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• At what point is it worth using a database?

  - by radix07

  I have a question relating to databases and at what point is worth diving into one. I am primarily an embedded engineer, but I am writing an application using QT to interface with our controller. We are at an odd point where we have enough data that it would be feasible to implement a database (around 700+ items and growing) to manage everything, but I am not sure it is worth the time right now to deal with. I have no problems implementing the GUI with files generated from excel and parsed in, but it gets tedious and hard to track even with VBA scripts. I have been playing around with converting our data into something more manageable for the application side with Microsoft Access and that seems to be working well. If that works out I am only a step (or several) away from using an SQL database and using the QT library to access and modify it. I don't have much experience managing data at this level and am curious what may be the best way to approach this. So what are some of the real benefits of using a database if any in this case? I realize much of this can be very application specific, but some general ideas and suggestions on how to straddle the embedded/application programming line would be helpful. Thanks

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• A generic C++ library that provides QtConcurrent functionality?

  - by Lucas

  QtConcurrent is awesome. I'll let the Qt docs speak for themselves: QtConcurrent includes functional programming style APIs for parallel list processing, including a MapReduce and FilterReduce implementation for shared-memory (non-distributed) systems, and classes for managing asynchronous computations in GUI applications. For instance, you give QtConcurrent::map() an iterable sequence and a function that accepts items of the type stored in the sequence, and that function is applied to all the items in the collection. This is done in a multi-threaded manner, with a thread pool equal to the number of logical CPU's on the system. There are plenty of other function in QtConcurrent, like filter(), filteredReduced() etc. The standard CompSci map/reduce functions and the like. I'm totally in love with this, but I'm starting work on an OSS project that will not be using the Qt framework. It's a library, and I don't want to force others to depend on such a large framework like Qt. I'm trying to keep external dependencies to a minimum (it's the decent thing to do). I'm looking for a generic C++ framework that provides me with the same/similar high-level primitives that QtConcurrent does. AFAIK boost has nothing like this (I may be wrong though). boost::thread is very low-level compared to what I'm looking for. I know C# has something very similar with their Parallel Extensions so I know this isn't a Qt-only idea. What do you suggest I use?

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• python list Index out of range error

  - by dman762000

  I am working on a python tetris game that my proffessor assigned for the final project of a concepts of programming class. I have got just about everything he wanted to work on it at this point but I am having a slight problem with one part of it. Whenever I start moving pieces left and right I keep getting "index out of range error". This only happens when it is up against a piece. Here are the culprits that are giving me grief. def clearRight(block=None): global board, activeBlock, stackedBlocks isClear = True if(block == None): block = activeBlock if(block != None): for square in block['squares']: row = square[1] col = square[0]+1 if(col >= 0 and stackedBlocks[row][col] !=None): isClear=False return isClear def clearLeft(block=None): global board, activeBlock, stackedBlocks isClear = True if(block == None): block = activeBlock if(block != None): for square in block['squares']: row = square[1] col = square[0]-1 if(col >= 0 and stackedBlocks[row][col] !=None): isClear=False return isClear I am not looking to get anyone to fix it for me, I'm only looking for tips on how to fix it myself. Thanks in advance for any help that is given.

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• How to create a desktop shortcut to a website with website logo as icon?

  - by Wbdvlpr

  Hi I need a solution which allows users to create a desktop shortcut to a website, preferably with website logo as shortcut icon. There are ways users can create shortcut such as drag drop favicon or right click create new shortcut etc. This works but also creates the shortcut with default IE icon on windows. I am trying to avoid this method for this icon and some other reasons. I thought of creating a website-title.URL file, and tell users to download and save file to their desktop, again this works but doesn't solve the icon problem as the website logo (.ico) has to be at local disk and at a pre-specified location [IconFile=path]. I was wondering if it is possible to create a some sort of installer or windows application which users can download from the website. Once its executed by user, it creates this .URL file on user desktop which have IconFile path pre-specified, and copy the website-logo.ico at path specified in .URL file etc. So my questions are - Is it possible to create such a solution? What programming languages can be used to achieve this? Can this installer/app be made to work on non-windows machines as well? From developments point of view how big project it is? if I have to hire a programmer to do this. Please let me know if you need more information. Thanks

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• int array doesnt get char values

  - by user1780004

  I am absolutely brand new at programming and im not sure how to explain what im doing here. The whole purpose of this piece is to enter values and then print them out in the same order. Now I wanna quit from entering values when pressing 'q' and so I have to scanf for chars but when I assign them back to the int array the values are not the same. Hope that makes any sense to you but in any case heres my code: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define SIZE 5000 define flush fflush(stdin) main() { int input[SIZE] = {0},i = 0; int counter = 0; char inputs, quit; do { system("cls"); printf("Input number ('q' to quit and display numbers entered): "); flush; scanf("%c",&inputs); flush; if (inputs == 'q') quit = 'q'; else { input[i] = inputs; counter++; i++; } } while (i < SIZE && quit != 'q'); for(i = 0; i < counter; i++){ printf("%i.%i\n", i + 1, input[i]); } system("pause"); } Ive been trying to do this on my own btw and also researched some information online regarding chars but couldnt find anything that would help me. Thanks a lot in advance.

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• Scientific Data processing(Graph comparison and interpretation)

  - by pinkynobrain

  Hi stackoverflow friends, I'm trying to write a program to automate one of my more boring and repetative work tasks. I have some programming experience but none with processing or interpreting large volumes of data so i am seeking your advice(both suggestions of techneques to try and also things to read to learn more about doing this stuff). I have a piece of equipment that monitors an experiment by taking repeated samples and displays the readings on its screen as a graph. The input of experiment can be altered and one of these changes should produce a change in a section of the graph which i currently identify by eye and is what im looking for in the experiment. I want to automate it so that a computer looks at a set of results and spots the experiment input that causes the change. I can already extract the results from the machine. Currently they results for a run are in the form of an integer array with the index being the sample number and the corresponding value being the measurement. The overall shape of the graph will be similar for each experiment run. The change im looking for will be roughly the same and will occur in approximatly the same place every time for the correct experiment input. Unfortunatly there are a few gotcha's that make this problem more difficult. There is some noise in the measuring process which mean there is some random variation in the measured values between different runs. Although the overall shape of the graph remains the same. The time the experiment takes varies slightly each run causing two effects. First, the a whole graph may be shifted slightly on the x axis relative to another runs graph. Second, individual features may appear slightly wider or narrower in different runs. In both these cases the variation isn't particularly large and you can assume that the only non random variation is caused by the correct input being found. Thank you for your time, Pinky

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• How to animate a path like it's being drawn, dot by dot? (Raphael.js)

  - by Anton

  How to animate a vector path like it's being drawn by hand? In other words, slowly show the path pixel by pixel. I'm using Raphaël.js, but if your answer is not library specific—like maybe there's some general programming pattern for doing that kind of thing (I'm fairly new to vector animation)—it's welcome! Update I know it's easy to do with straight paths, as easy as an example on that page:: path("M114 253").animate({path: "M114 253 L 234 253"}); But try to change code on that page, say, this way:: path("M114 26").animate({path: "M114 26 C 24 23 234 253 234 253"}); And you'll see what I mean. Path is certainly animated from it initial state (point "M114 26") to the end state (curve "C 24 23 234 253 234 253" starting on point "M114 26"), but not in a way specified in question, not like it's being drawn. (Sorry for not making clear from the start that I don't mean animating straight lines.) I don't see how animateAlong can do that either. It can animate an object along a path, and how can I make this path to gradually show itself while object is being animated along it?

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• issue with tab bar view displaying a compound view

  - by ambertch

  I created a tab bar application, and I make the first tab a table. So I create a tableView controller, and go about setting the class identity of the view controller for the first tab to my tableView controller. This works fine, and I see the contents of the table filling up the whole screen. However, this is not what I actually want in the end goal - I would like a compound window having multiple views: - the aforementioned table - a custom view with data in it So what I do is create a nib for this content (call it contentNib), change the tab's class from the tableView controller to a generic UIViewController, and set the nib of that tab to this new contentNib. In this new contentNib I drag on a tableView and set File's Owner to the TableViewController. I then link the dataSource and delegate to file's owner (which is TableViewController). Surprisingly this does not work and I receive the error: **Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '*** -[UIViewController tableView:numberOfRowsInSection:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x3b0f910'** This is bewildering to me since the file's owner is the TableViewController, which has been assigned to be both the dataSource and delegate. Does someone have either insight into my confusions, or a link to an example of how to have a compound view include a tableView? *update* I see this in the Apple TableView programming guide: "Note: You should use a UIViewController subclass rather than a subclass of UITableViewController to manage a table view if the view to be managed is composed of multiple subviews, one of which is a table view. The default behavior of the UITableViewController class is to make the table view fill the screen between the navigation bar and the tab bar (if either are present)." <----- I don't really get what this is telling me to do though... if someone can explain or point me to an example I'd be much appreciated!

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• How to accommodate for the next iPhones totally different screen resolution?

  - by mystify

  This is a programming question! Read on before you vote to close! According to Gizmodo, the next iPhone will have a new screen resolution: The 3.5-inch screen has a resolution of 960?×?640 pixels This little detail affects our apps in a heavy way. Most of the demo apps on the net have one thing in common: They position views in the believe that the screen has a fixed size of 320 x 480 pixels. So what most -if not all- developers do is: They designed everything in such a way, that a touchable area is -for example- 50 x 50 pixels big. Just enough to tap it. Things have been positioned relative to the upper left, to reach a specific position on screen - let's say the center, or somewhere at the bottom. So the big question is: How will the developers compensate their layout and graphics? Are there already solutions which can be used to calculate coordinates and sizes in a normalized manner, which then appear to be exactly the same when viewing them on a screen of any resolution, assuming at least that the aspect ration won't change? This is community wiki. Just add anything that you think is relevant to this huge problem (constant screen res was one of the main reasons why I didn't go for Android!!).

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• MySQL + Joomla + remote c# access

  - by Jimmy

  Hello, I work on a Joomla web site, installed on a MySQL database and running on IIS7. It's all working fine. I now need to add functionality that lets (Joomla-)registered users change some configuration data. Though I haven't done this yet, it looks straightforward enough to do with Joomla. The data is private so all external access will be done through HTTPS. I also need an existing c# program, running on another machine, to read that configuration data. Sure enough, this data access needs to be as fast as possible. The data will be small (and filtered by query), but the latency should be kept to a minimum. A short-term, client-side cache (less than a minute, in case a user updates his configuration data) seems like a good idea. I have done practically zero database/asp programming so far, so what's the best way of doing that last step? Should the c# program access the database 'directly' (using what? LINQ?) or setup some sort of Facade (SOAP?) service? If a service should be used, should it be done through Joomla or with ASP on IIS? Thanks

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• explain notifier.c from the Linux kernel

  - by apollon

  I'm seeking to fully understand the following code snippet from kernel/notifier.c. I have read and built simple link lists and think I get the construct from K&R's C programming. The second line below which begins with the 'int' appears to be two items together which is unclear. The first is the (*notifier_call) which I believe has independent but related significance with the second containing a 'notifier block' term. Can you explain how it works in detail? I understand that there is a function pointer and multiple subscribers possible. But I lack the way to tie these facts together, and could use a primer or key so I exactly understand how the code works. The third line looks to contain the linking structure, or recursive nature. Forgive my terms, and correct them as fit as I am a new student of computer science terminology. struct notifier_block { int (*notifier_call)(struct notifier_block *, unsigned long, void *); struct notifier_block *next; int priority; };

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• Setting up a view to draw to in Objective-C (iPhone) ?

  - by Johannes Jensen

  Okay, so, I'm all new to iPhone and stuff, but I'm not even at programming, I have many years of experience with ActionScript 2.0 and 3.0, I want to set up a view, that I can also pass variables to. The view is gonna draw everything with Quartz. I tried to make another game where I tried to add a pointer to a NSMutableArray to the view class, but it didn't work cause I didn't know how to store an actual class. I wanted to do like: [myView setNeedsDisplay]; but I had to do [(View*)self.view setNeedsDisplay]; didn't really work out in the end... Okay, so now I got: - (void) viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; viewClass = [[View class] retain]; gameView = [[[viewClass alloc] initWithFrame: CGRectZero] retain]; [gameView setNeedsDisplay]; } This is in my drawInContext:context, which is fired by drawRect: Also, my drawRect does [self drawInContext: UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()]; CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(context, [[UIColor blackColor] CGColor]); CGContextSetLineWidth(context, 3.0); CGContextSetLineCap(context, kCGLineCapRound); CGContextSetLineJoin(context, kCGLineJoinRound); CGMutablePathRef aPath = CGPathCreateMutable(); CGPathMoveToPoint(aPath, nil, 5, 5); CGPathAddLineToPoint(aPath, nil, 45, 43); CGContextAddPath(context, aPath); CGContextStrokePath(context); Nothing happens. Help? Oh yeah, I get this error: : invalid context for each time I use those functions. :[ Thanks!

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• Computer Science taxonomy

  - by Bakhtiyor

  I am developing web application where users have collection of tags. I need to create a suggestion list for users based on the similarity of their tags. For example, when a user logs in to the system, system gets his tags and search these tags in the DB of users and showing users who have similar tags. For instance if User 1 has following tags [Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP] and User 2 has [Windows, IIS, PHP, MySQL] it says that User 2 matchs User 1 with a weight of 50%, because he has 2 similar tags(PHP and MySQL). But imagine the situation where User 1 has [ASP, IIS, MS Access] and User 2 has [PHP, Apache, MySQL]. In this situation my system doesn't suggest User 2 as a "friend" to User 1 or vice versa. But we now that these two users has similarity on the the field of work, both works on Web Technology (or Web Programming, etc). So, that is why I need kind of taxonomy of computer science (right now, but probably I would need taxonomy of other fields also, like medicine, physics, mathematics, etc.) where these concepts are categorized and so that when I search for similarity of ASP and PHP, for example, it can say that they have similarity and belong into one group(or category). I hope I described my problem clearly, but if something wrong explained would be happy for your corrections. Thanks

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• In the meantime, to be or not to be ... productive!

  - by Jan Kuboschek

  I just moved back to Europe from the US after living there for 7 years. Apart from major adjustment issues, I'm currently looking for a job over here. I'm mainly interested in (IT) Consulting and, since these jobs typically require programming knowledge, such as Java, I'm trying to think of something productive to write (perhaps to demo my skills) while I'm waiting for my interviews (starting in two weeks. Folks here are a bit slower than in the US apparently...). I graduated from college about a year and a half ago and have a 4 year degree in international management/economics and about 3/4 of a 2 year degree in computer science finished. I've written my fair share of web software over the years, but nothing concrete that I could show, especially not in Java. Now, I've never had the problem of not having any idea what to write. Basic games I could write, but I'm not sure how well that'll come over when I walk into my interview and say "hey, I was bored. Take a look at my multiplayer space invaders game! Wanna try beating me??". Any thoughts? I browsed SourceForge the other day to find a nice little project to contribute to, but decided that I don't want to commit to someone else's project at this time. Any ideas, perhaps from someone who has been, or currently is, in a similar position would be much appreciated. Oh, and lastly: Instead of developing a program or two to demonstrate my skills, I could spend my time brushing up on UML and Perl. Any suggestions regarding that? Writing a demo vs. learning something new?

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• Why do my debugger randomly jump out of debug mode?

  - by Clean

  Hi, I'm experiencing a very annoying behavior with the debugger in Visual Studio 2008 Professional. I'm debugging a ASP.NET web application, and when stepping through the code the debugger randomly "jumps out" of debug mode, but without the debugger stopping. So when I'm stepping through my code like this: step over, step over, step over, step over, ... , step over The debugger continues as If I was pressing Continue, like this: step over, step over, step over, step over, ... , continue Thing is, I never touch continue! So, the debugger is still running, the ASP.NET page renders, but my "stepping" ends. This is of course very annoying. And it happens totally randomly. Before switching to Windows 7 and IIS 7.5, I've never experienced this problem. My colleague who debugs the exact same code, but on a Windows XP machine running IIS 6 have never had this problem either. So my thought is, perhaps this is Windows 7 or IIS 7.5 related? I've already made sure <compilation defaultLanguage="c#" debug="true" /> is set in web.config. Have anyone experienced the same problem, or perhaps have an idea why I'm experiencing this annoying behavior? Thanx! P.S I realize this question might be more Visual Studio 2008 specific rather than programming specific, but I figure my best chance to find somebody that experienced the same problem would be at a forum for programmers (since naturally, programmers are the most frequent users of Visual Studio 2008).

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• Mixing stored procedures and ORM

  - by Jason

  The company I work for develops a large application which is almost entirely based on stored procedures. We use classic ASP and SQL Server and the major part of the business logic is contained inside those stored procedures. For example, (I know, this is bad...) a single stored procedure can be used for different purposes (insert, update, delete, make some calculations, ...). Most of the time, a stored procedure is used for operations on related tables, but this is not always the case. We are planning to move to ASP.NET in a near future. I have read a lot of posts on StackOverflow recommending that I move the business logic outside the database. The thing is, I have tried to convince the people who takes the decisions at our company and there is nothing I can do to change their mind. Since I want to be able to use the advantages of object-oriented programming, I want to map the tables to actual classes. So far, my solution is to use an ORM (Entity Framework 4 or nHibernate) to avoid mapping the objects manually (mostly to retrieve the data) and use some kind of Data Access Layer to call the existing stored procedures (for saving). I want your advice on this. Do you think it is a good solution? Any ideas?

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• What should a teen dev do for practical experience in development?

  - by aviraldg

  What should a teen dev do for practical experience? If you want more details , then read on: I learnt programming when I was 9 , with GWBASIC (which I now hate) , which was what was taught @ school. That was done in a month. After that I learnt C++ and relearnt it (as I didn't know of templates and the STL before that) Recently I learnt PHP , SQL and Python. This was around the time I switched over to Ubuntu. I'd always loved the "GNUish" style of software development so I jumped right in. However , most of the projects that I found required extensive knowledge of their existing codebase. So , right now I'm this guy who knows a couple of languages and has written a couple of small programs ... but hasn't gone "big", if you get it. I would love suggestions of projects that are informal and small to medium sized , and do not require much knowledge of the codebase. Also note that I've looked at things like Google Summer of Code and sites like savannah.gnu.org and the first doesn't apply , since I'm still in school and the latter either has infeasable projects , or things that are too hard.

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• Guidance on E-commerce in a Python Framework

  - by Ant

  I am looking for guidance in making decisions on using Python for E-commerce. My reasoning to use Python in the first place is i do a lot of 3D so it's a real help to use Python for web server side as well as 3D so I do not need to learn a new language. When I say E-commerce i mean the logic behind displaying products and a check out system that is Robust....and yes I really want to build this myself so I can change it. I do not want to use an out the box solution that costs a lot of money every month. I want control of server side, data bases, e-commerce etc. My questions are: What Frameworks are out there? I looked at previous questions on stackoverflow but only found old posts about Sachmo and Get paid. What is the learning path, I do not want to make a mistake that costs six months of studying? Python then Django? How long if I spent 10 hours a day studying this would it take to get up and running? I write javaScript badly, so I am not a complete noob, I understand the basics of programming languages. many thanks in advance

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• Reading input files in FORTRAN

  - by lollygagger

  Purpose: Create a program that takes two separate files, opens and reads them, assigns their contents to arrays, do some math with those arrays, create a new array with product numbers, print to a new file. Simple enough right? My input files have comment characters at the beginning. One trouble is, they are '#' which are comment characters for most plotting programs, but not FORTRAN. What is a simple way to tell the computer not to look at these characters? Since I have no previous FORTRAN experience, I am plowing through this with two test files. Here is what I have so far: PROGRAM gain IMPLICIT NONE REAL, DIMENSION (1:4, 1:8) :: X, Y, Z OPEN(1, FILE='test.out', & STATUS='OLD', ACTION='READ') ! opens the first file READ(1,*), X OPEN(2, FILE='test2.out', & STATUS='OLD', ACTION='READ') ! opens the second file READ(2,*), Y PRINT*, X, Y Z = X*Y ! PRINT*, Z OPEN(3, FILE='test3.out', STATUS='NEW', ACTION='WRITE') !creates a new file WRITE(3,*), Z CLOSE(1) CLOSE(2) CLOSE(3) END PROGRAM PS. Please do not overwhelm me with a bunch of code monkey gobblety gook. I am a total programming novice. I do not understand all the lingo, that is why I came here instead of searching for help in existing websites. Thanks.

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• calling constructor of the class in the destructor of the same class

  - by dicaprio

  Experts !! I know this question is one of the lousy one , but still I dared to open my mind , hoping I would learn from all. I was trying some examples as part of my routine and did this horrible thing, I called the constructor of the class from destructor of the same class. I don't really know if this is ever required in real programming , I cant think of any real time scenarios where we really need to call functions/CTOR in our destructor. Usually , destructor is meant for cleaning up. If my understanding is correct, why the compiler doesn't complain ? Is this because it is valid for some good reasons ? If so what are they ? I tried on Sun Forte, g++ and VC++ compiler and none of them complain about it. using namespace std; class test{ public: test(){ cout<<"CTOR"<<endl; } ~test() {cout<<"DTOR"<<endl; test(); }};

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• ctypes DLL with optional dependencies

  - by pisswillis

  Disclaimer: I'm new to windows programming so some of my assumptions may be wrong. Please correct me if so. I am developing a python wrapper for a C API using ctypes. The API ships with both 64 and 32 DLLs/LIBs. I can succesfully load the DLL using ctypes.WinDLL('TheLibName') and call functions etc etc. However some functions were not doing what they should. Upon further investigation it appears that the 32bit DLL is being used, which is what is causing the unexpected behaviour. I have tried using ctypes.WinDLL('TheLibName64') but the module is not found. I have tried registering the DLL with regsrv32, but it reports there is no entry point (it also reports no entry point when I try and register TheLibName, which is found by WinDLL(). The DLL came with a sample project in Visual Studio (I have 0 experience with VS so again please correct me here) which builds both 32 and 64 bit versions of the sample project. In the .vcsproj file the configurations for the 64 bit version include: AdditionalDependencies="TheLibName64.lib" in the VCLinkerTool section. In windows/system32 there are both TheLibName.dll/.lib, and TheLibName64.dll/.lib. So it seems to me that my problem is now to make the python ctypes DLL loader load these optional dependencies when the DLL is loaded. However I can't find any information on this (perhaps because, as a doze noob, I do not know the correct terminology) in the ctypes documentation. Is there a way to do this in ctypes? Am I going about this in completely the wrong way? Any help or general information about optional DLL dependencies and how they are loaded in windows would be much appreciated. Thanks

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• "end()" iterator for back inserters?

  - by Thanatos

  For iterators such as those returned from std::back_inserter(), is there something that can be used as an "end" iterator? This seems a little nonsensical at first, but I have an API which is: template<typename InputIterator, typename OutputIterator> void foo( InputIterator input_begin, InputIterator input_end, OutputIterator output_begin, OutputIterator output_end ); foo performs some operation on the input sequence, generating an output sequence. (Who's length is known to foo but may or may not be equal to the input sequence's length.) The taking of the output_end parameter is the odd part: std::copy doesn't do this, for example, and assumes you're not going to pass it garbage. foo does it to provide range checking: if you pass a range too small, it throws an exception, in the name of defensive programming. (Instead of potentially overwriting random bits in memory.) Now, say I want to pass foo a back inserter, specifically one from a std::vector which has no limit outside of memory constraints. I still need a "end" iterator - in this case, something that will never compare equal. (Or, if I had a std::vector but with a restriction on length, perhaps it might sometimes compare equal?) How do I go about doing this? I do have the ability to change foo's API - is it better to not check the range, and instead provide an alternate means to get the required output range? (Which would be needed anyways for raw arrays, but not required for back inserters into a vector.) This would seem less robust, but I'm struggling to make the "robust" (above) work.

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• android nested lists

  - by Raogrimm

  i'm new to programming android and i have found some useful things for my app, but i can't seem to find how to make a list filled with an string array display a new list that is going to be populated with a string array. i would like to have the user choose an item from the top_menu list and from there go to the desired area and have that array appear. this is what i have so far: public class HelloListActivity extends ListActivity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); String[] top_menu = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.top_menu); setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.list_item, top_menu)); ListView lv = getListView(); lv.setTextFilterEnabled(true); lv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() { public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { ??? } }); } all my arrays are working fine, i just don't know how to repopulate a new list with the other array depending on the choice the user made. any help is greatly appreciated

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• How to make buttons in python/pygame?

  - by user1334014

  I'm making a game in pygame and on the first screen I want there to be buttons that you can press to (i) start the game, (ii) load a new screen with instructions, and (iii) exit the program. I've found this code online for button making, but I don't really understand it (I'm not that good at object oriented programming). If I could get some explanation as to what it's doing that would be great. Also, when I use it and try to open a file on my computer using the file path, I get the error sh: filepath :Permission denied, which I don't know how to solve. #load_image is used in most pygame programs for loading images def load_image(name, colorkey=None): fullname = os.path.join('data', name) try: image = pygame.image.load(fullname) except pygame.error, message: print 'Cannot load image:', fullname raise SystemExit, message image = image.convert() if colorkey is not None: if colorkey is -1: colorkey = image.get_at((0,0)) image.set_colorkey(colorkey, RLEACCEL) return image, image.get_rect() class Button(pygame.sprite.Sprite): """Class used to create a button, use setCords to set position of topleft corner. Method pressed() returns a boolean and should be called inside the input loop.""" def __init__(self): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image, self.rect = load_image('button.png', -1) def setCords(self,x,y): self.rect.topleft = x,y def pressed(self,mouse): if mouse[0] > self.rect.topleft[0]: if mouse[1] > self.rect.topleft[1]: if mouse[0] < self.rect.bottomright[0]: if mouse[1] < self.rect.bottomright[1]: return True else: return False else: return False else: return False else: return False def main(): button = Button() #Button class is created button.setCords(200,200) #Button is displayed at 200,200 while 1: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos() if button.pressed(mouse): #Button's pressed method is called print ('button hit') if __name__ == '__main__': main() Thank you to anyone who can help me.

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• How to terminate a request in JSP (not the "return;")

  - by Genom

  I am programming a website with JSP. There are pages where user must be logged in to see it. If they are not logged in, they should see a login form. I have seen in a php code that you can make a .jsp page (single file), which checkes, whether the user is logged in or not. If not it will show the login form. If the user is logged in, nothing will be done. So in order to do that I use this structure in my JSPs: Headers, menus, etc. etc... normal stuff which would be shown such as body, footer to a logged in user. This structure is very easy to apply to all webpages. So I don't have to apply checking algorithm to each webpage! I can simply add this "" and the page is secure! So my problem is that if the user is not logged in, then only the log in form should be shown and the footer. So code should bypass the body. Therefore structured my checklogin.jsp so: If user is not logged in show the login form and footer and terminate request. The problem is that I don't know how to terminate the request... If I use "return;" then only the checklogin.jsp stops but server continues to process parent page! Therefore page has 2 footers! (1 from parent page and 1 from checklogin.jsp). How can I avoid this? (There is exit(); in php for this by the way!) Thanks for any suggestions!

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