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  • Practical refactoring

    - by ahb
    I've read about refactoring and probably did it before I even knew about it, however I don't really know much about it is actually done and what it practically means. What, from your view, is refactoring? How and when do you do it?

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  • K-nearest neighbour with closed-loop dimensions

    - by Tomas
    Hi, I've got a K-nearest neighbour problem where some of the dimensions are closed loops. For example one is 'time of day' and I'm matching for similarity so 'very early morning' is close to 'late evening', you can't just make it a linear scale from 'very early morning' at one end to 'late evening' at the other. How can I represent this in the data model? Is there an established way to handle this or a way to work around it?

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  • Need some clarification on the ANSI/SPARC 3-tier database architecture.

    - by Moonshield
    Hi there, I'm currently revising for a databases exam and looking over some past papers, but there's one question that I'm slightly unsure about and was wondering if someone could offer some assistance. "Describe EACH of the THREE levels of the ANSI SPARC 3 level architecture. Your answer should include the purpose of EACH of the schemas, the level of abstraction they provide and the software tools that would be used to access and support them." As I understand it (although please correct me if I'm wrong): the internal schema specifies the physical storage of the data; the conceptual schema specifies the structure of the database and the domains; and the external schemas are how the database is viewed by "users" (applications, etc.). As for the abstraction, I understand that the conceptual layer means that the physical data storage can be altered without the end user being affected, likewise the The bit that I'm not sure about is what tools are used to access and support each layer. Would the internal schema be handled by the DBMS, the conceptual schema handled by some sort of DDL interpreter and the external schema handled by a DML interpreter (or have I misunderstood what each level does)? Any assistance would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, Moonshield

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  • What do you find wrong or strange in this Perl code to simulate objects without bless?

    - by user350571
    I'm new to Perl and its blessing stuff to imitate class like functionality made me feel strange I even had to go to the bathroom. Now, please tell me: what do you don't like, find wrong or strange with this code: sub Person { my $age = shift || 15; return { printAge => sub { print "Age -> $age\n"; }, changeAge => sub { $age = shift } } } my $p = Person(); my $p2 = Person(27); $p->{printAge}->(); $p->{changeAge}->(30); $p->{printAge}->(); $p2->{printAge}->();

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  • anti-if campaign

    - by Andrew Siemer
    I recently ran against a very interesting site that expresses a very interesting idea - the anti-if campaign. You can see this here at www.antiifcampaign.com. I have to agree that complex nested IF statements are an absolute pain in the rear. I am currently on a project that up until very recently had some crazy nested IFs that scrolled to the right for quite a ways. We cured our issues in two ways - we used Windows Workflow Foundation to address routing (or workflow) concerns. And we are in the process of implementing all of our business rules utilizing ILOG Rules for .NET (recently purchased by IBM!!). This for the most part has cured our nested IF pains...but I find myself wondering how many people cure their pains in the manner that the good folks at the AntiIfCampaign suggest (see an example here) by creating numerous amounts of abstract classes to represent a given scenario that was originally covered by the nested IF. I wonder if another way to address the removal of this complexity might also be in using an IoC container such as StructureMap to move in and out of different bits of functionality. Either way... Question: Given a scenario where I have a nested complex IF or SWITCH statement that is used to evaluate a given type of thing (say evaluating an Enum) to determine how I want to handle the processing of that thing by enum type - what are some ways to do the same form of processing without using the IF or SWITCH hierarchical structure? public enum WidgetTypes { Type1, Type2, Type3, Type4 } ... WidgetTypes _myType = WidgetTypes.Type1; ... switch(_myType) { case WidgetTypes.Type1: //do something break; case WidgetTypes.Type2: //do something break; //etc... }

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  • C# Virtual method call in constructor - how to refactor?

    - by Cristi Diaconescu
    I have an abstract class for database-agnostic cursor actions. Derived from that, there are classes that implement the abstract methods for handling database-specific stuff. The problem is, the base class ctor needs to call an abstract method - when the ctor is called, it needs to initialize the database-specific cursor. I know why this shouldn't be done, I don't need that explanation! This is my first implementation, that obviously doesn't work - it's the textbook "wrong way" of doing it. The overridden method accesses a field from the derived class, which is not yet instantiated: public abstract class CursorReader { private readonly int m_rowCount; protected CursorReader() { m_rowCount = CreateCursor(sqlCmd); //virtual call ! } protected abstract int CreateCursor(string sqlCmd); } public class SqlCursorReader : CursorReader { private SqlConnection m_sqlConnection; public SqlCursorReader(string sqlCmd, SqlConnection sqlConnection) { m_sqlConnection = sqlConnection; //field initialized here } protected override int CreateCursor(string sqlCmd) { //uses not-yet-initialized member *m_sqlConnection* //so this throws a NullReferenceException var cursor = new CustomCursor(sqlCmd, m_sqlConnection); return cursor.Count(); } } I will follow up with an answer on my attempts to fix this...

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  • Optimizing a fluid grid layout

    - by user1815176
    I recently just added a grid layout, but I can't figure out how to make my links work. The grid that I used is the 1140 one at http://cssgrid.net/. I studied the source code of that website, and tried to make my page like theirs, but when I put everything in it made mine worse, and the grid didn't even work. This is how my website is supposed to look http://spencedesign.netau.net/singaporehome.html and this is how it does http://spencedesign.netau.net/home.html And when you reduce the size, it doesn't look like it's supposed to. When you minimize it I want the pictures(links) to be two per row, then one per row depending on how small the page is. I also want the quote to turn into different rows when it is too small for it. But I can't figure out how to make the page look normal regularly let alone make it look good with a smaller browser. Thanks!

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  • C++ include statement required if defining a map in a headerfile.

    - by Justin
    I was doing a project for computer course on programming concepts. This project was to be completed in C++ using Object Oriented designs we learned throughout the course. Anyhow, I have two files symboltable.h and symboltable.cpp. I want to use a map as the data structure so I define it in the private section of the header file. I #include <map> in the cpp file before I #include "symboltable.h". I get several errors from the compiler (MS VS 2008 Pro) when I go to debug/run the program the first of which is: Error 1 error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'table' c:\users\jsmith\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\project2\project2\symboltable.h 22 Project2 To fix this I had to #include <map> in the header file, which to me seems strange. Here are the relevant code files: // symboltable.h #include <map> class SymbolTable { public: SymbolTable() {} void insert(string variable, double value); double lookUp(string variable); void init(); // Added as part of the spec given in the conference area. private: map<string, double> table; // Our container for variables and their values. }; and // symboltable.cpp #include <map> #include <string> #include <iostream> using namespace std; #include "symboltable.h" void SymbolTable::insert(string variable, double value) { table[variable] = value; // Creates a new map entry, if variable name already exist it overwrites last value. } double SymbolTable::lookUp(string variable) { if(table.find(variable) == table.end()) // Search for the variable, find() returns a position, if thats the end then we didnt find it. throw exception("Error: Uninitialized variable"); else return table[variable]; } void SymbolTable::init() { table.clear(); // Clears the map, removes all elements. }

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  • @media queries - one rule overrides another?

    - by John
    I have multiple @media queries all working fine but as soon as i put in a higher max screen-width than 1024px the rules for the higher width gets applied to everything. @media screen and (max-width: 1400px) { #wrap { width: 72%; } } @media screen and (max-width: 1024px) { #slider h2 { width: 100%; } #slider img { margin: 60px 0.83333333333333% 0 2.08333333333333%; } .recent { width: 45.82%; margin: 10px 2.08333333333334% 0 1.875%; } } as you can see 1024px (and also the 800px max-width query) do not change the #wrap width and work fine. As soon as i add the 1400px max-width query it changes them to 72% for ALL sizes and does the same for any element - for instance if i set #slider img to have a margin of 40px it will show at ALL sizes even though it is only in the max-width of 1400px. Am i missing something really obvious? Been trying to work this out for the past 2 days! Thanks, John

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  • How do you find the balance between Javascript (jQuery) and code behind in ASP.NET.

    - by PieterG
    Stackoverflow members, How do you currently find the balance between javascript and code behind. I have recently come across some extremely bad (in my eyes) legacy code that lends itself to chaos (someHugeJavafile.js) which contains a lot of the logic used in many of the pages. Let's say for example that you have a Form that you need to complete. 1. Personal Details 2. Address Information 3. Little bit more about yourself You don't want to overload the person with all the fields at once, so you decide to split it up into steps. Do you create separate pages for Personal Details, Address Information and a Little bit more about yourself. Do you create controls for each and hide and show them on a postback or using some update panel? Do you use jQuery and do some checking to ensure that the person has completed the required fields for the step and show the new "section" by using .show()? How do you usually find the balance?

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  • Pagination in a Rich Domain Model

    - by user246790
    I use rich domain model in my app. The basic ideas were taken there. For example I have User and Comment entities. They are defined as following: <?php class Model_User extends Model_Abstract { public function getComments() { /** * @var Model_Mapper_Db_Comment */ $mapper = $this->getMapper(); $commentsBlob = $mapper->getUserComments($this->getId()); return new Model_Collection_Comments($commentsBlob); } } class Model_Mapper_Db_Comment extends Model_Mapper_Db_Abstract { const TABLE_NAME = 'comments'; protected $_mapperTableName = self::TABLE_NAME; public function getUserComments($user_id) { $commentsBlob = $this->_getTable()->fetchAllByUserId((int)$user_id); return $commentsBlob->toArray(); } } class Model_Comment extends Model_Abstract { } ?> Mapper's getUserComments function simply returns something like: return $this->getTable->fetchAllByUserId($user_id) which is array. fetchAllByUserId accepts $count and $offset params, but I don't know to pass them from my Controller to this function through model without rewriting all the model code. So the question is how can I organize pagination through model data (getComments). Is there a "beatiful" method to get comments from 5 to 10, not all, as getComments returns by default.

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  • Performance improvement of client server system

    - by Tanuj
    I have a legacy client server system where the server maintains a record of some data stored in a sqlite database. The data is related to monitoring access patterns of files stored on the server. The client application is basically a remote viewer of the data. When the client is launched, it connects to the server and gets the data from the server to display in a grid view. The data gets updated in real time on the server and the view in the client automatically gets refreshed. There are two problems with the current implementation: When the database gets too big, it takes a lot of time to load the client. What are the best ways to deal with this. One option is to maintain a cache at the client side. How to best implement a cache ? How can the server maintain a diff so that it only sends the diff during the refresh cycle. There can be multiple clients and each client needs to display the latest data available on the server. The server is a windows service daemon. Both the client and the server are implemented in C#

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  • Usability: Save changes using "Apply" button or after every single change?

    - by mr.b
    I am interested in hearing opinions and experiences of fellow developers on topic of designing user interface, usability AND maintainability-wise. Common approach is to allow users to tweak options and after form gets "dirty", enable "Apply" button, and user has possibility to back out by pressing cancel. This is most common approach on Windows platform (I believe MS usability guidelines say to do so as well). Another way is to apply changes after every single change has been made to options. Example, user checks some checkbox, and change is applied. User changes value of some text box, and change is applied after box looses focus, etc. You get the point. This approach is most common on Mac OSX. Regardless of my personal opinion (which is that Apple is better at usability, but software I usually write targets Windows users), what do you people think?

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  • What's the most common scenario for Cocoa app setup during first launch?

    - by Eimantas
    I am creating an app and I would like a user to set some obligatory preferences during first app launch. What is the most common scenario to achieve this? Should I set some user defaults to see if the app has been setup? Also - if I determine that the app is being launched for the first time - how should I display "Setup" window? If I load it from the separte xib file - how will I deffer the display of main app window?

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  • Android 2.1 address bar causes change in viewport dimensions

    - by davehumyo
    Hi, I have a page that has a 100% width and height div in it (all surrounding elements are sized accordingly so that it does actually achieve 100% width and height). Below that div I have a second div with a fixed height. In mobile safari and blackberry everything is fine, when the page loads the dimensions are applied correctly (the top div filling the viewport) and the user can scroll down to reveal the second div. Android 2.1 also applies the dimensions correctly, but with an added quirk; when the user scrolls down and removes the address bar from the page, the dimensions of the div are recalculated to fill the viewport, causing the content to jump. Ideally I would like the dimensions of the div to remain static when the page is scrolled, but remain 100% so that it will fill the viewport regardless of device size or orientation. Does anyone know of any way to disable this recalculation? Thanks for any help you can provide.

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  • Visitor Pattern can be replaced with Callback functions?

    - by getit
    Is there any significant benefit to using either technique? In case there are variations, the Visitor Pattern I mean is this: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visitor_pattern And below is an example of using a delegate to achieve the same effect (at least I think it is the same) Say there is a collection of nested elements: Schools contain Departments which contain Students Instead of using the Visitor pattern to perform something on each collection item, why not use a simple callback (Action delegate in C#) Say something like this class Department { List Students; } class School { List Departments; VisitStudents(Action<Student> actionDelegate) { foreach(var dep in this.Departments) { foreach(var stu in dep.Students) { actionDelegate(stu); } } } } School A = new School(); ...//populate collections A.Visit((student)=> { ...Do Something with student... }); *EDIT Example with delegate accepting multiple params Say I wanted to pass both the student and department, I could modify the Action definition like so: Action class School { List Departments; VisitStudents(Action<Student, Department> actionDelegate, Action<Department> d2) { foreach(var dep in this.Departments) { d2(dep); //This performs a different process. //Using Visitor pattern would avoid having to keep adding new delegates. //This looks like the main benefit so far foreach(var stu in dep.Students) { actionDelegate(stu, dep); } } } }

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  • Pattern for creating a database schema using JDBC

    - by Space_C0wb0y
    I have a Java-application that loads data from a legacy file format into an SQLite-Database using JDBC. If the database file specified does not exist, it is supposed to create a new one. Currently the schema for the database is hardcoded in the application. I would much rather have it in a separate file as an SQL-Script, but apparently there is now easy way to execute an SQL-Script though JDBC. Is there any other way or a pattern to achieve something like this?

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  • Make a Method of the Business Layer secure. best practice / best pattern [.net/c#]

    - by gsharp
    Hi We are using ASP.NET with a lot of AJAX "Page Method" calls. The WebServices defined in the Page invokes methods from our BusinessLayer. To prevent hackers to call the Page Methods, we want to implement some security in the BusinessLayer. We are struggling with two different issues. First one: public List<Employees> GetAllEmployees() { // do stuff } This Method should be called by Authorized Users with the Role "HR". Second one: public Order GetMyOrder(int orderId) { // do sutff } This Method should only be called by the owner of the Order. I know it's easy to implement the security for each method like: public List<Employees> GetAllEmployees() { // check if the user is in Role HR } or public Order GetMyOrder(int orderId) { // check if the order.Owner = user } What I'm looking for is some pattern/best practice to implement this kind of security in a generic way (without coding the the if then else every time) I hope you get what i mean :-) Thanks for you help.

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  • How can I refactor this to work without breaking the pattern horribly?

    - by SnOrfus
    I've got a base class object that is used for filtering. It's a template method object that looks something like this. public class Filter { public void Process(User u, GeoRegion r, int countNeeded) { List<account> selected = this.Select(u, r, countNeeded); // 1 List<account> filtered = this.Filter(selected, u, r, countNeeded); // 2 if (filtered.Count > 0) { /* do businessy stuff */ } // 3 if (filtered.Count < countNeeded) this.SendToSuccessor(u, r, countNeeded - filtered) // 4 } } Select(...), Filter(...) are protected abstract methods and implemented by the derived classes. Select(...) finds objects in the based on x criteria, Filter(...) filters those selected further. If the remaining filtered collection has more than 1 object in it, we do some business stuff with it (unimportant to the problem here). SendToSuccessor(...) is called if there weren't enough objects found after filtering (it's a composite where the next class in succession will also be derived from Filter but have different filtering criteria) All has been ok, but now I'm building another set of filters, which I was going to subclass from this. The filters I'm building however would require different params and I don't want to just implement those methods and not use the params or just add to the param list the ones I need and have them not used in the existing filters. They still perform the same logical process though. I also don't want to complicated the consumer code for this (which looks like this) Filter f = new Filter1(); Filter f2 = new Filter2(); Filter f3 = new Filter3(); f.Sucessor = f2; f2.Sucessor = f3; /* and so on adding filters as successors to previous ones */ foreach (User u in users) { foreach (GeoRegion r in regions) { f.Process(u, r, ##); } } How should I go about it?

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  • Saving an IP adddress to DB

    - by Mark
    I want to save a user's IP address to my database just in case any legal issues come up and we need to track down who performed what action. Since I highly doubt I will ever actually need to use this data (well, maybe for counting unique hits or something) do you think I can just dump the REMOTE_ADDR into a field? If so, what should the length of that field be? 39 chars should fit an IPv6 address, no? I don't know if I'll ever get any of those, but just in case...

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  • Data Warehouse: One Database or many?

    - by drrollins
    At my new company, they keep all data associated with the data warehouse, including import, staging, audit, dimension and fact tables, together in the same physical database. I've been a database developer for a number of years now and this consolidation of function and form seems counter to everything I know. It seems to make security, backup/restore and performance management issues more manually intensive. Is this something that is done in the industry? Are there substantial reasons for doing or not doing it? The platform is Netezza. The size is in terabytes, hundreds of millions of rows. What I'm looking to get from answers to this question is a solid understanding of how right or wrong this path is. From your experience, what are the issues I should be focused on arguing if this is a path that will cause trouble for us down the road. If it is no big deal, then I'd like to know that as well.

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  • C++ inheritance and member function pointers

    - by smh
    In C++, can member function pointers be used to point to derived (or even base) class members? EDIT: Perhaps an example will help. Suppose we have a hierarchy of three classes X, Y, Z in order of inheritance. Y therefore has a base class X and a derived class Z. Now we can define a member function pointer p for class Y. This is written as: void (Y::*p)(); (For simplicity, I'll assume we're only interested in functions with the signature void f() ) This pointer p can now be used to point to member functions of class Y. This question (two questions, really) is then: Can p be used to point to a function in the derived class Z? Can p be used to point to a function in the base class X?

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