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• Revisions: algorithm and data structure

  - by SODA

  Hi, I need ideas for structuring and processing data with revisions. For example, I have a database of objects (e.g. cars). Each object has a number of properties, which can be arbitrary, so there's no a set schema to describe these objects. These objects are probably saved as key-value pairs. Now I need to change property of an object. I don't want to completely rewrite it - I want to be able to go back and see history of changes to these properties, that's why I want to add new property and keep the old one (so I guess a timestamp would do the job of telling which property is the latest). At the same time I want to be able to get info about any object in a snap, with only latest versions of each of the properties. Any ideas what would be the best approach? At least please point me in the right direction. Thanks!

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• If as assert fails, is there a bug?

  - by RichAmberale

  I've always followed the logic: if assert fails, then there is a bug. Root cause could either be: Assert itself is invalid (bug) There is a programming error (bug) (no other options) I.E. Are there any other conclusions one could come to? Are there cases where an assert would fail and there is no bug?

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• jQuery's draggable grid

  - by Art

  It looks like that the 'grid' option in the constructor of Draggable is relatively bound to the original coordinates of the element being dragged - so simply put, if you have three draggable divs with their top set respectively to 100, 200, 254 pixels relative to their parent: <div class="parent-div" style="position: relative;"> <div id="div1" class="draggable" style="top: 100px; position: absolute;"></div> <div id="div2" class="draggable" style="top: 200px; position: absolute;"></div> <div id="div3" class="draggable" style="top: 254px; position: absolute;"></div> </div> Adn all of them are getting enabled for dragging with 'grid' set to [1, 100]: draggables = $('.draggable'); $.each(draggables, function(index, elem) { $(elem).draggable({ containment: $('#parent-div'), opacity: 0.7, revert: 'invalid', revertDuration: 300, grid: [1, 100], refreshPositions: true }); }); Problem here is that as soon as you drag div3, say, down, it's top is increased by 100, moving it to 354px instead of being increased by just mere 46px (254 + 46 = 300), which would get it to the next stop in the grid - 300px, if we are looking at the parent-div as a point of reference and "grid holder". I had a look at the draggable sources and it seem to be an in-built flaw - they just do all the calculations relative to the original position of the draggable element. I would like to avoid monkey-patching the code of draggable library and what I am really looking for here is the way how to make the Draggable calculate the grid positions relative to containing parent. However if monkey-patching is unavoidable, I guess I'll have to live with it. Thanks!

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• How to structure a database with questions and answers?

  - by Andreas Johannessen

  Hi I am going to make a simple application that uses a database. I could need some guidance on how to structure it. I shall make question program. What I have in mind is. One table with questions One table with the difficulity of the question One table with the category of the question However, what do I do with the answers? Have them as seperate columns in the question-table? It sounds like a bad practice.(Also, where do I have the correct answer) Each question will have 5 answers where only one of them is correct.

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• Best way to determine variable type and treat each one differently in F#

  - by James Black

  I have a function that will create a select where clause, but right now everything has to be a string. I would like to look at the variable passed in and determine what type it is and then treat it properly. For example, numeric values don't have single quotes around them, option type will either be null or have some value and boolean will actually be zero or one. member self.BuildSelectWhereQuery (oldUser:'a) = let properties = List.zip oldUser.ToSqlValuesList sqlColumnList let init = false, new StringBuilder() let anyChange, (formatted:StringBuilder) = properties |> Seq.fold (fun (anyChange, sb) (oldVal, name) -> match(anyChange) with | true -> true, sb.AppendFormat(" AND {0} = '{1}'", name, oldVal) | _ -> true, sb.AppendFormat("{0} = '{1}'", name, oldVal) ) init formatted.ToString() Here is one entity: type CityType() = inherit BaseType() let mutable name = "" let mutable stateId = 0 member this.Name with get() = name and set restnameval=name <- restnameval member this.StateId with get() = stateId and set stateidval=stateId <- stateidval override this.ToSqlValuesList = [this.Name; this.StateId.ToString()] So, if name was some other value besides a string, or stateId can be optional, then I have two changes to make: How do I modify ToSqlValuesList to have the variable so I can tell the variable type? How do I change my select function to handle this? I am thinking that I need a new function does the processing, but what is the best FP way to do this, rather than using something like typeof?

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• Why didn't C have a boolean data type prior to C99?

  - by frou

  I realise you can just #define some integers, but why didn't C have a dedicated boolean data type before C99? It's such a common occurence in programming and logic, I don't understand the absense of an explicit type and notation.

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• Refactoring tools for namespaces and physical project structure

  - by simendsjo

  When I hack around, some code tend to get much bigger than originally planned. As this happens I usually introduce/collapse/merge namespaces, move files between them, move folders etc etc. Sometimes, if I don't have a clear picture of the end result, this is a real pain and really easy to just "skip". This leads the project deteriorate where classes belong elsewhere, strange namespaces, no folders/wrong folders etc. And then I usually cannot take it anymore and do a larger cleanup - which is usually not difficult, just very tedious and it feels nice to do everything at once, so I do a code freeze while finishing up. So my question is... Are there any tools to help refactoring the namespace/physical aspects of a project?

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• Join Where Rows Don't Exist or Where Criteria Matches...?

  - by Greg

  I'm trying to write a query to tell me which orders have valid promocodes. Promocodes are only valid between certain dates and optionally certain packages. I'm having trouble even explaining how this works (see psudo-ish code below) but basically if there are packages associated with a promocode then the order has to have one of those packages and be within a valid date range otherwise it just has to be in a valid date range. The whole "if PrmoPackage rows exist" thing is really throwing me off and I feel like I should be able to do this without a whole bunch of Unions. (I'm not even sure if that would make it easier at this point...) Anybody have any ideas for the query? if `OrderPromoCode` = `PromoCode` then if `OrderTimestamp` is between `PromoStartTimestamp` and `PromoEndTimestamp` then if `PromoCode` has packages associated with it //yes then if `PackageID` is one of the specified packages //yes code is valid //no invalid //no code is valid Order: OrderID* | OrderTimestamp | PackageID | OrderPromoCode 1 | 1/2/11 | 1 | ABC 2 | 1/3/11 | 2 | ABC 3 | 3/2/11 | 2 | DEF 4 | 4/2/11 | 3 | GHI Promo: PromoCode* | PromoStartTimestamp* | PromoEndTimestamp* ABC | 1/1/11 | 2/1/11 ABC | 3/1/11 | 4/1/11 DEF | 1/1/11 | 1/11/13 GHI | 1/1/11 | 1/11/13 PromoPackage: PromoCode* | PromoStartTimestamp* | PromoEndTimestamp* | PackageID* ABC | 1/1/11 | 2/1/11 | 1 ABC | 1/1/11 | 2/1/11 | 3 GHI | 1/1/11 | 1/11/13 | 1 Desired Result: OrderID | IsPromoCodeValid 1 | 1 2 | 0 3 | 1 4 | 0

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• What are the lengths/limits C preprocessor as a language creation tool? Where can I learn more about

  - by Weston C

  In his FAQ @ http://www2.research.att.com/~bs/bs_faq.html#bootstrapping, Bjarne Stroustrup says: To build [Cfront, the first C++ compiler], I first used C to write a "C with Classes"-to-C preprocessor. "C with Classes" was a C dialect that became the immediate ancestor to C++... I then wrote the first version of Cfront in "C with Classes". When I read this, it piqued my interest in the C preprocessor. I'd seen its macro capabilities as suitable for simplifying common expressions but hadn't thought about its ability to significantly add to syntax and semantics on the level that I imagine bringing classes to C took. So now I have a couple of questions on my mind: 1) Are there other examples of this approach to bootstrapping a language off of C? 2) Is the source to Stroustrup's original work available anywhere? 3) Where could I learn more about the specifics of utilizing this technique? 4) What are the lengths/limits of that approach? Could one, say, create a set of preprocessor macros that let someone write in something significantly Lisp/Scheme like?

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• Is it a good idea to use an integer column for storing US ZIP codes in a database?

  - by Yadyn

  From first glance, it would appear I have two basic choices for storing ZIP codes in a database table: Text (probably most common), i.e. char(5) or varchar(9) to support +4 extension Numeric, i.e. 32-bit integer Both would satisfy the requirements of the data, if we assume that there are no international concerns. In the past we've generally just gone the text route, but I was wondering if anyone does the opposite? Just from brief comparison it looks like the integer method has two clear advantages: It is, by means of its nature, automatically limited to numerics only (whereas without validation the text style could store letters and such which are not, to my knowledge, ever valid in a ZIP code). This doesn't mean we could/would/should forgo validating user input as normal, though! It takes less space, being 4 bytes (which should be plenty even for 9-digit ZIP codes) instead of 5 or 9 bytes. Also, it seems like it wouldn't hurt display output much. It is trivial to slap a ToString() on a numeric value, use simple string manipulation to insert a hyphen or space or whatever for the +4 extension, and use string formatting to restore leading zeroes. Is there anything that would discourage using int as a datatype for US-only ZIP codes?

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• Patterns: Local Singleton vs. Global Singleton?

  - by Mike Rosenblum

  There is a pattern that I use from time to time, but I'm not quite sure what it is called. I was hoping that the SO community could help me out. The pattern is pretty simple, and consists of two parts: A singleton factory, which creates objects based on the arguments passed to the factory method. Objects created by the factory. So far this is just a standard "singleton" pattern or "factory pattern". The issue that I'm asking about, however, is that the singleton factory in this case maintains a set of references to every object that it ever creates, held within a dictionary. These references can sometimes be strong references and sometimes weak references, but it can always reference any object that it has ever created. When receiving a request for a "new" object, the factory first searches the dictionary to see if an object with the required arguments already exits. If it does, it returns that object, if not, it returns a new object and also stores a reference to the new object within the dictionary. This pattern prevents having duplicative objects representing the same underlying "thing". This is useful where the created objects are relatively expensive. It can also be useful where these objects perform event handling or messaging - having one object per item being represented can prevent multiple messages/events for a single underlying source. There are probably other reasons to use this pattern, but this is where I've found this useful. My question is: what to call this? In a sense, each object is a singleton, at least with respect to the data it contains. Each is unique. But there are multiple instances of this class, however, so it's not at all a true singleton. In my own personal terminology, I tend to call the factory method a "global singleton". I then call the created objects "local singletons". I sometimes also say that the created objects have "reference equality", meaning that if two variables reference the same data (the same underlying item) then the reference they each hold must be to the same exact object, hence "reference equality". But these are my own invented terms, and I am not sure that they are good ones. Is there standard terminology for this concept? And if not, could some naming suggestions be made? Thanks in advance...

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• object oriented programming

  - by sandy101

  does the nesting of function be possible in the object oriented languages like c# ,java ,c++ etc . If yes can anyone help me with the suitable code for that ...?

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• HBase as web app backend

  - by NathanD

  Can anyone advise if it is a good idea to have HBase as primary data source for web-based application? My primary concern is HBase's response time to queries. Is it possible to have sub-second response? edit: more details about the app itself. Amount of data: ~500GB of text data, expect to reach 1TB soon Number of concurrent users using the app: up to 50 The app will be used to present reports about data stored in HBase, like how many times keyword "X" occured in last 24h. For ~80% of requests from that app I will know the exact key, 20% will be scans (I'm looking into HBase schema design related topics to make it run fast)

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• When using a HiLo ID generation strategy, what types should be used to hold Ids?

  - by UpTheCreek

  I'm asking this from a c#/NHibnernate perspective, but it's generally applicable. The concern is that the HiLo strategy goes though id's pretty quickly, and for example a low record-count table (Such as Users) is sharing from the same set of id's as a high record-count table (Such as comments). So you can potentially get to high numbers quicker that with other strategies. So what do people recommend? Code side: int/uint/long/ulong? DBSide: int/bigint? My feeling is to go with longs and bigingts, but would like a sanity check :)

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• Entity framework and database logic.

  - by Xavier Devian

  Hi all, i have a question that's being around for several years. As all you know entity framework is an ORM tool that tries to model the database to an object oriented access model. All the samples I've seen are quering directly to the database tables. So, which is the role of the views in the database now?. The views were used to model the database in a more friendly way, that is, several physical tables, one logic table. This was great for example in hidding the complex relational model on stored procedures as queryng the views inside them was much easier than reproducing the query joins over and over on each stored procedure. So the question is, why is entity framework so good if stored procedures can not take benefit of it?

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• How does one implement storage/retrieval of smart-search/mailbox features?

  - by humble_coder

  Hi All, I have a question regarding implementation of smart-search features. For example, consider something like "smart mailboxes" in various email applications. Let's assume you have your data (emails) stored in a database and, depending on the field for which the query will be created, you present different options to the end user. At the moment let's assume the Subject, Verb, Object approach… For instance, say you have the following: SUBJECTs: message, to_address, from_address, subject, date_received VERBs: contains, does_not_contain, is_equal_to, greater_than, less_than OBJECTs: ??????? Now, in case it isn't clear, I want a table structure (although I'm not opposed to an external XMLesque file of some sort) to store (and later retrieve/present) my criteria for smart searches/mailboxes for later use. As an example, using SVO I could easily store then reconstruct a query for "date between two dates" -- simply use "date greater than" AND "date less than". However, what if, in the same smart search, I wanted a "between" OR'ed with another criterion? You can see that it might get out of hand -- not necessarily in the query creation (as that is rather simplistic), but in the option presentation and storage mechanism. Perhaps I need to think more on a more granular level. Perhaps I need to simply allow the user to select AND or OR for each entry independently instead of making it an ALL OR NOTHING type smart search (i.e. instead of MATCH ALL or MATCH ANY, I need to simply allow them to select -- I just don't want it to turn into a Hydra). Any input would be most appreciated. My apologies if the question is a bit incoherent. It is late, and I my brain is toast. Best.

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• Book for a Windows Application

  - by cateof

  Hello everybody. I want to create an small GUI Windows application that looks like all the other usual appz. I am searching for a book that describes the whole procedure. Let's say an address book application that can be have a small database, minimized in the task bar, doing things in the background and so on. I don't care for the language. But I would prefer to do it in .NET C++. I know it is a "very" general question, so Thanks in advance.

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• Database Table Schema and Aggregate Roots

  - by bretddog

  Hi, Applicaiton is single user, 1-tier(1 pc), database SqlCE. DataService layer will be (I think) : Repository returning domain objects and quering database with LinqToSql (dbml). There are obviously a lot more columns, this is simplified view. http://img573.imageshack.us/img573/3612/ss20110115171817w.png This is my first attempt of creating a 2 tables database. I think the table schema makes sense, but I need some reassurance or critics. Because the table relations looks quite scary to be honest. I'm hoping you could; Look at the table schema and respond if there are clear signs of troubles or errors that you spot right away.. And if you have time, Look at Program Summary/Questions, and see if the table layout makes makes sense to those points. Please be brutal, I will try to defend :) Program summary: a) A set of categories, each having a set of strategies (1:m) b) Each day a number of items will be produced. And each strategy MAY reference it. (So there can be 50 items, and a strategy may reference 23 of them) c) An item can be referenced by more than one strategy. So I think it's an m:m relation. d) Status values will be logged at fixed time-fractions through the day, for: - .... each Strategy.....each StrategyItem....each item e) An action on an item may be executed by a strategy that reference it. - This is logged as ItemAction (Could have called it StrategyItemAction) User Requsts b) - e) described the main activity mode of the program. To work with only today's DayLog , for each category. 2nd priority activity is retrieval of history, which typically will be From all categories, from day x to day y; Get all StrategyDailyLog. Questions First, does the overall layout look sound? I'm worried to see that there are so many relationships in all directions, connecting everything. Is this normal, or does it look like trouble? StrategyItem is made to represent an m:m relationship. Is it correct as I noted 1:m / 1:1 (marked red) ? StrategyItemTimeLog and ItemTimeLog; Logs values that both need to be retrieved together, when retreiving a StrategyItem. Reason I separated is that the first one is strategy-specific, and several strategies can reference same item. So I thought not to duplicate those values that are not dependent no strategy, but only on the item. Hence I also dragged out the LogTime, as it seems to be the only parameter to unite the logs. But this all looks quite disturbing with those 3 tables. Does it make sense at all? Or you have suggestion? Pink circles shows my vague attempt of Aggregate Root Paths. I've been thinking in terms of "what entity is responsible for delete". Though I'm unsure about the actual root. I think it's Category. Does it make sense related to User Requests described above?

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• Why does C# allow abstract class with no abstract members?

  - by fatcat1111

  The C# spec, section 10.1.1.1, states: An abstract class is permitted (but not required) to contain abstract members. This allows me to create classes like this: public abstract class A { public void Main() { // it's full of logic! } } This is really a concrete class; it's only abstract in so far as one can't instantiate it. If inheritors don't actually have to provide implementation, then why call it abstract?

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• ASP.Net Architecture Specific to Shared/Static functions

  - by Maxim Gershkovich

  Hello All, Could someone please advise in the context of a ASP.Net application is a shared/static function common to all users? If for example you have a function Public shared function GetStockByID(StockID as Guid) as Stock Is that function common to all current users of your application? Or is the shared function only specific to the current user and shared in the context of ONLY that current user? So more specifically my question is this, besides database concurrency issues such as table locking do I need to concern myself with threading issues in shared functions in an ASP.Net application? In my head; let’s say my application namespace is MyTestApplicationNamespace. Everytime a new user connects to my site a new instance of the MyTestApplicationNamespace is created and therefore all shared functions are common to that instance and user but NOT common across multiple users. Is this correct?

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• Why use hashing to create pathnames for large collections of files?

  - by Stephen

  Hi, I noticed a number of cases where an application or database stored collections of files/blobs using a has to determine the path and filename. I believe the intended outcome is a situation where the path never gets too deep, or the folders ever get too full - too many files (or folders) in a folder making for slower access. EDIT: Examples are often Digital libraries or repositories, though the simplest example I can think of (that can be installed in about 30s) is the Zotero document/citation database. Why do this? EDIT: thanks Mat for the answer - does this technique of using a hash to create a file path have a name? Is it a pattern? I'd like to read more, but have failed to find anything in the ACM Digital Library

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• Good code architecture for this problem?

  - by RCIX

  I am developing a space shooter game with customizable ships. You can increase the strength of any number of properties of the ship via a pair of radar charts*. Internally, i represent each ship as a subclassed SpaceObject class, which holds a ShipInfo that describes various properties of that ship. I want to develop a relatively simple API that lets me feed in a block of relative strengths (from minimum to maximum of what the radar chart allows) for all of the ship properties (some of which are simplifications of the underlying actual set of properties) and get back a ShipInfo class i can give to a PlayerShip class (that is the object that is instantiated to be a player ship). I can develop the code to do the transformations between simplified and actual properties myself, but i would like some recommendations as to what sort of architecture to provide to minimize the pain of interacting with this translator code (i.e. no methods with 5+ arguments or somesuch other nonsense). Does anyone have any ideas? *=not actually implemented yet, but that's the plan.

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• Is it OK to re-create many SQL connections (SQL 2008)

  - by Mr. Flibble

  When performing many inserts into a database I would usually have code like this: using (var connection = new SqlConnection(connStr)) { connection.Open(); foreach (var item in items) { var cmd = new SqlCommand("INSERT ...") cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); } } I now want to shard the database and therefore need to choose the connection string based on the item being inserted. This would make my code run more like this foreach (var item in items) { connStr = GetConnectionString(item); using (var connection = new SqlConnection(connStr)) { connection.Open(); var cmd = new SqlCommand("INSERT ...") cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); } } Which basically means it's creating a new connection to the database for each item. Will this work or will recreating connections for each insert cause terrible overhead?

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• C++: calling non-member functions with the same syntax of member ones

  - by peoro

  One thing I'd like to do in C++ is to call non-member functions with the same syntax you call member functions: class A { }; void f( A & this ) { /* ... */ } // ... A a; a.f(); // this is the same as f(a); Of course this could only work as long as f is not virtual (since it cannot appear in A's virtual table. f doesn't need to access A's non-public members. f doesn't conflict with a function declared in A (A::f). I'd like such a syntax because in my opinion it would be quite comfortable and would push good habits: calling str.strip() on a std::string (where strip is a function defined by the user) would sound a lot better than calling strip( str );. most of the times (always?) classes provide some member functions which don't require to be member (ie: are not virtual and don't use non-public members). This breaks encapsulation, but is the most practical thing to do (due to point 1). My question here is: what do you think of such feature? Do you think it would be something nice, or something that would introduce more issues than the ones it aims to solve? Could it make sense to propose such a feature to the next standard (the one after C++0x)? Of course this is just a brief description of this idea; it is not complete; we'd probably need to explicitly mark a function with a special keyword to let it work like this and many other stuff.

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• Good case for a Null Object Pattern? (Provide some service with a mailservice)

  - by fireeyedboy

  For a website I'm working on, I made an Media Service object that I use in the front end, as well as in the backend (CMS). This Media Service object manipulates media in a local repository (DB); it provides the ability to upload/embed video's and upload images. In other words, website visitors are able to do this in the front end, but administrators of the site are also able to do this in the backend. I'ld like this service to mail the administrators when a visitor has uploaded/embedded a new medium in the frontend, but refrain from mailing them when they upload/embed a medium themself in the backend. So I started wondering whether this is a good case for passing a null object, that mimicks the mail funcionality, to the Media Service in the backend. I thought this might come in handy when they decide the backend needs to have implemented mail functionality as well. In simplified terms I'ld like to do something like this: Frontend: $mediaService = new MediaService( new MediaRepository(), new StandardMailService() ); Backend: $mediaService = new MediaService( new MediaRepository(), new NullMailService() ); How do you feel about this? Does this make sense? Or am I setting myself up for problems down the road?

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