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  • lan extension over wide area

    - by avinash
    when we use technology like leased line to extend a lan over a wide area(like when connecting two offices such that hosts in both offices use private ip addresses) , why do we use encapsulations like ppp or hdlc...what can't we use the ethernet header to communicate because mac addresses are unique and can easily be used to identify hosts just like a small area lan... this question may seem a bit absurd but it has been bugging me...so plz explain

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  • Cannot Access Server from External IP (Router)

    - by mindoftea
    We have an Ubuntu 10.04 LAMP server running on site (Apache is on port 80). It is running fine through the LAN, but I cannot access it using its external IP address through the Netopia 3000 Series modem by which it is connected to the internet. I have tried using what Netopia calls "Pinholes" (Port Forwarding) to make the server accessible, but a telnet to the external address just gives me "connect to address x.x.x.x: Operation timed out." I have also tried enabling "Services" and "IP Passthrough" on the router, but it gives the same result as above. How can I enable the server to be accessed through its external IP address? Because it connects fine locally, it would seem to be a problem with the Netopia router. Update: Booting the server in GUI mode instead of text mode solved the problem instantly. Any ideas why?

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  • how can I stop my sonicwall TZ-210 (SonicOS Enhanced 5.5.1.0-5o) from responding to arp queries on the wan subnet?

    - by IsaacB
    My sonicwall TZ-210 is answering arp queries on the wan subnet (which my isp doesn't like), basically mapping all the wan ips to its own mac address, causing network havoc since it is not set to route those back to the main isp gateway. How the heck can I turn this behavior off? I have already entered in all wan subnet ips in the static arp cache and left them 'unpublished' which I presumed would mean that it did not bother answering arp queries for them. Apparently it did not do the trick. Arp queries are still being answered unfortunately. What can I do? Any suggestions?

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  • Wireless WAN (WWAN) on a Lenovo T500 - built-in or do I need a WWAN modem?

    - by Justin Grant
    I use a Lenovo ThinkPad 2055-3AU at work and I want to get a Wireless WAN data plan with a local mobile telecom provider. I've read conflicting reports online about whether my system is "WWAN-ready" or not. How can I find out which wireless WAN providers (if any) my system can support without buying a separate modem? I looked through Device Manager for anything resembling a WWAN device and didn't see anything, but I also wiped the machine when I bought it and clean-installed Windows 7 with only out-of-the-box Windows and Windows-Update drivers, so it's possible that the device is there but the drivers aren't installed. FWIW, the support page at http://www-307.ibm.com/pc/support/site.wss/quickPath.do?quickPathEntry=20553AU does not specfically list anything about Wireless WAN.

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  • How can set up a file sharing server to allow remote access over a WAN?

    - by pst007x
    I want to set up a server to allow remote access over a WAN. The purpose is to allow people to remote connect and download specific files from a specified folder hosted on the server. Is there software available to achieve this, preferably with an interface so I can easily add and remove users, plus monitor who is connected at any time? I have looked around and only found terminal references, and not very clear how to set up. I have a service running on my Win server, but I am hoping to move from that to Ubuntu for my file sharing. I do not want people who access the server to have any local accounts or any access to any folder/files apart from authorised folders/files. Thanks

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  • What to look for in a switch with LAN/WAN verses an iSCSI SAN?

    - by Luke
    I'm setting up a VMWare ESXi 5 environment with 3 server nodes. Dell recommended 2x Force10 S60 switches shared (iSCSI SAN, LAN/WAN). The S60 switches are extremely powerful. They have 1.25 GB of buffer cache, < 9us latency. But they are very expensive (online price ~$15k per switch, actual quote a little less). I've been told that "by the book" you should at least have 2 internal switches for SAN, and 2 switches for LAN/WAN (each with a redundant). I know some of the pros and cons of each approach. What I'm wondering is, would it be more cost effective to disjoin the SAN from LAN with less expensive switches? The answer to this question highlights what I should be looking for in a switch for the SAN. What should I be looking for in a LAN/WAN switch, in comparison to the SAN? With the above linked question for the SAN: How is buffer latency measured? When you see 36 MB of buffer cache, is that shared or per port? So 36 MB would be 768kb or 36MB per port? With 3 to 6 servers how much buffer cache do you really need? What else should I be looking at? Our application will be heavily using HTML5 websockets (high number of persistent connections). The amount of data being sent is small; Data sent between client <- server isn't broadcasted (not a chat/IM service). We will be doing some database reporting too (csv export, sums, some joins). We are a small business and on a budget. We'd probably only be able to spend no more than $20k on switches total (2 or 4).

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  • Using a Dell PowerConnect to set up load balancing/redundancy, 1 switch 2 routres 2 private wan link

    - by MarianoC
    Hi, We have different locations connected by two different WAN providers. Each site has a dell powerConnect 6224 and two cisco routers with the WAN connections (we don’t have access to router admin). The 6224 connects to each cisco LAN port and to our LAN backbone. We would like the 6224 provide the ip gateway address and load balance and support redundancy, if one of the routes fail. Is this possible?. We can't find any samples on doing this and we have tried with no success. Any help or link to documentation regarding this, will be greatly appreciated. Thanks, MarianoC

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  • Do all routers really must know all routes to every router?

    - by Philipili
    This is my complicated and long question. First let's talk about the context. Network topology: PC A --- RT A --- RT C --- RT B --- PC B (RT C has a WAN NIC connected to "the cloud") With this situation : PC A must send a packet to PC B Default routes direct packets to the cloud We haven't access to RT C's configuration RT C only knows how to join network A, not network B RT A knows about network B RT B knows about network A RT C's routing table: Destination NIC Gateway 0.0.0.0 WAN Cloud Network A LAN A RT A's WAN RT A's routing table: Destination NIC Gateway 0.0.0.0 WAN LAN A Network B WAN LAN A RT B's routing table: Destination NIC Gateway 0.0.0.0 WAN LAN B Network A WAN LAN B I would like to permit PC A and PC B to communicate, but I don't have access to RT C. Networks B and BC are new. Can PC A send a packet to RT B's WAN NIC (which is possible) and "ask RT B to direct the packet to PC B" ? I believe replacing RT B with a VPN server should do the trick, but I would like to know if it is possible to make it without establishing a new connection.

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  • Cisco 851 (IOS) router: FastEthernet 4 (WAN) got the shutdown flag.

    - by cjavapro
    At a customer location there was a Cisco 851 router (which uses IOS). The PCs on location were all of a sudden unable to connect. We came on site and found that FastEthernet 4 (the WAN port) was "administratively down". We ran these commands to resolve it config t interface fa4 no shutdown exit exit write Now the mystery is how the shutdown flag got there in the first place? The router was on battery backup... but during the outage it was power cycled by the customer. It is possible that there was a short outage by the ISP and that the power cycle caused the shutdown flag to come up. There may have been a hack or an attack pattern that caused the shutdown flag to come up. There may have been a hack or an attack pattern that the router to become unavailable and then caused the shutdown flag to be added on startup. Question: Does anybody have any clues? or at least remember that they had a shutdown flag come up on their WAN port also?

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  • Multiple Routers, Failover, DHCP and multiple gateways. NOT WAN-failover

    - by u_b
    I've had a look around google and this forum but could not find an answer to my question. So probably one of you can help me a little. My intended setup is: Router R1: wan connection to isp. connected backup server. provides some wireless SSID. other connected devices like printer, laptop, etc. both wired and wireless. Router R2: no wan connection to isp but connected to R2. connects mp3-streamer and music server. also serves as a wireless access point with same SSID. other than described connections only wireless connections. I would like to be able to control music even if R1 is off, e.g. with no internet connection. On the other hand I would like to access internet also in the case that R2 is off, i.e. no music access. Last but not least I would like to stream internet radio, i.e., R1 and R2 are on, and music is streamed from internet to R1 to R2 to streamer. I would like to realize all this using DHCP (also using static assignments) so i do not have to configure statically on android, laptop, etc. So my questions are: Can I make DHCP provide a list of two default gateways R1,R2? In order to make clients fallback to other gateway if currently assigned gateway is turned off? Thanks in advance, u_b

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  • How to use Public IP in case of two ISP when two differs from each other

    - by user1471995
    Please bare with my long explanation but this is important to explain the actual problem. Please also pardon my knowledge with PFsense as i am new to this. I have single PFSense box with 3 Ethernet adapter. Before moving to configuration for these, i want to let you know i have two Ethernet based Internet Leased Line Connectivity let's call them ISP A and ISP B. Then last inetrface is LAN which is connected to network switch. Typical network diagram ISP A ----- PFSense ----> Switch ---- > Servers ISP B ----- ISP A (Initially Purchased) WAN IP:- 113.193.X.X /29 Gateway IP :- 113.193.X.A and other 4 usable public IP in same subnet(So the gateway for those IP are also same). ISP B (Recently Purchased) WAN IP:- 115.115.X.X /30 Gateway IP :- 115.115.X.B and other 5 usable public IP in different subnet(So the gateway for those IP is different), for example if 115.119.X.X2 is one of the IP from that list then the gateway for this IP is 115.119.X.X1. Configuration for 3 Interfaces Interface : WAN Network Port : nfe0 Type : Static IP Address : 113.193.X.X /29 Gateway : 113.193.X.A Interface : LAN Network Port : vr0 Type : Static IP Address : 192.168.1.1 /24 Gateway : None Interface : RELWAN Network Port : rl0 Type : Static IP Address : 115.115.X.X /30 (I am not sure of the subnet) Gateway : 115.115.X.B To use Public IP from ISP A i have done following steps a) Created Virtual IP using either ARP or IP Alias. b) Using Firewall: NAT: Port Forward i have created specific natting from one public IP to my internal Lan private IP for example :- WAN TCP/UDP * * 113.193.X.X1 53 (DNS) 192.168.1.5 53 (DNS) WAN TCP/UDP * * 113.193.X.X1 80 (HTTP) 192.168.1.5 80 (HTTP) WAN TCP * * 113.193.X.X2 80 (HTTP) 192.168.1.7 80 (HTTP) etc., c) Current state for Firewall: NAT: Outbound is Manual and whatever default rule are defined for the WAN those are only present. d) If this section in relevant then for Firewall: Rules at WAN tab then following default rule has been generated. * RFC 1918 networks * * * * * Block private networks * Reserved/not assigned by IANA * * * * * * To use Public IP from ISP B i have done following steps a) Created Virtual IP using either ARP or IP Alias. b) Using Firewall: NAT: Port Forward i have created specific natting from one public IP to my internal Lan private IP for example :- RELWAN TCP/UDP * * 115.119.116.X.X1 80 (HTTP) 192.168.1.11 80 (HTTP) c) Current state for Firewall: NAT: Outbound is Manual and whatever default rule are defined for the RELWAN those are only present. d) If this section in relevant then for Firewall: Rules at RELWAN tab then following default rule has been generated. * RFC 1918 networks * * * * * * Reserved/not assigned by IANA * * * * * * Last thing before my actual query is to make you aware that to have multiple Wan setup i have done following steps a) Under System: Gateways at Groups Tab i have created new group as following MultipleGateway WANGW, RELWAN Tier 2,Tier 1 Multiple Gateway Test b) Then Under Firewall: Rules at LAN tab i have created a rule for internal traffic as follows * LAN net * * * MultipleGateway none c) This setup works if unplug first ISP traffic start routing using ISP 2 and vice-versa. Now my main query and problem is i am not able to use public IP address allocated by ISP B, i have tried many small tweaks but not successful in anyone. The notable difference between the two ISP is a) In case of ISP A there Public usable IP address are on same subnet so the gateway used for the WAN ip is same for the other public IP address. b) In case of ISP B there public usable IP address are on different subnet so the obvious the gateway IP for them is different from WAN gateway's IP. Please let me know how to use ISP B public usable IP address, in future also i am going to rely for more IPs from ISP B only.

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  • Is real-time or synchronous replication possible over WAN link?

    - by johnnyb10
    The company I work for is looking to implement truly real-time file replication with file locking over a WAN link that spans over 2000 miles. We currently have a 16-drive SAN setup in our east coast office. We also have an office out in Colorado that will have the same exact SAN setup. The idea is to have those two SANs contain the same exact data at all times, which will allow us to work with the same data pool, and which will also provide use with an offsite backup solution, should a failure occur on either end. We're running Server 2008. The objective is to enable users in the east coast office to work on files and have those changes be instantly updated on the Colorado SAN as well. We also need there to be file locking so that there will be no conflicts or overwritten changes if users attempt to work on the same file. Is this scenario even possible, at speeds that would make the files usable? And if so, what software would we need to pull this off? As I understand it, DFS-R does not provide file locking, so if we used that, we would need to go with a third-party product like Peerlock. But I don't even know if DFS-R is an option. Can it replicate quickly enough over a WAN link? Can any product? It seems that if we were to use synchronous replication, the programs would be unacceptably slow, as every write would have to wait for confirmation from the other end of the link. But if we used asynchronous replication, what kind of latency would we be looking at? There is a product from GlobalScape called WAFS that claims to provide "File coherence with real-time file locking, file release, and synchronization" and says that "As files are modified, changes are mirrored instantly using intelligent byte-level differencing to minimize the impact on network bandwidth". So this sounds like synchronous replication, but that doesn't even seem possible, given physical limitations such as the speed of light. If anyone has any experience with this kind of setup, or knows whether it's even possible, I'd appreciate your input and suggestions, including recommendations for software that we should check out.

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  • ATG Live Webcast March 21 Reminder: Network, WAN, and PC Performance Tuning (Performance Series Part 3 of 3)

    - by BillSawyer
    A quick reminder about tomorrow's webcast:  Andy Tremayne, Senior Architect, Applications Performance, and co-author of Oracle Applications Performance Tuning Handbook from Oracle Press, and Uday Moogala, Senior Principal Engineer, Applications Performance, will discuss network performance for E-Business Suite. Andy and Uday will cover tuning the client and tuning the network. They will share real-life examples of network performance, and show you tools and techniques that you can use to estimate or simulate performance on your own network.The agenda for the Performance Tuning - Part 3 of 3 webcast includes the following topics: Tuning the Client Tuning the Network Date:               Thursday, March 21, 2012Time:              8:00 AM - 9:00 AM Pacific Standard TimePresenters:  Andy Tremayne, Senior Architect, Applications Performance                        Uday Moogala, Senior Principal Engineer, Applications PerformanceWebcast Registration Link (Preregistration is optional but encouraged)To hear the audio feed:   Domestic Participant Dial-In Number:           877-697-8128    International Participant Dial-In Number:      706-634-9568    Additional International Dial-In Numbers Link:    Dial-In Passcode:                                              99341To see the presentation:    The Direct Access Web Conference details are:    Website URL: https://ouweb.webex.com    Meeting Number:  591264961If you miss the webcast, or you have missed any webcast, don't worry -- we'll post links to the recording as soon as it's available from Oracle University.  You can monitor this blog for pointers to the replay. And, you can find our archive of our past webcasts and training here.

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  • T-SQL Tuesday #34: Help me, Obi-Wan Kenobi, You're My Only Hope!

    - by AllenMWhite
    This T-SQL Tuesday is about a person that helped you understand SQL Server. It's not a stretch to say that it's people that help you get to where you are in life, and Rob Volk ( @sql_r ) is sponsoring this month's T-SQL Tuesday asking who is that person that helped you get there. Over the years, there've been a number of people who've helped me, but one person stands out above the rest, who was patient, kind and always explained the details in a way that just made sense. I first met Don Vilen at...(read more)

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  • How to statically configure DNS servers on a Cisco router when the WAN interface uses DHCP?

    - by Massimo
    I have a Cisco router (model 887VA, IOS 15.4) used to connect a LAN to the Internet via ADSL. The WAN interface uses DHCP: interface ATM0.1 point-to-point ip address dhcp I need the router to use a statically-defined DNS server for name resolution: ip name-server A.B.C.D However, the router insists on using the DNS servers supplied by the ISP via DHCP: Router#ping www.google.com Translating "www.google.com"...domain server (<ISP DNS>) [OK] Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 173.194.116.208, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 44/45/48 ms How can I tell the router to ignore the ISP-supplied DNS servers and only use the statically-configured one?

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  • Can connect to WAN via PC but router doesnt.

    - by user16877
    I have a very strange problem regarding the office network. We are currenltly in a executive suite and when i connect to wan via ethernet cable i get dhcp assigned IP address in my network config. I hooked up the linksys router to the wall expecting it to receive all the necessary ip info but that didnt work. So we have been assigned static ip address to put in to our router later but even with the static ip router doesnt seem to connect to internet. But using the same ip address and assigning to laptop works. I m very puzzled what might be the cause of this so any help is really appreciated.

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  • Trouble with local id / remote id configuration of VPN

    - by Lynn Owens
    I have a NetGear UTM firewall and a Windows machine running NetGear's VPN client. The Windows machine I can put on the UTM network and take off of it. When I am cabled into the local (internal) the following configuration works: UTM: Local Id: Local Wan IP: (The UTM's WAN IP address) Remote Id: User FQDN: utm_remote1.com Client: Local Id: DNS: utm_remote1.com Remote Id: (The UTM's WAN IP address) Gateway authentication: preshared key Policy remote endpoint: FQDN: utm_remote1.com But when I'm off the UTM's internal local network and simply coming in from the internet, this does not work. It simply repeats SEND phase 1 before giving up. Since I know that the UTM WAN IP is accessible from both inside and outside the network, I figured the problem was with the Client local id. So, I tried the following: UTM: Local Id: Local Wan IP: (The UTM's WAN IP address) Remote Id: (A DN of a self-signed certificate I created for the client and uploaded into the UTM certificates) Client: Local Id: (The DN of the aforementioned self signed cert) Remote Id: (The UTM's WAN IP address) Gateway authentication: (the aforementioned self signed cert) Policy remote end point: ... er, ... my choices are IP and FQDN.... Not sure what to put here No matter what I've tried, it just keeps repeating the SEND phase 1. Any ideas?

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  • SCVMM 2012 R2 - Installing Virtual Switch Fails with Error 2916

    - by Brian M.
    So I've been attempting to teach myself SCVMM 2012 and Hyper-V Server 2012 R2, and I seem to have hit a snag. I've connected my Hyper-V Host to SCVMM 2012 successfully, and created a logical network, logical switch, and uplink port profile (which I essentially blew through with the default settings). However when I attempt to create a virtual switch on my Hyper-V host, I run into an issue. The job will use my logical network settings I created to configure the virtual switch, but when it tries to apply it to the host, it stalls and eventually fails with the following error: Error (2916) VMM is unable to complete the request. The connection to the agent vmhost1.test.loc was lost. WinRM: URL: [h**p://vmhost1.test.loc:5985], Verb: [GET], Resource: [h**p://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/virtualization/v2/Msvm_ConcreteJob?InstanceID=2F401A71-14A2-4636-9B3E-10C0EE942D33] Unknown error (0x80338126) Recommended Action Ensure that the Windows Remote Management (WinRM) service and the VMM agent are installed and running and that a firewall is not blocking HTTP/HTTPS traffic. Ensure that VMM server is able to communicate with econ-hyperv2.econ.loc over WinRM by successfully running the following command: winrm id –r:vmhost1.test.loc This problem can also be caused by a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) service crash. If the server is running Windows Server 2008 R2, ensure that KB 982293 (h**p://support.microsoft.com/kb/982293) is installed on it. If the error persists, restart vmhost1.test.loc and then try the operation again. Refer to h**p://support.microsoft.com/kb/2742275 for more details. I restarted the server, and upon booting am greeted with a message stating "No active network adapters found." I load up powershell and run "Get-NetAdapter -IncludeHidden" to see what's going on, and get the following: Name InterfaceDescription ifIndex Status ---- -------------------- ------- ----- Local Area Connection* 5 WAN Miniport (PPPOE) 6 Di... Ethernet Microsoft Hyper-V Network Switch Def... 10 Local Area Connection* 1 WAN Miniport (L2TP) 2 Di... Local Area Connection* 8 WAN Miniport (Network Monitor) 9 Up Local Area Connection* 4 WAN Miniport (PPTP) 5 Di... Ethernet 2 Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet 13 Up Local Area Connection* 7 WAN Miniport (IPv6) 8 Up Local Area Connection* 9 Microsoft Kernel Debug Network Adapter 11 No... Local Area Connection* 3 WAN Miniport (IKEv2) 4 Di... Local Area Connection* 2 WAN Miniport (SSTP) 3 Di... vSwitch (TEST Test Swi... Hyper-V Virtual Switch Extension Ada... 17 Up Local Area Connection* 6 WAN Miniport (IP) 7 Up Now the machine is no longer visible on the network, and I don't have the slightest idea what went wrong, and more importantly how to undo the damage I caused in order to get back to where I was (save for re-installing Hyper-V Server, but I really would rather know what's going on and how to fix it)! Does anybody have any ideas? Much appreciated!

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  • Error connecting to Sonicwall L2TP VPN from iPad/iPhone

    - by db2
    A client has a Sonicwall Pro 2040 running SonicOS 3.0, and they'd like to be able to use the L2TP VPN client from their iPads to connect to internal services (Citrix, etc). I've enabled the L2TP VPN server on the Sonicwall, made sure to set AES-128 for phase 2, and set up the configuration on a test iPad with the appropriate username, password, and pre-shared key. When I attempt to connect, I get some rather cryptic error messages in the log on the Sonicwall: 2 03/29/2011 12:25:09.096 IKE Responder: IPSec proposal does not match (Phase 2) [My outbound IP address redacted] (admin) [WAN IP address redacted] 10.10.130.7/32 -> [WAN IP address redacted]/32 3 03/29/2011 12:25:09.096 IKE Responder: Received Quick Mode Request (Phase 2) [My outbound IP address redacted], 61364 (admin) [WAN IP address redacted], 500 4 03/29/2011 12:25:07.048 IKE Responder: IPSec proposal does not match (Phase 2) [My outbound IP address redacted] (admin) [WAN IP address redacted] 10.10.130.7/32 -> [WAN IP address redacted]/32 5 03/29/2011 12:25:07.048 IKE Responder: Received Quick Mode Request (Phase 2) [My outbound IP address redacted], 61364 (admin) [WAN IP address redacted], 500 The console log on the iPad looks like this: Mar 29 13:31:24 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] INFO: ISAKMP-SA established 10.10.130.7[500]-[WAN IP address redacted][500] spi:5d705eb6c760d709:458fcdf80ee8acde Mar 29 13:31:24 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Notice>: IPSec Phase1 established (Initiated by me). Mar 29 13:31:24 Daves-iPad kernel[0] <Debug>: launchd[519] Builtin profile: racoon (sandbox) Mar 29 13:31:25 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] INFO: initiate new phase 2 negotiation: 10.10.130.7[500]<=>[WAN IP address redacted][500] Mar 29 13:31:25 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Notice>: IPSec Phase2 started (Initiated by me). Mar 29 13:31:25 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] ERROR: fatal NO-PROPOSAL-CHOSEN notify messsage, phase1 should be deleted. Mar 29 13:31:25 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] ERROR: Message: '@ No proposal is chosen'. Mar 29 13:31:46 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] ERROR: fatal NO-PROPOSAL-CHOSEN notify messsage, phase1 should be deleted. Mar 29 13:31:46 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] ERROR: Message: '@ No proposal is chosen'. Mar 29 13:31:55 Daves-iPad pppd[518] <Notice>: IPSec connection failed Does this offer any clues as to what's going wrong?

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  • How to Reuse Your Old Wi-Fi Router as a Network Switch

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    Just because your old Wi-Fi router has been replaced by a newer model doesn’t mean it needs to gather dust in the closet. Read on as we show you how to take an old and underpowered Wi-Fi router and turn it into a respectable network switch (saving your $20 in the process). Image by mmgallan. Why Do I Want To Do This? Wi-Fi technology has changed significantly in the last ten years but Ethernet-based networking has changed very little. As such, a Wi-Fi router with 2006-era guts is lagging significantly behind current Wi-Fi router technology, but the Ethernet networking component of the device is just as useful as ever; aside from potentially being only 100Mbs instead of 1000Mbs capable (which for 99% of home applications is irrelevant) Ethernet is Ethernet. What does this matter to you, the consumer? It means that even though your old router doesn’t hack it for your Wi-Fi needs any longer the device is still a perfectly serviceable (and high quality) network switch. When do you need a network switch? Any time you want to share an Ethernet cable among multiple devices, you need a switch. For example, let’s say you have a single Ethernet wall jack behind your entertainment center. Unfortunately you have four devices that you want to link to your local network via hardline including your smart HDTV, DVR, Xbox, and a little Raspberry Pi running XBMC. Instead of spending $20-30 to purchase a brand new switch of comparable build quality to your old Wi-Fi router it makes financial sense (and is environmentally friendly) to invest five minutes of your time tweaking the settings on the old router to turn it from a Wi-Fi access point and routing tool into a network switch–perfect for dropping behind your entertainment center so that your DVR, Xbox, and media center computer can all share an Ethernet connection. What Do I Need? For this tutorial you’ll need a few things, all of which you likely have readily on hand or are free for download. To follow the basic portion of the tutorial, you’ll need the following: 1 Wi-Fi router with Ethernet ports 1 Computer with Ethernet jack 1 Ethernet cable For the advanced tutorial you’ll need all of those things, plus: 1 copy of DD-WRT firmware for your Wi-Fi router We’re conducting the experiment with a Linksys WRT54GL Wi-Fi router. The WRT54 series is one of the best selling Wi-Fi router series of all time and there’s a good chance a significant number of readers have one (or more) of them stuffed in an office closet. Even if you don’t have one of the WRT54 series routers, however, the principles we’re outlining here apply to all Wi-Fi routers; as long as your router administration panel allows the necessary changes you can follow right along with us. A quick note on the difference between the basic and advanced versions of this tutorial before we proceed. Your typical Wi-Fi router has 5 Ethernet ports on the back: 1 labeled “Internet”, “WAN”, or a variation thereof and intended to be connected to your DSL/Cable modem, and 4 labeled 1-4 intended to connect Ethernet devices like computers, printers, and game consoles directly to the Wi-Fi router. When you convert a Wi-Fi router to a switch, in most situations, you’ll lose two port as the “Internet” port cannot be used as a normal switch port and one of the switch ports becomes the input port for the Ethernet cable linking the switch to the main network. This means, referencing the diagram above, you’d lose the WAN port and LAN port 1, but retain LAN ports 2, 3, and 4 for use. If you only need to switch for 2-3 devices this may be satisfactory. However, for those of you that would prefer a more traditional switch setup where there is a dedicated WAN port and the rest of the ports are accessible, you’ll need to flash a third-party router firmware like the powerful DD-WRT onto your device. Doing so opens up the router to a greater degree of modification and allows you to assign the previously reserved WAN port to the switch, thus opening up LAN ports 1-4. Even if you don’t intend to use that extra port, DD-WRT offers you so many more options that it’s worth the extra few steps. Preparing Your Router for Life as a Switch Before we jump right in to shutting down the Wi-Fi functionality and repurposing your device as a network switch, there are a few important prep steps to attend to. First, you want to reset the router (if you just flashed a new firmware to your router, skip this step). Following the reset procedures for your particular router or go with what is known as the “Peacock Method” wherein you hold down the reset button for thirty seconds, unplug the router and wait (while still holding the reset button) for thirty seconds, and then plug it in while, again, continuing to hold down the rest button. Over the life of a router there are a variety of changes made, big and small, so it’s best to wipe them all back to the factory default before repurposing the router as a switch. Second, after resetting, we need to change the IP address of the device on the local network to an address which does not directly conflict with the new router. The typical default IP address for a home router is 192.168.1.1; if you ever need to get back into the administration panel of the router-turned-switch to check on things or make changes it will be a real hassle if the IP address of the device conflicts with the new home router. The simplest way to deal with this is to assign an address close to the actual router address but outside the range of addresses that your router will assign via the DHCP client; a good pick then is 192.168.1.2. Once the router is reset (or re-flashed) and has been assigned a new IP address, it’s time to configure it as a switch. Basic Router to Switch Configuration If you don’t want to (or need to) flash new firmware onto your device to open up that extra port, this is the section of the tutorial for you: we’ll cover how to take a stock router, our previously mentioned WRT54 series Linksys, and convert it to a switch. Hook the Wi-Fi router up to the network via one of the LAN ports (consider the WAN port as good as dead from this point forward, unless you start using the router in its traditional function again or later flash a more advanced firmware to the device, the port is officially retired at this point). Open the administration control panel via  web browser on a connected computer. Before we get started two things: first,  anything we don’t explicitly instruct you to change should be left in the default factory-reset setting as you find it, and two, change the settings in the order we list them as some settings can’t be changed after certain features are disabled. To start, let’s navigate to Setup ->Basic Setup. Here you need to change the following things: Local IP Address: [different than the primary router, e.g. 192.168.1.2] Subnet Mask: [same as the primary router, e.g. 255.255.255.0] DHCP Server: Disable Save with the “Save Settings” button and then navigate to Setup -> Advanced Routing: Operating Mode: Router This particular setting is very counterintuitive. The “Operating Mode” toggle tells the device whether or not it should enable the Network Address Translation (NAT)  feature. Because we’re turning a smart piece of networking hardware into a relatively dumb one, we don’t need this feature so we switch from Gateway mode (NAT on) to Router mode (NAT off). Our next stop is Wireless -> Basic Wireless Settings: Wireless SSID Broadcast: Disable Wireless Network Mode: Disabled After disabling the wireless we’re going to, again, do something counterintuitive. Navigate to Wireless -> Wireless Security and set the following parameters: Security Mode: WPA2 Personal WPA Algorithms: TKIP+AES WPA Shared Key: [select some random string of letters, numbers, and symbols like JF#d$di!Hdgio890] Now you may be asking yourself, why on Earth are we setting a rather secure Wi-Fi configuration on a Wi-Fi router we’re not going to use as a Wi-Fi node? On the off chance that something strange happens after, say, a power outage when your router-turned-switch cycles on and off a bunch of times and the Wi-Fi functionality is activated we don’t want to be running the Wi-Fi node wide open and granting unfettered access to your network. While the chances of this are next-to-nonexistent, it takes only a few seconds to apply the security measure so there’s little reason not to. Save your changes and navigate to Security ->Firewall. Uncheck everything but Filter Multicast Firewall Protect: Disable At this point you can save your changes again, review the changes you’ve made to ensure they all stuck, and then deploy your “new” switch wherever it is needed. Advanced Router to Switch Configuration For the advanced configuration, you’ll need a copy of DD-WRT installed on your router. Although doing so is an extra few steps, it gives you a lot more control over the process and liberates an extra port on the device. Hook the Wi-Fi router up to the network via one of the LAN ports (later you can switch the cable to the WAN port). Open the administration control panel via web browser on the connected computer. Navigate to the Setup -> Basic Setup tab to get started. In the Basic Setup tab, ensure the following settings are adjusted. The setting changes are not optional and are required to turn the Wi-Fi router into a switch. WAN Connection Type: Disabled Local IP Address: [different than the primary router, e.g. 192.168.1.2] Subnet Mask: [same as the primary router, e.g. 255.255.255.0] DHCP Server: Disable In addition to disabling the DHCP server, also uncheck all the DNSMasq boxes as the bottom of the DHCP sub-menu. If you want to activate the extra port (and why wouldn’t you), in the WAN port section: Assign WAN Port to Switch [X] At this point the router has become a switch and you have access to the WAN port so the LAN ports are all free. Since we’re already in the control panel, however, we might as well flip a few optional toggles that further lock down the switch and prevent something odd from happening. The optional settings are arranged via the menu you find them in. Remember to save your settings with the save button before moving onto a new tab. While still in the Setup -> Basic Setup menu, change the following: Gateway/Local DNS : [IP address of primary router, e.g. 192.168.1.1] NTP Client : Disable The next step is to turn off the radio completely (which not only kills the Wi-Fi but actually powers the physical radio chip off). Navigate to Wireless -> Advanced Settings -> Radio Time Restrictions: Radio Scheduling: Enable Select “Always Off” There’s no need to create a potential security problem by leaving the Wi-Fi radio on, the above toggle turns it completely off. Under Services -> Services: DNSMasq : Disable ttraff Daemon : Disable Under the Security -> Firewall tab, uncheck every box except “Filter Multicast”, as seen in the screenshot above, and then disable SPI Firewall. Once you’re done here save and move on to the Administration tab. Under Administration -> Management:  Info Site Password Protection : Enable Info Site MAC Masking : Disable CRON : Disable 802.1x : Disable Routing : Disable After this final round of tweaks, save and then apply your settings. Your router has now been, strategically, dumbed down enough to plod along as a very dependable little switch. Time to stuff it behind your desk or entertainment center and streamline your cabling.     

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  • Apache port forwarding with ZTE ZXV10 W300 router (provider specific firmware)

    - by dannote
    I'm trying to configure port forwarding for Apache 2.2 installed on Windows XP SP3 with ZTE ZXV10 W300 router. The computer has a static IP 192.168.1.2. Port forwarding is configured as following: Enable true Name Apache Protocol TCP (also tried TCP and UPD) WAN Host Start IP Address empty WAN Host End IP Address empty WAN Connection stream WAN Start Port 8080 WAN End Port 8080 LAN Host IP Address 192.168.1.2 LAN Host Start Port 8080 LAN Host End Port 8080 Port 8080 is open for both TCP and UPD in Windows Brandmauer. Apache configuration: Listen 192.168.1.2:8080 Router Firmware: Hardware Version V1.0.01 Software Version V8.0.02T03_CFA Boot Loader Version V1.1.2 The provider is COMSTAR. I'm not sure but it's said they flash routers with modified firmware. I have also tried to set up Bitcomet port forwarding on port 13514 and failed.

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  • Apache port forwarding with ZTE ZXV10 W300 router (provider specific firmware)

    - by dannote
    I'm trying to configure port forwarding for Apache 2.2 installed on Windows XP SP3 with ZTE ZXV10 W300 router. The computer has a static IP 192.168.1.2. Port forwarding is configured as following: Enable true Name Apache Protocol TCP (also tried TCP and UPD) WAN Host Start IP Address empty WAN Host End IP Address empty WAN Connection stream WAN Start Port 8080 WAN End Port 8080 LAN Host IP Address 192.168.1.2 LAN Host Start Port 8080 LAN Host End Port 8080 Port 8080 is open for both TCP and UPD in Windows Brandmauer. Apache configuration: Listen 192.168.1.2:8080 Router Firmware: Hardware Version V1.0.01 Software Version V8.0.02T03_CFA Boot Loader Version V1.1.2 The provider is COMSTAR. I'm not sure but it's said they flash routers with modified firmware. I have also tried to set up Bitcomet port forwarding on port 13514 and failed.

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  • My server is behind a router. How can I see my website correctly? [closed]

    - by Tokyo Dan
    I'm running a web server (Ubuntu) on my local home network. I'm behind a router. On the WAN I have a direct IP. When not on my home network and accessing my website via the WAN direct IP my website displays correctly and everything works. On my home LAN behind the router, accessing my website via the WAN direct gets me to my router's admin login page. This is normal. But... Accessing my website (via it's home LAN IP address) from another computer on my home LAN gets me to the website but the layout display is broken and clicking on any link takes me to the WAN direct IP (my router's Admin login page). How can i get my website to display properly and the links to work when accessing it from my home LAN?

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  • WAN interface responds as LAN when request comes from LAN, is that correct?

    - by Eugenio Miró
    Hi Everyone! I have a problem with my router/modem. I've published an HTTP service from one of my internal computers and when I access the service from the internal lan using the external IP address the modem responds instead of redirecting the call to the forwarded port. I can access the service from outside however, but from the internal network the modem responds to my calls. I'm using a ZTE ZXDSL 831 Series modem with ZXDSL 831IIV7.5.1e_E09_BR1 firmware. Thanks in advance!

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