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  • Why do bind1st and bind2nd require constant function objects?

    - by rlbond
    So, I was writing a C++ program which would allow me to take control of the entire world. I was all done writing the final translation unit, but I got an error: error C3848: expression having type 'const `anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<T,BinaryFunction>' would lose some const-volatile qualifiers in order to call 'void `anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<T,BinaryFunction>::operator ()(const point::Point &,const int &)' with [ T=SideCounter, BinaryFunction=std::plus<int> ] c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\functional(324) : while compiling class template member function 'void std::binder2nd<_Fn2>::operator ()(point::Point &) const' with [ _Fn2=`anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<SideCounter,std::plus<int>> ] c:\users\****\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\TAKE_OVER_THE_WORLD\grid_divider.cpp(361) : see reference to class template instantiation 'std::binder2nd<_Fn2>' being compiled with [ _Fn2=`anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<SideCounter,std::plus<int>> ] I looked in the specifications of binder2nd and there it was: it took a const AdaptibleBinaryFunction. So, not a big deal, I thought. I just used boost::bind instead, right? Wrong! Now my take-over-the-world program takes too long to compile (bind is used inside a template which is instantiated quite a lot)! At this rate, my nemesis is going to take over the world first! I can't let that happen -- he uses Java! So can someone tell me why this design decision was made? It seems like an odd decision. I guess I'll have to make some of the elements of my class mutable for now...

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  • In C++, what is the scope resolution ("order of precedence") for shadowed variable names?

    - by Emile Cormier
    In C++, what is the scope resolution ("order of precedence") for shadowed variable names? I can't seem to find a concise answer online. For example: #include <iostream> int shadowed = 1; struct Foo { Foo() : shadowed(2) {} void bar(int shadowed = 3) { std::cout << shadowed << std::endl; // What does this output? { int shadowed = 4; std::cout << shadowed << std::endl; // What does this output? } } int shadowed; }; int main() { Foo().bar(); } I can't think of any other scopes where a variable might conflict. Please let me know if I missed one. What is the order of priority for all four shadow variables when inside the bar member function?

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  • Floating Point Arithmetic - Modulo Operator on Double Type

    - by CrimsonX
    So I'm trying to figure out why the modulo operator is returning such a large unusual value. If I have the code: double result = 1.0d % 0.1d; it will give a result of 0.09999999999999995. I would expect a value of 0 Note this problem doesn't exist using the dividing operator - double result = 1.0d / 0.1d; will give a result of 10.0, meaning that the remainder should be 0. Let me be clear: I'm not surprised that an error exists, I'm surprised that the error is so darn large compared to the numbers at play. 0.0999 ~= 0.1 and 0.1 is on the same order of magnitude as 0.1d and only one order of magnitude away from 1.0d. Its not like you can compare it to a double.epsilon, or say "its equal if its < 0.00001 difference". I've read up on this topic on StackOverflow, in the following posts one two three, amongst others. Can anyone suggest explain why this error is so large? Any any suggestions to avoid running into the problems in the future (I know I could use decimal instead but I'm concerned about the performance of that).

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  • How to benchmark on multi-core processors

    - by Pascal Cuoq
    I am looking for ways to perform micro-benchmarks on multi-core processors. Context: At about the same time desktop processors introduced out-of-order execution that made performance hard to predict, they, perhaps not coincidentally, also introduced special instructions to get very precise timings. Example of these instructions are rdtsc on x86 and rftb on PowerPC. These instructions gave timings that were more precise than could ever be allowed by a system call, allowed programmers to micro-benchmark their hearts out, for better or for worse. On a yet more modern processor with several cores, some of which sleep some of the time, the counters are not synchronized between cores. We are told that rdtsc is no longer safe to use for benchmarking, but I must have been dozing off when we were explained the alternative solutions. Question: Some systems may save and restore the performance counter and provide an API call to read the proper sum. If you know what this call is for any operating system, please let us know in an answer. Some systems may allow to turn off cores, leaving only one running. I know Mac OS X Leopard does when the right Preference Pane is installed from the Developers Tools. Do you think that this make rdtsc safe to use again? More context: Please assume I know what I am doing when trying to do a micro-benchmark. If you are of the opinion that if an optimization's gains cannot be measured by timing the whole application, it's not worth optimizing, I agree with you, but I cannot time the whole application until the alternative data structure is finished, which will take a long time. In fact, if the micro-benchmark were not promising, I could decide to give up on the implementation now; I need figures to provide in a publication whose deadline I have no control over.

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  • Ditching Django's models for Ajax/Web Services

    - by Igor Ganapolsky
    Recently I came across a problem at work that made me rethink Django's models. The app I am developing resides on a Linux server. Its a simple model/view/controller app that involves user interaction and updating data in the database. The problem is that this data resides in a MS SQL database on a Windows machine. So in order to use Django's models, I would have to leverage an ODBC driver on linux, and the use a python add-on like pyodbc. Well, let me tell you, setting up a reliable and functional ODBC connection on linux is no easy feat! So much so, that I spent several hours maneuvering this on my CentOS with no luck, and was left with frustration and lots of dumb system errors. In the meantime I have a deadline to meet, and suddenly the very agile and rapid Django application is a roadblock rather than a pleasure to work with. Someone on my team suggested writing this app in .NET. But there are a few problems with that: it won't be deployable on a linux machine, and I won't be able to work on it since I don't know ASP.net. Then a much better suggestion was made: keep the app in django, but instead of using models, do straight up ajax/web services calls in the template. And then it dawned on me - what a great idea. Django's models seem like a nuissance and hindrance in this case, and I can just have someone else write .Net services on their side, that I can call from my template. As a result my app will be leaner and more compact. So, I was wondering if you guys ever came across a similar dillema and what you decided to do about it.

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  • How does static code run with multiple threads?

    - by Krisc
    I was reading http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1511798/threading-from-within-a-class-with-static-and-non-static-methods and I am in a similar situation. I have a static method that pulls data from a resource and creates some runtime objects based on the data. static class Worker{ public static MyObject DoWork(string filename){ MyObject mo = new MyObject(); // ... does some work return mo; } } The method takes awhile (in this case it is reading 5-10mb files) and returns an object. I want to take this method and use it in a multiple thread situation so I can read multiple files at once. Design issues / guidelines aside, how would multiple threads access this code? Let's say I have something like this... class ThreadedWorker { public void Run() { Thread t = new Thread(OnRun); t.Start(); } void OnRun() { MyObject mo = Worker.DoWork("somefilename"); mo.WriteToConsole(); } } Does the static method run for each thread, allowing for parallel execution?

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  • What is the easiest way to read wav-files using Python [summary]?

    - by Roman
    I want to use Python to access a wav-file and write its content in a form which allows me to analyze it (let's say arrays). I heard that "audiolab" is a suitable tool for that (it transforms numpy arrays into wav and vica versa). I have installed the "audiolab" but I had a problem with the version of numpy (I could not "from numpy.testing import Tester"). I had 1.1.1. version of numpy. I have installed a newer version on numpy (1.4.0). But then I got a new set of errors: Traceback (most recent call last): File "test.py", line 7, in import scikits.audiolab File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/scikits/audiolab/init.py", line 25, in from pysndfile import formatinfo, sndfile File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/scikits/audiolab/pysndfile/init.py", line 1, in from _sndfile import Sndfile, Format, available_file_formats, available_encodings File "numpy.pxd", line 30, in scikits.audiolab.pysndfile._sndfile (scikits/audiolab/pysndfile/_sndfile.c:9632) ValueError: numpy.dtype does not appear to be the correct type object I gave up to use audiolab and thought that I can use "wave" package to read in a wav-file. I asked a question about that but people recommended to use scipy instead. OK, I decided to focus on scipy (I have 0.6.0. version). But when I tried to do the following: from scipy.io import wavfile x = wavfile.read('/usr/share/sounds/purple/receive.wav') I get the following: Traceback (most recent call last): File "test3.py", line 4, in <module> from scipy.io import wavfile File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/scipy/io/__init__.py", line 23, in <module> from numpy.testing import NumpyTest ImportError: cannot import name NumpyTest So, I gave up to use scipy. Can I use just wave package? I do not need much. I just need to have content of wav-file in human readable format and than I will figure out what to do with that.

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  • How to generate lots of redundant ajax elements like checkboxes and pulldowns in Django?

    - by iJames
    Hello folks. I've been getting lots of answers from stackoverflow now that I'm in Django just be searching. Now I hope my question will also create some value for everybody. In choosing Django, I was hoping there was some similar mechanism to the way you can do partials in ROR. This was going to help me in two ways. One was in generating repeating indexed forms or form elements, and also in rendering only a piece of the page on the round trip. I've done a little bit of that by using taconite with a simple URL click but now I'm trying to get more advanced. This will focus on the form issue which boils down to how to iterate over a secondary object. If I have a list of photo instances, each of which has a couple of parameters, let's say a size and a quantity. I want to generate form elements for each photo instance separately. But then I have two lists I want to iterate on at the same time. Context: photos : Photo.objects.all() and forms = {} for photo in photos: forms[photo.id] = PhotoForm() In other words we've got a list of photo objects and a dict of forms based on the photo.id. Here's an abstraction of the template: {% for photo in photos %} {% include "photoview.html" %} {% comment %} So here I want to use the photo.id as an index to get the correct form. So that each photo has its own form. I would want to have a different action and each form field would be unique. Is that possible? How can I iterate on that? Thanks! {% endcomment %} Quantity: {{ oi.quantity }} {{ form.quantity }} Dimensions: {{ oi.size }} {{ form.size }} {% endfor %} What can I do about this simple case. And how can I make it where every control is automatically updating the server instead of using a form at all? Thanks! James

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  • Group vs role (Any real difference?)

    - by Ondrej
    Can anyone tell me, what's the real difference between group and role? Ive been trying to figure this out for some time now and the more information I read, the more I get the sence, that this is brought up just to confuse people and there is no proper difference in this. Both can do the other one's job. Ive always used a group to manage users and their access rights. Recently, I've come accross an administration software, where is a bunch of users. Each user can have assigned a module (whole system is split into a few parts called modules ie. Administration module, Survey module, Orders module, Customer module). On top of it, each module have a list of functionalities, that can be allowed or denied for each user. So let's say, a user John Smith can access module Orders and can edit any order, but havent given a right to delete any of them. If there was more users with the same competency, I would use a group to manage that. I would aggregate such users into the same group and assign access rights to modules and their functions to the group. All users in the same group would have the same access rights. Why call it a group and not role? I don't know, I just feel it that way. It seems to me, that simply it just doesnt really matter :] But I still would like to know the real difference. What about you guys? Any suggestions why this should be rather called role than group or the other way round? Thanks to everyone.

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  • Is Accessing USB from web application for cross browser cross os possible at all ?

    - by Ved
    Hey Guys, I am wondering if there is anyway we can achieve this. I heard different things about Silverlight 4 , Java Script or Active X control but not seen any demo of code for any of them. Does anyone know any web component that is available or how to write one. We really like capture client's USB drive via Web and read/write data on it. This has to work for ANY Operating system in Any web browser. Thanks UPDATED What about WPF in browser mode...I read that I can host my wpf apps inside browser and sort of like smart client. Here is a great example of doing this via silverlight 4 but author mentions about possibility of accessing USB on MAC via 1) Enable executing AppleScripts. This option will let us have the same amount of control on a mac machine as we do on a windows machine. 2) Add an overload to ComAutomationFactory.CreateObject() that calls the “Tell Application” command under the scenes and gets a AppleScript object. This option would work extremely well for Office automation. For any other operating system feature, you’ll have to code OS access twice.  I did not quite understand it. Has any tried this ?

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  • Technique for selectively formatting data in a PowerShell pipeline and output as HTML

    - by halr9000
    Say that you want to do some fancy formatting of some tabular output from powershell, and the destination is to be html (either for a webserver, or to be sent in an email). Let's say for example that you want certain numeric values to have a different background color. Whatever. I can think of two solid programmatic ways to accomplish this: output XML and transform with XSLT, or output HTML and decorate with CSS. XSLT is probably the harder of the two (I say that because I don't know it), but from what little I recall, it has the benefit of bring able to embed the selection criteria (xpath?) for aforementioned fancy formatting. CSS on the other hand needs a helping hand. If you wanted a certain cell to be treated specially, then you would need to distinguish it from its siblings with a class, id, or something along those lines. PowerShell doesn't really have a way to do that natively, so that would mean parsing the HTML as it leaves convertto-html and adding, for example, a "emphasis" class: <td class="emphasis">32MB</td> I don't like the idea of the required text parsing, especially given that I would rather be able to somehow emphasize what needs emphasizing in Powershell before it hits HTML. Is XSLT the best way? Have suggestions for how to markup the HTML after it leaves convertto-html or ideas of a different way?

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  • Loading Jscript files into Firefox extension

    - by colon3l
    Hi ! Let's get directly to the problem : I'm actually doing a firefox extension in which i would like to implement the jWebsocket API in order to build a small chat. I got my main script file, named test.js, and the jWebsocket lib into a js folder. Just for you to know, this is my first firefox extension ever. So in my XUL file I got this (for the script part only of course, the interface code is not shown) : <overlay id="test-overlay" xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul"> <script type="application/x-javascript" src="chrome://test/content/test.js" /> <script type="application/x-javascript" src="chrome://test/content/js/jwebsocket.js" /> jwebsocket.js being the file I need to call according to jWebsocket website. In my main script file test.js I start with : if (jws.browserSupportsWebSockets()) { jWebSocketClient = new jws.jWebSocketJSONClient(); } else { var lMsg = jws.MSG_WS_NOT_SUPPORTED; alert(lMsg); } jws being the namespace created into the jwebsocket.js file. Of course I've got the required stand-alone server running in background, and working. So from what I understood looking on various websites, is that if a js file is loaded into the javascript allocated memory space (with the tag), all namespace/function should be available between each file. But this was mostly for HTML-oriented issues, so I'm not sure if it applies to XUL/Firefox environment. But the script keep failing at the first jws call. Any ideas on what goes wrong here ? I'm stuck for 2 days now :/

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  • Accessing memory buffer after fread()

    - by xiongtx
    I'm confused as to how fread() is used. Below is an example from cplusplus.com /* fread example: read a complete file */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main () { FILE * pFile; long lSize; char * buffer; size_t result; pFile = fopen ( "myfile.bin" , "rb" ); if (pFile==NULL) {fputs ("File error",stderr); exit (1);} // obtain file size: fseek (pFile , 0 , SEEK_END); lSize = ftell (pFile); rewind (pFile); // allocate memory to contain the whole file: buffer = (char*) malloc (sizeof(char)*lSize); if (buffer == NULL) {fputs ("Memory error",stderr); exit (2);} // copy the file into the buffer: result = fread (buffer,1,lSize,pFile); if (result != lSize) {fputs ("Reading error",stderr); exit (3);} /* the whole file is now loaded in the memory buffer. */ // terminate fclose (pFile); free (buffer); return 0; } Let's say that I don't use fclose() just yet. Can I now just treat buffer as an array and access elements like buffer[i]? Or do I have to do something else?

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  • How to display a generic error page in Asp.Net MVC 2

    - by Picflight
    I have the following in my base controller: protected override void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext) { if (filterContext == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("filterContext"); } // If custom errors are disabled, we need to let the normal ASP.NET exception handler // execute so that the user can see useful debugging information. if (filterContext.ExceptionHandled || !filterContext.HttpContext.IsCustomErrorEnabled) { return; } Exception exception = filterContext.Exception; // If this is not an HTTP 500 (for example, if somebody throws an HTTP 404 from an action method), // ignore it. if (new HttpException(null, exception).GetHttpCode() != 500) { return; } // TODO: What is the namespace for ExceptionType? //if (!ExceptionType.IsInstanceOfType(exception)) //{ // return; //} // Send Email MailException(exception); // TODO: What does this line do? base.OnException(filterContext); filterContext.Result = new ViewResult { ViewName = "Error" }; filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true; filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Clear(); filterContext.HttpContext.Response.StatusCode = 500; } In my Shared folder, I have an Error.aspx View. Web.config <customErrors mode="On" /> I am still seeing the yellow screen when an exception occurs. What am I doing incorrectly?

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  • SVN Serve, Missing a Directory

    - by Ryan Smith
    I'm sure this is an asinine question, and I blame myself for not fully understanding how the SVNSERVE process works. I have an SVN repo, but it needs to be moved to a server within a clients cloud. I did this a while back and ran into the issue of the SVNSERVE.exe process not getting set to the right directory. I have the SVNSERVE.exe process running as a windows service and pointing to the right directory. There are two other repos there that are serving out fine in the same directory. I copied out the new directory just like I did with the others, but I'm getting the error "No repository found". I thought that SVNSERVE just looked at that directory and served out the repositories that were there, but I have had a hard time finding more information about that. I thought it was a Windows permission problem, but I set the whole folder to be full control to EVERYONE, so that's not it. I feel horrible I didn't fully understand this problem the first time I fought it, but it's late on a Sunday night and clients are yelling. Anyone know what I'm missing? Thanks. EDIT: It's specific to the repository. I tested the same process with some of the other repos we have on our server and when I copied them up, they worked just as expected. This bug is breaking me and I wish I could provide more details, but that's all I know. I'm going to try to do an SVN Dump instead of an XCopy and see how that goes. I'll let you know.

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  • Modify the server side functions using jquery

    - by ant
    Hi, I am developing one website using cakephp and jquery technologies. Server-side there are some functions which handles sql queris. As per requirement I want to modify server side functions on client side using jquery AJAX call. E.g. : Below is the function on server side to modify users information. function modifyUser(username,userid) { //update query statements } Then jquery AJAX call will be like this : $.ajax({ url: 'users/modiyUser', success: function() { alert("Updation done") or any statements. } }); and I want to modify above i.e. server side function depending upon client input criteria. $.ajax({ function users/modiyUser(username,userid) { // I will write here any other statements which gives me some other output. } }); Above AJAX call syntax may not present, but i think you all understood what I am trying to do I simply wants to modify/override server side functions on client side. Please let me know is there any way to resolve above mentioned requirement. Thanks in adavance

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  • Still don't understand file upload-folder permissions

    - by Camran
    I have checked out articles and tutorials. I don't know what to do about the security of my picture upload-folder. It is pictures for classifieds which should be uploaded to the folder. This is what I want: Anybody may upload images to the folder. The images will be moved to another folder, by another php-code later on (automatic). Only I may manually remove them, as well as another php file on the server which automatically empties the folder after x-days. What should I do here? The images are uploaded via a php-upload script. This script checks to see if the extension of the file is actually a valid image-file. When I try this: chmod 755 images the images wont be uploaded. But like this it works: chmod 777 images But 777 is a security risk right? Please give me detailed information... The Q is, what to do to solve this problem, not info about what permissions there are etc etc... Thanks If you need more info let me know...

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  • SQL Server performance issue.

    - by Jit
    Hi Friends, I have been trying to analyze performance issue with SQL Server 2005. We have 30 jobs, one for each databases (30 databases, one per each client). The jobs run at early morning at an interval of 5 minutes. When I run the job individually for testing, for most of the databases it finishes in 7 to 9 minutes. But when these jobs run at early morning, I see few jobs taking 2 to 3 hours to finish and the same takes few minutes as mentioned above if ran independently. We dont have any other job scheduled during that time, other than these 30 jobs. If we restart the server then for 2 or so days all the jobs finishes in few minutes, but over the period of time (from 3rd day suddenly), few jobs start taking hours to finish. What could be the possible reason of performance degradation over the period of time? I verified all the SPs and we uses temp tables and I made sure none of the temp table is left without dropping at the end of SP. Let me know what are the possible reasons for such behavior. Appreciate your time and help. Thanks

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  • What are Code Smells? What is the best way to correct them?

    - by Rob Cooper
    OK, so I know what a code smell is, and the Wikipedia Article is pretty clear in its definition: In computer programming, code smell is any symptom in the source code of a computer program that indicates something may be wrong. It generally indicates that the code should be refactored or the overall design should be reexamined. The term appears to have been coined by Kent Beck on WardsWiki. Usage of the term increased after it was featured in Refactoring. Improving the Design of Existing Code. I know it also provides a list of common code smells. But I thought it would be great if we could get clear list of not only what code smells there are, but also how to correct them. Some Rules Now, this is going to be a little subjective in that there are differences to languages, programming style etc. So lets lay down some ground rules: ** ONE SMELL PER ANSWER PLEASE! & ADVISE ON HOW TO CORRECT! ** See this answer for a good display of what this thread should be! DO NOT downmod if a smell doesn't apply to your language or development methodology We are all different. DO NOT just quickly smash in as many as you can think of Think about the smells you want to list and get a good idea down on how to work around. DO downmod answers that just look rushed For example "dupe code - remove dupe code". Let's makes it useful (e.g. Duplicate Code - Refactor into separate methods or even classes, use these links for help on these common.. etc. etc.). DO upmod answers that you would add yourself If you wish to expand, then answer with your thoughts linking to the original answer (if it's detailed) or comment if its a minor point. DO format your answers! Help others to be able to read it, use code snippets, headings and markup to make key points stand out!

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  • Can I add a portrait layout on top of a landscape Camera SurfaceView?

    - by Uwe Krass
    My application should hold a camera preview surface. The camera is fixed to landscape view via AndroidMainfest.xml <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="Camera"> <uses-library android:name="com.google.android.maps" /> <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" /> <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" /> <activity android:name=".CameraPreview" android:label="Camera" android:screenOrientation="landscape"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> If there is another way to get the camera preview itself to behave correctly, please let me know. Now I need to have an overlay that holds a bunch of buttons. Due to usability, the user interface should be set to portrait view (or even better orientation aware). Is there a way to have a transparent layout (for buttons and other GUI elements) in portrait orientation? I tried to write a special rotated layout by extending a RelativeLayout, but the onDraw method isn't called at anytime. public class RotatedOverlay extends RelativeLayout { private static final String TAG = "RotatedOverlay"; public RotatedOverlay(Context context, AttributeSet attrs ) { super(context, attrs); } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { canvas.rotate(90); super.onDraw(canvas); } I am quite new to the Android plattform programming. Of course I dont know much about the programming tricks and workarounds yet. I did a lot of research over the last two weeks (even studied the native Camera implementation), but couldnt find a good solution so far. Maybe it works with two seperate Activities, but I dont think, that this can the right solution.

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  • Using bash to copy file to spec folders

    - by Franko
    I have a folder with a fair amount of subfolders. In some of the subfolders do I have a folder.jpg picture. What I try to do find that folder(s) and copy it to all other subfolders that got the same artist and album information then continue on to the next album etc. The structure of all the folders are "artist - year - album - [encoding information]". I have made a really simple one liner that find the folders that got the file but there am I stuck. ls -F | grep / | while read folders;do find "$folders" -name folder.jpg; done Anyone have any good tip or ideas how to solve this or pointers how to proceed? Edit: First of all, i´m real new to this (like you cant tell) so please have patience. Ok, let me break it down even more. I have a folder structure that looks like this: artist1 - year - album - [flac] artist1 - year - album - [mp3] artist1 - year - album - [AAC] artist2 - year - album - [flac] etc I like to loop over the set of folders that have the same artist and album information and look for a folder.jpg file. When I find that file do I like to copy it to all of the other folders in the same set. Ex if I find one folder.jpg in artist1 - year - album - [flac] folder do I like to have that folder.jpg copied to artist1 - year - album - [mp3] & artist1 - year - album - [AAC] but not to artist2 - year - album - [flac]. The continue the loop until all the sets been processed. I really hope that makes it a bit more easy to understand what I try to do :)

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  • Executing logic before save or validation with EF Code-First Models

    - by Ryan Norbauer
    I'm still getting accustomed to EF Code First, having spent years working with the Ruby ORM, ActiveRecord. ActiveRecord used to have all sorts of callbacks like before_validation and before_save, where it was possible to modify the object before it would be sent off to the data layer. I am wondering if there is an equivalent technique in EF Code First object modeling. I know how to set object members at the time of instantiation, of course, (to set default values and so forth) but sometimes you need to intervene at different moments in the object lifecycle. To use a slightly contrived example, say I have a join table linking Authors and Plays, represented with a corresponding Authoring object: public class Authoring { public int ID { get; set; } [Required] public int Position { get; set; } [Required] public virtual Play Play { get; set; } [Required] public virtual Author Author { get; set; } } where Position represents a zero-indexed ordering of the Authors associated to a given Play. (You might have a single "South Pacific" Play with two authors: a "Rodgers" author with a Position 0 and a "Hammerstein" author with a Position 1.) Let's say I wanted to create a method that, before saving away an Authoring record, it checked to see if there were any existing authors for the Play to which it was associated. If no, it set the Position to 0. If yes, it would find set the Position of the highest value associated with that Play and increment by one. Where would I implement such logic within an EF code first model layer? And, in other cases, what if I wanted to massage data in code before it is checked for validation errors? Basically, I'm looking for an equivalent to the Rails lifecycle hooks mentioned above, or some way to fake it at least. :)

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  • How to calculate the height of the text rectangle from an NSString?

    - by mystify
    I know there is this one: sizeWithFont:minFontSize:actualFontSize:forWidth:lineBreakMode: But since the CGSize always has the same height and doesn't adjust to any shrinked text or whatsoever, the CGSize is not telling how heigh the text is. Example: Make a UILabel with 320 x 55 points and put a loooooooooooooong text in there. Let the label shrink the text down. Surprise: CGSize.height remains the same height even if the text is so tiny that you need a microscope. Ok so after banging my head against my macbook pro which is half way broken now, the only think that can help is that nasty actualFontSize. But the font size is in pica I think, it's not really what you get on the screen, isn't it? When that font size is 10, is my text really 10 points heigh at maximum? Once in a while I tried exactly that, and as soon as the text had a y or some character that extends to below (like that tail of an y does), it is out of bounds and the whole text is bigger than 10 points. So how would you calculate the real text height for a single line uilabel without getting a long beard and some hospital experience?

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  • Varchar columns: Nullable or not.

    - by NYSystemsAnalyst
    The database development standards in our organization state the varchar fields should not allow null values. They should have a default value of an empty string (""). I know this makes querying and concatenation easier, but today, one of my coworkers questioned me about why that standard only existed for varchar types an not other datatypes (int, datetime, etc). I would like to know if others consider this to be a valid, defensible standard, or if varchar should be treated the same as fields of other data types? I believe this standard is valid for the following reason: I believe that an empty string and null values, though technically different, are conceptually the same. An empty, zero length string is a string that does not exist. It has no value. However, a numeric value of 0 is not the same as NULL. For example, if a field called OutstandingBalance has a value of 0, it means there are $0.00 remaining. However, if the same field is NULL, that means the value is unknown. On the other hand, a field called CustomerName with a value of "" is basically the same as a value of NULL because both represent the non-existence of the name. I read somewhere that an analogy for an empty string vs. NULL is that of a blank CD vs. no CD. However, I believe this to be a false analogy because a blank CD still phyically exists and still has physical data space that does not have any meaningful data written to it. Basically, I believe a blank CD is the equivalent of a string of blank spaces (" "), not an empty string. Therefore, I believe a string of blank spaces to be an actual value separate from NULL, but an empty string to be the absense of value conceptually equivalent to NULL. Please let me know if my beliefs regarding variable length strings are valid, or please enlighten me if they are not. I have read several blogs / arguments regarding this subject, but still do not see a true conceptual difference between NULLs and empty strings.

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  • Can't get screen pixel from a specific full screen game with any language?

    - by user1007059
    Okay, I know this might seem like I'm posting a duplicate question since I've asked something similar like a day ago HOWEVER, if anyone sees any problem with this, please read my question first before judging: Yesterday I tried getting a specific pixel from a fullscreen game in C#. I thought my C# code was faulty but when I tried with multiple full screen games today they all worked except for that specific game. I literally tried with 10 different full screen games, a couple being mmofps, mmorpg, mmotps, regular rpg games, regular shooters, regular action adventure games, etc. I tried with multiple programming languages, and with every game except that specific game I'm dealing with, it returns the pixel color to me like I wanted. So let me explain what I tried: first I tried returning an IntPtr with C# using GetDC(IntPtr.Zero) before invoking GetPixel(int x, int y) and then getting the color out of it. Then I tried using the Robot class in Java and using the getPixelColor(int x, int y) method. I also tried using GetDC(0) to return an HDC object in C++ and then invoking GetPixel(int x, int y) before again extracting the color. These three methods worked EXACTLY the same in every single game except that specific game I was talking about. They returned the pixel perfectly, and extracted the exact same color perfectly. I don't feel it's necessary to tell you the game name or anything, since you probably don't even know it, but what could possibly be causing this malfunction in 1 specific game? PS: The game ALWAYS returns an RGB color of: A = 255, R = 0, G = 0, B = 0. Also, I tried taking a snapshot of the game with the 3 programming languages, and then getting the pixel which actually works in all 3 languages, but since I need to get this pixel every 30 ms, it kind of makes my game lag a bit (+ I think it takes up a lot of memory)

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