims coming from your user database. One claims would maybe be a role like “Registered User” which can then be easily used to do authorization checks in the application. The WIF claims authentication manager is a perfect place to do the claims transformation. If the user is not registered, show a register form. Maybe you can use some claims from the identity provider to pre-fill form fields. (see here where I show how to use the Facebook API to fetch additional user properties). After successful registration (which may include other mechanisms like a confirmation email), flip the bit in your database to make the web identity a registered user. This is all very theoretical. In the next post I will show some code and provide a download link for the complete sample. More on NameIdentifier Identity providers “guarantee” that the name identifier for a given user in your application will always be the same. But different applications (in the case of ACS – different ACS namespaces) will see different name identifiers. This is by design to protect the privacy of users because identical name identifiers could be used to create “profiles” of some sort for that user. In technical terms they create the name identifier approximately like this: name identifier = Hash((Provider Internal User ID) + (Relying Party Address)) Why is this important to know? Well – when you change the name of your ACS namespace, the name identifiers will change as well and you will will lose your “connection” to your existing users. Oh an btw – never use any other claims (like email address or name) to form a unique ID – these can often be changed by users.

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