Using Objective-C Blocks
- by Sean
Today I was experimenting with Objective-C's blocks so I thought I'd be clever and add to NSArray a few functional-style collection methods that I've seen in other languages:
@interface NSArray (FunWithBlocks)
- (NSArray *)collect:(id (^)(id obj))block;
- (NSArray *)select:(BOOL (^)(id obj))block;
- (NSArray *)flattenedArray;
@end
The collect: method takes a block which is called for each item in the array and expected to return the results of some operation using that item. The result is the collection of all of those results. (If the block returns nil, nothing is added to the result set.)
The select: method will return a new array with only the items from the original that, when passed as an argument to the block, the block returned YES.
And finally, the flattenedArray method iterates over the array's items. If an item is an array, it recursively calls flattenedArray on it and adds the results to the result set. If the item isn't an array, it adds the item to the result set. The result set is returned when everything is finished.
So now that I had some infrastructure, I needed a test case. I decided to find all package files in the system's application directories. This is what I came up with:
NSArray *packagePaths = [[[NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSAllApplicationsDirectory, NSAllDomainsMask, YES) collect:^(id path) { return (id)[[[NSFileManager defaultManager] contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:path error:nil] collect:^(id file) { return (id)[path stringByAppendingPathComponent:file]; }]; }] flattenedArray] select:^(id fullPath) { return [[NSWorkspace sharedWorkspace] isFilePackageAtPath:fullPath]; }];
Yep - that's all one line and it's horrid. I tried a few approaches at adding newlines and indentation to try to clean it up, but it still feels like the actual algorithm is lost in all the noise. I don't know if it's just a syntax thing or my relative in-experience with using a functional style that's the problem, though.
For comparison, I decided to do it "the old fashioned way" and just use loops:
NSMutableArray *packagePaths = [NSMutableArray new];
for (NSString *searchPath in NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSAllApplicationsDirectory, NSAllDomainsMask, YES)) {
for (NSString *file in [[NSFileManager defaultManager] contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:searchPath error:nil]) {
NSString *packagePath = [searchPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:file];
if ([[NSWorkspace sharedWorkspace] isFilePackageAtPath:packagePath]) {
[packagePaths addObject:packagePath];
}
}
}
IMO this version was easier to write and is more readable to boot.
I suppose it's possible this was somehow a bad example, but it seems like a legitimate way to use blocks to me. (Am I wrong?) Am I missing something about how to write or structure Objective-C code with blocks that would clean this up and make it clearer than (or even just as clear as) the looped version?
