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  • What happens if we serialize and deserialize two objects which references to each other?

    - by Seregwethrin
    To make it more clear, this is a quick example: class A implements Serializable { public B b; } class B implements Serializable { public A a; } A a = new A(); B b = new B(); a.b = b; b.a = a; So what happens if we serialize a and b objects into a file and deserialize from that file? I thought we get 4 objects, 2 of each. Identical objects but different instances. But I'm not sure if there's anything else or is it right or wrong. If any technology needed to answer, please think based on Java. Thank you.

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  • CDI 1.1 Public Review and Feedback

    - by reza_rahman
    CDI 1.1 is humming along nicely and recently released it's public review draft. Although it's just a point release, CDI 1.1 actually has a lot in it. Some the changes include: The CDI class, which provides programmatic access to CDI facilities from outside a managed bean Ability to veto beans declaratively using @Vetoed Conversations in Servlet requests Application lifecycle events in Java EE Injection of Bean metadata into bean instances Programmatic access to a container provided Producer, InjectionTarget, AnnotatedType Ability to override attributes of a Bean via BeanAttributes Ability to process modules via ProcessModule Ability to wrap the InjectionPoint Honor WEB-INF/classes/META-INF/beans.xml to activate WEB-INF/classes in a bean archive Global ordering and enablement of interceptors and decorators Global selection of alternatives @New deprecated Clarify interceptors and decorators must be implemented using proxying Allow multiple annotated types per Java class Allow Extensions to specify the annotations that they are interested in The CDI 1.1 expert group has a number of open issues that they would like immediate feedback on. These include critical issues like bean visibility, startup events and restricting CDI scans. Read the details here and let your voice be heard!

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  • How to prevent a search engines from indexing a section of a page?

    - by BrunoLM
    I have many pages with lots of text in it. But I will always have two sections of text and I want to prevent one section from appearing in search results, the other section must be indexed. <p class="please-index-me">text</p> <p class="get-out">never index me please</p> I thought that maybe if I load the "please don't index me text" with Javascript maybe search engines wouldn't look for it. But I am not sure it would work and this is not really nice. I was wondering if there is a way to tell search engines "hey, this text you can't grab, move on". So, is there a way to do it?

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  • Multiple parameters vs single parameter(object with multiple properties)

    - by Shwetanka
    I have an Entity Student with following properties - (name, joinedOn, birthday, age, batch, etc.) and a function fetchStudents(<params>). I want to fetch students based on multiple filters. In my method I have two ways to pass filters. Pass all filters as params to the method Make a class StudentCriteria with filters as fields and then pass the object of this class While working in java I always go with the second option but recently I'm working in php and I was advised to go with the first way. I am unable to figure out which way is better in maintaining the code, reusability and performance wise. Thanks.

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  • What is the right way to group this project into classes?

    - by sigil
    I originally asked this on SO, where it was closed and recommended that I ask it here instead. I'm trying to figure out how to group all the functions necessary for my project into classes. The goal of the project is to execute the following process: Get the user's FTP credentials (username & password). Check to make sure the credentials establish a valid connection to the FTP server. Query several Sharepoint lists and join the results of those queries to create a list of items that need to have action taken on them. Each item in the list has a folder. For each item: Zip the contents of the folder. Upload the folder to the FTP server using SFTP Update the item's Sharepoint data. Email the user an Excel report showing, e.g., Items without folder paths Items that failed to zip or upload Steps 2-5 are performed on a periodic basis; if step 2 returns an invalid connection, the user is alerted and the process returns to step 1. If at any point the user presses a certain key, the process terminates. I've defined the following set of classes, each of which is in its own .cs file: SFTP: file transfer processes DataHandler: Sharepoint data retrieval/querying/updating processes. Also makes and uploads the zip files. Exceptions: Not just one class, this is the .cs file where I have all of my exception classes. Report: Builds and sends the report. Program: The main class for running the program. I recognize that the DataHandler class is a god object, but I don't have a good idea of how to refactor it. I feel like it should be more fine-grained than just breaking it into Sharepoint, Zip, and Upload, but maybe that's it. Also, I haven't yet worked out how to combine the periodic behavior with the "wait for user input at any point in the process" part; I think that involves threads, which means other classes to manage the threads... I'm not that well-versed in design patterns, but is there one that fits this project well? If this is too big of a topic to neatly explain in an SO answer, I'll also accept a link to a good tutorial on what I'm trying to do here.

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  • C++ game architecture

    - by rxc
    I'm trying to make a game, but I'm not sure of the best way to set up the main loop and classes. For really small games, I could put everything in the main() loop, including event handling, collision checking, etc. However, for large games, that's seems like a highly inefficient way to get things done. The architecture I want is kind like the way the Minecraft coders did it (I quote Minecraft code because I've seen the source code when downloading MCP). They have objects entity classes EntityCow and EntityChicken and they have methods like onDeath(), onLivingUpdate(); and item classes like ItemSword have methods like onItemUse(). I've never seen these methods get called directly, but apparently, they get stored in a class called DataWatcher, which, I think "watches" all the data (as the name implies) and calls the appropriate methods in the objects. Is that how most games do it? If so, how is the DataWatcher class implemented? Any help or alternate suggestions is really appreciated.

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  • Using <strong> for introductory paragraph to a post - a bad idea?

    - by user1515699
    I have a news website and on most posts the first paragraph is in bold. Currently the authors are just using <strong> to bold the paragraph, would it be better from an SEO point of view to rather use a paragraph class that is styled with p.bold {font-weight:bold;} <p class="bold">. Does <strong> on the first paragraph send the wrong message to search engines? The text is important but the main reason it is in bold is because it is the opening paragraph. I realise <strong> is used to emphasise certain words on a page

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  • Color based collision detection

    - by user1486826
    I am making a game where you fly a ship around some randomly generated planets. Since I am using a for loop to draw over 5000 planets, using the rectangle class or an oval-type class for this is not an option, since creating many objects will severely affect performance. Bitmasking each planet will likely result in performance issues too, so the only candidate is color based collision detection, because I don't need to apply some sort of object to everything I want to check for collisions. Is any way to check the perimeter around the ship for a certain color?

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  • Generic IEqualityComparer

    - by Nettuce
    A generic equality comparer that takes a property expression or a comparison Func public class GenericComparer<T> : IEqualityComparer<T> where T : class         {             private readonly Func<T, T, bool> comparerExpression;             private readonly string propertyName;             public GenericComparer(Func<T, T, bool> comparerExpression)             {                 this.comparerExpression = comparerExpression;             }             public GenericComparer(Expression<Func<T, object>> propertyExpression)             {                 propertyName = (propertyExpression.Body is UnaryExpression ? (MemberExpression)((UnaryExpression)propertyExpression.Body).Operand : (MemberExpression)propertyExpression.Body).Member.Name;             }             public bool Equals(T x, T y)             {                 return comparerExpression == null ? x.GetType().GetProperty(propertyName).GetValue(x, null).Equals(y.GetType().GetProperty(propertyName).GetValue(y, null)) : comparerExpression.Invoke(x, y);             }             public int GetHashCode(T obj)             {                 return obj.ToString().GetHashCode();             }         }

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  • C++ function returning pointer, why does this work ? [migrated]

    - by nashmaniac
    So heres a simple c++ function what it does it take an array of characters as its argument and a integer n and then creates a new character array with only n elements of the array. char * cutString(char * ch , int n){ char * p = new char[n]; int i ; for(i = 0 ; i < n ; i++) p[i] = ch[i]; while(i <= n ){ p[i++] = '\0'; } return p ; } this works just fine but if I change char * p = new char[n]; to char p[n]; I see funny characters what happens ? What difference does the former make also p is a temporary variable then how does the function returns it alright ?

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  • Repainting a window with a new scene with winapi (beginner question)

    - by user90760
    I'm following theForger's win32 API tutorial in order to create a GUI for a project. I've successfully made simple, one window applications, but I can't figure out how to repaint an entire window with new information. As an example: I have five buttons corresponding to five colors on the main application window. When a user clicks a color button, the entire window is repainted such that: 1. all five buttons are removed and a new "back" button is replaced, 2. the background is colored the color that was picked. I'm able to change the background color by trapping the button pressed message in my wndproc, but I can't figure out how to change the entire window with a new "scene" (removing the color buttons and adding a back button). This seems like a trivial task, but I can't find a solution in tutorials. Do I need to declare a new windows class with the back button and then have my button trap create a window of this class?

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  • XNA tempory pause

    - by Marivs
    I need to do a temporary pause. If I do a collision with an enemy I want to pause the game for 1.5 seconds. Take a look here to my code: bool tPause; float timer; public ovveride Update(GameTime gameTime) { if(!tPause) { //... if(enemy.rectangle.Intersects(player.rectangle)) { timer+=(float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds; tPause=true; if(timer>1500) { tPause=false; timer=0; } } //... } } It doesn't function.

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  • Overriding a function in an instance [on hold]

    - by MustSeeMelons
    Is it possible to override a function by instance? For example, A and B are both instances of MyClass. I have a function Action(), and I want to specify its implementation for each instance. To be more specific - the class is a Button, and the function is Clicked(). I don't want to derive a class 5 times to create 5 different button actions. Was thinking of something like it's handled in Java Swing: create a button, add code for the button press and use the button.

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  • How should I refactor switch statements like this (Switching on type) to be more OO?

    - by Taytay
    I'm seeing some code like this in our code base, and want to refactor it: (Typescript psuedocode follows): class EntityManager{ private findEntityForServerObject(entityType:string, serverObject:any):IEntity { var existingEntity:IEntity = null; switch(entityType) { case Types.UserSetting: existingEntity = this.getUserSettingByUserIdAndSettingName(serverObject.user_id, serverObject.setting_name); break; case Types.Bar: existingEntity = this.getBarByUserIdAndId(serverObject.user_id, serverObject.id); break; //Lots more case statements here... } return existingEntity; } } The downsides of switching on type are self-explanatory. Normally, when switching behavior based on type, I try to push the behavior into subclasses so that I can reduce this to a single method call, and let polymorphism take care of the rest. However, the following two things are giving me pause: 1) I don't want to couple the serverObject with the class that is storing all of these objects. It doesn't know where to look for entities of a certain type. And unfortunately, the identity of a type of ServerObject varies with the type of ServerObject. (So sometimes it's just an ID, other times it's a combination of an id and a uniquely identifying string, etc). And this behavior doesn't belong down there on those subclasses. It is the responsibility of the EntityManager and its delegates. 2) In this case, I can't modify the ServerObject classes since they're plain old data objects. It should be mentioned that I've got other instances of the above method that take a parameter like "IEntity" and proceed to do almost the same thing (but slightly modify the name of the methods they're calling to get the identity of the entity). So, we might have: case Types.Bar: existingEntity = this.getBarByUserIdAndId(entity.getUserId(), entity.getId()); break; So in that case, I can change the entity interface and subclasses, but this isn't behavior that belongs in that class. So, I think that points me to some sort of map. So eventually I will call: private findEntityForServerObject(entityType:string, serverObject:any):IEntity { return aMapOfSomeSort[entityType].findByServerObject(serverObject); } private findEntityForEntity(someEntity:IEntity):IEntity { return aMapOfSomeSort[someEntity.entityType].findByEntity(someEntity); } Which means I need to register some sort of strategy classes/functions at runtime with this map. And again, I darn well better remember to register one for each my my types, or I'll get a runtime exception. Is there a better way to refactor this? I feel like I'm missing something really obvious here.

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  • Implementing hitbox polygon

    - by Delusional Logic
    I'm creating a shooter, it's still very early, but i'm implementing some polygon hitboxes. So far i have created a polygon class, and i'm looking into how i can hook it onto my player. I'm trying to stay away from having a Tick() function in my polygon class, and I would rather not update the position every tick (it would clutter up my tick functions). At the same time I would really like to have the positions in there somehow (it has a drawing function, and i will be using it for hit detection) How would i go about implementing this polygon object into my entities?

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  • Drop in rankings after removing sitewide backlinks

    - by user319940
    Here's the scenario: I have a small web design business and was using a branded backlink on the bottom of all client sites. Recently this has become a bit taboo with the Google updates so I went back to a few of my sites and made it so there's only a homepage backlink. After doing this, I've had a drop in rankings, despite this apparently being a best practice. Is this likely a temporary drop that will pick back up? For any new sites, I still want to have a link on all pages of client sites as it's good advertising. I plan to have a do-follow homepage link and then no-follow every other link - is this a good idea?

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  • Managing shots of the player

    - by Bitbridge
    I'm currently developing a 2D Jump'n'Run and the situation is the following: The player has different weapons he can collect and is then able to shoot the weapon's projectiles (laser, rockets, whatever). In my previous game (space shooter) I just had a manager class for all the weapon-shots, it stored them in a container and then updates and draws every single one. When the "shoot-event" occurred, the "ProjectileManager" was notified and it added the wanted projectile. The input for player action is handled in the player-class, so the player would have to know the manager to call the function of the manager. I also have a collisionManager, that checks for collisions between, for example, enemies and the projectiles and then notifies these objects. However, I somehow have the feeling, that I shouldn't use this approach and that there might be a better way to handle this. I know, the question is a bit vague, I'm pretty much just looking for input and ideas to improve my design.

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  • Plagued by multithreaded bugs

    - by koncurrency
    On my new team that I manage, the majority of our code is platform, TCP socket, and http networking code. All C++. Most of it originated from other developers that have left the team. The current developers on the team are very smart, but mostly junior in terms of experience. Our biggest problem: multi-threaded concurrency bugs. Most of our class libraries are written to be asynchronous by use of some thread pool classes. Methods on the class libraries often enqueue long running taks onto the thread pool from one thread and then the callback methods of that class get invoked on a different thread. As a result, we have a lot of edge case bugs involving incorrect threading assumptions. This results in subtle bugs that go beyond just having critical sections and locks to guard against concurrency issues. What makes these problems even harder is that the attempts to fix are often incorrect. Some mistakes I've observed the team attempting (or within the legacy code itself) includes something like the following: Common mistake #1 - Fixing concurrency issue by just put a lock around the shared data, but forgetting about what happens when methods don't get called in an expected order. Here's a very simple example: void Foo::OnHttpRequestComplete(statuscode status) { m_pBar->DoSomethingImportant(status); } void Foo::Shutdown() { m_pBar->Cleanup(); delete m_pBar; m_pBar=nullptr; } So now we have a bug in which Shutdown could get called while OnHttpNetworkRequestComplete is occuring on. A tester finds the bug, captures the crash dump, and assigns the bug to a developer. He in turn fixes the bug like this. void Foo::OnHttpRequestComplete(statuscode status) { AutoLock lock(m_cs); m_pBar->DoSomethingImportant(status); } void Foo::Shutdown() { AutoLock lock(m_cs); m_pBar->Cleanup(); delete m_pBar; m_pBar=nullptr; } The above fix looks good until you realize there's an even more subtle edge case. What happens if Shutdown gets called before OnHttpRequestComplete gets called back? The real world examples my team has are even more complex, and the edge cases are even harder to spot during the code review process. Common Mistake #2 - fixing deadlock issues by blindly exiting the lock, wait for the other thread to finish, then re-enter the lock - but without handling the case that the object just got updated by the other thread! Common Mistake #3 - Even though the objects are reference counted, the shutdown sequence "releases" it's pointer. But forgets to wait for the thread that is still running to release it's instance. As such, components are shutdown cleanly, then spurious or late callbacks are invoked on an object in an state not expecting any more calls. There are other edge cases, but the bottom line is this: Multithreaded programming is just plain hard, even for smart people. As I catch these mistakes, I spend time discussing the errors with each developer on developing a more appropriate fix. But I suspect they are often confused on how to solve each issue because of the enormous amount of legacy code that the "right" fix will involve touching. We're going to be shipping soon, and I'm sure the patches we're applying will hold for the upcoming release. Afterwards, we're going to have some time to improve the code base and refactor where needed. We won't have time to just re-write everything. And the majority of the code isn't all that bad. But I'm looking to refactor code such that threading issues can be avoided altogether. One approach I am considering is this. For each significant platform feature, have a dedicated single thread where all events and network callbacks get marshalled onto. Similar to COM apartment threading in Windows with use of a message loop. Long blocking operations could still get dispatched to a work pool thread, but the completion callback is invoked on on the component's thread. Components could possibly even share the same thread. Then all the class libraries running inside the thread can be written under the assumption of a single threaded world. Before I go down that path, I am also very interested if there are other standard techniques or design patterns for dealing with multithreaded issues. And I have to emphasize - something beyond a book that describes the basics of mutexes and semaphores. What do you think? I am also interested in any other approaches to take towards a refactoring process. Including any of the following: Literature or papers on design patterns around threads. Something beyond an introduction to mutexes and semaphores. We don't need massive parallelism either, just ways to design an object model so as to handle asynchronous events from other threads correctly. Ways to diagram the threading of various components, so that it will be easy to study and evolve solutions for. (That is, a UML equivalent for discussing threads across objects and classes) Educating your development team on the issues with multithreaded code. What would you do?

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  • XNA 4.0: 2D Camera Y and X are going in wrong direction

    - by Setheron
    I asked this question on stackoverflow but assumed this might be a better area to ask it as well for a more informed answer. My problem is that I am trying to create a camera class and have it so that my camera follows the proper RHS, however the Y axis seems to be inverted since on the screen the 0 starts at the top. Here is my Camera2D Class: class Camera2D { private Vector2 _position; private float _zoom; private float _rotation; private float _cameraSpeed; private Viewport _viewport; private Matrix _viewMatrix; private Matrix _viewMatrixIverse; public static float MinZoom = float.Epsilon; public static float MaxZoom = float.MaxValue; public Camera2D(Viewport viewport) { _viewMatrix = Matrix.Identity; _viewport = viewport; _cameraSpeed = 4.0f; _zoom = 1.0f; _rotation = 0.0f; _position = Vector2.Zero; } public void Move(Vector2 amount) { _position += amount; } public void Zoom(float amount) { _zoom += amount; _zoom = MathHelper.Clamp(_zoom, MaxZoom, MinZoom); UpdateViewTransform(); } public Vector2 Position { get { return _position; } set { _position = value; UpdateViewTransform(); } } public Matrix ViewMatrix { get { return _viewMatrix; } } private void UpdateViewTransform() { Matrix proj = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(_viewport.Width * 0.5f, _viewport.Height * 0.5f, 0)) * Matrix.CreateScale(new Vector3(1f, 1f, 1f)); _viewMatrix = Matrix.CreateRotationZ(_rotation) * Matrix.CreateScale(new Vector3(_zoom, _zoom, 1.0f)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(_position.X, _position.Y, 0.0f); _viewMatrix = proj * _viewMatrix; } } I test it using SpriteBatch in the following way: protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); Vector2 position = new Vector2(0, 0); // TODO: Add your drawing code here spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Immediate, BlendState.AlphaBlend, null, null, null, null, camera.ViewMatrix); Texture2D circle = CreateCircle(100); spriteBatch.Draw(circle, position, Color.Red); spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); }

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