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• Why grep -i is so slow? How to do it faster for ASCII?

  - by Vi.

  $ time lzop -d < tvtropes-index.lzo | egrep -B 5 '[Dd][eE][sS][cC][eE][nN][dD] ?[Ff][rR][oO][mM]' real 0m0.438s $ time lzop -d < tvtropes-index.lzo | egrep -B 5 'descend ?from' -i real 0m11.294s Both search insensitively. why -i so slow? How to make fast grep -i without entering things [iI][nN] [tT][hH][iI][sS] [wW][aA][Yy]? For example, perl -ne 'print if /descend ?from/i' works fast, but '-B 5' is not as trivial to implement as in grep (as well as other options).

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• How do you create virtual folders from saved search

  - by Jérôme Radix

  I would like to have on unix-like platforms, the same functionality as to Windows 7 Library folders (aka virtual folders) you see in Windows Explorer. Gnome Nautilus do that kind of virtual folders through saved search. But I want a system-wide solution, not a gnome-wide solution. Is there a tool that creates virtual folders from the concatenation of multiple search queries (the result of multiple find commands ?). The solution should index files for better performances and you should be able to define the default folder for copy operations. I assume the solution of this kind of problem certainly use FUSE, but I can't see a complete solution to this kind of task in FUSE applications.

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• Getting permission denied error

  - by JM4

  On my Media Temple DV 4.0 server I am getting permission denied errors: -bash: cd: httpdocs: Permission denied If I switch from my login user to sudo (sudo su) or switch to root using su-, I can access the directory with any issue. This is just my site's files directory though so not sure why I'm being denied. Additionally, I added my user to the visudo commands file with: user ALL=(ALL) ALL Any suggestions to what else could be the issue?

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• SSD suddenly full

  - by Daniel

  Today the hard drive of our server was suddenly full. The disk usage always stayed around 50 % in the weeks and months before (old data is regularly expunged from the server). I deleted 10 GB of files in /tmp, which strangely freed 51 GB. Here is what I did: root@***:~# df -h Dateisystem Size Used Avail Use% Eingehängt auf /dev/sda3 139G 137G 0 100% / tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 3,9G 116K 3,9G 1% /dev tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 985M 25M 910M 3% /boot root@***:/var# du -hs * 3,3M backups 438M cache 9,4G lib 4,0K local 12K lock 76M log 24K mail 4,0K opt 88K run 184K spool 10G tmp 12K www root@***:/var/tmp# find -type f -print0 | xargs -0 rm root@***:/var/tmp# df -h Dateisystem Size Used Avail Use% Eingehängt auf /dev/sda3 139G 81G 51G 62% / tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 3,9G 116K 3,9G 1% /dev tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 985M 25M 910M 3% /boot Any explanation as to why deleting 10 GB in /tmp gave me back 51 GB on the disk? Could this point to an SSD failure? Are there any tools for Debian to test SSD health? I already have checked syslog. The first entry relating to this incidient is a mysql message: 1:22:02 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Disk is full writing... So I have absolutely no idea what caused this.

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• How to keep source frame rate with mencoder/ffmpeg?

  - by Sandra

  I would like to crop and rotate a video, and then encode it to mp4 or mkv. mencoder video.mp4 -vf rotate=1,crop=720:1280:0:0 -oac pcm -ovc x264 -x264encopts preset=veryslow:tune=film:crf=15:frameref=15:fast_pskip=0:threads=auto -lavfopts format=matroska -o test.mkv But when I do the above encoding, the frame rate is way too fast. The encoding options were something I found, so I don't know if that is the problem. Question All I want is to crop and rotate the video, and keep the audio/video quality as good as possible. Have anyone tried this?

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• Log ports opened by an application

  - by Simon A. Eugster

  I'm searching for something like: tcpdump -p PID # But tcpdump does not know the PID or lsof -i --continuous # But lsof just runs and exits, no «live logging» to log which connections an application opens. In my case, I want to find out to which port git connects when committing. This happens in a fraction of a second, so I cannot use lsof. If there is a lot of traffic, filtering by PID or process name would be useful.

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• Route eth0 to internet traffic and eth1 to local traffic

  - by Romain Caire

  How can I route all my internet traffic on eth0 (everything except 192.168.1.0/24) and route my local traffic through eth1 (192.168.1.0)? Here is my attempt : # Flush ALL THE THINGS. ip route flush table main # Restore the main table. I flushed it because OpenVPN does weird things to it. ip route add 127.0.0.0/8 via 127.0.0.1 dev lo ip route add 0.0.0.0/0 via 164.67.195.1 ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 ip route flush cache

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• How to bulk-rename files with invalid encoding or bulk-replace invalid encoded characters?

  - by qdoe

  I have a debian server and I'm hosting music for an internet radio station. I have trouble with file names and paths because a lot of files got an invalid encoding, for example: ./music/Bändname - Some Title - additional Info/B?ndname - 07 - This Title Is Cörtain, The EncÃ?ding Not.mp3 Ideally, I would like to remove everything that is not letters A-Z/a-z or numbers 0-9 or dash -/underscore _... The result should look like something like that: ./music/Bndname-SomeTitle-additionalInfo/Bndname-07-ThisTitleIsCrtain,TheEnc?dingNot.mp3 How to achieve this for a batch of a lot of files and directories? I've seen this similar question: bulk rename (or correctly display) files with special characters But this only fixes the encoding, I would prefer a more strict approach as described above.

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• FreeNAS/ZFS/Raid-Z slightly different disks

  - by muskratt

  I'm considering using FreeNAS and "recycling" some of my older 1TB disks. Two are the exact same model Western Digital while another is Seagate and the fourth is Samsung. Typically, since all disks are not equal, I'll create my arrays on a Windows-based server 1GB undersized to prevent a replacement disk not being large enough. Dell is notorious for sending replacement SATA disks of different brand---knock on wood, no problems yet. Since not all drives are created equally and they can vary a few MBs, is there a way to make the the FreeNas/ZFS/Raid-Z function in the same way I do for my Windows-based servers above? Thanks

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• Ubuntu server; Should I add a new user or not?

  - by Camran

  On my Ubuntu server, when I do everything now I do it as "root" user. So for example, logging into ftp filezilla, I enter "root" as username... Is this the way to do it, or should I create a users group and add priveliges to the users in that group? Don't know if I should create a new user or not, it works with root just fine, but I don't want any security flaws... Thanks

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• Does changing web hosts (changing a domain's nameservers) affect the private nameservers / glue records created under that domain?

  - by Kris

  We currently have a virtual dedicated server with GoDaddy and have 4 domains under it. I ended up creating private nameservers under, say mydomain_a.com, and have ns1.mydomain_a.com and ns2.mydomain_a.com as the nameservers for the other 3 domains. Now, we're thinking of switching web hosts (not domain registrar just the host) which means I have to change mydomain_a.com's nameservers to the new host. Will that affect or mess with the other 3 domains still pointing to ns1.mydomain_a.com and ns2.mydomain_a.com? Will that affect the private nameservers / glue records in anyway? Currently: domain: mydomain_a.com nameservers (GoDaddy): ns1.mydomain_a.com ns2.mydomain_a.com domain: mydomain_b.com nameservers (GoDaddy): ns1.mydomain_a.com ns2.mydomain_a.com After the Change: domain: mydomain_a.com nameservers (Other Host): ns1.some_other_host_ns.com ns2.some_other_host_ns.com This is my Question, Would this be affected? domain: mydomain_b.com nameservers (GoDaddy): ns1.mydomain_a.com ns2.mydomain_a.com

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• Unable to install vlc and mplayer after update on fedora 18

  - by mahesh

  I just updated fedora 18 using # yum update Then if I try # rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm I get, Retrieving http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.0K5pWw: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 172ff33d: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: system-release >= 19 is needed by rpmfusion-free-release-19-1.noarch So I tried installing vlc from development version, # rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-rawhide.noarch.rpm I get, Retrieving http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-rawhide.noarch.rpm warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.WZC0gw: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 6446d859: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: system-release >= 21 is needed by rpmfusion-free-release-21-0.1.noarch There's no system release after 20. What does this mean?

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• pptp VPN, routing

  - by Adrian

  Details: eth0 = current internet port pptp1 = VPN connection, if I connect to my provider, he give me an IP address, which is accessible from the internet. This is what I need. I want to connect through this IP back to my PC. I want to keep my primary internet connection (eth0) on my PC for all traffic, but route traffic to VPN for specified application/or port, to access application/port from the IP, which I given from the pptp provider. Huhh? Difficult but, it is possible? If yes, how? Incoming port will be always: 33340 Outgoing port can be change, but usually it is 33330

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• volume group disappeared after xfs_check run

  - by John P

  EDIT** I have a volume group consisting of 5 RAID1 devices grouped together into a lvm and formatted with xfs. The 5th RAID device lost its RAID config (cat /proc/mdstat does not show anything). The two drives are still present (sdj and sdk), but they have no partitions. The LVM appeared to be happily using sdj up until recently. (doing a pvscan showed the first 4 RAID1 devices + /dev/sdj) I removed the LVM from the fstab, rebooted, then ran xfs_check on the LV. It ran for about half an hour, then stopped with an error. I tried rebooting again, and this time when it came up, the logical volume was no longer there. It is now looking for /dev/md5, which is gone (though it had been using /dev/sdj earlier). /dev/sdj was having read errors, but after replacing the SATA cable, those went away, so the drive appears to be fine for now. Can I modify the /etc/lvm/backup/dedvol, change the device to /dev/sdj and do a vgcfgrestore? I could try doing a pvcreate --uuid KZron2-pPTr-ZYeQ-PKXX-4Woq-6aNc-AG4rRJ /dev/sdj to make it recognize it, but I'm afraid that would erase the data on the drive UPDATE: just changing the pv to point to /dev/sdj did not work vgcfgrestore --file /etc/lvm/backup/dedvol dedvol Couldn't find device with uuid 'KZron2-pPTr-ZYeQ-PKXX-4Woq-6aNc-AG4rRJ'. Cannot restore Volume Group dedvol with 1 PVs marked as missing. Restore failed. pvscan /dev/sdj: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 0: Input/output error Couldn't find device with uuid 'KZron2-pPTr-ZYeQ-PKXX-4Woq-6aNc-AG4rRJ'. Couldn't find device with uuid 'KZron2-pPTr-ZYeQ-PKXX-4Woq-6aNc-AG4rRJ'. Couldn't find device with uuid 'KZron2-pPTr-ZYeQ-PKXX-4Woq-6aNc-AG4rRJ'. Couldn't find device with uuid 'KZron2-pPTr-ZYeQ-PKXX-4Woq-6aNc-AG4rRJ'. PV /dev/sdd2 VG VolGroup00 lvm2 [74.41 GB / 0 free] PV /dev/md2 VG dedvol lvm2 [931.51 GB / 0 free] PV /dev/md3 VG dedvol lvm2 [931.51 GB / 0 free] PV /dev/md0 VG dedvol lvm2 [931.51 GB / 0 free] PV /dev/md4 VG dedvol lvm2 [931.51 GB / 0 free] PV unknown device VG dedvol lvm2 [1.82 TB / 63.05 GB free] Total: 6 [5.53 TB] / in use: 6 [5.53 TB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ] vgscan Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... /dev/sdj: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 0: Input/output error /dev/sdj: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 2000398843904: Input/output error Found volume group "VolGroup00" using metadata type lvm2 Found volume group "dedvol" using metadata type lvm2 vgdisplay dedvol --- Volume group --- VG Name dedvol System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 5 Metadata Sequence No 10 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 5 Act PV 5 VG Size 5.46 TB PE Size 4.00 MB Total PE 1430796 Alloc PE / Size 1414656 / 5.40 TB Free PE / Size 16140 / 63.05 GB VG UUID o1U6Ll-5WH8-Pv7Z-Rtc4-1qYp-oiWA-cPD246 dedvol { id = "o1U6Ll-5WH8-Pv7Z-Rtc4-1qYp-oiWA-cPD246" seqno = 10 status = ["RESIZEABLE", "READ", "WRITE"] flags = [] extent_size = 8192 # 4 Megabytes max_lv = 0 max_pv = 0 physical_volumes { pv0 { id = "Msiee7-Zovu-VSJ3-Y2hR-uBVd-6PaT-Ho9v95" device = "/dev/md2" # Hint only status = ["ALLOCATABLE"] flags = [] dev_size = 1953519872 # 931.511 Gigabytes pe_start = 384 pe_count = 238466 # 931.508 Gigabytes } pv1 { id = "ZittCN-0x6L-cOsW-v1v4-atVN-fEWF-e3lqUe" device = "/dev/md3" # Hint only status = ["ALLOCATABLE"] flags = [] dev_size = 1953519872 # 931.511 Gigabytes pe_start = 384 pe_count = 238466 # 931.508 Gigabytes } pv2 { id = "NRNo0w-kgGr-dUxA-mWnl-bU5v-Wld0-XeKVLD" device = "/dev/md0" # Hint only status = ["ALLOCATABLE"] flags = [] dev_size = 1953519872 # 931.511 Gigabytes pe_start = 384 pe_count = 238466 # 931.508 Gigabytes } pv3 { id = "2EfLFr-JcRe-MusW-mfAs-WCct-u4iV-W0pmG3" device = "/dev/md4" # Hint only status = ["ALLOCATABLE"] flags = [] dev_size = 1953519872 # 931.511 Gigabytes pe_start = 384 pe_count = 238466 # 931.508 Gigabytes } pv4 { id = "KZron2-pPTr-ZYeQ-PKXX-4Woq-6aNc-AG4rRJ" device = "/dev/md5" # Hint only status = ["ALLOCATABLE"] flags = [] dev_size = 3907028992 # 1.81935 Terabytes pe_start = 384 pe_count = 476932 # 1.81935 Terabytes } }

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• USER_LOGIN audit log with incorrect auid value?

  - by hijinx

  We have a CentOS 6.2 x86_64 system that's logging what looks to be erroneous audit information. We were receiving alerts for failed logins by a user who wasn't actually trying to log in. After some diagnosis, we figured out that the source of the events is our tool that periodically checks to see if SSH is answering. When that happens, we see this log this entry: type=USER_LOGIN msg=audit(1340312224.011:489216): user pid=28787 uid=0 auid=501 ses=8395 subj=unconfined_u:system_r:sshd_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023 msg='op=login acct=28756E6B6E6F776E207A01234567 exe="/usr/sbin/sshd" hostname=? addr=127.0.0.1 terminal=ssh res=failed' This is the entry we get whenever there is an incomplete ssh connection, but usually the auid is the same as the ses= value. For some reason, on this system, it's using a particular user's auid, regardless of the login user. For example, ssh'ng to this system as [email protected] and cancelling before providing a password generates this error. Attempting to log to an unrelated account with a bogus password will also create an entry with the incorrect auid value.

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• How to set ext3 partition hidden flag?

  - by MA1

  I have a created an ext3 partition and when i tried to set is hidden flag, there seems no effect. So, how to set the hidden flag of an ext3 partition?

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• How could I portably split large backup files over multiple discs?

  - by sourcejedi

  Context: I make backups / archives, primarily of photos. I'm experimenting with Bup, which is designed for backup to hard disk. Basically it creates Git repos which include packfiles of up to 1GB. But I still need last-ditch backups to keep offline and move offsite (and keeping them on read-only media is good too!). What are the options for archiving and splitting large files over several discs like CDs (and reading them back!)? I'd prefer methods which will stay readable in future. are portable e.g. to Windows. have known simple implementations, so I could re-implement them myself if necessary. (Using Bup packs will stretch my robustness budget. So I want to be confident about how other parts of the system would behave). I heard split archives are possible with both ZIP and 7-Zip. Is that right?

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• Corosync - stopping the service crashes the server

  - by Antipop

  I am trying to set up a test cluster on a Xen Server with 2 paravirtualized CentOS 5.4 machines. I am using Pacemaker+Corosync, and following the instructions found at http://www.clusterlabs.org/doc/Cluster_from_Scratch.pdf and other sites. Anyway, when I try to manually stop the corosync service, about 80% of the times the whole VM locks up with the message "Waiting for corosync services to unload" and I am forced to shut the machine down manually. For the remaining 20%, the VM keeps responding and adds dots to the above message, but it won't actually stop the service. There aren't many resources on the internet about this particular error. Any ideas about this? Thanks in advance.

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• Mount Docker container contents in host file system

  - by dflemstr

  I want to be able to inspect the contents of a Docker container (read-only). An elegant way of doing this would be to mount the container's contents in a directory. I'm talking about mounting the contents of a container on the host, not about mounting a folder on the host inside a container. I can see that there are two storage drivers in Docker right now: aufs and btrfs. My own Docker install uses btrfs, and browsing to /var/lib/docker/btrfs/subvolumes shows me one directory per Docker container on the system. This is however an implementation detail of Docker and it feels wrong to mount --bind these directories somewhere else. Is there a proper way of doing this, or do I need to patch Docker to support these kinds of mounts?

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• virsh console and tty size

  - by pehrs

  I have a virtualization server to which I connect over ssh. If I now change the size of the window it will automatically propagate to the server. It's most easily seen using stty -a, checking the columns and row values. I then use virsh console to connect to the serial interface on a KVM based virtual machine. When I now change the size of the window it does not propagate to the virtual server. This is most easily seen by checking stty -a, which is not updated on the virtual machine when I change window size. This means that line breaks does not work correctly in the terminal and any application that relies on window size for formatting (emacs, man, etc) gets messed up unless the window size on the client matches the default size on the server. A workaround is to manually set the window size to match the client window using stty, but I wonder if there is any way to get this information to propagate and set the window size in the virtual machine automatically.

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• CPanel: Every url is being redirected to http://:2083

  - by Frank

  On my cpanel server, I restored about 50 accounts from crashed cpanel server. All of the sites were working fine, but suddenly without changing anything, every site started to get redirected to url "http://:2083/"., There is nothing in logs, no errors. when i do wget it says: wget grinfeld.com.br --2012-09-04 13:18:23-- http://grinfeld.com.br/ Resolving grinfeld.com.br... 198.101.221.254 Connecting to grinfeld.com.br|198.101.221.254|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Location: https://:2083/ [following] https://:2083/: Invalid host name.

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• TORQUE: Find out why the job is queued?

  - by ahmad

  Under TORQUE-MAUI job scheduling system, there are several reasons to have a job stayed in Q state. Those that I know are: There are not enough resource to run the Queued job. The user is not allowed to have further running jobs. The user is not allowed to have further computation cores. Is there any other reason to have the queued job? Further information: I am asking the question because I have couple of queued jobs while some nodes are free, pbs_mom is on on them, and mauid limitations are generously large. Thanks in advance.

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• The best way to hide data Encryption,Connection,Hardware

  - by Tico Raaphorst

  So to say, if i have a VPS which i own now, and i wanted to make the most secure and stable system that i can make. How would i do that? Just to try: I installed debian 7 with LVM Encryption via installation: You get the 2 partitions a /boot and a encrypted partition. When booting you will be prompted to fill in the password to unlock the encryption of the encrypted partition, Which then will have more partitions like /home /usr and swapspace which will automatically mount. Now, i do need to fill in the password over a VNC-SSL connection via the control panel website of the VPS hoster, so they can see my disk encryption password if they wanted to, they have the option if they wanted to look at what i have as data right? Data encryption on VPS , Is it possible to have a 100% secure virtual private server? So lets say i have my server and it is sitting well locked next to me, with the following examples covered bios (you have to replace bios) raid (you have to unlock raid-config) disk (you have to unlock disk encryption) filelike-zip-tar (files are stored in encrypted archives) which are in some other crypted file mounted as partition (archives mounted as partitions) all on the same system So it will be slow but it would be extremely difficult to crack the encryption. So to say if you stole the server. Then i only need to make the connection like ssh safer with single use passwords, block all incoming and outgoing connections but give one "exception" for myself. And maybe one for if i somehow lose my identity for the "exeption" What other overkill but realistic security options are available, i have heard about SElinux?

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• trouble connecting ups

  - by Jure1873

  I've got a riello UPS connected to my server through USB. The output from dmesg is: [1362998.520035] usb 2-2: new low speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 7 [938715.763270] usb 2-2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice [1363008.726243] input: Ups Manufacturing RS232-USB converter as /class/input/input7 [1363008.749408] input: USB HID v1.00 Gamepad [Ups Manufacturing RS232-USB converter] on usb-0000:00:1d.0-2 Now the program for controlling the UPS is expecting me to input the device path (/dev/ttyUSB0), but it doesn't get created. What is /class/input/input7 and where is it? Do i have to install additional drivers?

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• Minimize VirtualBox Hard Drive disk

  - by Aviv

  I have Ubuntu Server 10.04 TLS installed on a Virtual Machine in a VirtualBox. The size of the Hard Drive is dynamic growing hard drive and the maximum is 32GB. At the beginning i had 4GB on the Hard Drive and the size of the .vdi was 4GB. Lately the size of data on the disk is 15GB but the size of the .vdi is almost 32GB. Why is that? How can i pack / optimize / defrag the HD so it will be the same size of the data on the disk? Thanks.

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