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• What's the difference between 'killall' and 'pkill'?

  - by jgbelacqua

  After using just plain kill <some_pid> on Unix systems for many years, I learned pkill from a younger Linux-savvy co-worker colleague1. I soon accepted the Linux-way, pgrep-ing and pkill-ing through many days and nights, through slow-downs and race conditions. This was all well and good. But now I see nothing but killall . How-to's seem to only mention killall, and I'm not sure if this is some kind of parallel development, or if killall is a successor to pkill, or something else. It seems to function as more targeted pkill, but I'm sure I'm missing something. Can an Ubuntu/Debian-savvy person explain when (or why) killall should be used, especially if it should be used in preference to pkill (when pkill often seems easier, because I can be sloppier with name matching, at least by default). 1 'colleague' is free upgrade from 'co-worker', so might as well.

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• How do I choose which way to enable/disable, start/stop, or check the status of a service?

  - by Glyph

  If I want to start a system installed service, I can do: # /etc/init.d/some-svc start # initctl start some-svc # service some-svc start # start some-svc If I want to disable a service from running at boot, I can do: # rm /etc/rc2.d/S99some-svc # update-rc.d some-svc disable # mv /etc/init/some-svc.conf /etc/init/some-svc.conf.disabled Then there are similarly various things I can do to enable services for starting at boot, and so on. I'm aware of the fact that upstart is a (relatively) new thing, and I know about how SysV init used to work, and I'm vaguely aware of a bunch of D-Bus nonsense, but what I don't know is how one is actually intended to interface with this stuff. For example, I don't know how to easily determine whether a service is an Upstart job or a legacy SysV thing, without actually reading through the source of its shell scripts extensively. So: if I want to start or stop a service, either at the moment or persistently, which of these tools should I use, and why? If the answer depends on some attribute (like "this service supports upstart") then how do I quickly and easily learn about that attribute of an installed package? Relatedly, are there any user interface tools which can safely and correctly interact with the modern service infrastructure (upstart, and/or whatever its sysv compatibility is)? For example, could I reliably use sysv-rc-conf to determine which services should start?

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• Configuring bind9 views so I can have DNS services?

  - by Cesar Downs

  I want to configure bind9 using the Ubuntu terminal to have the DNS resolve a local name, not a domain name. For example, if I type in Nicole it will resolve my IP address in a local network fashion. How can I do this, step-by-step please? I've already installed bind9 using: sudo apt-get install bind9 It's fully installed now, I just need some help configuring. Should I be using local views? I am going to do the connection with two laptops probably connected to each other by Ethernet cable or WIFI. One of them is running Ubuntu and the other is running Windows. I not sure if that's part of the problem.

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• Grep through subdirectories

  - by Kathryn

  Add a string to a text file from terminal I've been looking at this thread. The solution (number 2, with ls | grep) works perfectly for files called .txt in the current directory. How about if I wanted to search through a directory and the subdirectories therein? For example, I have to search through a directory that has many subdirectories, and they have many subdirectories etc. I'm new to Linux sorry, so I'm not sure if this is the right place

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• Conecting bash script with a txt file

  - by cathy

  I have a txt file with 100+ lines called page1.txt; odd lines are urls and even lines are url names. I have a bash file already created that checks urls for completion. Except right now, the process is really manual because I have to modify the bash every time I need to check a url. So I need to connect the bash to the txt using the variable url. $url should get all the odd lines from page1.txt and check if the link is complete or not. Also, how would I write a variable called name that derives from the url the 7 digits? bash file manually: url=http://www.-------------/-/8200233/1/ name=8200233 lynx -dump $url > $name.txt I would prefer if the bash file could add "Complete/In-Complete " at the beginning of every even line in the page1.txt file but a new text file could be also created to keep track of the Completes/In-completes.

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• Transmission shutdown script for multiple torrents?

  - by Khurshid Alam

  I have written a shutdown script for transmission. Transmission calls the script after a torrent download finishes. The script runs perfectly on my machine (Ubuntu 11.04 & 12.04). #!/bin/bash sleep 300s # default display on current host DISPLAY=:0.0 # find out if monitor is on. Default timeout can be configured from screensaver/Power configuration. STATUS=`xset -display $DISPLAY -q | grep 'Monitor'` echo $STATUS if [ "$STATUS" == " Monitor is On" ] ### Then check if its still downloading a torrent. Couldn't figure out how.(May be) by monitoring network downstream activity? then notify-send "Downloads Complete" "Exiting transmisssion now" pkill transmission else notify-send "Downloads Complete" "Shutting Down Computer" dbus-send --session --type=method_call --print-reply --dest=org.gnome.SessionManager /org/gnome/SessionManager org.gnome.SessionManager.RequestShutdown fi exit 0 The problem is that when I'm downloading more than one file, when the first one finishes, transmission executes the script. I would like to do that but after all downloads are completed. I want to put a 2nd check ( right after monitor check) if it is still downloading another torrent. Is there any way to do this?

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• How can I create a zip archive of a whole directory via terminal without hidden files?

  - by moose

  I have a project with lots of hidden folders / files in it. I want to create a zip-archive of it, but in the archive shouldn't be any hidden folders / files. If files in a hidden folder are not hidden, they should also not be included. I know that I can create a zip archive of a directory like this: zip -r zipfile.zip directory I also know that I can exclude files with the -x option, so I thought this might work: zip -r zipfile.zip directory -x .* It didn't work. All hidden directories were still in the zip-file.

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• Beginning with shell scripting

  - by Kevin Wyman

  I am fresh into Ubuntu and one of my goals is shell scripting for personal (and maybe public) use. I'm a novice, though I do understand some of the basics (e.g. what a variable, string, loop, etc... is) but to get the most of scripting I need to learn in-depth. I figure the best way to do that is to jump right into scripting and ask questions only pertinent to the stage I am at in my attempted script. Scenario: I have edited my sudoers file to allow my non-root user to run sudo commands without being prompted for a password. Question: In vim, what would be the best code to use for a function that checks whether this condition is [true], If not, prompt the user if they want the script to edit and save the sudoers file to make this condition [true]? Layout - If condition is true, carry-on with rest of script. If condition is not true, the script silently edits/adds the line: %sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL in the sudoers file, saves and then continues on with the next part of the script. Any help with this would be greatly appreciated and assist me in my journey to writing shell scripts.

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• I get the bellow messages like `keysafe: package not found`. Is this a problem that needs solving?

  - by cipricus

  When I install a program in terminal with apt-get or apt-fast I get messages like these: keysafe: package not found genesis: package not found xdx: package not found omaque: package not found live-magic: package not found wesnoth-1.8: package not found galan: package not found qgis: package not found pino: package not found easydiff.app: package not found scenic: package not found mined: package not found jlgui: package not found seamonkey: package not found gmameui: package not found qtodo: package not found aee: package not found gtkwhiteboard: package not found pouetchess: package not found streamtuner: package not found jcgui: package not found The installation is otherwise ok, but is this a problem?

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• How to Run PowerShell Commands on Remote Computers

  - by Chris Hoffman

  PowerShell Remoting allows you to run individual PowerShell commands or access full PowerShell sessions on remote Windows systems. It’s similar to SSH for accessing remote terminals on other operating systems. PowerShell is locked-down by default, so you’ll have to enable PowerShell Remoting before using it. This setup process is a bit more complex if you’re using a workgroup – for example, on a home network — instead of a domain. How to Make Your Laptop Choose a Wired Connection Instead of Wireless HTG Explains: What Is Two-Factor Authentication and Should I Be Using It? HTG Explains: What Is Windows RT and What Does It Mean To Me?

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• Why are the man pages for gvfs-commands not in Ubuntu?

  - by Pili Garcia

  These are the man pages for gvfs-cat gvfs-less gvfs-monitor-dir gvfs-move gvfs-rm gvfs-trash gvfs-copy gvfs-ls gvfs-monitor-file gvfs-open gvfs-save gvfs-tree gvfs-info gvfs-mkdir gvfs-mount gvfs-rename gvfs-set-attribute http://www.unix.com/man-pages.php?query=gvfs-info&apropos=0&section=1&os=opensolaris Every year I see that there are more commands without manpage nor apropose description, nothing! Is that the path?

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• Terminal closing itself after 14.04 upgrade

  - by David

  All was fine in 12.04, in this case I'm using virtualbox in Windows. Last days the warning message about my Ubuntu version no longer being supported was coming up pretty often, so, yesterday I finally decided to upgrade. The upgrading process ran ok, no errors, no warnings. After rebooting the errors started to happen. Just after booting up there were some errors about video, gnome, and video textures (sorry I didn't care in that moment so I don't remember well). Luckly that went away after installing VirtualBox additions. But the big problem here is that I can't use the terminal. It opens Ok when pressing control+alt+t, but most of the commands cause instant closing. For example, df, ls, mv, cd... usually work, although it has closed few times. But 'find' causes instant close. 'apt-get' update kills it too, just after it gets the package list from the sources, when it starts processing them. I've tried xterm, everything works and I have none of that problems. I have tried reinstalling konsole, bash-static, bash-completion, but nothing worked. I have no idea what to do as there is no error message to search for the cause. It seems something related to bash, but that's all I know.

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• Search for duplicate prefix of file names

  - by Mia

  I have a folder contains files name as: xxx.get.txt and xxx.resp.txt xxx.get.txt, xxx.resp.txt yyy.get.txt, yyy.resp.txt zzz.get.txt, zzz.resp.txt, etc each prefix xxx should have two corresponding files, .get.txt and .resp.txt However, now I calculate the number of .get.txt and the number of .resp.txt files, they are not equal, there're ten more .get.txt. I want to find out, which .get.txt files do not have ´.resp.txt´ file Is it possible? Many thanks!

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• Parse git log by modified files

  - by MrUser

  I have been told to make git messages for each modified file all one line so I can use grep to find all changes to that file. For instance: $git commit -a modified: path/to/file.cpp/.h - 1) change1 , 2) change2, etc...... $git log | grep path/to/file.cpp/.h modified: path/to/file.cpp/.h - 1) change1 , 2) change2, etc...... modified: path/to/file.cpp/.h - 1) change1 , 2) change2, etc...... modified: path/to/file.cpp/.h - 1) change1 , 2) change2, etc...... That's great, but then the actual line is harder to read because it either runs off the screen or wraps and wraps and wraps. If I want to make messages like this: $git commit -a modified: path/to/file.cpp/.h 1) change1 2) change2 etc...... is there a good way to then use grep or cut or some other tool to get a readout like $git log | grep path/to/file.cpp/.h modified: path/to/file.cpp/.h 1) change1 2) change2 etc...... modified: path/to/file.cpp/.h 1) change1 2) change2 etc...... modified: path/to/file.cpp/.h 1) change1 2) change2 etc......

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• Adjust Terminal - (Arch-like Info-Screen)

  - by Daniel

  I use Ubuntu for many years but recently I discovered a nice feature in Arch. It is common to display system-information on headless servers on ssh-login, on Ubuntu its the landscape- package. I wounded if it's possible to create the same for the normal terminal in Ubuntu . Like the terminal in Arch I think it might be useful to have this information displayed, at the time one starts the terminal. Is it possible to create something like this for the terminal, and if so what would you suggest? I tried motd but these messages were not displayed. Daniel

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• changing system terminal colours?

  - by user88561

  So I have my computer set up just the way I want, with gnome 3 in my favorite color scheme, and the terminal in a matching background/text color scheme. Even the login screen has my Desktop background. However it is a little jarring when I shut down/use grubby and its in the default maroon and white scheme. Is there any way to change this to make it more similar to my own color scheme in terminal?

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• Problem with text deletion in vi editor

  - by user184256

  When I am writing C code on the vi editor, I am not able to use the backspace keys or my arrow keys to delete or navigate through lines. Some unexpected special characters occur on the screen that is on middle of my code and I am not able to delete them also. If I use my delete key, the whole code gets deleted. I have tried both insert mode using 'i' and 'a'. I am able to manage this situation for C programming by using the text editors but when I am creating LeX and yacc programs, I find this awkward. Can you please help me with this?

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• 12.04 disabling wireless via dbus does not work

  - by FlabbergastedPickle

  I am using a proprietary rt3652sta driver for my wireless card. It appears as a ra0 device on the 64-bit Ubuntu 12.04. According to the online documentation the following used to work definitely up to 10.04. dbus-send --system --type=method_call --dest=org.freedesktop.NetworkManager /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties.Set string:org.freedesktop.NetworkManager string:WirelessEnabled variant:boolean:false This however has no effect on the aforesaid wireless card in 12.04. Also, rfkill does not work as it does not even list the wireless button (again, likely due to the wireless driver being proprietary): rfkill list It only lists the hci0 (bluetooth) one and one can block/unblock it accordingly but this has no effect on the wifi. ifup/down also does not work (AFAICT)... And this leaves me with disabling wireless through the network manager applet. However, trying to do so via dbus appears not to work and yet I would like to automate it via a script. Any ideas how I could find out the proper dbus structure for the call? Is this even possible in Ubuntu 12.04?

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• Change screen resolution from terminal

  - by Keith

  When I enabled my Nvidia graphics card, it changed the resolution of my screen to larger than my screen. As the result I cannot access any functions that were previously on the right side of my screen. How do I undo this? I originally had 8.04 and was able to change the resolution to whatever I wanted. I'm a new user and can copy and paste commands from a post to terminal mode but that's about it. I have no idea what they are or what they mean.

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• No se que hay que hacer :$ URGENTE!

  - by Meri

  Pues yo llevo muy poco tiempo con ununtu y nose que hay que hacer no se me inicia .. es decir me sale el menu grub ese y le doy al primero iniciar con linux pero me sale una rayita blanca parpadeando y asi horas y no se enciende y tengo que apagarle forzandolo de golpe y lo vuelvo a encender y le doy modo recuperacion y sale muchas cosas y al final not avaliable algo asi y se queda asi rato necesito ayuda.Intente muchas cosas de internet pero ninguna funciono si os sirve de informacion tengo un Acer Aspire 5630 tiene intel.

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• Enable remote VNC from the commandline?

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  I have one computer running Ubuntu 10.04, and is running Vino, the default VNC server. I have a second Windows box which is running a VNC client, but does not have any X11 capabilities. I am ssh'd into the Ubuntu host from the Windows host, but I forgot to enable VNC access on the Ubuntu host. On the Ubuntu host, is there a way for me to enable VNC connections from the Ubuntu commandline? Update: As @koanhead says below, there is no man page for vino (e.g. man -k vino and info vino return nothing), and vino --help doesn't show any help).

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• terminal failed to fetch and some index files failed to download

  - by firstson

  My terminal failed to fetch, and some index files failed to download: W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/Release.gpg Something wicked happened resolving 'security.ubuntu.com:http' (-5 - No address associated with hostname) E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead. please help me to solve the problem in my terminal. I really appreciate the solution.

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• incorrect work gnome terminal

  - by Flatline

  I use at work Ubuntu Desktop 12.04. 80% of the time I spend in the terminal. After switching from the putty on gnome terminal, I was unpleasantly surprised to work with some devices (eg Extereme Summit X650): gnome terminal: # Module lldp configuration. Press <SPACE> to continue or <Q> to quit: after press SPACE: # Module lldp configuration. Press <SPACE> to continue or <Q> to quit:[60;D# # # Module msdp configuration. # putty(Windows and Linux)/konsole # Module lldp configuration. Press <SPACE> to continue or <Q> to quit: after press SPACE: # Module lldp configuration. # # # Module msdp configuration. # How to fix the gnome terminal?

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• wget has a 4 second delay

  - by guisius

  Hello. I have tried to wget a page with windows/mac, and the response is instant while the linux vesion needs to wait for 4 seconds before it shows the response. I just hope this can be solved. More information added: in Ubuntu : wget xxx://192.168.0.135/test.cgi?cmd= -O test.txt --2011-03-04 14:21:17-- xxx://192.168.0.135/test.cgi?cmd= Connecting to 192.168.0.135:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: unspecified [text/html] Saving to: `test.txt' [ <=> ] 17 --.-K/s in 0s 2011-03-04 14:21:22 (1.88 MB/s) - `test.txt' saved [17] while in Mac OS : wget xxx://192.168.0.135/test.cgi?cmd= -O test.txt --2011-03-04 14:22:33-- xxx://192.168.0.135/test.cgi?cmd= Connecting to 192.168.0.135:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: unspecified [text/html] Saving to: `test.txt' [ <=> ] 17 --.-K/s in 0s 2011-03-04 14:22:33 (755 KB/s) - `test.txt' saved [17] in ubuntu it delays 4 seconds while windows and mac will not i believe it may related to some setting in the network config such as packet size , window frame , but i have no idea to set this PS: because the limit of the post not allow to post the url so i mark this as xxx

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• Windows7 Console with session memory [closed]

  - by Mateusz

  I am searching console for windows 7 which have memory of typed commands which is stored when I close the cmd prompt. I got frustrated when I have to type again paths with commands, I'm developing for android and I use adb so you can know it can be quite a lot of commands to issue. Other workarounds would be appreciated. Open source or freeware prefed. I have, Console2 (don't store commands), git bash (can't work with that, have some paths issues).

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