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• How do you manage Labeled and All-Mail unread mails in Thunderbird with a GMail IMAP accounnt?

  - by Edward Beach

  I use Thunderbird with gmail via imap and do so with multiple accounts. On the gmail side I have filters that will automatically assign labels to incoming mail and archive it moving it out of the inbox. On the Thunderbird side it will see the new mail appear in the corresponding folder and the all mail folder -- that's fine but my problem is that they're both marked as unread. Since I have many accounts I use the unread mail view in Thunderbird's folder panel and what I see is both folders highlighted as unread. When I read the message in one folder the other only get marked as read I click on it and Thunderbird does another imap transaction. Is there a configuration that will recognize the same mail in two different folders automatically?

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• Exchange Server Contact Categories - How to Remove/Update All

  - by ben

  I've been tasked with cleaning up our companies contact database sitting on our Exchange Server 2003. The rub is this database of contacts has been neglected for the past couple of years and is now a bit messy. My issue is I have say a person named 'Bob Smith', and Bob is listed in multiple categories, 'Students' and 'Student'. I would really like to remove the 'Student' category from Bob and anyone else out there that has the same category. My question is, is there an easy way to edit the master category lists for contacts on the exchange server? I feel like I am missing something simple here since if I were playing with the categories that I use, to say organize email its very easy to do so, but I can't seem to find the proper way to do it for categories that are up on the server. I'm attempting to work through Outlook 2007 and Exchange 2003. Any insight would be very helpful as I really don't want to change 8000+ contacts by hand.

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• Using position function for accessing particular node when using While Activity in SOA 11.1.1.5

  - by AJ

  Hi If you are using while activity in SOA Suite 11.1.1.5 and within loop you have a requirement to access repeating node of XML. You might need to use below XPATH expression for accessing the node. Here is the XML that I am using for this example <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> David DemoJob 1 2012-04-15 40000 0 10 Steve TestJob 1 2012-04-15 40000 0 10 Here you can notice that Emp node is repeating i.e. EmpCollection node will contain multiple employees. Now in loop one of assign activity you need to access a particular node for e.g. For first time loop runs you want to access first node and second time second node and so on. You need to make use of postion() function like bpws:getVariableData('Receive1_Read_InputVariable','body','/ns4:EmpCollection/ns4:Emp[position()=$loopCounter]/ns4:job') Please Note: Here loopCounter is a variable that we have created of type xsd:int and prior to loop we have initialized a value of 1. Loop will run depending on the number of Emp nodes present at runtime. For that in while Activity you can use below XPATH expression ora:countNodes('Receive1_Read_InputVariable','body','/ns4:EmpCollection/ns4:Emp')=bpws:getVariableData('loopCounter') Do let me know in case of any issues or concern. Cheers AJ

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• Searchable tags in Excel?

  - by Dustin Sanders

  I'm building a database of spiders, organizing them by name, country, and region within that country. The problem is that many of the spiders exist in multiple countries and regions within that country. I want to be able to sort spiders by either country, or region, without having to enter a duplicate entry for every country or region that spider exists in. For example: Say Spider A exists in the USA and Australia. In the USA it lives in the South and North West. In Australia it lives in New South Wales. Is there a way I can make one entry for this spider, but tag it so it will show up when I search for spiders in USASouth or AustraliaNew South Wales?

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• What Is The Formula for the 3 of 9 Bar Code Alphabet?

  - by Chris Moschini

  Background: 3 of 9 Barcode Alphabet A simple syntax for 3 of 9 bar codes What is the formula behind the alphabet and digits in a 3 of 9 bar code? For example, ASCII has a relatively clear arrangement. Numbers start at 33, capitals at 65, lowercase at 97. From these starting points you can infer the ASCII code for any number or letter. The start point for each range is also a multiple of 32 + 1. Bar codes seem random and lacking sequence. If we use the syntax from the second link, this is the first six characters in 3 of 9: A 100-01 B 010-01 C 110-00 D 001-01 E 101-00 F 011-00 I see no pattern here; what is it? I'm as much interested in the designer's intended pattern behind these as I am in someone devising an algorithm of their own that can give you the above code for a given character based on its sequence. I struggled with where to put this question; is it history, computer science, information science? I chose Programmers because a StackExchange search had the most barcode hits here, and because I wanted to specifically relate it to ASCII to explain what sort of formula/explanation I'm looking for.

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• Alternatives to Pessimistic Locking in Cluster Applications

  - by amphibient

  I am researching alternatives to database-level pessimistic locking to achieve transaction isolation in a cluster of Java applications going against the same database. Synchronizing concurrent access in the application tier is clearly not a solution in the present configuration because the same database transaction can be invoked from multiple JVMs concurrently. Currently, we are subject to occasional race conditions which, due to the optimistic locking we have in place via Hibernate, cause a StaleObjectStateException exception and data loss. I have a moderately large transaction within the scope of my refactoring project. Let's describe it as updating one top-level table row and then making various related inserts and/or updates to several of its child entities. I would like to insure exclusive access to the top-level table row and all of the children to be affected but I would like to stay away from pessimistic locking at the database level for performance reasons mostly. We use Hibernate for ORM. Does it make sense to start a single (perhaps synchronous) message queue application into which this method could be moved to insure synchronized access as opposed to each cluster node using its own, which is a clear race condition hazard? I am mentioning this approach even though I am not confident in it because both the top-level table row and its children could also be updated from other system calls, not just the mentioned transaction. So I am seeking to design a solution where the top-level table row and its children will all somehow be pseudo-locked (exclusive transaction isolation) but at the application and not the database level. I am open to ideas and suggestions, I understand this is not a very cut and dried challenge.

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• Is there a command-line utility app which can find a specific block of lines in a text file, and replace it?

  - by fred.bear

  UPDATE (see end of question) The text "search and replace" utility programs I've seen, seem to only search on a line-by-line basis... Is there a command-line tool which can locate one block of lines (in a text file), and replace it with another block of lines.? For example: Does the test file file contain this exact group of lines: 'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves Did gyre and gimble in the wabe: All mimsy were the borogoves, And the mome raths outgrabe. 'Beware the Jabberwock, my son! The jaws that bite, the claws that catch! Beware the Jubjub bird, and shun The frumious Bandersnatch!' I want this, so that I can replace multiple lines of text in a file and know I'm not overwriting the wrong lines. I would never replace "The Jabberwocky" (Lewis Carroll), but it makes a novel example :) UPDATE: ..(sub-update) My following comment about reasons when not use sed are only in the context of; don't push any tool too far beyond its design intent (I use sed quite often, and consider it to be invaluable.) I just now found an interesting web page about sed and when not to use it. So, because of all the sed answers, I"ll post the link.. it is part of the sed FAQ on sourceforge Also, I'm pretty sure there is some way diff can do the job of locating the block of text (once it's located, the replacement is quite straight foward; using head and tail) ... 'diff' dumps all the necessary data, but I haven't yet worked out how to filter it , ... (I'm still working on it)

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• JavaOne India Early Bird Discount Ends April 2nd

  - by Tori Wieldt

  JavaOne India3-4 May, 2012Hyderabad International Convention Centre Register Now and Save – For A Limited Time!If you register by 2 April, you'll save INR 1080 on this premier Java technology conference. JavaOne will return for the second straight year to India May 3, 4 at the Hyderabad Convention Center. This year's line up will once again bring some of the leading experts in from all over the world as well as local Indian content. Sharat Chander (Director - Java Technology Outreach) said, "JavaOne is the premier Java technology conference in the world, for developers by developers.  Every year we keep increasing community participation in both the content selection and content delivery, and this year we expect even more."The JavaOne India tracks are:Client-Side Technologies and Rich User ExperiencesLearn about developments in Java for the desktop and practices for building rich, immersive, and powerful user experiences across multiple hardware platforms and form factors. Core Java PlatformDiscover the latest innovations in Java virtual machines. Get deep technical explanations in security and networking and enhancements that allow dynamic programming languages to drive Java platform adoption. Java EE Web Profile, Platform Technologies, Web Services, and the Cloud Update your knowledge on topics such as Web application development, persistence, security, and transactions. This track will also address modularity, enterprise caching, Web sockets, and internet identity. Mobile, Java Card, Embedded, and DevicesThis track is devoted to Java technology as the ultimate platform for mobile computing. It also covers embedded and device usages of Java technologies, including Java SE, Java ME, Java Card, and JavaFX. Share this event: #javaoneIndia

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• Does dual-channel work only with an even number of RAM sticks?

  - by iconiK

  I have noticed that on the ASUS P5QL Pro motherboard the BIOS says "Dual Channel Asymmetric Mode" during POST. The motherboard has three 2GB Kingston ValueRAM 800 MHz DIMMs populated in the first 3 slots from the CPU socket. I have not run any benchmarks to verify that dual-channel is somehow being used, but I believed that dual-channel has to have an even number of sticks (and for triple channel, a multiple of 3). Another example is the Intel DX58SO motherboard; it has four DIMM slots, yet it's an LGA 1366 motherboard which does triple-channel. Apparently triple-channel still works with four DIMMs, instead of falling back to dual-channel. What does the BIOS' POST message mean in those case? Is dual-channel really used for the first two DIMMs, with the other one being an odd one in single-channel mode?

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• Docker vs ESXi for Startup Projects - Deploying Code for Dev Testing

  - by JasonG

  Why hello there little programmer dude! I have a question for you and all of your experience and knowledge. I have an ESXi whitebox that I built which is an 8 dude that sits in the corner. I made a mistake recently and took the key that had ESXi, formatted it and used it for something else. No big deal because the last project I worked on had stalled out. I'm about to pick up another project and now I need to spin up a whole bunch of stuff for CI, qa + db, ticket tracker, wikis etc etc. I've been hearing a lot about Docker recently and as this is just a consumer grade machine, I'm wondering if it may make more sense for me to use Docker on OpenOS and then put everything there - bamboo or hudson, jira, confluence, postgress for the tools to use, then a qa env. I can't really seem to find any documents that directly compare traditional VM infrastructure vs docker solutions and I'm wondering if it is fair to compare. Is there any reason why CoreOS w/ containers would be a strictly worse solution? Or do you have any insight into why I may want to stick with ESXi? I've looked on multiple occasions and can't find a good reason not to. I'm not going to run a production env on the server so I don't need to have HA if updating security or OS for example where esxi would allow me to restart one vm at a time. I can just shut the thing down and bring it back up if I need a reboot no problem. So what's up with this container stuff? Is it a fair replacement for ESXi? I'm guessing the atlassian products would run much better and my ram would go a lot farther using docker. Probably the CPU would run much cooler too and my expensive HDD space would be better utilized.

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• Shared block device file system (cluster file system without networking)

  - by fungs

  Is there any file system that can be mounted multiple times and supports concurrent file access for Linux? Basically I want something like a cluster file system but without the need to have a running network for a distributed lock manager. That can be very handy in connection with virtual machines that can share data with the host or another VM without the need to create a network link. This I want to avoid to keep the network architecture secure (virtual machine in DMZ) but share large files. No need to scale it up, just two machines that mount the same block device. Shouldn't it be possible to have file locking information right on the disk?

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• PASS Summit 2012: keynote and Mobile BI announcements #sqlpass

  - by Marco Russo (SQLBI)

  Today at PASS Summit 2012 there have been several announcements during the keynote. Moreover, other news have not been highlighted in the keynote but are equally if not more important for the BI community. Let’s start from the big news in the keynote (other details on SQL Server Blog): Hekaton: this is the codename for in-memory OLTP technology that will appear (I suppose) in the next release of the SQL Server relational engine. The improvement in performance and scalability is impressive and it enables new scenarios. I’m curious to see whether it can be used also to improve ETL performance and how it differs from using SSD technology. Updates on Columnstore: In the next major release of SQL Server the columnstore indexes will be updatable and it will be possible to create a clustered index with Columnstore index. This is really a great news for near real-time reporting needs! Polybase: in 2013 it will debut SQL Server 2012 Parallel Data Warehouse (PDW), which will include the Polybase technology. By using Polybase a single T-SQL query will run queries across relational data and Hadoop data. A single query language for both. Sounds really interesting for using BigData in a more integrated way with existing relational databases. And, of course, to load a data warehouse using BigData, which is the ultimate goal that we all BI Pro have, right? SQL Server 2012 SP1: the Service Pack 1 for SQL Server 2012 is available now and it enable the use of PowerPivot for SharePoint and Power View on a SharePoint 2013 installation with Excel 2013. Power View works with Multidimensional cube: the long-awaited feature of being able to use PowerPivot with Multidimensional cubes has been shown by Amir Netz in an amazing demonstration during the keynote. The interesting thing is that the data model behind was based on a many-to-many relationship (something that is not fully supported by Power View with Tabular models). Another interesting aspect is that it is Analysis Services 2012 that supports DAX queries run on a Multidimensional model, enabling the use of any future tool generating DAX queries on top of a Multidimensional model. There are still no info about availability by now, but this is *not* included in SQL Server 2012 SP1. So what about Mobile BI? Well, even if not announced during the keynote, there is a dedicated session on this topic and there are very important news in this area: iOS, Android and Microsoft mobile platforms: the commitment is to get data exploration and visualization capabilities working within June 2013. This should impact at least Power View and SharePoint/Excel Services. This is the type of UI experience we are all waiting for, in order to satisfy the requests coming from users and customers. The important news here is that native applications will be available for both iOS and Windows 8 so it seems that Android will be supported initially only through the web. Unfortunately we haven’t seen any demo, so it’s not clear what will be the offline navigation experience (and whether there will be one). But at least we know that Microsoft is working on native applications in this area. I’m not too surprised that HTML5 is not the magic bullet for all the platforms. The next PASS Business Analytics conference in 2013 seems a good place to see this in action, even if I hope we don’t have to wait other six months before seeing some demo of native BI applications on mobile platforms! Viewing Reporting Services reports on iPad is supported starting with SQL Server 2012 SP1, which has been released today. This is another good reason to install SP1 on SQL Server 2012. If you are at PASS Summit 2012, come and join me, Alberto Ferrari and Chris Webb at our book signing event tomorrow, Thursday 8 2012, at the bookstore between 12:00pm and 12:30pm, or follow one of our sessions!

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• Tips for achieving "continual" delivery

  - by Ben

  A team is experiencing difficulty releasing software on a frequent basis (once every week). What follows is a typical release timeline: During the iteration: Developers work on stories on the backlog on short-lived (this is enthusiastically enforced) feature branches based on the master branch. Developers frequently pull their feature branches into the integration branch, which is continually built and tested (as far as the test coverage goes) automatically. The testers have the ability to auto-deploy integration to a staging environment and this occurs multiple times per week, enabling continual running of their test suites. Every Monday: there is a release planning meeting to determine which stories are "known good" (based on the testers' work), and hence will be in the release. If there is a known issue with a story, the source branch is pulled out of integration. no new code (only bug fixes requested by the testers) may be pulled into integration on this Monday to ensure the testers have a stable codebase to cut a release from. Every Tuesday: The testers have tested the integration branch as much as they possibly can have given the time available and there are no known bugs so a release is cut and pushed out to the production nodes slowly. This sounds OK in practise, but we have found that it is incredibly difficult to achieve. The team sees the following symptoms "subtle" bugs are found on production that were not identified on the staging environment. last minute hot-fixes continue into the Tuesday. problems on the production environment require roll-backs which blocks continued development until a successful live deployment is achieved and the master branch can be updated (and hence branched from). I think test coverage, code quality, ability to regression test quickly, last minute changes and environmental differences are at play here. Can anyone offer any advice regarding how best to achieve "continual" delivery?

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• Heading to GTC 2010

  - by Daniel Moth

  Next week the GPU Technology Conference (GTC) 2010 takes place in San Jose, CA and I am lucky enough to be attending the entire week. It has been an extremely long time (in fact, I can't remember the last time) where I am registered as an attendee at a conference (full pass/access) without being a speaker *and* without having any booth duty! Having said that, we (our team at Microsoft) will be running GPU debugging UX studies throughout the entire week (similar to what I had previously advertised). If you are attending GTC 2010 and you are interested, look for the related flyer in your conference bag. The conference is an excellent opportunity to connect in-person with various individuals that I have only met virtually. From an educational perspective there is a very long and interesting session list, with multiple concurrent slots, making it very hard to choose between them, but I have managed to create my (packed) schedule. I am most looking forward to sessions on the programming languages and tools, both from Microsoft and MS partners. For full conference details, visit the GTC 2010 official page. Comments about this post welcome at the original blog.

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• Format Factory not working for mov files

  - by LanguaFlash

  I have attempted multiple destination formats with no success. I am using Format Factor 2.30. I drag and drop a .mov file into FF, select all to mpg (or any format) then click Start. It thinks for a couple seconds and then jumps to 100%. When I open the file I get no sound or picture from the video. These mov files were created with a Canon SX10 camera. (It is my brother's camera so I'm not sure of the model.) Any suggestions? TMPGEnc is able to convert the files with the QTReader plug in so the video isn't corrupted or something. Thanks. Jeff

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• Logitech M185 Wirless Mouse issue

  - by Elliot Harrison

  An issue with a Logitech M185 mouse today. A user is unable to use the device. The device works perfectly fine on my PC (It appears as HID-compliant mouse), but not on her laptop. It does not appear in her device manager on the 'Mice and other pointing devices' section. I did notice an unknown device in the Universal Serial Bus Controllers section, but when I try to update the driver, it says it has the most up to date driver. We've tried plugging in the dongle in multiple USB slots but no luck. Any advice? It's a HP 620 Laptop on Windows 7. Thank you :)

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• What is it that automatically checks config changes (such as those in /etc) into git?

  - by Brandon

  I remember reading on the ubuntu forums some time ago about a program to automatically check configuration changes into version control for you. It was (of course) not Ubuntu-specific. I'm pretty sure it used git, though it may have been svn, or perhaps even able to work with multiple different VCSs. My Googling has turned up nothing, and I'd rather not roll my own script if someone has already done this well. Of course I could just manually check things in, but there are reasons I'd like it done automatically. (I'm actually planning to use this for my LastSession.plist file for Safari, so when the #@$%^*&! thing crashes, and I don't restore everything, and then Leopard crashes, the fact that it has such lousy session management won't mean I lose the dozens of windows with dozens of tabs I had open.)

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• Redirecting to a folder

  - by RN

  Apache2 Plesk 9.x I have a website www.example.com and my blog is on www.example.com/blog I have no content on www.example.com as of now So I want all requests for example.com to be redirected to www.example.com/blog How should I do that ? Is this something I can do in Apache? I am using the GoDaddy DNS server. Not sure if it matters- but I have multiple domains hosted n the same server. And I am using Plesk to manage my virtual hosts.

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• QA - Developer communication

  - by exiter2000

  I am a developer and have worked at this company 4~5 years by now. We have been practicing scrum for about 2 years. I think, I have been worked well with QAs. I believe QAs/developers/technical writers are all one team. We are also actively hiring new team members. As a legacy member of the team, I have faced to assist new member(including developers and testers) with my business knowledge. We work on 2 weeks base scrum. I usually deliver my user story completely by the first date of second week and do some qa build with partial functionality of my user story so that QA has a good idea about my implementation and flow. Recently, I have met some QAs. In first week, the QAs do not talk... In stand up meeting, they say they are developing test cases regardless I deliver the user story or not. In second week, I do not have a single defect till Thursday afternoon and suddenly I have a major defect with several minor UI defect, which I delivered one week ago. Or I have one or two minor defects on second week however major defects on Thursday afternoon or Friday morning. This eventually make the story rolls over to the next sprint. Major defect takes time to fix and more importantly it would trigger the regression test for the story... Even if I worked Thursday evening and fixed it, the testing will not finish. And this happens multiple times with certain QAs. As a same team member, I talked to the QAs if they could test major defect with higher priority... Rejected... Because I do not understand QA process.. So I asked roughly how many major test cases are covered so far in the stand up meeting on 2nd week Wednesday.. The response is I should not ask this to the QA in the stand up meeting... What do I do?

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• Web-based (intranet / non-hosted) timesheet / project tracking tools

  - by warren

  I realize some similar questions have been asked along these lines before, but from reading-through them today, it appears they don't match my use case. I am looking for a web-based, non-hosted time and project tracking tool. I've downloaded Collabtive and Achievo so far, but am looking for other suggestions, too. My list of requirements: runs on standard LAMP stack non-hosted (ie, there is an option to download and run it on a local server) not a desktop/single-user application easy-to-use - my audience is a mix of technical and non-technical folks easy to maintain - when time for upgrading comes, I'd really like to not have to rebuild the app (a la ./configure ; make ; make install) needs to support multiple users free-form project additions: we don't have a central project management authority (users should be able to add whatever they're working on, not merely from a drop-down) Does anyone here have experience with such tools? It doesn't have to be free.. but free is always nice :)

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• Finding shapes in 2D Array, then optimising

  - by assemblism

  I'm new so I can't do an image, but below is a diagram for a game I am working on, moving bricks into patterns, and I currently have my code checking for rotated instances of a "T" shape of any colour. The X and O blocks would be the same colour, and my last batch of code would find the "T" shape where the X's are, but what I wanted was more like the second diagram, with two "T"s Current result      Desired Result [X][O][O]                [1][1][1] [X][X][_]                [2][1][_] [X][O][_]                [2][2][_] [O][_][_]                [2][_][_] My code loops through x/y, marks blocks as used, rotates the shape, repeats, changes colour, repeats. I have started trying to fix this checking with great trepidation. The current idea is to: loop through the grid and make note of all pattern occurrences (NOT marking blocks as used), and putting these to an array loop through the grid again, this time noting which blocks are occupied by which patterns, and therefore which are occupied by multiple patterns. looping through the grid again, this time noting which patterns obstruct which patterns That much feels right... What do I do now? I think I would have to try various combinations of conflicting shapes, starting with those that obstruct the most other patterns first.How do I approach this one? use the rational that says I have 3 conflicting shapes occupying 8 blocks, and the shapes are 4 blocks each, therefore I can only have a maximum of two shapes. (I also intend to incorporate other shapes, and there will probably be score weighting which will need to be considered when going through the conflicting shapes, but that can be another day) I don't think it's a bin packing problem, but I'm not sure what to look for. Hope that makes sense, thanks for your help

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• APC module causing strange error

  - by clifgriffin

  When I run php -v I get: PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib64/php/modules/apc.so' - /usr/lib64/php/modules/apc.so: undefined symbol: php_pcre_exec in Unknown on line 0 This isn't my first rodeo. I've setup APC multiple times. This is a MediaTemple Dedicated Virtual 4.0 with Plesk 11. Plesk 11 is the only thing essentially different from the other servers I've set this up on. I've verified that pcre-devel is installed. I've compiled APC from source as well as used pecl to install it. No difference. I also tried downgrading to APC 3.0.19, with no love.

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• Best practice for designing a risk-style board game

  - by jyanks

  I'm just trying to figure out how to set up the code for a game like risk... I would like it to be extensible, so that I can have multiple maps (ie- World, North America, Eurasia, Africa) so hardcoding in the map doesn't seem to make a whole lot of sense I'm a bit confused on how/where items should be stored/accessed. Here are the objects I see the game theoretically using: -Countries/Territories -Cities (Can be contained within territories) -Capitols -Connections -Continents -Map -Troops At the moment, I feel like: -A map should have a list of continents and countries. The continents would be more of a 'logical' thing where the continents would just be lists of countries that are checked for bonuses at the start of turns -Countries should have a list of countries that they're connected to for the connections What I can't figure out is: Where do I store the troops? Do I have an object for every single troop or do I just store the number of troops on a country object as an integer? What about capitols and cities? Do those just have a reference to the country they reside in? Is there anything I'm not seeing here that's going to screw me over in the long run with the way that I'm thinking about things now? Any advice would be appreciated.

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• A synergy alternative that just works?

  - by Sridhar Ratnakumar

  I have been using Synergy for a few days now on my Windows 7 desktop (as server) and Macbook (client). Unfortunately, it seems to be buggy - often, the keyboard would stop working on the Mac to the point of forcing me to use the Macbook's keyboard. There are other weird problems as well. Is there a better/proprietary alternative to Synergy? It should support both Windows and Mac. I'd be more than willing to pay for it if it would just work. Edit: How is VNC/TeamViewer supposed to help? I'm not looking to merely access a remote desktop, I only want to share the keyboard/mouse with multiple computers (mac, windows) retaining their own display.

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• For a Javascript library, what is the best or standard way to support extensibility

  - by Michael Best

  Specifically, I want to support "plugins" that modify the behavior of parts of the library. I couldn't find much information on the web about this subject. But here are my ideas for how a library could be extensible. The library exports an object with both public and "protected" functions. A plugin can replace any of those functions, thus modifying the library's behavior. Advantages of this method are that it's simple and that the plugin's functions can have full access to the library's "protected" functions. Disadvantages are that the library may be harder to maintain with a larger set of exposed functions and it could be hard to debug if multiple plugins are involved (how to know which plugin modified which function?). The library provides an "add plugin" function that accepts an object with a specific interface. Internally, the library will use the plugin instead of it's own code if appropriate. With this method, the internals of the library can be rearranged more freely as long as it still supports the same plugin interface. This could also support having different plugin interfaces to modify different parts of the library. A disadvantage of this method is that the plugins may have to re-implement code that is already part of the library since the library's internal functions are not exported. The library provides a "set implementation" function that accepts an object inherited from a specific base object. The library's public API calls functions in the implementation object for any functionality that can be modified and the base implementation object includes the core functionality, with both external (to the API) and internal functions. A plugin creates a new implementation object, which inherits from the base object and replaces any functions it wants to modify. This combines advantages and disadvantages of both the other methods.

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