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• Updating games for iOS 6 and new iPhone/iPod Touch

  - by SundayMonday

  Say I have a game that runs full-screen on iPhone 4S and older devices. The balance of the game is just right for the 480 x 320 screen and associated aspect ratio. Now I want to update my game to run full-screen on the new iPhone/iPod Touch where the aspect ratio of the screen is different. It seems like this can be challenging for some games in terms of maintaining the "balance". For example if the extra screen space was just tacked onto the right side of Jet Pack Joyride the balance would be thrown off since the user now has more time to see and react to obstacles. Also it could be challenging in terms of code maintenance. Perhaps Jet Pack Joyride would slightly increase the speed of approaching obstacles when the game is played on newer devices. However this quickly becomes messy when extra conditional statements are added all over the code. One solution is to have some parameters that are set in once place at start-up depending on the device type. What are some strategies for updating iOS games to run on the new iPhone and iPod Touch?

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• Questions about game states

  - by MrPlow

  I'm trying to make a framework for a game I've wanted to do for quite a while. The first thing that I decided to implement was a state system for game states. When my "original" idea of having a doubly linked list of game states failed I found This blog and liked the idea of a stack based game state manager. However there were a few things I found weird: Instead of RAII two class methods are used to initialize and destroy the state Every game state class is a singleton(and singletons are bad aren't they?) Every GameState object is static So I took the idea and altered a few things and got this: GameState.h class GameState { private: bool m_paused; protected: StateManager& m_manager; public: GameState(StateManager& manager) : m_manager(manager), m_paused(false){} virtual ~GameState() {} virtual void update() = 0; virtual void draw() = 0; virtual void handleEvents() = 0; void pause() { m_paused = true; } void resume() { m_paused = false; } void changeState(std::unique_ptr<GameState> state) { m_manager.changeState(std::move(state)); } }; StateManager.h class GameState; class StateManager { private: std::vector< std::unique_ptr<GameState> > m_gameStates; public: StateManager(); void changeState(std::unique_ptr<GameState> state); void StateManager::pushState(std::unique_ptr<GameState> state); void popState(); void update(); void draw(); void handleEvents(); }; StateManager.cpp StateManager::StateManager() {} void StateManager::changeState( std::unique_ptr<GameState> state ) { if(!m_gameStates.empty()) { m_gameStates.pop_back(); } m_gameStates.push_back( std::move(state) ); } void StateManager::pushState(std::unique_ptr<GameState> state) { if(!m_gameStates.empty()) { m_gameStates.back()->pause(); } m_gameStates.push_back( std::move(state) ); } void StateManager::popState() { if(!m_gameStates.empty()) m_gameStates.pop_back(); } void StateManager::update() { if(!m_gameStates.empty()) m_gameStates.back()->update(); } void StateManager::draw() { if(!m_gameStates.empty()) m_gameStates.back()->draw(); } void StateManager::handleEvents() { if(!m_gameStates.empty()) m_gameStates.back()->handleEvents(); } And it's used like this: main.cpp StateManager states; states.changeState( std::unique_ptr<GameState>(new GameStateIntro(states)) ); while(gamewindow::gameWindow.isOpen()) { states.handleEvents(); states.update(); states.draw(); } Constructors/Destructors are used to create/destroy states instead of specialized class methods, state objects are no longer static but

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• Rotate a vector by given degrees (errors when value over 90)

  - by Ivan

  I created a function to rotate a vector by a given number of degrees. It seems to work fine when given values in the range -90 to +90. Beyond this, the amount of rotation decreases, i.e., I think objects are rotating the same amount for 80 and 100 degrees. I think this diagram might be a clue to my problem, but I don't quite understand what it's showing. Must I use a different trig function depending on the radians value? The programming examples I've been able to find look similar to mine (not varying the trig functions). Vector2D.prototype.rotate = function(angleDegrees) { var radians = angleDegrees * (Math.PI / 180); var ca = Math.cos(radians); var sa = Math.sin(radians); var rx = this.x*ca - this.y*sa; var ry = this.x*sa + this.y*ca; this.x = rx; this.y = ry; };

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• How can player actions be "judged morally" in a measurable way?

  - by Sebastien Diot

  While measuring the player "skills" and "effort" is usually easy, adding some "less objective" statistics can give the player supplementary goals, especially in a MUD/RPG context. What I mean is that apart from counting how many orcs were killed, and gems collected, it would be interesting to have something along the line of the traditional Good/Evil, Lawful/Chaotic ranking of paper-based RPG, to add "dimension" to the game. But computers cannot differentiate good/evil effectively (nor can humans in many cases), and if you have a set of "laws" which are precise enough that you can tell exactly when the player breaks them, then it generally makes more sense to actually prevent them from doing that action in the first place. One example could be the creation/destruction axis (if players are at all allowed to create/build things), possibly in the form of the general effect of the player actions on "ecology". So what else is there left that can be effectively measured and would provide a sense of "moral" for the player? The more axis I have to measure, the more goals the player can have, and therefore the longer the game can last. This also gives the players more ways of "differentiating" themselves among hordes of other players of the same "class" and similar "kit".

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• What's the difference between Canvas and WebGL?

  - by gadr90

  I'm thinking about using CAAT as a part of a HTML5 game engine. One of it's features is the ability to render to Canvas and WebGL without changing anything in the client code. That is a good thing, but I haven't found precisely: what are the differences between those two technologies? I would specially like to know the differences of Canvas and WebGL in the following regards: Framerate Desktop browser support Mobile browser support Futureproofability (TM)

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• Fitting a rectangle into screen with XNA

  - by alecnash

  I am drawing a rectangle with primitives in XNA. The width is: width = GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width and the height is height = GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height I am trying to fit this rectangle in the screen (using different screens and devices) but I am not sure where to put the camera on the Z-axis. Sometimes the camera is too close and sometimes to far. This is what I am using to get the camera distance: //Height of piramid float alpha = 0; float beta = 0; float gamma = 0; alpha = (float)Math.Sqrt((width / 2 * width/2) + (height / 2 * height / 2)); beta = height / ((float)Math.Cos(MathHelper.ToRadians(67.5f)) * 2); gamma = (float)Math.Sqrt(beta*beta - alpha*alpha); position = new Vector3(0, 0, gamma); Any idea where to put the camera on the Z-axis?

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• Errors happen when using World.destroyBody( Body body )

  - by minami

  on Android application using libgdx, when I use World.destroyBody( Body body ) method, once in a while the application suddenly shuts down. Is there some setting I need to do with body collision or Box2DDebugRenderer before I destroy bodies? Below is the source I use for destroying bodies. private void deleteUnusedObject( ) { for( Iterator<Body> iter = mWorld.getBodies() ; iter.hasNext() ; ){ Body body = iter.next( ) ; if( body.getUserData( ) != null ) { Box2DUserData data = (Box2DUserData) body.getUserData( ) ; if( ! data.getActFlag() ) { if( body != null ) { mWorld.destroyBody( body ) ; } } } } } Thanks

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• A problem with texture atlasing in Unity

  - by Hamzeh Soboh

  I have the texture below and I need to get rectangular parts from it. I could finally combine meshes of different quads to improve performance, but I with quads of different tilings, this means different materials, then combining meshes will fail. Can anybody tell me how to have a part of that texture in C#? Such that all quads will be of the same material only then combining meshes passes. Thanks in advance.

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• How does Minecraft renders its sunset and sky?

  - by Nick

  In Minecraft, the sunset looks really beautiful and I've always wanted to know how they do it. Do they use several skyboxes rendered over eachother? That is, one for the sky (which can turn dark and light depending on the time of the day), one for the sun and moon, and one for the orange horizon effect? I was hoping someone could enlighten me... I wish I could enter wireframe or something like that but as far as I know that is not possible.

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• Bomberman clone, how to do bombs?

  - by hustlerinc

  I'm playing around with a bomberman clone to learn game-developement. So far I've done tiles, movement, collision detection, and item pickup. I also have pseudo bombplacing (just graphics and collision, no real functionality). I've made a jsFiddle of the game with the functionality I currently have. The code in the fiddle is very ugly though. Scroll past the map and you find how I place bombs. Anyway, what I would like to do is an object, that has the general information about bombs like: function Bomb(){ this.radius = player.bombRadius; this.placeBomb = function (){ if(player.bombs != 0){ // place bomb } } this.explosion = function (){ // Explosion } } I don't really know how to fit it into the code though. Everytime I place a bomb, do I do var bomb = new Bomb(); or do i need to constantly have that in the script to be able to access it. How does the bomb do damage? Is it as simple as doing X,Y in all directions until radius runs out or object stops it? Can I use something like setTimeout(bomb.explosion, 3000) as timer? Any help is appreciated, be it a simple explanation of the theory or code examples based on the fiddle. When I tried the object way it breaks the code.

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• Good resources for 2.5D and rendering walls, floors, and sprites

  - by Aidan Mueller

  I'm curious as to how games like Prelude of the chambered handle graphics. If you play for a bit you will see what I mean. It made me wonder how it works. (it is open-source so you can get the source on This page) I did find a few tutorials but I couldn't undertand some of the stuff but it did help with some things. However, I don't like doing things I don't understand. Does anyone know of any good sites for this kind of 2.5D? Any help is appreciated. After all I've been googling all day. Thanks :)

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• Convience of mySQL over xml

  - by Bonechilla

  Currently I use XML to store specific information to correctly load a few things such as a list of specfied characters, scenes and music, Once more I use JAXB in combination with standard compression/decompression(ZIP) functionality to store a list of extrenous data. This data is called to add functionality to the character, somewhat like Skills in an RPG. Each skill is seperated into its own XML file with a grandlist which contains the names of each file with their extensions omitted and zipped in folder that gets encrypted. At first using xml was working fine however as the skill list grow i worry about its stability. I was wondering if I should begin storing the data in mySQL. Originally I planned to simply convert everything to JSON over xml but i think possibly mySQL would be a better move. Can anyone inform me of the key difference and pros and cons of each I guess i'm looking for the best way to store the data more conviently and would be easier to operate on. The data is mostly primatives and strings and the only arraylist of values i have i can just concat into a single field and parse later

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• Toon/cel shading with variable line width?

  - by Nick Wiggill

  I see a few broad approaches out there to doing cel shading: Duplication & enlargement of model with flipped normals (not an option for me) Sobel filter / fragment shader approaches to edge detection Stencil buffer approaches to edge detection Geometry (or vertex) shader approaches that calculate face and edge normals Am I correct in assuming the geometry-centric approach gives the greatest amount of control over lighting and line thickness, as well eg. for terrain where you might see the silhouette line of a hill merging gradually into a plain? What if I didn't need pixel lighting on my terrain surfaces? (And I probably won't as I plan to use cell-based vertex- or texturemap-based lighting/shadowing.) Would I then be better off sticking with the geometry-type approach, or go for a screen space / fragment approach instead to keep things simpler? If so, how would I get the "inking" of hills within the mesh silhouette, rather than only the outline of the entire mesh (with no "ink" details inside that outline? Lastly, is it possible to cheaply emulate the flipped-normals approach, using a geometry shader? Is that exactly what the GS approaches do? What I want - varying line thickness with intrusive lines inside the silhouette... What I don't want...

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• How to determine the end of list has been reached?

  - by Sweta Dwivedi

  I'm trying to animate my object according to a set of recorded values from kinect skeleton stream by saving the (x,y,z) stream from the skeletal data into a list and then set my objects x and y position from the x,y of the list. However, once the list end has been reached it starts to animate again from the start. I don't want that - I just want the model position to keep going in the positive X direction. Is there any way I can check if end of the list has been reached and to just update the model position in x direction? Or is there any other way to continue moving my sprite once the points in the list are over... i dont want it to start animating all the way again.. protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { //position += spriteSpeed * (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; //// TODO: Add your update logic here using (StreamReader r = new StreamReader(f)) { string line; Viewport view = graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport; int maxWidth = view.Width; int maxHeight = view.Height; while((line = r.ReadLine()) != null) { string[] temp = line.Split(','); int x = (int) Math.Floor(((float.Parse(temp[0]) * 0.5f) + 0.5f) * maxWidth); int y = (int) Math.Floor(((float.Parse(temp[1]) * -0.5f) + 0.5f) * maxHeight); motion_2.Add(new Point(x, y)); } } position.X = motion_2[i].X; position.Y = motion_2[i].Y; i++; a_butterfly_up.Update(gameTime); a_butterfly_side.Update(gameTime); G_vidPlayer.Play(mossV); base.Update(gameTime); }

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• GLSL Shader Effects: How to do motion blur, etc?

  - by DevilWithin

  I am not sure how right it is to ask this question, but still here it goes. I have a full 2D environment, with sprites going around as landscape, characters, etc And to make it more state-of-art looking, i want to implement a motion blur effect, similar to modern FPS's (i.e. crysis) blur when moving fast the camera. In a sidescroller, the desired effect is having this slight blur appearing to give the idea of fast movement, when the camera is moving. If anyone could give me some tips on doing this, im assuming in a pixel shader, i'd be grate. Also, if anyone has other good tips on cool pixel shader effects for 2D games it would be awesome, like some stylizing post fx, such as previous Prince of Persia illustrative style. Thanks

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• Android Java rectangle collision detection not working

  - by Charlton Santana

  I had been hard coding a collision detection system which was buggy. Then I came across using rectangles for collsion detection. So I put it all in and it does not work, I put a log in and it never logged. Note to Java programmers who are not Android programers: Android uses the word Rect instead of Rectangle. Code for Block.java: public Rect getBounds(){ return new Rect (this.x, this.y, 10, 20); } Code for Sprite.java: public Rect getBounds(){ return new Rect (this.x, this.y, 20, 20); } Code for MainGame.java: for(Block block : BLOCKS) { block.draw(canvas); block.rigidbody(); Rect spriter = sprite.getBounds(); Rect blockr = block.getBounds(); if(spriter.intersect(blockr)){ showgameover = 1; Log.d(TAG, "Game Over"); } } Is anyone able to help?

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• How do I communicate with an IronPython component in a C#/XNA game?

  - by Jonathan Hobbs

  My XNA game is component-oriented, and has various components for position, physics representation, rendering, etc, all of which extend a base Component class. The player and enemies also have controllers which are currently defined in C#. I'd like to turn them into Python scripts, but I'm not sure how to interact with those scripts. The examples in Embedding IronPython in a C# Application suggest I'd have to create a wrapper class (e.g. a Script component) which compiles a Python script, and call the Update methods of the component in the script Is this the most effective way of working with a Python object? I feel that I'm missing something in my research - there must be a way to load up a script, instantiate a Python object and then work directly with it from within C#. Or is the wrapper required?

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• Drawing multiple objects from one Vertex Buffer Object in OpenGL/OpenTK

  - by stoney78us

  I am trying to experimenting drawing method using VBO in OpenGL. Many people normally use 1 vbo to store one object data array. I was trying to do something quite opposite which is storing multiple object data into 1 vbo then drawing it. There is story behind why i want to do this. I want to group many of objects as a single object sometime. However my code doesn't do the justice. Following is my pseudo code: //Data double[] vertices = {line strip 1, line strip 2, line strip 3}; //series of vertices int linestrip1offset = index of the first vertex in line strip 1; int linestrip2offset = index of the first vertex in line strip 2; int linestrip3offset = index of the first vertex in line strip 3; int linestrip1VertexNum = number of vertices in linestrip 1; int linestrip2VertexNum = number of vertices in linestrip 2; int linestrip3VertexNum = number of vertices in linestrip 3; //Setting Up void init() { int[] vBO = new int[1]; GL.GenBuffer(1, vBO); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, vBO[0]); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, new IntPtr(_vertices.Length * sizeof(double)), _vertices, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.EnableClientState(Array.VertexArray); } //Drawing void draw() { GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, vBO[0]); GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray); GL.VertexPointer(3, VertexPointerType.Double, 0, linestrip1offset); //drawing first linestrip GL.DrawArrays(drawMode, linestrip1offset , linestrip1VertexNum ); GL.VertexPointer(3, VertexPointerType.Double, 0, linestrip2offset); //drawing second linestrip GL.DrawArrays(drawMode, linestrip2offset , linestrip2VertexNum ); GL.VertexPointer(3, VertexPointerType.Double, 0, linestrip3offset); //drawing third linestrip GL.DrawArrays(drawMode, linestrip3offset , linestrip3VertexNum ); GL.DisableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, 0); } I don't know what i did wrong but i think technically it should work where we can tell OpenGL which part of the data in the vBO to be drawn.

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• iOS : Creating a 3D Compass

  - by Md. Abdul Munim

  Originally posted here: iOS : Creating a 3D Compass Hi everybody, Quite new in this forum.Posted the same question in stackoverflow and there some people suggested to shift it here, so that I can get a quick help from more specialists in this regard. So what's the big matter? Actually, I want to make a 3D metal compass in iOS which will have a movable cover. That is when you touch it by 3 fingers and try to move your fingers upward the cover keeps moving with your fingers and after certain distance it gets opened.Once you pull it down using 3 fingers again, it gets closed.I can not attach an image here as I don't have that much reputation. So I request you to check the original question at stack overflow that I linked at top. Is it possible using core animations and CALayers? Or would I have to use OpenGL ES? Please someone help me out, I am badly in need of it.And I need to complete it asap!

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• Algorithm for optimal control on space ship using accelerometer input data

  - by mm24

  Does someone have a good algorithm for controlling a space ship in a vertical shooter game using acceleration data? I have done a simple algorithm, but works very badly. I save an initial acceleration value (used to calibrate the movement according to the user's initial position) and I do subtract it from the current acceleration so I get a "calibrated" value. The problem is that basing the movement solely on relative acceleration has an effect of loss of sensitivity: certain movements are independent from the initial position. Would anyone be able to share a a better solution? I am wondering if I should use/integrate also inputs from gyroscope hardware. Here is my sample of code for a Cocos2d iOS game: - (void) accelerometer:(UIAccelerometer *)accelerometer didAccelerate:(UIAcceleration *)acceleration { if (calibrationLayer.visible){ [self evaluateCalibration:acceleration]; initialAccelleration=acceleration; return; } if([self evaluatePause]){ return; } ShooterScene * shooterScene = (ShooterScene *) [self parent]; ShipEntity *playerSprite = [shooterScene playerShip]; float accellerationtSensitivity = 0.5f; UIAccelerationValue xAccelleration = acceleration.x - initialAccelleration.x; UIAccelerationValue yAccelleration = acceleration.y - initialAccelleration.y; if(xAccelleration > 0.05 || xAccelleration < -0.05) { [playerSprite setPosition:CGPointMake(playerSprite.position.x + xAccelleration * 80, playerSprite.position.y + yAccelleration * 80)]; } else if(yAccelleration > 0.05 || yAccelleration < -0.05) { [playerSprite setPosition:CGPointMake(playerSprite.position.x + xAccelleration * 80, playerSprite.position.y + yAccelleration * 80)]; } }

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• Embed Unity3D and load multiple games from a single app

  - by Rafael Steil

  Is is possible to export an entire unity3d project/game as an AssetBundle and load it on iOS/Android/Windows on an app that doesn't know anything about such game beforehand? What I have in mind is something like the web plugin does - it loads a series of .unity3d files over http, and render inline in the browser window. Is it even possible to do something closer for iOS/Android? I have read a lot of docs so far, but still can't be sure: http://floored.com/blog/2013/integrating-unity3d-within-ios-native-application.html http://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/LoadingResourcesatRuntime.html http://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/AssetBundlesIntro.html The code from the post at http://forum.unity3d.com/threads/112703-Override-Unity-Data-folder-path?p=749108&viewfull=1#post749108 works for Android, but how about iOS and other platforms?

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• Need help with a complex 3d scene (using Ogre and bullet)

  - by Matthias

  In my setup there is a box with a hole on one side, and a freely movable "stick" (or bar, tube). This stick can be inserted/moved through the hole into the box. This hole is exactly as wide as the diameter of the stick. In reality, when you would now hold the end of the stick in your hand and move the hand left/right or up/down, the other end of the stick, which is inside the box, would move into the opposite direction of your hand movement (because the stick is affixed at the pivot point where it is entering the box through the hole). (I hope you understand what I mean so far.) Now I need to simulate such a setup in a 3d program. I have already successfully developed an Ogre3d framework for this application, including bullet. But what I don't know is how I can implement in my program what I have described above. This application must include two more features: The scene camera is attached to the end of the stick that is inserted into the box. So when the user would move the mouse (to control "his" end of the stick outside the box), then the camera attached to the stick would move in the opposite direction, as described above. The stick has some length, and the user can push it further into the box, or pull it closer to him again. That means of course that the max. radius on which the end of the stick inside the box can move depends on how far the stick is pushed into the box. Thus, the more the stick is pushed into the box, the larger the max. radius of this end of the stick with the camera will be. I understand this is maybe quite a complex thing, so I don't expect any real source code here. I already have the Ogre and bullet part as said up and running, as well as a camera attached to the stick. This works fine. What I don't know though is how I can simulate the setup described above. Especially the requirement that the stick is affixed at the position of the hole on the box, where it is inserted into the box. Any ideas how I could approach to implement the described setup?

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• Simple question about a cocos2d based game template

  - by Zishan

  I am learning a cocos2d based Game template tutorial from here and now I am at this point of the tutorial. My question is, how can i run 30 different scenes in 30 different levels of 5 chapter? Now I am using this switch (gameData.selectedLevel) { case 1: [SceneManager goChapter1Level1Scene]; break; (... snip a whole lot of lines...) case 30: [SceneManager goChapter5Level6Scene]; break; default: break; } in the "- (void) onPlay: (CCMenuItemImage*) sender" method. But it work only for 6 levels scene of chapter1. Other 4 chapters levels are show as same as 1st chapter levels scene. they are not show their own level scene. can any one please teach me, how can I do this stuff using this game template?

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• Large resolution differences

  - by Robin Betka

  I want to develop a game on multiple devices such as PC, Android or IOS. Want it to be in 1080p, but that means a massive scale down for the smartphones. I know how to do that, just render everything on a 1080p rendertarget and then render it on the screen smaller. But what should I do so that the scalling down doesn't look bad and blury? I can't do it vector based or anything because the sprites simply need a specific size. Should I make the sprites power of two size to get some nice mipmapping? And which other settings can I do? Or should I rather go with a lower resolution but then having a little bit worse look PC version? The performance seems not to be a problem for me, so would be sad not using 1080p because of other problems.

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• Scanline filling of polygons that share edges and vertices

  - by Belgin

  In this picture (a perspective projection of an icosahedron), the scanline (red) intersects that vertex at the top. In an icosahedron each edge belongs to two triangles. From edge a, only one triangle is visible, the other one is in the back. Same for edge d. Also, in order to determine what color the current pixel should be, each polygon has a flag which can either be 'in' or 'out', depending upon where on the scanline we currently are. Flags are flipped according to the intersection of the scanline with the edges. Now, as we go from a to d (because all edges are intersected with the scanline at that vertex), this happens: the triangle behind triangle 1 and triangle 1 itself are set 'in', then 2 is set in and 1 is 'out', then 3 is set 'in', 2 is 'out' and finally 3 is 'out' and the one behind it is set 'in', which is not the desired behavior because we only need the triangles which are facing us to be set 'in', the rest should be 'out'. How do process the edges in the Active Edge List (a list of edges that are currently intersected by the scanline) so the right polys are set 'in'? Also, I should mention that the edges are unique, which means there exists an array of edges in the data structure of the icosahedron which are pointed to by edge pointers in each of the triangles.

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