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  • Deterministic Multiplayer RTS game questions?

    - by Martin K
    I am working on a cross-platform multiplayer RTS game where the different clients and a server(flash and C#), all need to stay deterministically synchronised. To deal with Floatpoint inconsistencies, I've come across this method: http://joshblog.net/2007/01/30/flash-floating-point-number-errors/#comment-49912 which basically truncates off the nondeterministic part: return Math.round(1000 * float) / 1000; Howewer my concern is that every time there is a division, there is further chance of creating additional floatpoint errors, in essence making it worse? . So it occured to me, how about something like this: function floatSafe(number:Number) : Number {return Math.round(float* 1024) / 1024; } ie dividing with only powers of 2 ? What do you think? . Ironically with the above method I got less accurate results: trace( floatSafe(3/5) ) // 0.599609375 where as with the other method(dividing with 1000), or just tracing the raw value I am getting 3/5 = 0.6 or Maybe thats what 3/5 actually is, IE 0.6 cannot really be represented with a floatpoint datatype, and would be more consistent across different platforms?

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  • Xna GS 4 Animation Sample bone transforms not copying correctly

    - by annonymously
    I have a person model that is animated and a suitcase model that is not. The person can pick up the suitcase and it should move to the location of the hand bone of the person model. Unfortunately the suitcase doesn't follow the animation correctly. it moves with the hand's animation but its position is under the ground and way too far to the right. I haven't scaled any of the models myself. Thank you. The source code (forgive the rough prototype code): Matrix[] tran = new Matrix[man.model.Bones.Count];// The absolute transforms from the animation player man.model.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(tran); Vector3 suitcasePos, suitcaseScale, tempSuitcasePos = new Vector3();// Place holders for the Matrix Decompose Quaternion suitcaseRot = new Quaternion(); // The transformation of the right hand bone is decomposed tran[man.model.Bones["HPF_RightHand"].Index].Decompose(out suitcaseScale, out suitcaseRot, out tempSuitcasePos); suitcasePos = new Vector3(); suitcasePos.X = tempSuitcasePos.Z;// The axes are inverted for some reason suitcasePos.Y = -tempSuitcasePos.Y; suitcasePos.Z = -tempSuitcasePos.X; suitcase.Position = man.Position + suitcasePos;// The actual Suitcase properties suitcase.Rotation = man.Rotation + new Vector3(suitcaseRot.X, suitcaseRot.Y, suitcaseRot.Z); I am also copying the bone transforms from the animation player in the Person class like so: // The transformations from the AnimationPlayer Matrix[] skinTrans = new Matrix[model.Bones.Count]; skinTrans = player.GetBoneTransforms(); // copy each transformation to its corresponding bone for (int i = 0; i < skinTrans.Length; i++) { model.Bones[i].Transform = skinTrans[i]; }

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  • Drawing order in XNA

    - by marc wellman
    When manually setting the drawing order of game components by setting int DrawableGameComponent.DrawOrder can one use any integer numbers as long an order is defined like component1 = drawing order: 2 component2 = drawing order: 5 component3 = drawing order: 10 component4 = drawing order: 323 or do these integers have to be consecutive and starting with zero like component1 = drawing order: 0 component2 = drawing order: 1 component3 = drawing order: 2 component4 = drawing order: 3 ?

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  • How do I stop stretching during window re-size in XNA?

    - by Bradley Uffner
    In my windowed mode XNA game when the user resizes the window the game stops updating the window and the last frame drawn is stretched and distorted until the user releases the mouse and the resize completes. Is there any way to have the game continue to run "normally", updating frames and redrawing the screen, during the resize event? I realize that keeping the render loop going while resizing may not be possible or recommended due do hardware managed resources getting continually created and destroyed, but is there any way to stop the ugly stretching? Ideally by leaving the existing frame unscaled in the top left, or with a black screen if that isn't possible.

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  • Drawing an outline around an arbitrary group of hexagons

    - by Perky
    Is there an algorithm for drawing an outline around around an arbitrary group of hexagons? The polygon outline drawn may be concave. See the images below, the green line is what I am trying to achieve. The hexagons are stored as vertices and drawn as polygons. Edit: I've uploaded images that should explain more. I want to favour convex hulls because it's conveys an area of control more quickly. Each hexagon is stored in a multidimensional array so they all have x and y coordinates, I can easily find adjacent hexagons and the opposite vertex, i.e. adjacentHexagon = getAdjacentHexagon( someHexagon, NORTHWEST ) if there isn't a hexagon immediately adjacent it will continue to search in that direction until it finds one or hits the map edges.

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  • RPG Monster-Area, Spawn, Loot table Design

    - by daemonfire300
    I currently struggle with creating the database structure for my RPG. I got so far: tables: area (id) monster (id, area.id, monster.id, hp, attack, defense, name) item (id, some other values) loot (id = monster.id, item = item.id, chance) spawn (id = area.id, monster = monster.id, count) It is a browser-based game like e.g. Castle Age. The player can move from area to area. If a player enters an area the system spawns, based on the area.id and using the spawn table data, new monsters into the monster table. If a player kills a monster, the system picks the monster.id looks up the items via the the loot table and adds those items to the player's inventory. First, is this smart? Second, I need some kind of "monster_instance"-table and "area_instance"-table, since each player enters his very own "area" and does damage to his very own "monsters". Another approach would be adding the / a player.id to the monster table, so each monster spawned, has it's own "player", but I still need to assign them to an area, and I think this would overload the monster table if I put in the player.id and the area.id into the monster table. What are your thoughts? Temporary Solution monster (id, attackDamage, defense, hp, exp, etc.) monster_instance (id, player.id, area_instance.id, hp, attackDamage, defense, monster.id, etc.) area (id, name, area.id access, restriction) area_instance (id, area.id, last_visited) spawn (id, area.id, monster.id) loot (id, monster.id, chance, amount, ?area.id?) An example system-flow would be: Player enters area 1: system creates area_instance of type area.id = 1 and sets player.location to area.id = 1 If Player wants to battle monsters in the current area: system fetches all spawn entries matching area.id == player.location and creates a new monster_instance for each spawn by fetching the according monster-base data from table monster. If a monster is fetched more than once it may be cached. If Player actually attacks a monster: system updates the according monster_instance, if monster dies the instance if removed after creating the loot If Player leaves the area: area_instance.last_visited is set to NOW(), if player doesn't return to data area within a certain amount of time area_instance including all its monster_instances are deleted.

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  • Game programming basics under Windows

    - by dreta
    I've been trying to learn some Windows programming using the Win32 API. Now, i'm used to working with the OS layer being abstracted away, mostly thanks to libraries like SFML or Allegro. Could you guys help me out and tell me if i'm thinking right here. The place for my gameloop is where i'm reading the messages? while (TRUE) { if (PeekMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) { if (msg.message == WM_QUIT) break ; TranslateMessage (&msg) ; DispatchMessage (&msg) ; } else { //my game loop goes here } } Now the slightly bigger issue, that is, drawing. Do i run my drawing where i normaly do it, inside the game loop after the game logic? Or do i do it when WM_PAIN is being called and just call InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, TRUE); when i want to draw? This does feel weird, the WM_PAINT is a queued message, so i don't know for sure when it'll be called. So if i wanted to avoid this, do i just get the device handle inside the game loop and only ValidateRect (hwnd, NULL); in the WM_PAINT case (beside the ValidateRect (hwnd, NULL); called after drawing in the game loop)? Actually, now that i think about it, do i even need WM_PAINT in this situation or can i skip it and let DefWindowProc handle it (does it validate the screen if WM_PAINT isn't processed)? If this is any important, i'm setting up my code for OpenGL.

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  • How to achieve uniform speed of movement in cocos 2d?

    - by Andrey Chernukha
    I'm an absolute beginner in cocos2 , actually i started dealing with it yesterday. What i'm trying to do is moving an image along Bezier curve. This is how i do it - (void)startFly { [self runAction:[CCSequence actions: [CCBezierBy actionWithDuration:timeFlying bezier:[self getPathWithDirection:currentDirection]], [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:self selector:@selector(endFly)], nil]]; } My issue is that the image moves not uniformly. In the beginning it's moving slowly and then it accelerates gradually and at the end it's moving really fast. What should i do to get rid of this acceleration?

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  • What is a good way to measure game virality?

    - by Chris Garrett
    I have added some social features to an iPhone game (Lexitect if you're curious), such as email, Twitter, and Facebook integration for sharing high scores. Along with these features, I am measuring how many times users make it to each step. The goal of these features are to make the game more viral, and I am trying to get to a measure of game virality. I would think that a game virality metric would produce a number based on 1.0, where 1.0 = zero viral growth, and 1.01 would represent 1% viral growth over some unit of time. How is virality normally measured, and in what units? How is time capped on the metric? i.e. if I gave each player a year to determine how many recommendations they make, I wouldn't get any real numbers for a year from the time I start tracking it. Are there any standards for tracking virality in a meaningful way?

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  • Units issue when exporting from 3DS Max to XNA

    - by miguelSantirso
    I am working on a XNA game where we have defined that 1 XNA unit equals to 1 meter. Then, I set meters as system unit in 3DS Max and set to meters the units in the FBX exporter. However, when I export my models, they are much bigger in the game. Am I missing something? What should I do to avoid problems with my units? Investigating the FBX file, I noticed that I it has two values called UnitScaleFactor and OriginalUnitScaleFactor. They both are 100 when I export the files... And if I manually change UnitScaleFactor to 1, it works fine :S

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  • Problems with moving 2D circle/box collision detection

    - by dario3004
    This is my first game ever and I'm a newbie in computer physics. I've got this code for the collision detection and it works fine for BOTTOM and TOP collision.It miss the collision detection with the paddle's edge and angles so I've (roughly) tried to implement it. Main method that is called for bouncing, it checks if it bounce with wall, or with top (+ right/left side) or with bottom (+ right/left side): protected void handleBounces(float px, float py) { handleWallBounce(px, py); if(mBall.y < getHeight()/4){ if (handleRedFastBounce(mRed, px, py)) return; if (handleRightSideBounce(mRed,px,py)) return; if (handleLeftSideBounce(mRed,px,py)) return; } if(mBall.y > getHeight()/4 * 3){ if (handleBlueFastBounce(mBlue, px, py)) return; if (handleRightSideBounce(mBlue,px,py)) return; if (handleLeftSideBounce(mBlue,px,py)) return; } } This is the code for the BOTTOM bounce: protected boolean handleRedFastBounce(Paddle paddle, float px, float py) { if (mBall.goingUp() == false) return false; // next position tx = mBall.x; ty = mBall.y - mBall.getRadius(); // actual position ptx = px; pty = py - mBall.getRadius(); dyp = ty - paddle.getBottom(); xc = tx + (tx - ptx) * dyp / (ty - pty); if ((ty < paddle.getBottom() && pty > paddle.getBottom() && xc > paddle.getLeft() && xc < paddle.getRight())) { mBall.x = xc; mBall.y = paddle.getBottom() + mBall.getRadius(); mBall.bouncePaddle(paddle); playSound(mPaddleSFX); increaseDifficulty(); return true; } else return false; } As long as I understood it should be something like this: So I tried to make the "left side" and "right side" bounce method: protected boolean handleLeftSideBounce(Paddle paddle, float px, float py){ // next position tx = mBall.x + mBall.getRadius(); ty = mBall.y; // actual position ptx = px + mBall.getRadius(); pty = py; dyp = tx - paddle.getLeft(); yc = ty + (pty - ty) * dyp / (ptx - tx); if (ptx < paddle.getLeft() && tx > paddle.getLeft()){ System.out.println("left side bounce1"); System.out.println("yc: " + yc + "top: " + paddle.getTop() + " bottom: " + paddle.getBottom()); if (yc > paddle.getTop() && yc < paddle.getBottom()){ System.out.println("left side bounce2"); mBall.y = yc; mBall.x = paddle.getLeft() - mBall.getRadius(); mBall.bouncePaddle(paddle); playSound(mPaddleSFX); increaseDifficulty(); return true; } } return false; } I think I'm quite near to the solution but I'm having big troubles with the new "yc" formula. I tried so many versions of it but since I don't know the theory behind it I can't adjust for the Y axis. Since the Y axis is inverted I even tried this: yc = ty - (pty - ty) * dyp / (ptx - tx); I tried Googling it but I can't seem to find a solution for it. Also this method fails when ball touches the angle and I don't think is a nice way because it just test "one" point of the ball and probably there will be many cases in which the ball won't bounce.

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  • Question about BoundingSpheres and Ray intersections

    - by NDraskovic
    I'm working on a XNA project (not really a game) and I'm having some trouble with picking algorithm. I have a few types of 3D models that I draw to the screen, and one of them is a switch. So I'm trying to make a picking algorithm that would enable the user to click on the switch and that would trigger some other function. The problem is that the BoundingSphere.Intersect() method always returns null as result. This is the code I'm using: In the declaration section: ` //Basic matrices private Matrix world = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(0, 0, 0)); private Matrix view = Matrix.CreateLookAt(new Vector3(10, 10, 10), new Vector3(0, 0, 0), Vector3.UnitY); private Matrix projection = Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView(MathHelper.ToRadians(45), 800f / 600f, 0.01f, 100f); //Collision detection variables Viewport mainViewport; List<BoundingSphere> spheres = new List<BoundingSphere>(); Ray ControlRay; Vector3 nearPoint, farPoint, nearPlane, farPlane, direction; ` And then in the Update method: ` nearPlane = new Vector3((float)Mouse.GetState().X, (float)Mouse.GetState().Y, 0.0f); farPlane = new Vector3((float)Mouse.GetState().X, (float)Mouse.GetState().Y, 10.0f); nearPoint = GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Unproject(nearPlane, projection, view, world); farPoint = GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Unproject(farPlane, projection, view, world); direction = farPoint - nearPoint; direction.Normalize(); ControlRay = new Ray(nearPoint, direction); if (spheres.Count != 0) { for (int i = 0; i < spheres.Count; i++) { if (spheres[i].Intersects(ControlRay) != null) { Window.Title = spheres[i].Center.ToString(); } else { Window.Title = "Empty"; } } ` The "spheres" list gets filled when the 3D object data gets loaded (I read it from a .txt file). For every object marked as switch (I use simple numbers to determine which object is to be drawn), a BoundingSphere is created (center is on the coordinates of the 3D object, and the diameter is always the same), and added to the list. The objects are drawn normally (and spheres.Count is not 0), I can see them on the screen, but the Window title always says "Empty" (of course this is just for testing purposes, I will add the real function when I get positive results) meaning that there is no intersection between the ControlRay and any of the bounding spheres. I think that my basic matrices (world, view and projection) are making some problems, but I cant figure out what. Please help.

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  • How do I render only part of a texture to a point sprite in OpenGL ES for Android?

    - by nbolton
    Using the libgdx framework, I've figured out how to render a texture to a point sprite. The problem is, it renders the entire texture to the point sprite, where I only want a small part of it (since it's an isometric tile image). Here's a snippet from some demo code I wrote... create() { renderer = new ImmediateModeRenderer(); tiles = Gdx.graphics.newTexture( Gdx.files.internal("data/tiles2.png"), TextureFilter.MipMap, TextureFilter.Linear, TextureWrap.ClampToEdge, TextureWrap.ClampToEdge); Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0.6f, 0.7f, 0.9f, 1); Gdx.gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D); Gdx.gl.glEnable(GL11.GL_POINT_SPRITE_OES); Gdx.gl11.glTexEnvi( GL11.GL_POINT_SPRITE_OES, GL11.GL_COORD_REPLACE_OES, GL11.GL_TRUE); Gdx.gl10.glPointSize(s); tiles.bind(); } render() { Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); renderer.begin(GL10.GL_POINTS); // render 3 point sprites at various 3d points renderer.vertex(-.1f, 0, -.1f); renderer.vertex(0, 0, 0); renderer.vertex(.1f, 0, .1f); // ... more vertices here if needed (one for each sprite) ... renderer.end(); }

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  • How to monetize and protect a engine's and its framework's copyrights and patents?

    - by Arthur Wulf White
    I created a game engine that handles: Rendering levels with 2d textured curved surfaces Collisions with curved surfaces Animationn paths on and navigation in 2d-sapce I have also made a framework for: Procedural organic level generation with round surfaces Level editing Light weight sprite design The engine and framework are written in AS3 and I am in the process of translating the code into HaXe to better support other platforms. I am also interested in adding Animated curved platforms More advanced level editing features Currently, I have a part time job and any time I spend on this engine is either taken out of my limited free time (I'm a student working to support myself through school) or out my time working at my job. I really believe this engine can make life much easier for people designing Tower Defence games, Shooters and and Platformers while also possibly improving their results. It could also support RTS, RPGs and racing games very well. It continains original algorithms that could be used for procedural generation of organic round and smooth levels. The algorithms I used are new and are not available in any other level editor I've seen. In order to constantly improve the Engine and have it tested thoroughly I think the best route is releasing it to the public. What are the best ways to benefit myself and others with my new framework? I want to have some lisence, allowing me to share the framework and still benefit from it. Any advice would be appreciated. This issue has been on my mind a lot this year. I am hoping to find a solution that will bring me some relief. I am thinking of designing three sample games, releasing them and starting a kickstarter, any advice and thoughts on the matter would be valuable. My goal is like Markus von Broady suggested, to get people involved in developing the engine and let people use it for games for either a symbolic fee or for free and charge for support. That or use some form of croud sourcing. Do I need to hire a lawyer to get some sort of legal document to protect my work?

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  • Obtain rectangle indicating 2D world space camera can see

    - by Gareth
    I have a 2D tile based game in XNA, with a moveable camera that can scroll around and zoom. I'm trying to obtain a rectangle which indicates the area, in world space, that my camera is looking at, so I can render anything this rectangle intersects with (currently, everything is rendered). So, I'm drawing the world like this: _SpriteBatch.Begin( SpriteSortMode.FrontToBack, null, SamplerState.PointClamp, // Don't smooth null, null, null, _Camera.GetTransformation()); The GetTransformation() method on my Camera object does this: public Matrix GetTransformation() { _transform = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(-_pos.X, -_pos.Y, 0)) * Matrix.CreateRotationZ(Rotation) * Matrix.CreateScale(new Vector3(Zoom, Zoom, 1)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(_viewportWidth * 0.5f, _viewportHeight * 0.5f, 0)); return _transform; } The camera properties in the method above should be self explanatory. How can I get a rectangle indicating what the camera is looking at in world space?

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  • Delaying a Foreach loop half a second

    - by Sigh-AniDe
    I have created a game that has a ghost that mimics the movement of the player after 10 seconds. The movements are stored in a list and i use a foreach loop to go through the commands. The ghost mimics the movements but it does the movements way too fast, in split second from spawn time it catches up to my current movement. How do i slow down the foreach so that it only does a command every half a second? I don't know how else to do it. Please help this is what i tried : The foreach runs inside the update method DateTime dt = DateTime.Now; foreach ( string commandDirection in ghostMovements ) { int mapX = ( int )( ghostPostition.X / scalingFactor ); int mapY = ( int )( ghostPostition.Y / scalingFactor ); // If the dt is the same as current time if ( dt == DateTime.Now ) { if ( commandDirection == "left" ) { switch ( ghostDirection ) { case ghostFacingUp: angle = 1.6f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingRight; Program.form.direction = ""; dt.AddMilliseconds( 500 );// add half a second to dt break; case ghostFacingRight: angle = 3.15f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingDown; Program.form.direction = ""; dt.AddMilliseconds( 500 ); break; case ghostFacingDown: angle = -1.6f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingLeft; Program.form.direction = ""; dt.AddMilliseconds( 500 ); break; case ghostFacingLeft: angle = 0.0f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingUp; Program.form.direction = ""; dt.AddMilliseconds( 500 ); break; } } } }

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  • Efficiently separating Read/Compute/Write steps for concurrent processing of entities in Entity/Component systems

    - by TravisG
    Setup I have an entity-component architecture where Entities can have a set of attributes (which are pure data with no behavior) and there exist systems that run the entity logic which act on that data. Essentially, in somewhat pseudo-code: Entity { id; map<id_type, Attribute> attributes; } System { update(); vector<Entity> entities; } A system that just moves along all entities at a constant rate might be MovementSystem extends System { update() { for each entity in entities position = entity.attributes["position"]; position += vec3(1,1,1); } } Essentially, I'm trying to parallelise update() as efficiently as possible. This can be done by running entire systems in parallel, or by giving each update() of one system a couple of components so different threads can execute the update of the same system, but for a different subset of entities registered with that system. Problem In reality, these systems sometimes require that entities interact(/read/write data from/to) each other, sometimes within the same system (e.g. an AI system that reads state from other entities surrounding the current processed entity), but sometimes between different systems that depend on each other (i.e. a movement system that requires data from a system that processes user input). Now, when trying to parallelize the update phases of entity/component systems, the phases in which data (components/attributes) from Entities are read and used to compute something, and the phase where the modified data is written back to entities need to be separated in order to avoid data races. Otherwise the only way (not taking into account just "critical section"ing everything) to avoid them is to serialize parts of the update process that depend on other parts. This seems ugly. To me it would seem more elegant to be able to (ideally) have all processing running in parallel, where a system may read data from all entities as it wishes, but doesn't write modifications to that data back until some later point. The fact that this is even possible is based on the assumption that modification write-backs are usually very small in complexity, and don't require much performance, whereas computations are very expensive (relatively). So the overhead added by a delayed-write phase might be evened out by more efficient updating of entities (by having threads work more % of the time instead of waiting). A concrete example of this might be a system that updates physics. The system needs to both read and write a lot of data to and from entities. Optimally, there would be a system in place where all available threads update a subset of all entities registered with the physics system. In the case of the physics system this isn't trivially possible because of race conditions. So without a workaround, we would have to find other systems to run in parallel (which don't modify the same data as the physics system), other wise the remaining threads are waiting and wasting time. However, that has disadvantages Practically, the L3 cache is pretty much always better utilized when updating a large system with multiple threads, as opposed to multiple systems at once, which all act on different sets of data. Finding and assembling other systems to run in parallel can be extremely time consuming to design well enough to optimize performance. Sometimes, it might even not be possible at all because a system just depends on data that is touched by all other systems. Solution? In my thinking, a possible solution would be a system where reading/updating and writing of data is separated, so that in one expensive phase, systems only read data and compute what they need to compute, and then in a separate, performance-wise cheap, write phase, attributes of entities that needed to be modified are finally written back to the entities. The Question How might such a system be implemented to achieve optimal performance, as well as making programmer life easier? What are the implementation details of such a system and what might have to be changed in the existing EC-architecture to accommodate this solution?

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  • How to convert pitch and yaw to x, y, z rotations?

    - by Aaron Anodide
    I'm a beginner using XNA to try and make a 3D Asteroids game. I'm really close to having my space ship drive around as if it had thrusters for pitch and yaw. The problem is I can't quite figure out how to translate the rotations, for instance, when I pitch forward 45 degrees and then start to turn - in this case there should be rotation being applied to all three directions to get the "diagonal yaw" - right? I thought I had it right with the calculations below, but they cause a partly pitched forward ship to wobble instead of turn.... :( So my quesiton is: how do you calculate the X, Y, and Z rotations for an object in terms of pitch and yaw? Here's current (almost working) calculations for the Rotation acceleration: float accel = .75f; // Thrust +Y / Forward if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.I)) { this.ship.AccelerationY += (float)Math.Cos(this.ship.RotationZ) * accel; this.ship.AccelerationX += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationZ) * -accel; this.ship.AccelerationZ += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationX) * accel; } // Rotation +Z / Yaw if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.J)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationZ += (float)Math.Cos(this.ship.RotationX) * accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationY += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationX) * accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationX += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationY) * accel; } // Rotation -Z / Yaw if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.K)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationZ += (float)Math.Cos(this.ship.RotationX) * -accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationY += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationX) * -accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationX += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationY) * -accel; } // Rotation +X / Pitch if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.F)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationX += accel; } // Rotation -X / Pitch if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.D)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationX -= accel; } I'm combining that with drawing code that does a rotation to the model: public void Draw(Matrix world, Matrix view, Matrix projection, TimeSpan elsapsedTime) { float seconds = (float)elsapsedTime.TotalSeconds; // update velocity based on acceleration this.VelocityX += this.AccelerationX * seconds; this.VelocityY += this.AccelerationY * seconds; this.VelocityZ += this.AccelerationZ * seconds; // update position based on velocity this.PositionX += this.VelocityX * seconds; this.PositionY += this.VelocityY * seconds; this.PositionZ += this.VelocityZ * seconds; // update rotational velocity based on rotational acceleration this.RotationVelocityX += this.RotationAccelerationX * seconds; this.RotationVelocityY += this.RotationAccelerationY * seconds; this.RotationVelocityZ += this.RotationAccelerationZ * seconds; // update rotation based on rotational velocity this.RotationX += this.RotationVelocityX * seconds; this.RotationY += this.RotationVelocityY * seconds; this.RotationZ += this.RotationVelocityZ * seconds; Matrix translation = Matrix.CreateTranslation(PositionX, PositionY, PositionZ); Matrix rotation = Matrix.CreateRotationX(RotationX) * Matrix.CreateRotationY(RotationY) * Matrix.CreateRotationZ(RotationZ); model.Root.Transform = rotation * translation * world; model.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(boneTransforms); foreach (ModelMesh mesh in model.Meshes) { foreach (BasicEffect effect in mesh.Effects) { effect.World = boneTransforms[mesh.ParentBone.Index]; effect.View = view; effect.Projection = projection; effect.EnableDefaultLighting(); } mesh.Draw(); } }

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  • OpenGL vs DirectX?

    - by Harold
    I saw the articles that were going on about OpenGL being better than DirectX and that Microsoft are really just trying to get everyone to use DirectX even though it's inferior so that gaming is almost exclusively for Windows and XBox, but since the article was written in 2006 is it still relevant today? Also I know plenty of games are written in DirectX but does anyone have any examples of popular games written in OpenGL? Thanks

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  • Moving from XNA/C# to DirectX/C++ quite confused

    - by misiMe
    I made some game with XNA/C# for Windows Phone and Windows 8, since XNA is dead and Visual studio doesn't support it (I have to target Windows Phone 7.1 to build with XNA), I want to start learning something more "consistent in time" and improve my skills. I'm a little confused about the possibilities, because C++/DirectX alone seems difficult, so I found some high-level classes to help: DirectX Toolkit Cocos2D My questions are: What will happen when they will "die" like XNA? Is C++'s approces more "professional" than C#/XNA and why? Is C++'s approces more "portable"? Is C++'s approces more resistant in terms of time? Is there any consideration about DirectX TK and Cocos2D in terms of performance? I ask that because I found that every Game software house in my country looks for skilled C++ programmers.

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  • Character jump animation is not working when i hit the space bar

    - by muzzy
    i am having an issue with my game in XNA. My jump sprite sheet for my character does not trigger when i hit the space bar. I cant seem to find the problem. Please help me. I am also put the code below to make things easier. namespace WindowsGame4 { public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; // start of new code Texture2D playerWalk; // sprite sheet of walk cycle (14 frames) Texture2D idle; // idle animation Texture2D jump; // jump animation Vector2 playerPos; // to hold x and y position info for the player Point frameDimensions; // to hold width and height values for the frames int presentFrame; // to record which frame we are on at any given time int noOfFrames; // to hold the total number of frames in the spritesheet int elapsedTime; // to know how long each frame has been shown int frameDuration; // to hold info about how long each frame should be shown SpriteEffects flipDirection; // SpriteEffects object int speed; //rate of movement int upMovement; int downMovement; int rightMovement; int leftMovement; int jumpApex; string state; //this is going to be "idle","walking" or "jumping". KeyboardState previousKeyboardState; Vector2 originalPlayerPos; Vector2 movementDirection; Vector2 movementSpeed; public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; } protected override void Initialize() { // textures will be defined in the LoadContent() method playerPos = new Vector2(0, 200); // starting position for the player is at the left of the screen, and a Y position of 200 frameDimensions = new Point(55, 65); // each frame in the idle sprite sheet is 55 wide by 65 high presentFrame = 0; // start at frame 0 noOfFrames = 5; // there are 5 frames in the idle cycle elapsedTime = 0; // set elapsed time to start at 0 frameDuration = 80; // 80 milliseconds is how long each frame will show for (the higher the number, the slower the animation) flipDirection = SpriteEffects.None; // set the value of flipDirection to none speed = 200; upMovement = -2; downMovement = 2; rightMovement = 1; leftMovement = -1; jumpApex = 100; state = "idle"; previousKeyboardState = Keyboard.GetState(); originalPlayerPos = Vector2.Zero; movementDirection = Vector2.Zero; movementSpeed = Vector2.Zero; base.Initialize(); } protected override void LoadContent() { spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); playerWalk = Content.Load<Texture2D>("sprites/walkSmall"); // load the walk cycle spritesheet idle = Content.Load<Texture2D>("sprites/idleCycle"); // load the idle cycle sprite sheet jump = Content.Load<Texture2D>("sprites/jump"); // load the jump cycle sprite sheet } protected override void UnloadContent() // we're not using this method at the moment { } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) // Update method - used it to call a number of other methods { if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Escape)) { this.Exit(); // Exit the game if the Escape key is pressed } KeyboardState presentKeyboardState = Keyboard.GetState(); UpdateMovement(presentKeyboardState, gameTime); UpdateIdle(presentKeyboardState, gameTime); UpdateJump(presentKeyboardState); UpdateAnimation(gameTime); playerPos += movementDirection * movementSpeed * (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; previousKeyboardState = presentKeyboardState; base.Update(gameTime); } private void UpdateAnimation(GameTime gameTime) { elapsedTime += gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.Milliseconds; if (elapsedTime > frameDuration) { elapsedTime -= frameDuration; elapsedTime = elapsedTime - frameDuration; presentFrame++; if (presentFrame > noOfFrames) if (state != "jumping") { presentFrame = 0; } else { presentFrame = 8; } } } protected void UpdateMovement(KeyboardState presentKeyboardState, GameTime gameTime) { if (state == "idle") { movementSpeed = Vector2.Zero; movementDirection = Vector2.Zero; if (presentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { state = "walking"; movementSpeed.X = speed; movementDirection.X = leftMovement; flipDirection = SpriteEffects.FlipHorizontally; } if (presentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) { state = "walking"; movementSpeed.X = speed; movementDirection.X = rightMovement; flipDirection = SpriteEffects.None; } } } private void UpdateIdle(KeyboardState presentKeyboardState, GameTime gameTime) { if ((presentKeyboardState.IsKeyUp(Keys.Left) && previousKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left) || presentKeyboardState.IsKeyUp(Keys.Right) && previousKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right) && state != "jumping")) { state = "idle"; } } private void UpdateJump(KeyboardState presentKeyboardState) { if (state == "walking" || state == "idle") { if (presentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space) && !presentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space)) { presentFrame = 1; DoJump(); } } if (state == "jumping") { if (originalPlayerPos.Y - playerPos.Y > jumpApex) { movementDirection.Y = downMovement; } if (playerPos.Y > originalPlayerPos.Y) { playerPos.Y = originalPlayerPos.Y; state = "idle"; movementDirection = Vector2.Zero; } } } private void DoJump() { if (state != "jumping") { state = "jumping"; originalPlayerPos = playerPos; movementDirection.Y = upMovement; movementSpeed = new Vector2(speed, speed); } } protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) // Draw method { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); spriteBatch.Begin(); // begin the spritebatch if (state == "walking") { noOfFrames = 14; frameDimensions = new Point(55, 65); Vector2 playerWalkPos = new Vector2(playerPos.X, playerPos.Y - 28); spriteBatch.Draw(playerWalk, playerWalkPos, new Rectangle((presentFrame * frameDimensions.X), 0, frameDimensions.X, frameDimensions.Y), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1, flipDirection, 0); } if (state == "idle") { noOfFrames = 5; frameDimensions = new Point(55, 65); Vector2 idlePos = new Vector2(playerPos.X, playerPos.Y - 28); spriteBatch.Draw(idle, idlePos, new Rectangle((presentFrame * frameDimensions.X), 0, frameDimensions.X, frameDimensions.Y), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1, flipDirection, 0); } if (state == "jumping") { noOfFrames = 9; frameDimensions = new Point(55, 92); Vector2 jumpPos = new Vector2(playerPos.X, playerPos.Y - 28); spriteBatch.Draw(jump, jumpPos, new Rectangle((presentFrame * frameDimensions.X), 0, frameDimensions.X, frameDimensions.Y), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1, flipDirection, 0); } spriteBatch.End(); // end the spritebatch commands base.Draw(gameTime); } } }

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  • backface culling error (in world space)

    - by acrilige
    I write simple software renderer. In my pipeline i have stage of backface culling. But looks like it has some error (see picture). I perform culling right after world transformation (is it correct?). (i can't insert picture in post coz i don't have enough points, so i just upload it (cube model): http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/705/bcerror.png/) Vector3F view_dir(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); std::vector<Triangle> to_remove; for (Triangle &t : m_triangles) { Vector4F e1 = t.v2 - t.v1; Vector4F e2 = t.v3 - t.v1; Vector3F normal( e1.y * e2.z - e1.z * e2.y, e1.z * e2.x - e1.x * e2.z, e1.x * e2.y - e1.y * e2.x ); normal.Normalize(); float dot = Dot(view_dir, normal); if (dot <= 0) to_remove.push_back(t); } for (Triangle& t : to_remove) m_triangles.erase(std::remove(m_triangles.begin(), m_triangles.end(), t), m_triangles.end()); Camera sits in origin and points in screen (RH). What is the reason? For better explanation i upload picture with cube rotation screenshots: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/842/bcmove.png/ UPDATED: The error occurs only when triangle has non-zero offset from origin UPDATED 2: If i process backface culling in clip space (after transforming all vertices with view and projection matrix), and just check z coordinate of triangle normal - it works perfect... Can i perform culing RIGHT BEFORE view/proj transforms? In this case looks like culling will not depends of projection and it's not right?.. UPDATED 3: I found answer and will post it in two hours - again coz of reputation lack.

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  • How to move a line of sprites in a sine wave?

    - by electroflame
    So, I'm spawning a horizontal line of enemies that I would like to have move in a nice wave. Currently I tried: Enemy.position.X += Enemy.velocity.X; Enemy.position.Y += -(float)Math.Cos(Enemy.position.X / 200) * 5; This...kind of works. But the wave is not a true wave. The top and bottom of one pass are not the same (e.g. 5 for the top, and -5 for the bottom (I don't mean literal points, I just meant that it's not symmetrical)). Is there a better way to do this? I would like the whole line to move in a wave, so it looks fluid. By that, I mean that it should look like each enemy is "following" the one in front of it. The code I posted does have this fluidity to it, but like I said, it's not a perfect wave. Any ideas? Thanks in advance.

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  • How stoper one annimation model on XNA?

    - by Mehdi Bugnard
    I met a Difficulty for one stoper annimation. Everything works great starter for the animation. But I do not see how stoper and can continue the annimation paused. The "animationPlayer.StartClip (clip)" is used to choke the annimation but impossible to find a way to stoper Thans's a lot Here is my code to use. protected override void LoadContent() { //Model - Player model_player = Content.Load<Model>("Models\\Player\\models"); // Look up our custom skinning information. SkinningData skinningData = model_player.Tag as SkinningData; if (skinningData == null) throw new InvalidOperationException ("This model does not contain a SkinningData tag."); // Create an animation player, and start decoding an animation clip. animationPlayer = new AnimationPlayer(skinningData); AnimationClip clip = skinningData.AnimationClips["ArmLowAction_006"]; animationPlayer.StartClip(clip); } protected overide update(GameTime gameTime) { KeyboardState key = Keyboard.GetState(); // If player don't move -> stop anim if (!key.IsKeyDown(Keys.W) && !keyStateOld.IsKeyUp(Keys.S) && !keyStateOld.IsKeyUp(Keys.A) && !keyStateOld.IsKeyUp(Keys.D)) { //animation stop ? not exist ? animationPlayer.Stop(); isPlayerStop = true; } else { if(isPlayerStop == true) { isPlayerStop = false; animationPlayer.StartClip(Clip); } }

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  • From where does the game engines add location of an object?

    - by Player
    I have started making my first game( a pong game )with ruby (Gosu). I'm trying to detect the collision of two images using their location by comparing the location of the object (a ball) to another one(a player). For example: if (@player.x - @ball.x).abs <=184 && (@player.y - @ball.y).abs <= 40 @ball.vx = [email protected] @ball.vy = [email protected] But my problem is that with these numbers, the ball collides near the player sometimes, even though the dimensions of the player are correct. So my question is from where does the x values start to count? Is it from the center of gravity of the image or from the beginning of the image? (i.e When you add the image on a specific x,y,z what are these values compared to the image?

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